Scholars@Duke

• Background
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  Education, Training, & Certifications

  • Ph.D., Duke University 1984
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  Duke Appointment History

  • Director of the Duke Free Electron Laser Laboratory, Physics, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2008 - 2011
  • Associate Professor with Tenure, Physics, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 1992 - 2001
  • Assistant Professor, Physics, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 1985 - 1992
  • Instructor, University, Physics, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 1984 - 1985
• Recognition
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  In the News

  • MAY 1, 2016

    Trinity College Honors Faculty Leadership in the Classroom and Across the Campus
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  Awards & Honors

  • Fellow. American Physical Society. 2006
• Research
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  Selected Grants

  • Measurements of Neutron-induced Fission awarded by Department of Energy 2018 - 2021
  • Measurements of Short-Lived Fission Product Yields from Photon-Induced Fission of Special awarded by Department of Energy 2018 - 2021
  • Measurements of Short-Lived Fission Product Yields from Photon-Induced Fission of Special awarded by Department of Energy 2018 - 2021
  • Sloan Foundation Graduate School Award awarded by Alfred P. Sloan Foundation 2017 - 2021
  • REU Site: Undergraduate Research in Nuclear Particle Physics at TUNL and Duke awarded by  National Science Foundation 2018 - 2021
  • Ninth International Workshop on Chiral Dynamics, 2018 awarded by Department of Energy 2018 - 2020
  • Cross Section Measurements of Photonuclear Reaction Pathways Towards Promising Medical Isotopes awarded by Department of Energy 2017 - 2019
  • DukeMed Activated awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2019
  • REU Site: Undergraduate Research in Nuclear Physics at TUNL/Duke University awarded by  National Science Foundation 2015 - 2019
  • Studies of Nuclear Structure Using Neutrons and Charged Particles awarded by Department of Energy 1997 - 2019
  • Photo-Fission Product Yields of Special Nuclear Materials awarded by Department of Energy 2015 - 2018
  • Radiative Capture and Gamma-Induced Reactions at Low Energies 2017 - 2018
  • Neutron-Induced Fission Studies and Reactions on Special Nuclear Materials awarded by Department of Energy 2015 - 2018
  • International Workshop on the Next Generation Gamma-ray Sources awarded by Department of Energy 2015 - 2017
  • Nuclear Data Measurements Using Gamma Rays and Radiation Detector Development 2011 - 2017
  • Stellar Evolution Studied with an Optical Time Projection Chamber awarded by University of Connecticut 2014 - 2016
  • Advanced Conceptual Design for the Majorana Demonstrator 2010 - 2016
  • Photo-induced precision cross-section measurements on actinide nuclei using monoenergetic and polarized photon beams awarded by Department of Energy 2009 - 2015
  • Fission Product Yields of 235U, 238U, 239Pu and Neutron Induced Reactions on Specific Nuclei awarded by Department of Energy 2006 - 2015
  • REU Site: Undergraduate Research in Nuclear Physics at TUNL/Duke University awarded by  National Science Foundation 2009 - 2015
  • Radionuclide Imaging Technologies for Biological Systems awarded by Department of Energy 2010 - 2014
  • Cross-disciplinary Training in Medical Physics awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2013
  • IDBR: Development of a System for Measuring Dynamic Biological Response in Plants Using Coincidence Counting awarded by  National Science Foundation 2007 - 2012
  • High Voltage System for Scintillation Detectors at HIGS awarded by Department of Energy 1997 - 2009
  • Operation Efficiency and Performance Enhancements and Completion of HINDA at HIGS awarded by Department of Energy 1997 - 2009
  • Breast Elemental Composition Imaging awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2007
  • Measurement of Neutron-induced Reaction Cross Sections awarded by Department of Energy 2002 - 2006
  • Support for the 17th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Physics awarded by  National Science Foundation 2003 - 2004
  • NIST Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship Program awarded by National Institute of Standards and Technology 2004
• Publications & Artistic Works
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  Selected Publications

