John Hunter Peel Alexander

John Hunter Peel Alexander
Professor of Medicine

John H. Alexander, MD, MHS is a cardiologist and Professor of Medicine in the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology at Duke University School of Medicine, as well as the Vice Chief, Clinical Research in the Division of Cardiology. He is the Director of Cardiovascular Research at the Duke Clinical Research Institute where he oversees a large group of clinical research faculty and a broad portfolio of cardiovascular clinical trials and observational clinical research programs. He is a member of the American Society of Clinical Investigation.

Dr. Alexander’s clinical interests are in acute and general cardiovascular disease, valvular heart disease, and echocardiology. His research is focused on the translation of novel therapeutic concepts into clinical data through clinical trials, specifically on the therapeutics of acute coronary syndromes, chronic coronary artery disease, and cardiac surgery and on novel methodological approaches to clinical trials. He was on the Executive Committee of the ARISTOTLE trial of apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation and was the Principal Investigator of the APPRAISE-2 trial of apixaban in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

Dr. Alexander has published extensively and has served as the principal investigator of numerous multicenter clinical trials. He currently serves as the co-chair of the Clinical Trial Transformation Initiative (CTTI).

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 2014
Member in the Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Institutes and Centers 1996

Contact Information

200 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701
Duke Box 17969, Durham, NC 27715
john.h.alexander@duke.edu (919) 668-8955
DCRI Profile
Department of Medicine (Cardiology) Profile

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Fellow in Cardiology, Medicine, Duke University 1996 - 2000
- Medical Resident, Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston 1993 - 1996
- M.D., University of Pennsylvania 1993
Duke Appointment History
- Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 2010 - 2014
- Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 2006 - 2010
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 2000 - 2006
Recognition
In the News
- MAR 20, 2017 Duke Health News
  
  Drug Could Reduce Serious Complication in Cardiac Bypass Patients
Expertise
Subject Headings
Global Scholarship
- Expertise
  - United States of America (Country)
- Research
  - United States of America (Country)
Research
Selected Grants
- Increasing the Quality and Efficiency of Clinical Trials (U18) awarded by Food and Drug Administration 2014 - 2024
- Postdoctoral Training in Cardiovascular Clinical Research awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2024
- CSL112_STEMI awarded by CSL Behring LLC 2017 - 2022
- Duke Resident Physician-Scientist Program- NHLBI awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2022
- Myocardial Ischemia and Transfusion (MINT) Steering Committee awarded by Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 2016 - 2022
- ClotChip awarded by XaTek Inc. 2020 - 2022
- Core Clinical Centers for the CTSN awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2018
- Genetics Myocardial Adverse Outcomes/Graft Failure-CABG (Gene-Magic) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2011
External Relationships
- AbbVie Pharmaceuticals
- Akros Medical
- Atricure
- Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- CryoLife
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Inositec
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals (Johnson & Johnson)
- Pfizer
- Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Lopes, Renato D., Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros E Silva, Remo H. M. Furtado, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Macedo, Eduardo Ramacciotti, Lucas Petri Damini, Bruna Bronhara, et al. “Randomized clinical trial to evaluate a routine full anticoagulation Strategy in Patients with Coronavirus Infection (SARS-CoV2) admitted to hospital: Rationale and design of the ACTION (AntiCoagulaTlon cOroNavirus)-Coalition IV trial.” Am Heart J 238 (August 2021): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2021.04.005.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros E Silva, Remo H. M. Furtado, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Macedo, Bruna Bronhara, Lucas Petri Damiani, Lilian Mazza Barbosa, et al. “Therapeutic versus prophylactic anticoagulation for patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 and elevated D-dimer concentration (ACTION): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.” Lancet 397, no. 10291 (June 12, 2021): 2253–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01203-4.
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  - Carnicelli, Anthony P., Sana M. Al-Khatib, Denis Xavier, Frederik Dalgaard, Peter D. Merrill, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Basil S. Lewis, et al. “Premature permanent discontinuation of apixaban or warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation.” Heart 107, no. 9 (May 2021): 713–20. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317229.
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  - Gaudino, Mario, Antonino Di Franco, Deepak L. Bhatt, John H. Alexander, Antonio Abbate, Lorenzo Azzalini, Sigrid Sandner, et al. “The association between coronary graft patency and clinical status in patients with coronary artery disease.” Eur Heart J 42, no. 14 (April 7, 2021): 1433–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehab096.
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  - Hijazi, Ziad, John H. Alexander, Zhuokai Li, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Roxana Mehran, Christopher B. Granger, Alexander Parkhomenko, et al. “Apixaban or Vitamin K Antagonists and Aspirin or Placebo According to Kidney Function in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation After Acute Coronary Syndrome or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From the AUGUSTUS Trial.” Circulation 143, no. 12 (March 23, 2021): 1215–23. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.051020.
