Harold S Kudler | Scholars@Duke

Harold S Kudler
Associate Consulting Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

The nature and action of psychological trauma in producing posttraumatic stress disorders. The integration of psychoanalytic, descriptive, and biological perspectives on psychological trauma. The biological assessment and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. The development of treatment guidelines for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. Intergenerational effects of traumatic stress. The neurobiology of dreaming. Development of educational programs for mental health professionals that provide a practical synthesis of psychodynamic and descriptive psychiatric perspectives and clinical skills. The development of educational programs for the teaching of psychodynamic psychiatry including the supervision of psychodynamic psychotherapy. The history of psychiatry with special reference to the history of the concept of psychological trauma.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Consulting Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, General Psychiatry, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences 2020

Contact Information

VA Med Ctr, 508 Fulton St, Durham, NC 27705
VA Medical Center 116A, Durham, NC 27705
kudle001@duke.edu (919) 286-6933

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- M.D., State University of New York, Brooklyn 1979
Duke Appointment History
- Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, General Psychiatry, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences 2014 - 2020
- Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, General Psychiatry, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences 2006 - 2014
- Associate Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, General Psychiatry, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences 2002 - 2006
- Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, General Psychiatry, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences 1994 - 2002
Recognition
In the News
- JUN 26, 2013 TIME magazine
  