  • Academic Articles

    • Krishichayan, Yanne, M. Bhike, C. R. Howell, A. P. Tonchev, and W. Tornow. “Fission product yield measurements using monoenergetic photon beams.” Physical Review C 100, no. 1 (July 19, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.100.014608.
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    • Gai, M., D. Schweitzer, S. R. Stern, A. H. Young, R. Smith, M. Cwiok, J. S. Bihalowicz, et al. “Time Projection Chamber (TPC) detectors for nuclear astrophysics studies with gamma beams.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, January 1, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.006.
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    • Yates, S. A., B. Fallin, C. R. Howell, K. Krishichayan, W. Tornow, and S. M. Grimes. “Measurement of the Se 80 (γ,n) reaction with linearly polarized γ rays.” Physical Review C 98, no. 5 (November 30, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.98.054621.
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    • Krishichayan, Jun J., S. W. Finch, C. R. Howell, A. P. Tonchev, and W. Tornow. “Monoenergetic photon-induced fission cross-section ratio measurements for U 235, U 238, and Pu 239 from 9.0 to 17.0 MeV.” Physical Review C 98, no. 1 (July 13, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.98.014608.
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    • Sikora, M. H., M. W. Ahmed, A. Banu, C. Bartram, B. Crowe, E. J. Downie, G. Feldman, et al. “Compton scattering from He 4 at 61 MeV.” Physical Review C 96, no. 5 (November 27, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.055209.
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    • Krishichayan, Matthew D., M. Bhike, S. W. Finch, C. R. Howell, A. P. Tonchev, and W. Tornow. “Photofission cross-section ratio measurement of ²³⁵U/²³⁸U using monoenergetic photons in the energy range of 9.0–16.6 MeV.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 854 (May 11, 2017): 40–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.02.043.
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    • Carlson, J., M. P. Carpenter, R. Casten, C. Elster, P. Fallon, A. Gade, C. Gross, et al. “White paper on nuclear astrophysics and low-energy nuclear physics, Part 2: Low-energy nuclear physics.” Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 94 (May 1, 2017): 68–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.11.002.
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    • Gooden, M. E., C. W. Arnold, J. A. Becker, C. Bhatia, M. Bhike, E. M. Bond, T. A. Bredeweg, et al. “Energy Dependence of Fission Product Yields from ²³⁵U, ²³⁸U and ²³⁹Pu for Incident Neutron Energies Between 0.5 and 14.8 MeV.” Nuclear Data Sheets 131 (January 1, 2016): 319–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nds.2015.12.006.
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    • Bhatia, C., B. F. Fallin, M. E. Gooden, C. R. Howell, J. H. Kelley, W. Tornow, C. W. Arnold, et al. “Exploratory study of fission product yields of neutron-induced fission of U 235, U 238, and Pu 239 at 8.9 MeV EXPLORATORY STUDY of FISSION PRODUCT YIELDS ... C. BHATIA et al..” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 91, no. 6 (June 5, 2015). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.064604.
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    • Bhatia, C., B. Fallin, M. E. Gooden, C. R. Howell, J. H. Kelley, W. Tornow, C. W. Arnold, et al. “Dual-fission chamber and neutron beam characterization for fission product yield measurements using monoenergetic neutrons.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 757 (September 1, 2014): 7–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.03.022.
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    • Broussard, L. J., H. O. Back, M. S. Boswell, A. S. Crowell, P. Dendooven, G. S. Giri, C. R. Howell, et al. “Measurement of the half-life of the T= 12 mirror decay of Ne 19 and its implication on physics beyond the standard model.” Physical Review Letters 112, no. 21 (May 27, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.212301.
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    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, and A. S. Crowell. “Proposal for the Simultaneous Measurement of the Neutron-Neutron and Neutron-Proton Quasi-Free Scattering Cross Section via the Neutron-Deuteron Breakup Reaction at En = 19 MeV.” Few Body Systems 54, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 2171–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-012-0488-x.
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    • Elhami, E., J. N. Orce, M. Scheck, S. Mukhopadhyay, S. N. Choudry, M. T. McEllistrem, S. W. Yates, et al. “Erratum: Experimental study of the low-lying structure of 94Zr with the (n,n^′γ) reaction (Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics (2008) 78 (064303)).” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 88, no. 2 (August 20, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.029903.
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    • MacMullin, S., M. Kidd, R. Henning, W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, and M. Brown. “Measurement of the elastic scattering cross section of neutrons from argon and neon.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 87, no. 5 (May 21, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.87.054613.
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    • Lee, S., B. Kross, J. McKisson, J. E. McKisson, A. G. Weisenberger, W. Xi, C. Zorn, et al. “Imaging corn plants with PhytoPET, a modular PET system for plant biology.” Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, January 1, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2013.6829796.
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    • Weisenberger, A. G., B. Kross, S. J. Lee, J. McKisson, J. E. McKisson, W. Xi, C. Zorn, et al. “Nuclear physics detector technology applied to plant biology research.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 718 (January 1, 2013): 157–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.08.097.
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    • Lee, S., B. Kross, J. McKisson, J. E. McKisson, A. G. Weisenberger, W. Xi, C. Zorn, C. R. Howell, C. D. Reid, and M. F. Smith. “PhytoPET: Design and initial results of modular PET for plant biology.” Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, December 1, 2012, 1323–25. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2012.6551323.
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    • Lee, S., H. Dong, J. McKisson, J. E. McKisson, A. G. Weisenberger, W. Xi, C. R. Howell, C. D. Reid, and M. F. Smith. “Ethernet-based flash ADC for a plant PET detector system.” Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, December 1, 2012, 1320–22. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2012.6551322.
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    • Stephenson, S. L., B. E. Crawford, W. I. Furman, E. V. Lychagin, A. Y. Muzichka, G. V. Nekhaev, E. I. Sharapov, et al. “Experiment on direct n-n scattering – the radiation-induced outgassing complication.” Nuclear Physics A 895 (December 1, 2012): 33–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2012.09.005.
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    • Al-Ohali, M. A., J. P. Delaroche, C. R. Howell, M. M. Nagadi, A. A. Naqvi, W. Tornow, R. L. Walter, and G. J. Weisel. “Neutron scattering from 28Si and 32S from 8.0 to 18.9 MeV, dispersive optical model analyses, and ground-state correlations.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 86, no. 3 (September 10, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.034603.
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    • Fonvieille, H., G. Laveissière, N. Degrande, S. Jaminion, C. Jutier, L. Todor, R. Di Salvo, et al. “Virtual Compton scattering and the generalized polarizabilities of the proton at Q2=0.92 and 1.76 GeV2.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 86, no. 1 (July 25, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.015210.
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    • Weisenberger, Andrew G., Brian Kross, Seungjoon Lee, John McKisson, J. E. McKisson, Wenze Xi, Carl Zorn, et al. “PhytoBeta imager: a positron imager for plant biology..” Physics in Medicine and Biology 57, no. 13 (July 2012): 4195–4210. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/57/13/4195.
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    • Kapadia, A., A. Crowell, B. Fallin, C. Howell, G. Agasthya, M. Lakshmanan, J. Newton, T. Juang, and M. Oldham. “SU-E-T-108: 3D Measurement of Neutron Dose from a Novel Neutron Imaging Technique..” Med Phys 39, no. 6Part11 (June 2012). https://doi.org/10.1118/1.4735166.
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    • Couture, A. H., T. B. Clegg, S. Tajima, C. R. Howell, B. Fallin, J. H. Esterline, A. S. Crowell, et al. “Cross-section measurements of 2H(n,np)n in symmetric star configurations.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 85, no. 5 (May 16, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.85.054004.
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    • Arnold, C. W., T. B. Clegg, C. Iliadis, H. J. Karwowski, G. C. Rich, J. R. Tompkins, and C. R. Howell. “Cross-section measurement of 9Be(γ,n)8Be and implications for α+α+n→9Be in the r process.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 85, no. 4 (April 3, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.85.044605.
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    • Hammond, S. L., A. S. Adekola, C. T. Angell, H. J. Karwowski, E. Kwan, G. Rusev, A. P. Tonchev, W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, and J. H. Kelley. “Dipole response of 238U to polarized photons below the neutron separation energy.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 85, no. 4 (April 2, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.85.044302.
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    • Weisenberger, A. G., H. Dong, B. Kross, S. J. Lee, J. McKisson, J. E. McKisson, W. Xi, et al. “Development of PhytoPET: A plant imaging PET system.” Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, March 26, 2012, 275–78. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2011.6154496.
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    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, and A. S. Crowell. “Proposal for the Simultaneous Measurement of the Neutron-Neutron and Neutron-Proton Quasi-Free Scattering Cross Section via the Neutron-Deuteron Breakup Reaction at E n = 19 MeV.” Few Body Systems, 2012, 1–4.
    • Weisenberger, A. G., B. Kross, S. J. Lee, J. McKisson, J. E. McKisson, W. Xi, C. Zorn, et al. “Nuclear physics detector technology applied to plant biology research.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2012.
    • Tompkins, J. R., C. W. Arnold, H. J. Karwowski, G. C. Rich, L. G. Sobotka, and C. R. Howell. “Measurements of the 48Ca(γ,n) reaction.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 84, no. 4 (October 31, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.84.044331.
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    • Arnold, C. W., T. B. Clegg, H. J. Karwowski, G. C. Rich, J. R. Tompkins, and C. R. Howell. “Characterization of an INVS model IV neutron counter for high precision (γ,n) cross-section measurements.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 647, no. 1 (August 11, 2011): 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.01.177.