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  - Al-Khatib, Sana M., Hillary Mulder, Daniel Wojdyla, Renato D. Lopes, Lars Wallentin, John H. Alexander, Ziad Hijazi, Shinya Goto, and Christopher B. Granger. “Apixaban Versus Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Insights From the ARISTOTLE Trial.” Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 14, no. 3 (March 2021): e009614. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.120.009614.
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  - Al-Khatib, Sana M., Hillary Mulder, Daniel Wojdyla, Renato D. Lopes, Lars Wallentin, John H. Alexander, Ziad Hijazi, Shinya Goto, and Christopher B. Granger. “Apixaban Versus Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.” Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology 14, no. 3 (March 2021). https://doi.org/10.1161/circep.120.009614.
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  - Carnicelli, Anthony P., Hwanhee Hong, Robert P. Giugliano, Stuart J. Connolly, John Eikelboom, Manesh R. Patel, Lars Wallentin, et al. “Individual Patient Data from the Pivotal Randomized Controlled Trials of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (COMBINE AF): Design and Rationale: From the COMBINE AF (A Collaboration between Multiple institutions to Better Investigate Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant use in Atrial Fibrillation) Investigators.” Am Heart J 233 (March 2021): 48–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.12.002.
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  - Pol, Tymon, Ziad Hijazi, Johan Lindbäck, John H. Alexander, M Cecilia Bahit, Raffaele De Caterina, J. W. Eikelboom, et al. “Evaluation of the prognostic value of GDF-15, ABC-AF-bleeding score and ABC-AF-death score in patients with atrial fibrillation across different geographical areas.” Open Heart 8, no. 1 (March 2021). https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2020-001471.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Amit N. Vora, and John H. Alexander. “Antithrombotic Strategies in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention-Reply.” Jama Cardiol 6, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 241. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.4759.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Ariane V. S. Macedo, Pedro G. M. de Barros E Silva, Renata J. Moll-Bernardes, Tiago M. Dos Santos, Lilian Mazza, André Feldman, et al. “Effect of Discontinuing vs Continuing Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers on Days Alive and Out of the Hospital in Patients Admitted With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” Jama 325, no. 3 (January 19, 2021): 254–64. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.25864.
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  - Alexander, John H. “Preventing Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery: What Matters Most.” J Am Coll Cardiol 77, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 68–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.10.050.
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  - Gibson, C Michael, John J. P. Kastelein, Adam T. Phillips, Philip E. Aylward, Megan K. Yee, Michal Tendera, Stephen J. Nicholls, et al. “Rationale and design of ApoA-I Event Reducing in Ischemic Syndromes II (AEGIS-II): A phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study to investigate the efficacy and safety of CSL112 in subjects after acute myocardial infarction.” Am Heart J 231 (January 2021): 121–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.10.052.
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  - Jawitz, Oliver K., Amanda S. Stebbins, Vignesh Raman, Brooke Alhanti, Sean van Diepen, Matthias Heringlake, Stephen Fremes, et al. “Association between levosimendan, postoperative AKI, and mortality in cardiac surgery: Insights from the LEVO-CTS trial.” Am Heart J 231 (January 2021): 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.10.066.
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  - Wanner, Christoph, Mark E. Cooper, Odd Erik Johansen, Robert Toto, Julio Rosenstock, Darren K. McGuire, Steven E. Kahn, et al. “Effect of linagliptin versus placebo on cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in nephrotic-range proteinuria and type 2 diabetes: the CARMELINA randomized controlled trial.” Clin Kidney J 14, no. 1 (January 2021): 226–36. https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfaa225.
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  - De Caterina, Raffaele, Giuseppe Patti, Johan Westerbergh, John Horowitz, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Basil S. Lewis, Renato D. Lopes, et al. “Heterogeneity of diabetes as a risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: an analysis of the ARISTOTLE trial.” Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother, December 28, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa140.
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  - Hijazi, Ziad, Lars Wallentin, Johan Lindbäck, John H. Alexander, Stuart J. Connolly, John W. Eikelboom, Michael D. Ezekowitz, et al. “Screening of Multiple Biomarkers Associated With Ischemic Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation.” J Am Heart Assoc 9, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): e018984. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.018984.
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  - Dalgaard, Frederik, Haolin Xu, Roland A. Matsouaka, Andrea M. Russo, Anne B. Curtis, Peter Vibe Rasmussen, Martin H. Ruwald, et al. “Management of Atrial Fibrillation in Older Patients by Morbidity Burden: Insights From Get With The Guidelines-Atrial Fibrillation.” J Am Heart Assoc 9, no. 23 (December 2020): e017024. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.017024.