  What Is PTSD…And Who Is It For?
Expertise
Global Scholarship
- Research
  - Saudi Arabia (Country)
- Teaching
  - Saudi Arabia (Country)
Research
Selected Grants
- Fluoxetine Treatment Of Posttraumatic Disorder awarded by National Institutes of Health 1993 - 1998
- Fluoxetine Treatment Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder awarded by National Institutes of Health 1993 - 1997
- Fluoxitine Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder awarded by National Institutes of Health 1993 - 1997
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Kudler, Harold. “Clinical practice guidelines for posttraumatic stress disorder: Are they still clinical?” Psychotherapy (Chic) 56, no. 3 (September 2019): 383–90. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000236.
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  - Newins, Amie R., Sarah M. Wilson, Tiffany A. Hopkins, Kristy Straits-Troster, Harold Kudler, and Patrick S. Calhoun. “Barriers to the use of Veterans Affairs health care services among female veterans who served in Iraq and Afghanistan.” Psychol Serv 16, no. 3 (August 2019): 484–90. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000230.
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  - Calhoun, Patrick S., Amie R. Schry, Paul A. Dennis, H Ryan Wagner, Nathan A. Kimbrel, Lori A. Bastian, Jean C. Beckham, Harold Kudler, and Kristy Straits-Tröster. “The Association Between Military Sexual Trauma and Use of VA and Non-VA Health Care Services Among Female Veterans With Military Service in Iraq or Afghanistan.” J Interpers Violence 33, no. 15 (August 2018): 2439–64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515625909.
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  - Calhoun, Patrick S., Sarah M. Wilson, Eric A. Dedert, Katherine C. Cunningham, Thomas K. Burroughs, Terrell A. Hicks, Jean C. Beckham, Harold S. Kudler, and Kristy Straits-Troster. “The association of alcohol consumption patterns with self-rated physical health and psychiatric distress among Afghanistan- and Iraq-era U.S. veterans.” Psychiatry Res 259 (January 2018): 142–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.067.
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  - Brancu, Mira, H Ryan Wagner, Rajendra A. Morey, Jean C. Beckham, Patrick S. Calhoun, Larry A. Tupler, Christine E. Marx, et al. “The Post-Deployment Mental Health (PDMH) study and repository: A multi-site study of US Afghanistan and Iraq era veterans.” Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 26, no. 3 (September 2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1570.
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  - Green, Kimberly T., Sarah M. Wilson, Paul A. Dennis, Jennifer J. Runnals, Rebecca A. Williams, Lori A. Bastian, Jean C. Beckham, et al. “Cigarette Smoking and Musculoskeletal Pain Severity Among Male and Female Afghanistan/Iraq Era Veterans.” Pain Med 18, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 1795–1804. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnw339.
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  - Carroll, David, and Harold Kudler. “Measuring the Quality of VA Care.” Psychiatr Serv 68, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 308. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.68402.
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  - Dillon, Kirsten H., Eric F. Crawford, Harold Kudler, Kristy A. Straits-Troster, Eric B. Elbogen, and Patrick S. Calhoun. “An Investigation of Treatment Engagement Among Returning Veterans With Problematic Anger.” J Nerv Ment Dis 205, no. 2 (February 2017): 119–26. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000651.
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  - Kudler, Harold, Kristine Day, and Paula P. Schnurr. “Treatment Options for Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.” Jama Psychiatry 73, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 756–57. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.0746.
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  - Calhoun, Patrick S., Amie R. Schry, H Ryan Wagner, Nathan A. Kimbrel, Paul Dennis, Scott D. McDonald, Jean C. Beckham, Eric A. Dedert, Harold Kudler, and Kristy Straits-Troster. “The prevalence of binge drinking and receipt of provider drinking advice among US veterans with military service in Iraq or Afghanistan.” Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 42, no. 3 (May 2016): 269–78. https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2015.1051185.
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  - Fleming, Eubanks, Eric F. Crawford, Patrick S. Calhoun, Harold Kudler, and Kristy A. Straits-Troster. “Veterans' Preferences for Receiving Information About VA Services: Is Getting the Information You Want Related to Increased Health Care Utilization?” Mil Med 181, no. 2 (February 2016): 106–10. https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00685.
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  - Allen, John P., Eric F. Crawford, and Harold Kudler. “Nature and Treatment of Comorbid Alcohol Problems and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Among American Military Personnel and Veterans.” Alcohol Res 38, no. 1 (2016): 133–40.
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  - Naylor, Jennifer C., Jason D. Kilts, Jennifer L. Strauss, Steven T. Szabo, Charlotte E. Dunn, H Ryan Wagner, Robert M. Hamer, et al. “An exploratory pilot investigation of neurosteroids and self-reported pain in female Iraq/Afghanistan-era Veterans.” J Rehabil Res Dev 53, no. 4 (2016): 499–510. https://doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.11.0294.
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  - Naylor, Jennifer C., Jason D. Kilts, Steven T. Szabo, Charlotte E. Dunn, Francis J. Keefe, Larry A. Tupler, Lawrence J. Shampine, et al. “Allopregnanolone Levels Are Inversely Associated with Self-Reported Pain Symptoms in U.S. Iraq and Afghanistan-Era Veterans: Implications for Biomarkers and Therapeutics.” Pain Med 17, no. 1 (January 2016): 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/pme.12860.