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    • Mueller, J. M., R. J. Charity, R. Shane, L. G. Sobotka, S. J. Waldecker, W. H. Dickhoff, A. S. Crowell, et al. “Asymmetry dependence of nucleon correlations in spherical nuclei extracted from a dispersive-optical-model analysis.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 83, no. 6 (June 15, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.064605.
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    • Raut, R., A. S. Crowell, B. Fallin, C. R. Howell, C. Huibregtse, J. H. Kelley, T. Kawano, et al. “Cross-section measurements of neutron-induced reactions on GaAs using monoenergetic beams from 7.5 to 15 MeV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 83, no. 4 (April 28, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.044621.
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    • Kwan, E., G. Rusev, A. S. Adekola, F. Dönau, S. L. Hammond, C. R. Howell, H. J. Karwowski, et al. “Discrete deexcitations in U235 below 3 MeV from nuclear resonance fluorescence.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 83, no. 4 (April 21, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.041601.
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    • Adekola, A. S., C. T. Angell, S. L. Hammond, A. Hill, C. R. Howell, H. J. Karwowski, J. H. Kelley, and E. Kwan. “Discovery of low-lying E1 and M1 strengths in Th232.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 83, no. 3 (March 25, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.034615.
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    • Raut, R., A. S. Crowell, B. Fallin, C. R. Howell, C. Huibregtse, J. H. Kelley, T. Kawano, et al. “Cross section measurements of neutron induced reactions on GaAs using monoenergetic beams from 7.5 to 15 MeV.” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312, no. SECTION 6 (January 1, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/312/6/062008.
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    • Weisenberger, A. G., A. Stolin, B. Kross, S. J. Lee, S. Majewski, J. McKisson, J. E. McKisson, et al. “Compact beta particle/positron imager for plant biology.” Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, December 1, 2010, 1752–54. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2010.5874074.
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    • Tonchev, A. P., S. L. Hammond, C. R. Howell, C. Huibregtse, A. Hutcheson, J. H. Kelley, E. Kwan, et al. “Measurement of the Am 241 (γ,n)Am 240 reaction in the giant dipole resonance region.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 82, no. 5 (November 30, 2010). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.82.054620.
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    • Brady, Samuel L., Rathnayaka Gunasingha, Terry T. Yoshizumi, Calvin R. Howell, Alexander S. Crowell, Brent Fallin, Anton P. Tonchev, and Mark W. Dewhirst. “A feasibility study using radiochromic films for fast neutron 2D passive dosimetry..” Phys Med Biol 55, no. 17 (September 7, 2010): 4977–92. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/55/17/007.
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    • Zhou, Z., X. Ruan, Y. Du, B. Qi, H. Tang, H. Xia, R. L. Walter, et al. “Differential cross section for neutron scattering from Bi209 at 37 MeV and the weak particle-core coupling.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 82, no. 2 (August 3, 2010). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.82.024601.
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    • Weisel, G. J., W. Tornow, B. J. Crowe, A. S. Crowell, J. H. Esterline, C. R. Howell, J. H. Kelley, et al. “Neutron-deuteron analyzing power data at 19.0 MeV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 81, no. 2 (February 23, 2010). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.81.024003.
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    • Weisel, G. J., W. Tornow, B. J. Crowe, A. S. Crowell, J. H. Esterline, C. R. Howell, J. H. Kelley, et al. “Neutron-deuteron analyzing power at 19.0 MeV.” Phys. Rev. C 81 (2010).
    • Bowman, C. D., R. B. Vogelaar, E. G. Bilpuch, D. C. Bowman, C. R. Howell, M. A. Pierson, A. P. Tonchev, and W. Tornow. “Basis for green energy multiplier*alternative nuclear technology (GEM*ART).” Transactions of the American Nuclear Society 100 (December 31, 2009): 578–79.
    • Weisenberger, A. G., B. Kross, J. McKisson, A. Stolin, C. Zorn, C. R. Howell, A. S. Crowell, C. D. Reid, S. Majewski, and M. F. Smith. “Positron emission tomography detector development for plant biology.” Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, December 1, 2009, 2323–28. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2009.5402259.
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    • Hutcheson, A., C. Angell, J. A. Becker, A. S. Crowell, D. Dashdorj, B. Fallin, N. Fotiades, et al. “Cross sections for U238(n,n'γ) and U238(n,2nγ) reactions at incident neutron energies between 5 and 14 MeV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 80, no. 1 (August 6, 2009). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.80.014603.
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    • Furman, W. I., A. Y. Muzichka, B. E. Crawford, C. R. Howell, Y. Kandiev, B. G. Levakov, V. I. Litvin, et al. “Current status of the experiment on direct measurement of neutron-neutron scattering length at the reactor yaguar.” Aip Conference Proceedings 1109 (May 14, 2009): 53–58. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3122261.
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    • Tonchev, A. P., S. Hammond, C. R. Howell, C. Huibregtse, A. Hutcheson, H. J. Karwowski, J. H. Kelley, et al. “Photodisintegration cross section of241Am.” Aip Conference Proceedings 1099 (May 5, 2009): 820–23. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3120165.
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    • Trotter, D. E. G., F. S. Meneses, W. Tornow, A. S. Crowell, C. R. Howell, D. Schmidt, and R. L. Walter. “Neutron detection efficiency determinations for the TUNL neutron-neutron and neutron-proton scattering-length measurements.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 599, no. 2–3 (February 11, 2009): 234–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.10.036.
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    • Laveissière, G., N. Degrande, S. Jaminion, C. Jutier, L. Todor, R. Di Salvo, L. Van Hoorebeke, et al. “Virtual Compton scattering and neutral pion electroproduction in the resonance region up to the deep inelastic region at backward angles.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 79, no. 1 (January 5, 2009). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.79.015201.
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    • Bowman, C. D., D. C. Bowman, E. G. Bilpuch, A. S. Crowell, C. R. Howell, K. McCabe, G. A. Smith, et al. “Neutrons from a proton-driven deuterium target as a possible competitor to spallation for nuclear energy applications.” Nuclear Science and Engineering 161, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 119–24. https://doi.org/10.13182/NSE161-119.
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    • Bowman, C. D., E. G. Bilpuch, D. C. Bowman, A. S. Crowell, C. R. Howell, K. McCabe, G. A. Smith, et al. “Reducing parasitic thermal neutron absorption in graphite reactors by 30%.” Nuclear Science and Engineering 161, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 68–77. https://doi.org/10.13182/NSE161-68.
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    • Elhami, E., J. N. Orce, M. Scheck, S. Mukhopadhyay, S. N. Choudry, M. T. McEllistrem, S. W. Yates, et al. “Experimental study of the low-lying structure of Zr94 with the (n,n'γ) reaction.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 78, no. 6 (December 1, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.78.064303.
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    • Kiser, Matthew R., Chantal D. Reid, Alexander S. Crowell, Richard P. Phillips, and Calvin R. Howell. “Exploring the transport of plant metabolites using positron emitting radiotracers..” Hfsp Journal 2, no. 4 (August 2008): 189–204. https://doi.org/10.2976/1.2921207.
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    • Stave, S., M. W. Ahmed, A. J. Antolak, M. A. Blackston, A. S. Crowell, B. L. Doyle, S. S. Henshaw, et al. “Cross section measurements of the B10(d,n0)C11 reaction below 160 keV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 77, no. 5 (May 27, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054607.
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    • Tonchev, A. P., C. T. Angell, M. Boswell, A. S. Crowell, B. Fallin, S. Hammond, C. R. Howell, et al. “Measurement of the Am241(n,2n) reaction cross section from 7.6 MeV to 14.5 MeV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 77, no. 5 (May 27, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054610.
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    • Chen, Q., C. R. Howell, T. S. Carman, W. R. Gibbs, B. F. Gibson, A. Hussein, M. R. Kiser, et al. “Measurement of the neutron-neutron scattering length using the π-d capture reaction.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 77, no. 5 (May 23, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.77.054002.
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    • Kapadia, A. J., G. D. Tourassi, A. C. Sharma, A. S. Crowell, M. R. Kiser, and C. R. Howell. “Experimental detection of iron overload in liver through neutron stimulated emission spectroscopy..” Phys Med Biol 53, no. 10 (May 21, 2008): 2633–49. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/53/10/013.
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    • Floyd, Carey E., Anuj J. Kapadia, Janelle E. Bender, Amy C. Sharma, Jessie Q. Xia, Brian P. Harrawood, Georgia D. Tourassi, et al. “Neutron-stimulated emission computed tomography of a multi-element phantom..” Phys Med Biol 53, no. 9 (May 7, 2008): 2313–26. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/53/9/008.
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    • Braun, R. T., W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, D. E. González Trotter, C. D. Roper, F. Salinas, H. R. Setze, R. L. Walter, and G. J. Weisel. “Neutron-proton analyzing power at 12 MeV and inconsistencies in parametrizations of nucleon-nucleon data.” Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High Energy Physics 660, no. 3 (February 21, 2008): 161–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2007.12.039.
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    • Kapadia, A. J., A. C. Sharma, G. D. Tourassi, J. E. Bender, C. R. Howell, A. S. Crowell, M. R. Kiser, B. P. Harrawood, R. S. Pedroni, and C. E. Floyd. “Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography for diagnosis of breast cancer.” Ieee Transactions on Nuclear Science 55, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 501–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2007.909847.
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    • Howell, C. R. “Extracting the neutron-neutron scattering length from neutron-deuteron breakup.” Chiral Dynamics 2006  Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Chiral Dynamics, Theory and Experiment, Cd 2006, December 1, 2007, 344–45.
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    • Mikhailov, S. F., M. D. Busch, M. Emamian, S. M. Hartman, Y. Kim, J. Li, V. G. Popov, et al. “Commissioning of the booster injector synchrotron for the HIGS facility at Duke University.” Proceedings of the Ieee Particle Accelerator Conference, December 1, 2007, 1209–11. https://doi.org/10.1109/PAC.2007.4441032.