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  - Guimarães, Helio P., Renato D. Lopes, Pedro G. M. de Barros E Silva, Idelzuita L. Liporace, Roney O. Sampaio, Flávio Tarasoutchi, Conrado R. Hoffmann-Filho, et al. “Rivaroxaban in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and a Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve.” N Engl J Med 383, no. 22 (November 26, 2020): 2117–26. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2029603.
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  - Alexander, John H., and Peter K. Smith. “Are We At Risk of Depriving Patients Lifesaving Cardiac Surgery?: Implications of the ISCHEMIA Trial for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.” Circulation 142, no. 19 (November 10, 2020): 1797–98. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050524.
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  - Gaudino, Mario, John H. Alexander, Natalia Egorova, Paul Kurlansky, Andre Lamy, Faisal Bakaeen, Irbaz Hameed, et al. “Sex-related differences in outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery-A patient-level pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials: rationale and study protocol.” J Card Surg 35, no. 10 (October 2020): 2754–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocs.14903.
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  - Jawitz, Oliver K., Morgan L. Cox, David Ranney, Judson B. Williams, Hillary Mulder, Mario F. L. Gaudino, Stephen Fremes, et al. “Outcomes following revascularization with radial artery bypass grafts: Insights from the PREVENT-IV trial.” Am Heart J 228 (October 2020): 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.08.001.
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  - Hijazi, Ziad, Christopher B. Granger, Stefan H. Hohnloser, Johan Westerbergh, Johan Lindbäck, John H. Alexander, Matyas Keltai, et al. “Association of Different Estimates of Renal Function With Cardiovascular Mortality and Bleeding in Atrial Fibrillation.” J Am Heart Assoc 9, no. 18 (September 15, 2020): e017155. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.017155.
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  - Aulin, Julia, Ziad Hijazi, Agneta Siegbahn, Ulrika Andersson, John H. Alexander, Stuart J. Connolly, Michael D. Ezekowitz, et al. “Serial measurement of interleukin-6 and risk of mortality in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: Insights from ARISTOTLE and RE-LY trials.” J Thromb Haemost 18, no. 9 (September 2020): 2287–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14947.
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  - Hijazi, Ziad, Jonas Oldgren, Johan Lindbäck, John H. Alexander, Marco Alings, Raffaele De Caterina, John W. Eikelboom, et al. “Evaluation of the Age, Biomarkers, and Clinical History-Bleeding Risk Score in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation With Combined Aspirin and Anticoagulation Therapy Enrolled in the ARISTOTLE and RE-LY Trials.” Jama Netw Open 3, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): e2015943. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.15943.
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  - Jawitz, Oliver K., Tracy Y. Wang, Renato D. Lopes, Alma Chavez, Brittanny Boyer, Hwasoon Kim, Kevin J. Anstrom, et al. “Rationale and design of PROACT Xa: A randomized, multicenter, open-label, clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apixaban versus warfarin in patients with a mechanical On-X Aortic Heart Valve.” Am Heart J 227 (September 2020): 91–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.06.014.
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  - Fanaroff, Alexander C., Robert M. Califf, Robert A. Harrington, Christopher B. Granger, John J. V. McMurray, Manesh R. Patel, Deepak L. Bhatt, et al. “Randomized Trials Versus Common Sense and Clinical Observation: JACC Review Topic of the Week.” J Am Coll Cardiol 76, no. 5 (August 4, 2020): 580–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.05.069.
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  - Berglund, Erik, Lars Wallentin, Jonas Oldgren, Henrik Renlund, John H. Alexander, Christopher B. Granger, Stefan H. Hohnloser, et al. “Effects of apixaban compared with warfarin as gain in event-free time - a novel assessment of the results of the ARISTOTLE trial.” Eur J Prev Cardiol 27, no. 12 (August 2020): 1311–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319886959.
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  - Diepen, Sean van, Judith S. Hochman, Amanda Stebbins, Carlos L. Alviar, John H. Alexander, and Renato D. Lopes. “Association Between Delays in Mechanical Ventilation Initiation and Mortality in Patients With Refractory Cardiogenic Shock.” Jama Cardiol 5, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 965–67. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1274.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Macedo, Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros E Silva, Renata Junqueira Moll-Bernardes, Andre Feldman, Guilherme D’Andréa Saba Arruda, Andrea Silvestre de Souza, et al. “Continuing versus suspending angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: Impact on adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)--The BRACE CORONA Trial.” Am Heart J 226 (August 2020): 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.05.002.
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  - Perkovic, Vlado, Robert Toto, Mark E. Cooper, Johannes F. E. Mann, Julio Rosenstock, Darren K. McGuire, Steven E. Kahn, et al. “Effects of Linagliptin on Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes in People With Normal and Reduced Kidney Function: Secondary Analysis of the CARMELINA Randomized Trial.” Diabetes Care 43, no. 8 (August 2020): 1803–12. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0279.