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  - Pickett, Treven, David Rothman, Eric F. Crawford, Mira Brancu, John A. Fairbank, and Harold S. Kudler. “Mental Health Among Military Personnel and Veterans.” N C Med J 76, no. 5 (November 2015): 299–306. https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.76.5.299.
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  - Schry, Amie R., Michelle B. Rissling, Emily L. Gentes, Jean C. Beckham, Harold S. Kudler, Kristy Straits-Tröster, and Patrick S. Calhoun. “The Relationship Between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Physical Health in a Survey of U.S. Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan Era.” Psychosomatics 56, no. 6 (November 2015): 674–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2015.07.010.
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  - Schry, Amie R., Rachel Hibberd, H Ryan Wagner, Jessica A. Turchik, Nathan A. Kimbrel, Madrianne Wong, Eric E. Elbogen, Jennifer L. Strauss, Jennifer L. Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center Workgroup, and Mira Brancu. “Functional correlates of military sexual assault in male veterans.” Psychol Serv 12, no. 4 (November 2015): 384–93. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000053.
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  - Crawford, Eric F., Eric B. Elbogen, H Ryan Wagner, Harold Kudler, Patrick S. Calhoun, Mira Brancu, and Kristy A. Straits-Troster. “Surveying treatment preferences in U.S. Iraq-Afghanistan Veterans with PTSD symptoms: a step toward veteran-centered care.” J Trauma Stress 28, no. 2 (April 2015): 118–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.21993.
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  - Gentes, Emily L., Paul A. Dennis, Nathan A. Kimbrel, Michelle B. Rissling, Jean C. Beckham, Jean C. VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup, and Patrick S. Calhoun. “DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder: factor structure and rates of diagnosis.” J Psychiatr Res 59 (December 2014): 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.08.014.
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  - Guffanti, G., A. E. Ashley-Koch, A. L. Roberts, M. E. Garrett, N. Solovieff, A. Ratanatharathorn, I. De Vivo, et al. “No association between RORA polymorphisms and PTSD in two independent samples.” Mol Psychiatry 19, no. 10 (October 2014): 1056–57. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2014.19.
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  - Brancu, Mira, Nivonne L. Thompson, Jean C. Beckham, Kimberly T. Green, Patrick S. Calhoun, Eric B. Elbogen, Allison T. Robbins, John A. Fairbank, John A. VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Registry Workgroup, and H Ryan Wagner. “The impact of social support on psychological distress for U.S. Afghanistan/Iraq era veterans with PTSD and other psychiatric diagnoses.” Psychiatry Res 217, no. 1–2 (June 30, 2014): 86–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.02.025.
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  - Kudler, Harold. “Helping clinicians who care for trauma survivors.” Jaapa 27, no. 5 (May 2014): 12–13. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000445913.04183.63.
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  - Brown, Vanessa M., Kevin S. LaBar, Courtney C. Haswell, Andrea L. Gold, Andrea L. Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup, Gregory McCarthy, and Rajendra A. Morey. “Altered resting-state functional connectivity of basolateral and centromedial amygdala complexes in posttraumatic stress disorder.” Neuropsychopharmacology 39, no. 2 (January 2014): 351–59. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2013.197.
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  - Morey, Rajendra A., Courtney C. Haswell, Elizabeth S. Selgrade, Dino Massoglia, Chunlei Liu, Jonathan Weiner, Christine E. Marx, Christine E. MIRECC Work Group, Ibolja Cernak, and Gregory McCarthy. “Effects of chronic mild traumatic brain injury on white matter integrity in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans.” Hum Brain Mapp 34, no. 11 (November 2013): 2986–99. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22117.
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  - Kudler, Harold, and Rebecca I. Porter. “Building communities of care for military children and families.” Future Child 23, no. 2 (2013): 163–85. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2013.0019.
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  - Kudler, H. “A psychodynamic conceptualization of retraumatization,” January 1, 2012, 33–59. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203866320.
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  - Straits-Tröster, K. A., M. Brancu, B. Goodale, S. Pacelli, C. Wilmer, E. M. Simmons, and H. Kudler. “Developing community capacity to treat post-deployment mental health problems: A public health initiative.” Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 283–91. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024645.
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  - Wittmann, Lutz, Janice Halpern, Christine B. L. Adams, Roderick J. Orner, and Harold Kudler. “Prolonged exposure and psychodynamic treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.” J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 50, no. 5 (May 2011): 521–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2011.03.005.
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  - Brancu, Mira, Kristy Straits-Tröster, and Harold Kudler. “Behavioral health conditions among military personnel and veterans: prevalence and best practices for treatment.” N C Med J 72, no. 1 (January 2011): 54–60.
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  - Goodale, Robert, William Abb, Jessica T. Meed, Thu-Mai Christian, Harold Kudler, and Kristy Straits-Tröster. “The Citizen Soldier Support Program: a case study.” N C Med J 72, no. 1 (January 2011): 55–56.