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    • Sharma, A. C., G. D. Tourassi, A. J. Kapadia, B. P. Harrawood, J. E. Bender, A. S. Crowell, M. R. Kiser, C. R. Howell, and C. E. Floyd. “Design and construction of a prototype rotation modulation collimator for near-field high-energy spectroscopic gamma imaging.” Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record 4 (December 1, 2007): 2021–24. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2006.354310.
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    • Sharma, A. C., G. D. Tourassi, A. J. Kapadia, A. S. Crowell, M. R. Kiser, A. Hutcheson, B. P. Harrawood, C. R. Howell, and C. E. Floyd. “Elemental spectrum of a mouse obtained via neutron stimulation.” Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging  Proceedings of Spie 6510, no. PART 1 (October 15, 2007). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.713731.
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    • Hutcheson, A., C. T. Angell, J. A. Becker, M. Boswell, A. S. Crowell, D. Dashdorj, B. Fallin, et al. “Pulsed and monoenergetic beams for neutron cross-section measurements using activation and scattering techniques at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms 261, no. 1-2 SPEC. ISS. (August 1, 2007): 369–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.097.
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    • Danagoulian, A., V. H. Mamyan, M. Roedelbronn, K. A. Aniol, J. R. M. Annand, P. Y. Bertin, L. Bimbot, et al. “Compton-scattering cross section on the proton at high momentum transfer..” Physical Review Letters 98, no. 15 (April 9, 2007). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.98.152001.
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    • Tonchev, A. P., C. Angell, M. Boswell, A. Chyzh, C. R. Howell, H. J. Karwowski, J. H. Kelley, W. Tornow, N. Tsoneva, and Y. K. Wu. “Study of collective dipole excitations below the giant dipole resonance at HIγS.” Aip Conference Proceedings 891 (April 4, 2007): 339–47. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2713535.
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    • Anderson, B., L. Auberbach, T. Averett, W. Bertozzi, T. Black, J. Calarco, L. Cardman, et al. “Extraction of the neutron magnetic form factor from quasielastic 3He→(e→,e') at Q2=0.1-0.6 (GeV/c)2.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 75, no. 3 (March 16, 2007). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.75.034003.
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    • Floyd, C. E., A. C. Sharma, J. E. Bender, A. J. Kapadia, J. Q. Xia, B. P. Harrawood, G. D. Tourassi, et al. “Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography: Background corrections.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms 254, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 329–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2006.11.098.
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    • Floyd, Carey E., Janelle E. Bender, Amy C. Sharma, Anuj Kapadia, Jessie Xia, Brian Harrawood, Georgia D. Tourassi, Joseph Y. Lo, Alexander Crowell, and Calvin Howell. “Introduction to neutron stimulated emission computed tomography..” Phys Med Biol 51, no. 14 (July 21, 2006): 3375–90. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/51/14/006.
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    • Sharma, A., C. Floyd, B. Harrawood, G. Tourassi, A. Kapadia, J. Bender, J. Lo, and C. Howell. “Rotating slat collimator design for high-energy near-field imaging.” Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging  Proceedings of Spie 6142 I (July 3, 2006). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.653929.
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    • Floyd, C. E., J. E. Bender, B. Harrawood, A. C. Sharma, A. Kapadia, G. D. Tourassi, J. Y. Lo, and C. Howell. “Breast cancer diagnosis using neutron stimulated emission computed tomography: Dose and count requirements.” Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging  Proceedings of Spie 6142 II (June 30, 2006). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.656045.
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    • Tonchev, A. P., C. Angell, M. Boswell, C. R. Howell, H. J. Karwowski, J. H. Kelley, W. Tornow, and N. Tsoneva. “Low-energy dipole modes of excitation below the neutron separation energy.” Aip Conference Proceedings 819 (March 13, 2006): 350–54. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2187883.
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    • Plaster, B., A. Y. Semenov, A. Aghalaryan, E. Crouse, G. MacLachlan, S. Tajima, W. Tireman, et al. “Measurements of the neutron electric to magnetic form factor ratio GEn/GMn via the H2(e→,e'n→)H1 reaction to Q2=1.45 (GeV/c)2.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 73, no. 2 (March 9, 2006). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.73.025205.
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    • MacLachlan, G., A. Aghalaryan, A. Ahmidouch, B. D. Anderson, R. Asaturyan, O. Baker, A. R. Baldwin, et al. “The ratio of proton electromagnetic form factors via recoil polarimetry at Q² = 1.13 (GeV/c)².” Nuclear Physics A 764, no. 1–4 (January 9, 2006): 261–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.09.012.
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    • Gonzalez Trotter, D. E., F. S. Meneses, W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, Q. Chen, A. S. Crowell, C. D. Roper, et al. “Neutron-deuteron breakup experiment at En=13MeV: Determination of the 1S0 neutron-neutron scattering length ann.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 73, no. 3 (January 1, 2006). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.73.034001.
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    • Sabourov, A., M. W. Ahmed, M. A. Blackston, A. S. Crowell, C. R. Howell, B. A. Perdue, K. Sabourov, et al. “Astrophysical S factor for the Li7(d,n0)Be8 and Li7(d,n1)Be8 reactions.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 73, no. 1 (January 1, 2006). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.73.015801.
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    • Sabourov, A., M. W. Ahmed, M. A. Blackston, A. S. Crowell, C. R. Howell, K. Joshi, S. O. Nelson, et al. “The Li7(d→,n0)Be8 and Li7(d→,n1)Be8 reactions below 160 keV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 74, no. 6 (January 1, 2006). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.74.064611.
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    • Crawford, B. E., W. I. Furman, C. R. Howell, E. V. Lychagin, B. G. Levakov, V. I. Litvin, A. E. Lyzhin, et al. “Direct nn-scattering at the YAGUAR reactor.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms 241, no. 1–4 (December 1, 2005): 190–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.07.023.
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    • Kapadia, A. J., C. E. Floyd, J. E. Bender, C. R. Howell, A. S. Crowell, and M. R. Kiser. “Non-invasive quantification of iron⁵⁶Fe in beef liver using neutron stimulated emission computed tomography.” Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record 4 (December 1, 2005): 2232–34. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2005.1596778.
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    • Tonchev, A. P., M. Boswell, C. R. Howell, H. J. Karwowski, J. H. Kelley, W. Tornow, and Y. K. Wu. “The high intensity γ-ray source (HIγS) and recent results.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms 241, no. 1–4 (December 1, 2005): 170–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.07.080.
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    • Wut, Y. K., M. Busch, M. Emamian, J. Faircloth, J. Gustavsson, S. Hartman, C. Howell, et al. “Recommissioning of duke storage ring with a rom-damped RF cavity and a new straight section lattice for fels.” Proceedings of the Ieee Particle Accelerator Conference 2005 (December 1, 2005): 3934–36. https://doi.org/10.1109/PAC.2005.1591674.
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    • Hamilton, D. J., V. H. Mamyan, K. A. Aniol, J. R. M. Annand, P. Y. Bertin, L. Bimbot, P. Bosted, et al. “Polarization transfer in proton compton scattering at high momentum transfer.” Physical Review Letters 94, no. 24 (June 24, 2005). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.242001.
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    • Punjabi, V., C. F. Perdrisat, K. A. Aniol, F. T. Baker, J. Berthot, P. Y. Bertin, W. Bertozzi, et al. “Erratum: Proton elastic form factor ratios to Q2=3.5GeV2 by polarization transfer (Physical Review C (2005) 71 (055202)).” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 71, no. 6 (June 1, 2005). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.71.069902.
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    • Tornow, W., J. H. Esterline, C. R. Howell, H. J. Karwowski, J. H. Kelley, A. P. Tonchev, J. Li, et al. “Photon analyzing power for the three-body breakup of ³He at Eγ = 15.0 MeV.” Aip Conference Proceedings 768 (May 6, 2005): 138–40. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1932890.
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    • Mitchell, G. E., W. I. Furman, E. V. Lychagin, A Yu Muzichka, G. V. Nekhaev, A. V. Strelkov, E. I. Sharapov, et al. “Direct nn-Scattering Measurement With the Pulsed Reactor YAGUAR..” Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 110, no. 3 (May 2005): 225–30.
    • Punjabi, V., C. F. Perdrisat, K. A. Aniol, F. T. Baker, J. Berthot, P. Y. Bertin, W. Bertozzi, et al. “Proton elastic form factor ratios to Q2=3.5GeV2 by polarization transfer.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 71, no. 5 (May 1, 2005). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.71.055202.
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    • Mitchell, G. E., W. I. Furman, E. V. Lychagin, A. Y. Muzichka, G. V. Nekhaev, A. V. Strelkov, E. I. Sharapov, et al. “A direct measurement of the neutron-neutron scattering length.” Brazilian Journal of Physics 35, no. 3 B (January 1, 2005): 850–53. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-97332005000500036.
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    • Roper, C. D., W. Tornow, R. T. Braun, Q. Chen, A. Crowell, D Gonzalez Trotter, C. R. Howell, et al. “Measurements of Aγ(θ) for 12C(n,n)12C from En = 2.2 to 8.5 MeV.” Phys. Rev C, no. 72 (2005).
    • Roper, C. D., W. Tornow, R. T. Braun, Q. Chen, A. Crowell, D. G. Trotter, C. R. Howell, et al. “Measurements of Ay(θ) for C12(n,n)C12 from En=2.2 to 8.5 MeV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 72, no. 2 (January 1, 2005). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.72.024605.
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    • Setze, H. R., C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, R. T. Braun, D. E. González Trotter, A. H. Hussein, R. S. Pedroni, et al. “Cross-section measurements of neutron-deuteron breakup at 13.0 MeV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 71, no. 3 (January 1, 2005). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.71.034006.
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    • Chen, Z., R. L. Walter, W. Tornow, G. J. Weisel, and C. R. Howell. “A dispersive optical model for n +¹²⁰Sn from -15 to +80 MeV and properties of neutron single-particle and single-hole states.” Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 30, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 1847–59. https://doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/12/007.
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    • Laveissière, G., L. Todor, N. Degrande, S. Jaminion, C. Jutier, R. Di Salvo, L. Van Hoorebeke, et al. “Measurement of the generalized polarizabilities of the proton in virtual Compton scattering at Q2=0.92 and 1.76 GeV2..” Physical Review Letters 93, no. 12 (September 14, 2004). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.93.122001.