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  - Røsjø, H., Z. Hijazi, T. Omland, J. Westerbergh, M. N. Lyngbakken, J. H. Alexander, B. J. Gersh, et al. “Cardiac troponin is associated with cardiac outcomes in men and women with atrial fibrillation, insights from the ARISTOTLE trial.” J Intern Med 288, no. 2 (August 2020): 248–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13072.
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  - Sullivan, Alexander E., Michael G. Nanna, Sunil V. Rao, Sarah Cantrell, C Michael Gibson, Freek W. A. Verheugt, Eric D. Peterson, et al. “A systematic review of randomized trials comparing double versus triple antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.” Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 96, no. 2 (August 2020): E102–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.28535.
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  - Marquis-Gravel, Guillaume, Frederik Dalgaard, Aaron D. Jones, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Stefan K. James, Robert A. Harrington, Lars Wallentin, et al. “Post-Discharge Bleeding and Mortality Following Acute Coronary Syndromes With or Without PCI.” J Am Coll Cardiol 76, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 162–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.05.031.
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  - Zeitouni, Michel, Anna Giczewska, and John H. Alexander. “Reply: Specifics of Dose Modification in ARISTOTLE.” J Am Coll Cardiol 76, no. 1 (July 7, 2020): 128–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.05.013.
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  - Diepen, Sean van, Rajendra H. Mehta, Jeffrey D. Leimberger, Shaun G. Goodman, Stephen Fremes, Rachael Jankowich, Matthias Heringlake, et al. “Levosimendan in patients with reduced left ventricular function undergoing isolated coronary or valve surgery.” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 159, no. 6 (June 2020): 2302-2309.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.06.020.
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  - Alexander, John H., Daniel Wojdyla, Amit N. Vora, Laine Thomas, Christopher B. Granger, Shaun G. Goodman, Ronald Aronson, Stephan Windecker, Roxana Mehran, and Renato D. Lopes. “Risk/Benefit Tradeoff of Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Early and Late After an Acute Coronary Syndrome or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From AUGUSTUS.” Circulation 141, no. 20 (May 19, 2020): 1618–27. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046534.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Macedo, Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros E Silva, Renata Junqueira Moll-Bernardes, Andre Feldman, Guilherme D’Andréa Saba Arruda, Andrea Silvestre de Souza, et al. “Continuing versus suspending angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: Impact on adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).” Am Heart J, May 13, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.05.002.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Hwanhee Hong, Ralf E. Harskamp, Deepak L. Bhatt, Roxana Mehran, Christopher P. Cannon, Christopher B. Granger, et al. “Optimal Antithrombotic Regimens for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: An Updated Network Meta-analysis.” Jama Cardiol 5, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 582–89. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.6175.
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  - Marquis-Gravel, Guillaume, Zhen Huang, Steven L. Zelenkofske, A Michael Lincoff, Roxana Mehran, P Gabriel Steg, Christoph Bode, John H. Alexander, and Thomas J. Povsic. “Interplay between PCI access site, anticoagulant agent, and bleeding: Insights from the REGULATE-PCI randomized trial.” Am Heart J 223 (May 2020): 84–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.02.013.
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  - Stanifer, John W., Sean D. Pokorney, Glenn M. Chertow, Stefan H. Hohnloser, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Samira Garonzik, Wonkyung Byon, et al. “Apixaban Versus Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.” Circulation 141, no. 17 (April 28, 2020): 1384–92. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044059.
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  - Inagaki, Nobuya, Wenying Yang, Hirotaka Watada, Linong Ji, Sven Schnaidt, Egon Pfarr, Tomoo Okamura, et al. “Linagliptin and cardiorenal outcomes in Asians with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular and/or kidney disease: subgroup analysis of the randomized CARMELINA® trial.” Diabetol Int 11, no. 2 (April 2020): 129–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-019-00412-x.
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  - Gelijns, Annetine C., Alan J. Moskowitz, Patrick T. O’Gara, Gennaro Giustino, Michael J. Mack, Donna M. Mancini, Emilia Bagiella, et al. “Transcatheter mitral valve repair for functional mitral regurgitation: Evaluating the evidence.” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, March 21, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.02.132.
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  - Zeitouni, Michel, Anna Giczewska, Renato D. Lopes, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Christina Christersson, Agneta Siegbahn, Raffaele De Caterina, et al. “Clinical and Pharmacological Effects of Apixaban Dose Adjustment in the ARISTOTLE Trial.” J Am Coll Cardiol 75, no. 10 (March 17, 2020): 1145–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.060.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Sergio Leonardi, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Amit N. Vora, Laine Thomas, Robert F. Storey, Dragos Vinereanu, et al. “Stent Thrombosis in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Coronary Stenting in the AUGUSTUS Trial.” Circulation 141, no. 9 (March 3, 2020): 781–83. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044584.