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  - Kudler, Harold, Kristy Straits-Tröster, and Mira Brancu. “Initiatives to improve access to behavioral health services in the Veterans Affairs Health System.” N C Med J 72, no. 1 (January 2011): 40–42.
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  - Forbes, David, Mark Creamer, Jonathan I. Bisson, Judith A. Cohen, Bruce E. Crow, Edna B. Foa, Mathew J. Friedman, Terence M. Keane, Harold S. Kudler, and Robert J. Ursano. “A guide to guidelines for the treatment of PTSD and related conditions.” J Trauma Stress 23, no. 5 (October 2010): 537–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20565.
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  - Elbogen, Eric B., H Ryan Wagner, Sara R. Fuller, Patrick S. Calhoun, Patricia M. Kinneer, Patricia M. Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center Workgroup, and Jean C. Beckham. “Correlates of anger and hostility in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans.” Am J Psychiatry 167, no. 9 (September 2010): 1051–58. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09050739.
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  - Kudler, H., and K. Straits-Tröster. “Partnering in support of war zone veterans and their families.” Psychiatric Annals 39, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 64–70. https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20090201-04.
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  - Eggleston, A Meade, Kristy Straits-Tröster, and Harold Kudler. “Substance use treatment needs among recent veterans.” N C Med J 70, no. 1 (January 2009): 54–58.
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  - Calhoun, Patrick S., John R. Elter, Everett R. Jones, Harold Kudler, and Kristy Straits-Tröster. “Hazardous alcohol use and receipt of risk-reduction counseling among U.S. veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.” J Clin Psychiatry 69, no. 11 (November 2008): 1686–93. https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v69n1103.
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  - Kudler, Harold, and Kristy Straits-Tröster. “Identifying and treating post deployment mental health problems among new combat veterans.” N C Med J 69, no. 1 (January 2008): 39–42.
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  - Kudler, Harold. “The need for psychodynamic principles in outreach to new combat veterans and their families.” J Am Acad Psychoanal Dyn Psychiatry 35, no. 1 (2007): 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2007.35.1.39.
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  - Kudler, Harold. “Chronic stress and adaptation.” Am J Psychiatry 163, no. 3 (March 2006): 552–53. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.163.3.552.
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  - Heldring, M., and H. Kudler. “The primary care health system as a core resource in response to terrorism.” Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma 10, no. 1–2 (May 31, 2005): 541–52. https://doi.org/10.1300/J146v10n01_12.
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  - PTSD Treatment Guidelines Task Force, C. “Guidelines for treatment of PTSD.” J Trauma Stress 13, no. 4 (October 2000): 539–88. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007802031411.
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  - Hertzberg, M. A., M. E. Feldman, J. C. Beckham, H. S. Kudler, and J. R. Davidson. “Lack of efficacy for fluoxetine in PTSD: a placebo controlled trial in combat veterans.” Ann Clin Psychiatry 12, no. 2 (June 2000): 101–5. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009076231175.
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  - Beckham, J. C., L. E. Braxton, H. S. Kudler, M. E. Feldman, B. L. Lytle, and S. Palmer. “Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory profiles of Vietnam combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder and their children.” J Clin Psychol 53, no. 8 (December 1997): 847–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(199712)53:8<847::aid-jclp9>3.0.co;2-c.
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  - Beck, D. A., H. G. Koenig, H. S. Kudler, and H. J. Cohen. “Minor depression in hospitalized elderly veterans.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 44, no. 9 (September 1, 1996): P96–P96.
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  - Beckham, J. C., A. A. Roodman, J. C. Barefoot, T. L. Haney, M. J. Helms, J. A. Fairbank, M. A. Hertzberg, and H. S. Kudler. “Interpersonal and self-reported hostility among combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder.” J Trauma Stress 9, no. 2 (April 1996): 335–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02110665.
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  - Beckham, J. C., A. A. Roodman, R. H. Shipley, M. A. Hertzberg, G. H. Cunha, H. S. Kudler, E. D. Levin, J. E. Rose, and J. A. Fairbank. “Smoking in Vietnam combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder.” J Trauma Stress 8, no. 3 (July 1995): 461–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02102970.
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  - Koenig, H. G., H. J. Cohen, D. G. Blazer, H. S. Kudler, K. R. Krishnan, and T. E. Sibert. “Religious coping and cognitive symptoms of depression in elderly medical patients.” Psychosomatics 36, no. 4 (July 1995): 369–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3182(95)71646-2.
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  - Kudler, H. S. “Borderline personality disorder and PTSD.” Am J Psychiatry 150, no. 12 (December 1993): 1906–7. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.150.12.aj150121906.
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  - Davidson, J. R., H. S. Kudler, W. B. Saunders, L. Erickson, R. D. Smith, R. M. Stein, S. Lipper, E. B. Hammett, S. L. Mahorney, and J. O. Cavenar. “Predicting response to amitriptyline in posttraumatic stress disorder.” Am J Psychiatry 150, no. 7 (July 1993): 1024–29. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.150.7.1024.