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    • Crawford, B. E., S. L. Stephenson, C. R. Howell, G. E. Mitchell, W. Tornow, W. I. Furman, E. V. Lychagin, et al. “Calculations of neutron spectra after neutron-neutron scattering.” Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 30, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 1269–85. https://doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/9/024.
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    • Floyd, C. E., C. Howell, B. Harrawood, A. Crowell, A. Kapadia, R. Macri, J. Xia, et al. “Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography of stable isotopes.” Proceedings of Spie  the International Society for Optical Engineering 5368, no. 1 (July 5, 2004): 248–54. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.535350.
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    • Gueorguiev, G. P., C. R. Howell, G. E. Mitchell, E. I. sharapov, and W. Tornow. “Modeling Fast Neutron Shielding for the nn-Experiment.” Accelerator Applications in a Nuclear Renaissance, 2004.
    • Laveissière, G., N. Degrande, S. Jaminion, C. Jutier, L. Todor, R. Di Salvo, L. van Hoorebeke, et al. “Backward electroproduction of π⁰ mesons on protons in the region of nucleon resonances at four momentum transfer squared Q²=1.0 GeV².” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 69, no. 4 (January 1, 2004). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.69.045203.
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    • al, KG Fissum et, and including C. R. Howell. “Dynamics of the Quasielastic 16O(e,ep) Reaction at Q2 ~ 0.8 (GeV/c)2.” Phy. Rev. C 70 (2004).
    • Tornow, W., N. G. Czakon, C. R. Howell, A. Hutcheson, J. H. Kelley, V. N. Litvinenko, S. F. Mikhailov, I. V. Pinayev, G. J. Weisel, and H. Witała. “Low-energy photodisintegration of the deuteron and Big-Bang nucleosynthesis.” Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High Energy Physics 574, no. 1–2 (November 6, 2003): 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.078.
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    • Reichelt, T., R. Madey, A. Y. Semenov, S. Taylor, A. Aghalaryan, E. Crouse, G. MacLachlan, et al. “Measurement of the neutron electric form factor via recoil polarimetry.” European Physical Journal A 18, no. 2–3 (October 1, 2003): 181–83. https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2002-10296-0.
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    • Madey, R., A Yu Semenov, S. Taylor, B. Plaster, A. Aghalaryan, E. Crouse, G. MacLachlan, et al. “Measurements of GnE/GnM from the 2H(e-->,en-->)1H Reaction to Q2=1.45 (GeV/c)2..” Physical Review Letters 91, no. 12 (September 19, 2003). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.91.122002.
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    • Madey, R., A. Y. Semenov, S. Taylor, B. Plaster, A. Aghalaryan, E. Crouse, G. MacLachlan, et al. “Measurements of GEⁿ/GMⁿ from the ²H(e^→, e′n^→)¹H Reaction to Q² = 1.45 (GeV/c)².” Physical Review Letters 91, no. 12 (September 19, 2003): 1220021–25.
    • Madey, R., A. Y. Semenov, S. Taylor, A. Aghalaryan, E. Crouse, G. MacLachlan, B. Plaster, et al. “Neutron electric form factor up to Q² = 1.47 (GeV/c)².” European Physical Journal A 17, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 323–27. https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2002-10169-6.
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    • Tornow, W., E. M. Neidel, D. E. González Trotter, C. R. Howell, A. S. Crowell, R. A. Macri, R. L. Walter, et al. “Electromagnetic effects and the long-standing three-nucleon analyzing power puzzle.” Modern Physics Letters A 18, no. 2–6 (February 28, 2003): 258–61. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217732303010314.
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    • Tornow, W., N. G. Czakon, C. R. Howell, A. Hutcheson, J. H. Kelley, V. N. Litvinenko, S. Mikhailov, I. V. Pinayev, G. J. Weisel, and H. Witala. “Analyzing power for the photodisintegration of the deuteron between Eγ = 2.4 and 4.0 MEV.” Modern Physics Letters A 18, no. 2–6 (February 28, 2003): 282–85. https://doi.org/10.1142/S021773230301034X.
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    • Neidel, E. M., W. Tornow, D. E. González Trotter, C. R. Howell, A. S. Crowell, R. A. Macri, R. L. Walter, et al. “A new twist to the long-standing three-nucleon analyzing power puzzle.” Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High Energy Physics 552, no. 1–2 (January 16, 2003): 29–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03106-4.
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    • Churchwell, W Xu et al including S., D. Dutta, H. Gao, and C. R. Howell. “PWIA Extraction of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor from Quasi-Elastic 3He(e,e') at Q2=0.3 to 0.6 (GeV/c)2,.” Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003).
    • Gueorguiev, G. P., C. R. Howell, G. E. Mitchell, E. I. Sharapov, and W. Tornow. “Modeling fast neutron shielding for the direct nn-scattering experiment.” International Meeting on Nuclear Applications of Accelerator Technology: Accelerator Application in a Nuclear Renaissance, January 1, 2003, 53–58.
    • Madey, R., A. Y. Semenov, S. Taylor, B. Plaster, A. Aghalaryan, E. Crouse, G. MacLachlan, et al. “Measurements of G_Eⁿ/G_Mⁿ from the ²H(e^→, e′n^→)¹H Reaction to Q² = 1.45 (GeV/c)².” Physical Review Letters 91, no. 12 (2003): 1220021–25.
    • Nagadi, M. M., C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, G. J. Weisel, M. A. Al-Ohali, R. T. Braun, H. R. Setze, et al. “Dispersive optical-model and coupled-channels descriptions of neutron scattering from [Formula Presented] and [Formula Presented] up to [Formula Presented].” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 68, no. 4 (January 1, 2003). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044610.
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    • Nagadi, M. M., C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, G. J. Weisel, M. A. Al-Ohali, R. T. Braun, H. R. Setze, et al. “Dispersive optical-model and coupled-channels descriptions of neutron scattering from ²⁷Al and ⁵⁹Co up to 80 MeV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 68, no. 4 (2003): 446101–8.
    • Witała, H., J. Golak, R. Skibiński, C. R. Howell, and W. Tornow. “Effects of the magnetic moment interaction between nucleons on observables in the [Formula Presented] continuum.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 67, no. 6 (January 1, 2003). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.67.064002.
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    • Witała, H., J. Golak, R. Skibiński, C. R. Howell, and W. Tornow. “Effects of the magnetic moment interaction between nucleons on observables in the 3N continuum.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 67, no. 6 (2003): 640021–28.
    • Xu, W., B. Anderson, L. Auberbach, T. Averett, W. Bertozzi, T. Black, J. Calarco, et al. “Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron magnetic form factor from quasielastic ³He^→(e^→,e′) at Q² = 0.3 to 0.6 (GeV/c)².” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 67, no. 1 (2003): 122011–15.
    • Xu, W., B. Anderson, L. Auberbach, T. Averett, W. Bertozzi, T. Black, J. Calarco, et al. “Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron magnetic form factor from quasielastic [Formula Presented] at [Formula Presented] to [Formula Presented].” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2003). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.67.012201.
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    • Xu, W., B. Anderson, L. Auberbach, T. Averett, W. Bertozzi, T. Black, J. Calarco, et al. “Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron magnetic form factor from quasielastic ³He^→(e^→,e′) at Q² = 0.3 to 0.6 (GeV/c)².” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 122011–15.
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    • Xiong, F., D. Dutta, W. Xu, B. Anderson, L. Auberbach, T. Averett, W. Bertozzi, et al. “Precision measurement of the spin-dependent asymmetry in the threshold region of ³H→e(e→, e′).” Physical Review Letters 87, no. 24 (December 10, 2001): 2425011–15.
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    • Trotter, D. E. G., W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, and R. L. Walter. “Neutron–deuteron analyzing power at En=2.0 MeV.” Nuclear Physics A 684, no. 1–4 (March 12, 2001): 701–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00466-3.
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    • Zhou, Z., A. S. Crowell, J. Deng, W. Glöckle, C. R. Howell, H. Kamada, B. Qi, et al. “The space-star anomaly in nd breakup at 25 MeV.” Nuclear Physics A 684, no. 1–4 (March 12, 2001): 545–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00389-X.
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    • González Trotter, D. E., W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, and R. L. Walter. “Nucleon-Deuteron Analyzing Power at En = 2.0 MeV.” Nucl. Phys. A 684 (January 2001).
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    • Xu, W., D. Dutta, F. Xiong, B. Anderson, L. Auberbach, T. Averett, W. Bertozzi, et al. “Transverse asymmetry AT' from the quasielastic 3He(e,e') process and the neutron magnetic form factor..” Physical Review Letters 85, no. 14 (October 2000): 2900–2904. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.85.2900.
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    • Gao, J., B. D. Anderson, K. A. Aniol, L. Auerbach, F. T. Baker, J. Berthot, W. Bertozzi, et al. “Dynamical relativistic effects in quasielastic 1p-shell proton knockout from ¹⁶O.” Physical Review Letters 84, no. 15 (January 1, 2000): 3265–69. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3265.
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    • Howell, C. R., Q. Chen, D. E. G. Trotter, F. Salinas, T. S. Carman, A. S. Crowell, A. Hussein, et al. “Recent high-accuracy measurements of the S-1(0) neutron-neutron scattering length.” Edited by S. Oryu, M. Kamimura, and S. Ishikawa. Few Body Problems in Physics ’99 12 (January 1, 2000): 451–56.
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    • Jones, M. K., K. A. Aniol, F. T. Baker, J. Berthot, P. Y. Bertin, W. Bertozzi, A. Besson, et al. “G_Ep/G_Mp Ratio by Polarization Transfer in e^→p → ep^→.” Physical Review Letters 84, no. 7 (2000): 1398–1402.
    • Jones, M. K., K. A. Aniol, F. T. Baker, J. Berthot, P. Y. Bertin, W. Bertozzi, A. Besson, et al. “GEpGMpratio by polarization transfer in e^→p →ep^→.” Physical Review Letters 84, no. 7 (January 1, 2000): 1398–1402. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.1398.
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    • Jones, M. K., the JLab E93-027 Collaboration including C. R. Howell, and R. A. Macri. “GEp/GMp Ratio form 0.5 to 3.5 GeV2 by Polarization Transfer in ep --> e'p.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000).
    • Malov, S., K. Wijesooriya, F. T. Baker, L. Bimbot, E. J. Brash, C. C. Chang, J. M. Finn, et al. “Polarization transfer in the ¹⁶o(e→,e′p→)¹⁵n reaction.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 62, no. 5 (2000): 573021–25.
    • Malov, S., K. Wijesooriya, F. T. Baker, L. Bimbot, E. J. Brash, C. C. Chang, J. M. Finn, et al. “Polarization transfer in the [Formula Presented] reaction.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 62, no. 5 (January 1, 2000). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.62.057302.