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  - Bahit, M Cecilia, Christopher B. Granger, John H. Alexander, Hillary Mulder, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Michael Hanna, Shinya Goto, et al. “Regional variation in clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: Findings from the ARISTOTLE trial.” Int J Cardiol 302 (March 1, 2020): 53–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.12.060.
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  - Garcia, David A., Deborah A. Fisher, Hillary Mulder, Lisa Wruck, Raffele De Caterina, Sigrun Halvorsen, Christopher B. Granger, et al. “Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with Apixaban or warfarin: Insights from the Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) trial.” Am Heart J 221 (March 2020): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.10.013.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Pedro G. M. de Barros E Silva, Lucas Petri Damiani, Renato Hideo Nakagawa Santos, John H. Alexander, Christopher B. Granger, and Otavio Berwanger. “Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events After 12 Months Among Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Receiving Loading Doses of Atorvastatin Prior to Planned PCI.” Jama 323, no. 8 (February 25, 2020): 787–89. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.0118.
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  - Dalgaard, Frederik, Hillary Mulder, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Renato D. Lopes, Claes Held, John H. Alexander, Raffaele De Caterina, et al. “Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Taking Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Oral Anticoagulants in the ARISTOTLE Trial.” Circulation 141, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 10–20. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.041296.
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  - Harskamp, Ralf E., John H. Alexander, and Renato D. Lopes. “Clinical Considerations Prior to Transition From Triple Antithrombotic Therapy to Dual Antithrombotic Therapy-Reply.” Jama Cardiol 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 111–12. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4551.
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  - Lopes, Renato D., Hwanhee Hong, and John H. Alexander. “Antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndrome and/or percutaneous coronary intervention in atrial fibrillation: finding the sweet spot.” Eur Heart J 40, no. 46 (December 7, 2019): 3768–70. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz823.
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  - Vora, Amit N., John H. Alexander, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Ronald Aronson, Christopher B. Granger, Harald Darius, Stephan Windecker, et al. “Hospitalization Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and a Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Treated With Apixaban or Aspirin: Insights From the AUGUSTUS Trial.” Circulation 140, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 1960–63. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043754.
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  - Windecker, Stephan, Renato D. Lopes, Tyler Massaro, Charlotte Jones-Burton, Christopher B. Granger, Ronald Aronson, Gretchen Heizer, et al. “Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Acute Coronary Syndrome Treated Medically or With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From the AUGUSTUS Trial.” Circulation 140, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 1921–32. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043308.
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  - Brennan, J Matthew, Lisa Wruck, Michael J. Pencina, Robert M. Clare, Renato D. Lopes, John H. Alexander, Sean O’Brien, et al. “Claims-based cardiovascular outcome identification for clinical research: Results from 7 large randomized cardiovascular clinical trials.” Am Heart J 218 (December 2019): 110–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.002.
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  - Nelson, Adam J., and John H. Alexander. “Anticoagulation-Related Major Bleeding in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Looking Behind the Curtain.” Circulation 140, no. 22 (November 26, 2019): 1802–4. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043318.
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  - Goldstein, Sarah A., Jennifer Green, Kurt Huber, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Renato D. Lopes, John H. Alexander, Dragos Vinereanu, Lars Wallentin, Christopher B. Granger, and Sana M. Al-Khatib. “Characteristics and Outcomes of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Thyroid Disease (from the ARISTOTLE Trial).” Am J Cardiol 124, no. 9 (November 1, 2019): 1406–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.07.046.
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  - Washam, Jeffrey B., Stefan H. Hohnloser, Renato D. Lopes, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Dragos Vinereanu, John H. Alexander, Bernard J. Gersh, et al. “Interacting medication use and the treatment effects of apixaban versus warfarin: results from the ARISTOTLE Trial.” J Thromb Thrombolysis 47, no. 3 (April 2019): 345–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-019-01823-y.
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  - Ranney, David N., Judson B. Williams, Hillary Mulder, Daniel Wojdyla, Morgan L. Cox, C Michael Gibson, Michael J. Mack, Mani A. Daneshmand, John H. Alexander, and Renato D. Lopes. “Comparison of Outcomes and Frequency of Graft Failure With Use of Free Versus In Situ Internal Mammary Artery Bypass Conduits (from the PREVENT IV Trial).” Am J Cardiol 123, no. 4 (February 15, 2019): 571–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.11.029.
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  - Horowitz, John D., Raffaele De Caterina, Tamila Heresztyn, John H. Alexander, Ulrika Andersson, Renato D. Lopes, Philippe Gabriel Steg, et al. “Asymmetric and Symmetric Dimethylarginine Predict Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: An ARISTOTLE Substudy.” J Am Coll Cardiol 72, no. 7 (August 14, 2018): 721–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.05.058.