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  - Kahn, E. M., R. D. Weiner, R. Coppola, H. S. Kudler, and K. Schultz. “Spectral and topographic analysis of EEG in schizophrenic patients.” Biol Psychiatry 33, no. 4 (February 15, 1993): 284–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(93)90296-p.
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  - Koenig, H. G., V. Goli, F. Shelp, H. S. Kudler, H. J. Cohen, and D. G. Blazer. “Major depression in hospitalized medically ill older men: Documentation, management, and outcome.” International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 7, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.930070105.
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  - KUDLER, HAROLD S. “Cultivating Freud's Garden in France.” American Journal of Psychiatry 147, no. 6 (June 1990): 806–7. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.147.6.806.
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  - Davidson, J. R., H. S. Kudler, W. B. Saunders, and R. D. Smith. “Symptom and comorbidity patterns in World War II and Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder.” Compr Psychiatry 31, no. 2 (March 1990): 162–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-440x(90)90020-s.
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  - Davidson, J., H. Kudler, R. Smith, S. L. Mahorney, S. Lipper, E. Hammett, W. B. Saunders, and J. O. Cavenar. “Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with amitriptyline and placebo.” Arch Gen Psychiatry 47, no. 3 (March 1990): 259–66. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810150059010.
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  - Kudler, H. S., J. R. Davidson, R. Stein, and L. Erickson. “Measuring results of treatment of PTSD.” Am J Psychiatry 146, no. 12 (December 1989): 1645–46. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.12.aj146121645.
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  - Kudler, H. “The tension between psychoanalysis and neuroscience: A perspective on dream theory in psychiatry.” Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought 12, no. 4 (December 1, 1989): 599–617.
  - Koenig, H. G., V. Goli, F. Shelp, H. S. Kudler, H. J. Cohen, K. G. Meador, and D. G. Blazer. “Antidepressant use in elderly medical inpatients: lessons from an attempted clinical trial.” J Gen Intern Med 4, no. 6 (November 1989): 498–505. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02599548.
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  - Smith, M. A., J. Davidson, J. C. Ritchie, H. Kudler, S. Lipper, P. Chappell, and C. B. Nemeroff. “The corticotropin-releasing hormone test in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder.” Biol Psychiatry 26, no. 4 (August 1989): 349–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(89)90050-4.
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  - Davidson, J., R. Smith, and H. Kudler. “Familial psychiatric illness in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder.” Compr Psychiatry 30, no. 4 (July 1989): 339–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-440x(89)90059-x.
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  - Davidson, J., R. Smith, and H. Kudler. “Validity and reliability of the DSM-III criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder. Experience with a structured interview.” J Nerv Ment Dis 177, no. 6 (June 1989): 336–41. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198906000-00003.
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  - Davidson, J., V. Glover, A. Clow, H. Kudler, K. Meador, and M. Sandler. “Tribulin in post-traumatic stress disorder.” Psychol Med 18, no. 4 (November 1988): 833–36. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700009764.
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  - Kudler, H., J. Davidson, K. Meador, S. Lipper, and T. Ely. “The DST and posttraumatic stress disorder.” Am J Psychiatry 144, no. 8 (August 1987): 1068–71. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.144.8.1068.
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  - Davidson, J., H. Kudler, and R. Smith. “Personality in chronic post-traumatic stress disorder:. A study of the eysenck inventory.” Journal of Anxiety Disorders 1, no. 4 (January 1, 1987): 295–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/0887-6185(87)90009-0.
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  - Conrad, C. D., and H. S. Kudler. “Symptom exacerbation in psychotically depressed adolescents due to high desipramine plasma concentrations.” J Clin Psychopharmacol 6, no. 3 (June 1986): 161–64.
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  - KUDLER, HAROLD S. “The Lives and Legends of Jacques Lacan.” American Journal of Psychiatry 142, no. 6 (June 1985): 766–766. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.142.6.766.
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  - Kudler, H. S. “Disclosing diagnosis, continued.” Hosp Community Psychiatry 35, no. 7 (July 1984): 731–32. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.35.7.731-a.
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- Book Sections
  - Kudler, H. “Statement of Dr. Harold Kudler, Chief Mental Health Consultant, Veterans Health Administration. Hearing on "Mental health and suicide among veterans".” In Major Depressive Disorder in Veterans: Antidepressant Use and Suicide Prevention, 25–34, 2015.
  - Heldring, M., and H. Kudler. “The primary care health system as a core resource in response to terrorism.” In The Trauma of Terrorism: Sharing Knowledge and Shared Care, An International Handbook, 541–52, 2005.
- Conference Papers
  - DAVIDSON, J. R. T., H. S. KUDLER, and R. D. SMITH. “ASSESSMENT AND PHARMACOTHERAPY OF POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER.” In Biological Assessment and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, edited by E. L. GILLER, 19:203-+. AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, 1990.
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Education, Training, & Certifications

Duke Appointment History

In the News

Global Scholarship

Research

Teaching

Selected Grants

Selected Publications

Academic Articles

Book Sections

Conference Papers