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    • Malov, S., K. Wijesooriya, F. T. Baker, L. Bimbot, E. J. Brash, C. C. Chang, J. M. Finn, et al. “Polarization transfer in the ¹⁶o(e→,e′p→)¹⁵n reaction.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 62, no. 5 (January 1, 2000): 573021–25.
    • Schreiber, E. C., R. S. Canon, B. T. Crowley, C. R. Howell, J. H. Kelley, V. N. Litvinenko, S. O. Nelson, et al. “First Measurement of the Near-Threshold Analyzing Power Using a Free-Electron Laser Based g-Ray Source.” Phys. Rev. C 61 (2000).
    • Schreiber, E. C., R. S. Canon, B. T. Crowley, C. R. Howell, J. H. Kelley, V. N. Litvinenko, S. O. Nelson, et al. “First measurement of the near-threshold²H(γ^→,n)p analyzing power using a free-electron laser based γ-ray source.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 61, no. 6 (January 1, 2000): 616041–44.
    • Schreiber, E. C., R. S. Canon, B. T. Crowley, C. R. Howell, J. H. Kelley, V. N. Litvinenko, S. O. Nelson, et al. “First measurement of the near-threshold [Formula Presented] analyzing power using a free-electron laser based [Formula Presented]-ray source.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 61, no. 6 (January 1, 2000). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.61.061604.
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    • Xu, W., S Churchwell the JLab E95-001 Collaboration including H Gao, and C. R. Howell. “The Transverse Asymmetry A’T from Quasielastic Polarized Process and the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000).
    • Alexa, L. C., B. D. Anderson, K. A. Aniol, K. Arundell, L. Auerbach, F. T. Baker, J. Berthot, et al. “Measurements of the deuteron elastic structure function A(Q²) for 0.7 ≤ Q² ≤ 6.0(GeV/c)²at jefferson laboratory.” Physical Review Letters 82, no. 7 (January 1, 1999): 1374–78. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1374.
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    • Gonzalez Trotter, D. E., F. Salinas, Q. Chen, A. S. Crowell, W. Glöeckle, C. R. Howell, C. D. Roper, et al. “A new measurement of the 1S0 neutron-neutron scattering length using the neutron-proton scattering length as a standard.” Physical Review Letters 83, no. 19 (January 1, 1999): 3788–91. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.3788.
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    • Howell, C. R., Q. Chen, T. S. Carman, A. Hussein, W. R. Gibbs, B. F. Gibson, G. Mertens, et al. “Toward a resolution of the neutron-neutron scattering-length issue.” Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High Energy Physics 444, no. 3–4 (December 24, 1998): 252–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01386-0.
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    • Niculescu, I., R. Suleiman, R. Madey, T. Eden, B. D. Anderson, J. E. Anderson, O. K. Baker, et al. “Calibration of a Neutron Polarimeter to Measure the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron.” Ieee Transactions on Nuclear Science 45, no. 1 (December 1, 1998): 68–74. https://doi.org/10.1109/23.659556.
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    • Park, S. H., V. N. Litvinenko, B. Burnham, Y. Wu, J. M. J. Madey, R. S. Canon, C. R. Howell, et al. “OK-4/Duke monochromatic γ-ray source: Performance and prediction.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 407, no. 1–3 (April 21, 1998): 224–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01400-9.
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    • Howell, C. R., H. R. Setze, W. Tornowa, R. T. Braun, W. Glöckle, A. H. Hussein, J. M. Lambert, et al. “Implications of the space-star anomaly in nd breakup.” Nuclear Physics A 631 (March 2, 1998): 692–96.
    • Tornow, W., T. S. Carman, Q. Chen, W. R. Gibbs, B. F. Gibson, D. E. González Trotter, C. R. Howell, et al. “Scattering length measurements from radiative pion capture and neutron-deuteron breakup.” Nuclear Physics A 631 (March 2, 1998): 421–25.
    • Tornow, W., L. DeBraeckeleer, C. R. Howell, N. R. Roberson, R. L. Walter, and H. R. Weller. “Nuclear research at Duke [5].” Science 279, no. 5350 (January 23, 1998): 462–63.
    • Al-Ohali, M. A., A. Aksoy, A. Coban, J. M. Hanly, P. D. Felsher, C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, F. Salinas, and R. L. Walter. “Determination of the neutron detection efficiency of an NE213 scintillator for En = 2.5 to 16 MeV using the ²H(d, n)³He reaction.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 396, no. 3 (September 11, 1997): 388–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00701-8.
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    • Litvinenko, V. N., B. Burnham, M. Emamian, N. Hower, J. M. J. Madey, P. Morcombe, P. G. O’Shea, et al. “Stabilized Hollow Ions Extracted in Vacuum.” Physical Review Letters 78, no. 24 (June 16, 1997): 4569–72. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4569.
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    • Felsher, P. D., C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, M. L. Roberts, J. M. Hanly, G. J. Weisel, M. A. Ohali, et al. “Analyzing power measurements for the [Formula Presented] breakup reaction at 12 MeV.” Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics 56, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.56.38.
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    • Setze, H. R., C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, R. T. Braun, W. Glöckle, A. H. Hussein, J. M. Lambert, et al. “Verification of the space-star anomaly in nd breakup.” Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High Energy Physics 388, no. 2 (November 14, 1996): 229–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(96)01069-6.
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    • Weisel, G. J., W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, P. D. Felsher, M. Alohali, M. L. Roberts, R. K. Das, R. L. Walter, and G. Mertens. “Analyzing power measurements for 209Bi(n,n) at 6 and 9 MeV and consistent dispersive optical-model analyses for n+209Bi and n+208Pb from -20 to +80 MeV..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 54, no. 5 (November 1996): 2410–28. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.54.2410.
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    • Howell, C. R., H. R. Setze, R. T. Braun, D. E. Gonzalez Trotter, A. H. Hussein, C. D. Roper, F. Salinas, et al. “Probing the three-nucleon force using nucleon-deuteron breakup reactions.” Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 99, no. 1–4 (May 5, 1995): 316–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(94)00680-6.
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    • Clegg, T. B., H. J. Karwowski, S. K. Lemieux, R. W. Sayer, E. R. Crosson, W. M. Hooke, C. R. Howell, et al. “A new atomic beam polarized ion source for the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory: overview, operating experience, and performance.” Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A 357, no. 2–3 (April 21, 1995): 200–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)01078-1.
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    • Howell, C. R., W. Tornow, H. R. Setze, R. T. Braun, D. E. G. Trotter, C. D. Roper, R. S. Pedroni, et al. “Resolution of discrepancy between backward angle cross-section data for neutron-deuteron elastic scattering.” Few Body Systems 16, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 127–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01355285.
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    • Aksoy, A., A. Coban, A. A. Naqvi, F. Z. Khiari, J. M. Hanly, C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, P. D. Felsher, M. A. Al-Ohali, and R. L. Walter. “Response-function measurement of an NE213 scintillator using the ²H(d, n)³He reaction.” Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A 337, no. 2–3 (January 1, 1994): 486–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)91118-5.
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    • Chen, Z. M., K. Baird, C. R. Howell, M. L. Roberts, W. Tornow, and R. L. Walter. “Neutron scattering from ¹² C between 15.6 and 17.3 MeV.” Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 19, no. 6 (December 1, 1993): 877–87. https://doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/19/6/008.
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    • Howell, C. R., P. D. Felsher, W. Tornow, M. L. Roberts, J. M. Hanly, G. J. Weisel, G. J. Al Ohali M, et al. “Novel probe of charge symmetry breaking: Deuteron-induced deuteron breakup..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 48, no. 6 (December 1993): 2855–63. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.48.2855.
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    • Yang, X., L. Wang, J. Rapaport, C. D. Goodman, C. Foster, Y. Wang, W. Unkelbach, et al. “Dipole and spin-dipole resonances in charge-exchange reactions on 12C..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 48, no. 3 (September 1993): 1158–71. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.48.1158.
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    • Park, B. K., J. Rapaport, G. Fink, J. L. Ullmann, A. G. Ling, D. S. Sorenson, F. P. Brady, et al. “Energy dependence of multipole strength distributions in the 32S(n,p)32P reaction..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 48, no. 2 (August 1993): 711–22. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.48.711.
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    • Walter, R. L., G. J. Weisel, R. K. Das, W. Tornow, and C. R. Howell. “The dispersive optical model for n + ²⁰⁸Pb and n + ²⁰⁹Bi.” Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 79, no. 1–4 (June 2, 1993): 282–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(93)95344-5.
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    • Walter, R. L., G. J. Weisel, R. K. Das, W. Tornow, and C. R. Howell. “The dispersive optical model for n + ²⁰⁸Pb and n + ²⁰⁹Bi.” Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 79, no. 1–4 (1993): 282–85.
    • Weisel, G. J., W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, P. D. Felsher, M. AlOhali, Z. P. Chen, R. L. Walter, J. M. Lambert, P. A. Treado, and I. Slaus. “Neutron-proton analyzing power data between 7.6 and 18.5 MeV..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 46, no. 5 (November 1992): 1599–1606. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.46.1599.
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    • Knibloe, J. R., R. N. Wright, V. K. Sikka, R. H. Baldwin, and C. R. Howell. “Elevated-temperature behavior of fe3al with chromium additions.” Materials Science and Engineering a Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing 153, no. 1–2 (May 1992): 382–86.
    • Park, B. K., J. Rapaport, J. L. Ullmann, A. G. Ling, D. S. Sorenson, F. P. Brady, J. L. Romero, C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, and C. T. Rönnqvist. “Gamow-Teller and dipole strength distribution in 40Ca(n,p)40K reaction..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 45, no. 4 (April 1992): 1791–1802. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.45.1791.
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    • Sorenson, D. S., X. Aslanoglou, F. P. Brady, J. R. Drummond, R. C. Haight, C. R. Howell, N. S. King, et al. “Energy dependence of the Gamow-Teller strength in p-shell nuclei observed in the (n,p) reaction..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 45, no. 2 (February 1992): R500–503. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.45.r500.
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    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, R. L. Walter, and I. Slaus. “Coulomb effects in three-nucleon scattering versus charge-symmetry breaking in the 3P nucleon-nucleon interactions..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 45, no. 1 (January 1992): 459–62. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.45.459.