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  - Wang, Alice, Angie Wu, Daniel Wojdyla, Renato D. Lopes, L Kristin Newby, Mark F. Newman, Peter K. Smith, and John H. Alexander. “Dual antiplatelet therapy for perioperative myocardial infarction following CABG surgery.” Am Heart J 199 (May 2018): 150–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2018.02.006.
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  - Pol, Tymon, Claes Held, Johan Westerbergh, Johan Lindbäck, John H. Alexander, Marco Alings, Cetin Erol, et al. “Dyslipidemia and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Treated With Oral Anticoagulation Therapy: Insights From the ARISTOTLE (Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation) Trial.” J Am Heart Assoc 7, no. 3 (February 1, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.117.007444.
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  - Becker, Richard C., John Alexander, Christopher K. Dyke, and Robert A. Harrington. “Development of DX-9065a, a novel direct factor Xa antagonist, in cardiovascular disease.” Thromb Haemost 92, no. 6 (December 2004): 1182–93. https://doi.org/10.1160/TH04-05-0289.
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  - Becker, Richard C., John Alexander, You Fu Li, Edwin Bovill, Frederick A. Spencer, Thomas L. Robertson, Satoshi Kunitada, Christopher K. Dyke, and Robert A. Harrington. “Combined coagulation phase-directed factor Xa inhibition with heparin compounds and DX-9065a - a direct and selective antagonist.” Thromb Haemost 92, no. 6 (December 2004): 1229–31.
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  - Becker, Richard C., John H. Alexander, Youfu Li, Thomas Robertson, Satoshi Kunitada, Frederick A. Spencer, Hongqiu Yang, and Robert A. Harrington. “Vascular endothelial tissue factor pathway inhibitor kinetics in culture following exposure to DX-9065a--a selective and direct factor Xa inhibitor.” J Thromb Thrombolysis 18, no. 3 (December 2004): 193–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-005-0345-6.
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  - Weston, Patrick, John H. Alexander, Manesh R. Patel, Charles Maynard, Lawrence Crawford, and Galen S. Wagner. “Hand-held echocardiographic examination of patients with symptoms of acute coronary syndromes in the emergency department: the 30-day outcome associated with normal left ventricular wall motion.” Am Heart J 148, no. 6 (December 2004): 1096–1101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2004.05.026.
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  - Bethel, M Angelyn, John Alexander, Jim Lane, Christina Barkauskas, and Mark N. Feinglos. “Diabetes on a cardiovascular ward: adherence to current recommendations.” South Med J 97, no. 11 (November 2004): 1031–37. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.SMJ.0000140853.71806.31.
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  - Curtis, Jeptha P., John H. Alexander, Yao Huang, Lars Wallentin, Freek W. A. Verheugt, Paul W. Armstrong, Harlan M. Krumholz, et al. “Efficacy and safety of two unfractionated heparin dosing strategies with tenecteplase in acute myocardial infarction (results from Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Thrombolytic Regimens 2 and 3).” Am J Cardiol 94, no. 3 (August 1, 2004): 279–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.04.019.
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  - Waters, Richard E., Kanwar P. Singh, Matthew T. Roe, Mat Lotfi, Michael H. Sketch, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, L Kristin Newby, et al. “Rationale and strategies for implementing community-based transfer protocols for primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.” J Am Coll Cardiol 43, no. 12 (June 16, 2004): 2153–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2003.12.057.
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  - Sinnaeve, Peter R., John H. Alexander, Kris Bogaerts, Ann Belmans, Lars Wallentin, Paul Armstrong, Jennifer A. A. Adgey, et al. “Efficacy of tenecteplase in combination with enoxaparin, abciximab, or unfractionated heparin: one-year follow-up results of the Assessment of the Safety of a New Thrombolytic-3 (ASSENT-3) randomized trial in acute myocardial infarction.” Am Heart J 147, no. 6 (June 2004): 993–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2003.12.028.
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  - Alexander, John H., Eric D. Peterson, Anita Y. Chen, Tina M. Harding, David B. Adams, and Joseph A. Kisslo. “Feasibility of point-of-care echocardiography by internal medicine house staff.” Am Heart J 147, no. 3 (March 2004): 476–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2003.10.010.
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  - Alexander, J. H., C. K. Dyke, H. Yang, R. C. Becker, V. Hasselblad, L. A. Zillman, N. S. Kleiman, et al. “Initial experience with factor-Xa inhibition in percutaneous coronary intervention: the XaNADU-PCI Pilot.” J Thromb Haemost 2, no. 2 (February 2004): 234–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7933.2004.00594.x.