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    • Ling, A., X. Aslanoglou, F. P. Brady, R. W. Finlay, R. C. Haight, C. R. Howell, N. S. King, et al. “Ground-state Gamow-Teller strength in 64Ni(n,p)64Co cross sections at 90-240 MeV..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 44, no. 6 (December 1991): 2794–2800. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.44.2794.
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    • Roberts, M. L., P. D. Felsher, G. J. Weisel, Z. Chen, C. R. Howell, W. Tornow, R. L. Walter, and D. J. Horen. “Measurement of Ay( theta ) for n+208Pb from 6 to 10 MeV and the neutron-nucleus interaction over the energy range from bound states at -17 MeV up to scattering at 40 MeV..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 44, no. 5 (November 1991): 2006–24. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.44.2006.
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    • Sanders, P. G., V. K. Sikka, C. R. Howell, and R. H. Baldwin. “A processing method to reduce the environmental-effect in fe3al-based alloys.” Scripta Metallurgica Et Materialia 25, no. 10 (October 1991): 2365–69.
    • Howell, C. R., W. Tornow, H. G. Pfützner, M. L. Roberts, K. Murphy, P. D. Felsher, G. J. Weisel, et al. “Neutron-deuteron elastic scattering and breakup reactions below 20 MeV.” Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 56–57, no. PART 1 (May 1, 1991): 459–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(91)96070-2.
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    • Pedroni, R. S., R. C. Byrd, G. M. Honoré, C. R. Howell, and R. L. Walter. “Scattering of polarized and unpolarized neutrons from 93Nb from 8 to 17 MeV and optical model descriptions..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 43, no. 5 (May 1991): 2336–45. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.43.2336.
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    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, M. Alohali, Z. P. Chen, P. D. Felsher, J. M. Hanly, R. L. Walter, et al. “The low-energy neutron-deuteron analyzing power and the ³P0,1,2 interactions of nucleon-nucleon potentials.” Physics Letters B 257, no. 3–4 (March 28, 1991): 273–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(91)91892-Y.
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    • WEISEL, G. J., W. TORNOW, C. R. HOWELL, P. D. FELSHER, M. ALOHALI, Z. P. CHEN, R. L. WALTER, J. M. LAMBERT, and P. A. TREADO. “NEUTRON-PROTON ANALYZING POWER DATA AT 7.6, 12.0, 14.1, 16.0, 18.5 MEV.” Journal De Physique 51, no. 22 (November 15, 1990): C6515–18.
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    • Pedroni, R. S., C. R. Howell, and R. L. Walter. “Analyzing power measurements for elastic scattering of 17 MeV neutrons from 120Sn..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 41, no. 6 (June 1990): 2929–30. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.41.2929.
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    • Howell, C. R., W. Tornow, H. G. Pfützner, A. Li, M. L. Roberts, K. Murphy, P. D. Felsher, et al. “Techniques for vector analyzing power measurements of the ²H(n, np)n breakup reaction at low energies.” Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A 290, no. 2–3 (May 10, 1990): 424–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)90560-S.
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    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, and R. L. Walter. “Few-body physics investigated through polarized neutron experiments in A ≤ 3 systems at TUNL.” Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 40–41, no. PART 1 (April 2, 1989): 470–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(89)91023-9.
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    • Guss, P. P., R. C. Byrd, C. R. Howell, R. S. Pedroni, G. Tungate, R. L. Walter, and J. P. Delaroche. “Optical model description of the neutron interaction with 116Sn and 120Sn over a wide energy range..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 39, no. 2 (February 1989): 405–14. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.39.405.
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    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, H. G. Pfutzner, M. L. Roberts, P. D. Felsher, Z. M. Chen, M. Al Ohali, G. J. Weisel, R. L. Walter, and A. A. Naqvi. “Analysing power for¹²C(n,n0,1)¹²C and evaluation of n-¹²C scattering at 18.2 MeV.” Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics 14, no. 1 (December 1, 1988): 49–64. https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4616/14/1/009.
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    • Pedroni, R. S., C. R. Howell, G. M. Honoré, H. G. Pfutzner, R. C. Byrd, R. L. Walter, and J. P. Delaroche. “Energy dependence of the deformed optical potential for neutron scattering from 54,56Fe and 58,60Ni up to 80 MeV..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 38, no. 5 (November 1988): 2052–62. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.38.2052.
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    • Howell, C. R., R. S. Pedroni, G. M. Honoré, K. Murphy, R. C. Byrd, G. Tungate, and R. L. Walter. “Scattering of polarized and unpolarized nucleons from 28Si..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 38, no. 4 (October 1988): 1552–70. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.38.1552.
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    • Howell, C. R., W. Tornow, I. Slaus, P. D. Felsher, M. L. Roberts, H. G. Pfützner, A. Li, et al. “Rigorous calculations and measurements of Ay( theta ) for n+d elastic-scattering and breakup processes..” Physical Review Letters 61, no. 14 (October 1988): 1565–68. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.61.1565.
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    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, M. L. Roberts, P. D. Felsher, Z. M. Chen, R. L. Walter, G. Mertens, and I. Slaus. “Low-energy neutron-proton analyzing power and the new Bonn potential and Paris potential predictions..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 37, no. 6 (June 1988): 2326–31. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.37.2326.
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    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, H. G. Pfützner, M. L. Roberts, P. D. Felsher, Z. M. Chen, and R. L. Walter. “Search for a purported resonance in 13C at 20 MeV via analyzing power measurements of 12C(n,n)..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 35, no. 4 (April 1987): 1578–80. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.35.1578.
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    • Howell, C. R., W. Tornow, K. Murphy, H. G. Pfützner, M. L. Roberts, A. Li, P. D. Felsher, et al. “Comparisons of vector analyzing-power data and calculations for neutron-deuteron elastic scattering from 10 to 14 MeV.” Few Body Systems 2, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01078989.
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    • Honoré, G. M., R. S. Pedroni, C. R. Howell, H. G. Pfützner, R. C. Byrd, G. Tungate, and R. L. Walter. “Differential cross sections and analyzing powers for neutron elastic scattering from 89Y between 8 and 17 MeV..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 34, no. 3 (September 1986): 825–34. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.34.825.
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    • Honoré, G. M., W. Tornow, C. R. Howell, R. S. Pedroni, R. C. Byrd, R. L. Walter, and J. P. Delaroche. “Coupled-channel analysis of nucleon scattering from sup40Ca up to 80 MeV..” Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics 33, no. 4 (April 1986): 1129–40. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.33.1129.
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    • Guss, P. P., R. C. Byrd, C. E. Floyd, C. R. Howell, K. Murphy, G. Tungate, R. S. Pedroni, R. L. Walter, J. P. Delaroche, and T. B. Clegg. “Cross sections and analyzing powers for fast-neutron scattering to the ground and first excited states of ⁵⁸Ni and ⁶⁰Ni.” Nuclear Physics, Section A 438, no. 1 (May 13, 1985): 187–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(85)90124-1.
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    • Howell, C. R. “Simultaneous measurements of analyzing powers and differential cross sections for N+28Si.” Ieee Transactions on Nuclear Science 30, no. 2 (January 1, 1983): 1132–35. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.1983.4332471.
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    • Tornow, W., R. C. Byrd, C. R. Howell, R. S. Pedroni, and R. L. Walter. “Measurements of analyzing power for H2(n, n)H2 scattering at 14.1 MeV and comparisons to H2(p, p)H2.” Physical Review C 27, no. 5 (January 1, 1983): 2439–42. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.27.2439.
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    • Howell, C. R., and S. A. Wender. “A linear voltage ramp generator for a three stage bunching system.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods 195, no. 3 (April 15, 1982): 443–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-554X(82)90003-9.
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    • Dave, J. H., C. R. Gould, L. W. Seagondollar, C. R. Howell, R. S. Pedroni, F. O. Purser, and R. L. Walter. “NEUTRON ELASTIC AND INELASTIC SCATTERING CROSS SECTIONS FOR CARBON-13 BETWEEN 10 AND 18 Mev..” Nuclear Science and Engineering 80, no. 3 (January 1, 1982): 388–92. https://doi.org/10.13182/NSE82-A19823.
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    • Floyd, C. E., P. P. Guss, K. Murphy, C. R. Howell, R. C. Byrd, G. Tungate, S. A. Wender, R. L. Walter, and T. B. Clegg. “Analyzing powers for neutron elastic scattering at forward angles.” Physical Review C 25, no. 3 (January 1, 1982): 1682–84. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.25.1682.
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    • Guss, P. P., C. E. Floyd, K. Murphy, C. R. Howell, R. S. Pedroni, G. M. Honore, H. G. Pfutzner, et al. “Spin-orbit deformations deduced from analyzing powers for inelastic neutron scattering from Fe54, Fe56, Ni58, Ni60, Sn120, and Pb208.” Physical Review C 25, no. 5 (January 1, 1982): 2854–57. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.25.2854.
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    • Howell, C. R., and R. L. Walter. “SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENTS OF ANALYZING POWERS AND DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS FOR n plus **2**8Si..” Ieee Transactions on Nuclear Science NS-30, no. 2 (1982): 1132–35.
    • Tornow, W., C. R. Howell, R. C. Byrd, R. S. Pedroni, and R. L. Walter. “Analyzing power measurements for (H2(npol,n)H2) scattering at 10 MeV compared to few-nucleon calculations and data for (H2(ppol,p)H2) scattering.” Physical Review Letters 49, no. 5 (January 1, 1982): 312–15. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.312.
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    • DAVE, J. H., C. R. GOULD, L. W. SEAGONDOLLAR, S. G. GLENDENNING, C. R. HOWELL, R. S. PEDRONI, F. O. PURSER, and R. L. WALTER. “NEUTRON ELASTIC-SCATTERING FROM 1P-SHELL NUCLEI BETWEEN 10-15 MEV.” Bulletin of the American Physical Society 26, no. 4 (January 1, 1981): 551–551.
       Link to Item
    • FLOYD, C. E., P. P. GUSS, G. TUNGATE, R. C. BYRD, K. MURPHY, C. R. HOWELL, S. A. WENDER, and R. L. WALTER. “ACCURATE FORWARD ANGLE MEASUREMENTS WITH POLAR NEUTRONS.” Bulletin of the American Physical Society 26, no. 4 (January 1, 1981): 623–24.
       Link to Item

  • Conference Papers

    • Friesen, F. Q. L., M. W. Ahmed, B. J. Crowe, A. S. Crowell, L. C. Cumberbatch, B. Fallin, Z. Han, et al. “Design of an Experiment to Measure a nn Using ³ H (γ, pn) n at HIγS.” In Epj Web of Conferences, Vol. 113, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611308007.
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    • Han, Z., F. Q. L. Friesen, C. R. Howell, M. W. Ahmed, B. J. Crowe, A. S. Crowell, L. C. Cumberbatch, et al. “Monte-Carlo Simulation of ³H(γ, pn) n and ³He(γ, pp) n Experiments at HI γs.” In Epj Web of Conferences, Vol. 113, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611308009.
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    • Howell, C. R., W. Tornow, and H. Witała. “Few-Nucleon Research at TUNL: Probing Two- and Three-Nucleon Interactions with Neutrons.” In Epj Web of Conferences, Vol. 113, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611304008.
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    • Malone, R. C., B. Crowe, A. S. Crowell, L. C. Cumberbatch, J. H. Esterline, B. A. Fallin, F. Q. L. Friesen, et al. “Neutron-neutron quasifree scattering in nd breakup at 10 MeV.” In Epj Web of Conferences, Vol. 113, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611304010.
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    • Seo, P. N., D. G. Crabb, R. Duve, B. Norum, S. Tkachenko, C. R. Howell, H. R. Weller, R. Miskimen, and M. Ahmed. “Frozen spin target system for high intensive gamma-ray source at DFELL of TUNL.” In Proceedings of Science, Vol. 09-13-September-2013, 2014.
    • Weisel, G. J., W. Tornow, A. S. Crowell, J. H. Esterline, G. M. Hale, C. R. Howell, P. D. O’Malley, J. R. Tompkins, and H. Witała. “Neutron-deuteron analyzing power data at En=22.5 MeV.” In Physical Review C  Nuclear Physics, Vol. 89, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.89.054001.
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    • Kapadia, A., G. Agasthya, L. Cumberbatch, and C. Howell. “SU‐GG‐I‐159: In‐Vivo Iron Measurement through Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence.” In Medical Physics, Vol. 37, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.3468195.
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    • Brady, S., R. Gunasingha, C. Howell, A. Crowell, B. Fallin, and T. Yoshizumi. “SU‐FF‐T‐372: Novel Neutron Dosimetry Using Radiochromic Films for 10 MeV Neutrons.” In Medical Physics, Vol. 36, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.3181853.
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    • Gunasingha, R., C. Howell, A. Crowell, B. Fallin, T. Yoshizumi, H. Song, A. Tonchev, S. Brady, and C. Anderson‐evans. “SU‐FF‐T‐436: Comparison of Neutron Doses to a Water Target Exposed to a 10 MeV Neutron Beam: Foil Activation Method Vs. Monte Carlo Simulations.” In Medical Physics, 36:2622–23, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.3181918.
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    • Tonchev, A. P., C. Angell, M. Boswell, C. R. Howell, H. J. Karwowski, J. H. Kelley, W. Tornow, and N. Tsoneva. “Missing dipole excitation strength below the particle threshold.” In Proceedings of Science, Vol. 44, 2007.
    • Howell, C. R. “Results from Indirect Measurements of the ¹S0 Neutron-Neutron Scattering Length.” In Aip Conference Proceedings, 680:283–87, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1619717.
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    • Sharapov, E. I., C. D. Bowman, B. E. Crawford, W. I. Furman, C. R. Howell, B. G. Levakov, V. I. Litvin, et al. “Direct Measurement of Neutron-Neutron Scattering.” In Aip Conference Proceedings, 680:261–64, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1619711.
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• Teaching & Mentoring
• 

  Recent Courses

  • PHYSICS 139S: Physics and Society: Nuclear Energy 2019
  • PHYSICS 142L9D: General Physics II (Discussion) 2019
  • PHYSICS 142L: General Physics II 2019
  • PHYSICS 142L9: General Physics II (LAB) 2017
  • PHYSICS 361: Intermediate Mechanics 2017
  • PHYSICS 493: Research Independent Study 2017
• Scholarly, Clinical, & Service Activities
• 

  Presentations & Appearances

  • HIGS2: Facility and Research Opportunities. August 1, 2013  2013
  • Collaborative Research: ARI-MA: Nuclear Data Measurements Using Gamma Rays. July 1, 2013  2013
  • HIGS2: Facility and Research. July 1, 2013  2013
  • Photo-Induced Precision Cross-Section Measurements on Actinide Nuclei using Monoenergetic and Polarized Photon Beams. June 1, 2013  2013
  • Measuring the Dynamical Responses of Plants to Changes in Environmental Conditions Using Radioactive Isotopes. April 1, 2013  2013
  • STEM: A Call to Service. April 1, 2013  2013
  • STEM: A Call to Service. March 1, 2013  2013
  • What is the Value of Curiosity-Motivated Research?. March 1, 2013  2013
  • Neutron-Deuteron Breakup: A Probe of the Neutron-Neutron Interaction. August 1, 2012  2012
  • Nuclear Data Measurements Using Gamma Rays and Radiation Detector Development. July 1, 2012  2012
  • My Personal Path and Research. February 1, 2012  2012
  • Measuring Plant-Environment Feedback Dynamics for Resource Allocation Using Short-lived Radioisotopes. November 1, 2011  2011
  • Nuclear Data Measurements on Actinides Using the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source. April 13, 2010  2010
  • Measuring Dynamical Responses of Plants to Environment Change Using Short-lived Radioisotope. October 1, 2008  2008
  • Measurements of Few-Nucleon Reactions at HIGS_x000B_. August 1, 2008  2008
• 

  Outreach & Engaged Scholarship

  • Unknown. Physical Review Editorial Board. January 1, 2012 - December 31, 2014  2012 - 2014
  • Vice-Chair. Officer of the APS Few-Body Topical Group. October 1, 2010  2010
  • Member. DOE NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellow Selection Committee. January 2010 - March 15, 2011  2010 - 2011
• 

  Service to the Profession

  • Member : NSF REU panel for review of the Physics REU proposals. September 20, 2012 - November 10, 2012  2012
  • member of review panel : Site Review of Department of Energy Cener of Excellence. September 30, 2009 - October 1, 2009  2009

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