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  - Alexander, John H. “Clinical trials in Japan and the United States.” Am Heart J 147, no. 2 (February 2004): 200–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2003.11.004.
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  - Roe, M. T., K. W. Mahaffey, R. Kilaru, J. H. Alexander, K. M. Akkerhuis, M. L. Simoons, R. A. Harrington, et al. “Creatine kinase-MB elevation after percutaneous coronary intervention predicts adverse outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes.” Eur Heart J 25, no. 4 (February 2004): 313–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2003.12.009.
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  - Rebeiz, Abdallah G., Matthew T. Roe, John H. Alexander, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Christopher B. Granger, Eric D. Peterson, Robert M. Califf, and Robert A. Harrington. “Integrating antithrombin and antiplatelet therapies with early invasive management for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes.” Am J Med 116, no. 2 (January 15, 2004): 119–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.09.028.
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  - Alexander, John H., Robert A. Harrington, Manju Bhapkar, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, A Michael Lincoff, E Magnus Ohman, Peter Klootwijk, et al. “Prognostic importance of new small Q waves following non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes.” Am J Med 115, no. 8 (December 1, 2003): 613–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.08.007.
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  - Alexander, John H., and Manesh R. Patel. “Screening for structural heart disease: time to stop listening and start looking.” Am Heart J 146, no. 4 (October 2003): 570–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00397-1.
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  - Sinnaeve, Peter, John Alexander, Ann Belmans, Kris Bogaerts, Anatoli Langer, Rafaël Diaz, Diego Ardissino, et al. “One-year follow-up of the ASSENT-2 trial: a double-blind, randomized comparison of single-bolus tenecteplase and front-loaded alteplase in 16,949 patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction.” Am Heart J 146, no. 1 (July 2003): 27–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00117-0.
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  - Serebruany, Victor L., Alex I. Malinin, Kevin P. Callahan, Azan Binbrek, Frans Van De Werf, John H. Alexander, Christopher B. Granger, Paul A. Gurbel, and Paul A. Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Thrombolytic Agent platelet substudy. “Effect of tenecteplase versus alteplase on platelets during the first 3 hours of treatment for acute myocardial infarction: the Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Thrombolytic Agent (ASSENT-2) platelet substudy.” Am Heart J 145, no. 4 (April 2003): 636–42. https://doi.org/10.1067/mhj.2003.210.
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  - Akkerhuis, K Martijn, John H. Alexander, Barbara E. Tardiff, Eric Boersma, Robert A. Harrington, A Michael Lincoff, and Maarten L. Simoons. “Minor myocardial damage and prognosis: are spontaneous and percutaneous coronary intervention-related events different?” Circulation 105, no. 5 (February 5, 2002): 554–56. https://doi.org/10.1161/hc0502.104278.
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  - Angeja, B. G., J. H. Alexander, R. Chin, X. Li, H. V. Barron, P. W. Armstrong, C. B. Granger, F. Van de Werf, and C. M. Gibson. “Safety of the weight-adjusted dosing regimen of tenecteplase in the ASSENT-Trial.” Am J Cardiol 88, no. 11 (December 1, 2001): 1240–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149(01)02084-7.
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  - Callahan, K. P., A. I. Malinin, P. A. Gurbel, J. H. Alexander, C. B. Granger, D. Atar, and V. L. Serebruany. “Platelets and thrombolysis: Cooperation or contrariety?” Heartdrug 1, no. 5 (December 1, 2001): 281–90. https://doi.org/10.1159/000048975.
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  - Daniels, S. R. “Short-term trials and long-term effects.” Science 293, no. 5539 (September 28, 2001): 2392–94. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.293.5539.2392.
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  - Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Thrombolytic Regimen (ASSENT)-3 Investigators, Raymond J. “Efficacy and safety of tenecteplase in combination with enoxaparin, abciximab, or unfractionated heparin: the ASSENT-3 randomised trial in acute myocardial infarction.” Lancet 358, no. 9282 (August 25, 2001): 605–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05775-0.
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  - Al-Khatib, S. M., R. M. Califf, V. Hasselblad, J. H. Alexander, D. C. McCrory, and J. Sugarman. “Medicine. Placebo-controls in short-term clinical trials of hypertension.” Science 292, no. 5524 (June 15, 2001): 2013–15. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1057783.
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  - Callahan, K. P., A. I. Malinin, P. A. Gurbel, J. H. Alexander, C. B. Granger, and V. L. Serebruany. “Platelet function and fibrinolytic agents: two sides of a coin?” Cardiology 95, no. 2 (2001): 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1159/000047346.
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  - Alexander, J. H., R. A. Sparapani, K. W. Mahaffey, J. W. Deckers, L. K. Newby, E. M. Ohman, R. Corbalán, et al. “Association between minor elevations of creatine kinase-MB level and mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. PURSUIT Steering Committee. Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in Unstable Angina: Receptor Suppression Using Integrilin Therapy.” Jama 283, no. 3 (January 19, 2000): 347–53. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.283.3.347.
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  - McGuire, D. K., M. P. Hudson, M. A. East, C. K. Dyke, W. J. Cantor, J. Battle, M. C. Bahit, S. M. Al-Khatib, and J. H. Alexander. “Highlights from the American Heart Association 72nd Scientific Sessions: November 6 to 10, 1999.” American Heart Journal 139, no. 2 (January 1, 2000): 359–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(00)90247-3.
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  - Patel, M., S. S. Han, K. Vaux, J. Saalfeld, and J. H. Alexander. “A protocol of early spiral computed tomography for the detection of stones in patients with renal colic has reduced the time to diagnosis and overall management costs.” Aust N Z J Surg 70, no. 1 (January 2000): 39–42. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1622.2000.01740.x.
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  - Alexander, J. H., S. Al-Khatib, W. Cantor, A. B. Greenbaum, M. P. Hudson, D. F. Kong, and M. Shah. “Highlights from the American College of Cardiology 48th Annual Scientific Sessions: March 7 to 10, 1999.” Am Heart J 138, no. 1 Pt 1 (July 1999): 175–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(99)90000-5.
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  - Pertusi, R. M., K. S. Godwin, J. K. House, J. A. Knebl, J. H. Alexander, B. R. Rubin, and M. D. Forman. “Gastropathy induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: prescribing patterns among geriatric practitioners.” J Am Osteopath Assoc 99, no. 6 (June 1999): 305–10. https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.1999.99.6.305.
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  - Alexander, J. H., C. B. Granger, Z. Sadowski, P. E. Aylward, H. D. White, T. D. Thompson, R. M. Califf, and E. J. Topol. “Prophylactic lidocaine use in acute myocardial infarction: incidence and outcomes from two international trials. The GUSTO-I and GUSTO-IIb Investigators.” Am Heart J 137, no. 5 (May 1999): 799–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70402-3.
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  - Eachempati, S. R., C. Young, J. Alexander, F. D. Cirisano, G. C. Rodriguez, and R. L. Reed. “The clinical use of an esophageal Doppler monitor for hemodynamic monitoring in sepsis.” J Clin Monit Comput 15, no. 3–4 (May 1999): 223–25. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009963124127.
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  - Sadowski, Z. P., J. H. Alexander, B. Skrabucha, A. Dyduszynski, J. Kuch, E. Nartowicz, G. Swiatecka, D. F. Kong, and C. B. Granger. “Multicenter randomized trial and a systematic overview of lidocaine in acute myocardial infarction.” Am Heart J 137, no. 5 (May 1999): 792–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70401-1.
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  - Alexander, J. H., R. A. Harrington, R. H. Tuttle, L. G. Berdan, A. M. Lincoff, J. W. Deckers, M. L. Simoons, et al. “Prior aspirin use predicts worse outcomes in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes. PURSUIT Investigators. Platelet IIb/IIIa in Unstable angina: Receptor Suppression Using Integrilin Therapy.” Am J Cardiol 83, no. 8 (April 15, 1999): 1147–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149(99)00049-1.
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  - Alexander, J. H., D. F. Kong, and W. J. Cantor. “Highlights from the 71st American Heart Association Scientific Sessions: November 8 to 11, 1998.” Am Heart J 137, no. 3 (March 1999): 555–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70506-5.
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  - Alexander, J. H., and R. A. Harrington. “Recent antiplatelet drug trials in the acute coronary syndromes. Clinical interpretation of PRISM, PRISM-PLUS, PARAGON A and PURSUIT.” Drugs 56, no. 6 (December 1998): 965–76. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199856060-00002.
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  - “Combining thrombolysis with the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor lamifiban: results of the Platelet Aggregation Receptor Antagonist Dose Investigation and Reperfusion Gain in Myocardial Infarction (PARADIGM) trial.” J Am Coll Cardiol 32, no. 7 (December 1998): 2003–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(98)00474-4.
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  - Alexander, J. H., A. B. Greenbaum, M. P. Hudson, D. F. Kong, J. M. Miller, C. Y. Tung, and D. J. Whellan. “Session highlights from the American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions: March 29 to April 1, 1998.” Am Heart J 136, no. 1 (July 1998): 176–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(98)70199-1.
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  - Alexander, J. H., A. B. Greenbaum, M. P. Hudson, D. F. Kong, J. M. Miller, C. Y. Tung, and D. J. Whellan. “Session highlights from the American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions: March 29 to April 1, 1998.” Am Heart J 135, no. 6 Pt 1 (June 1998): 1099–1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(98)70079-1.
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  - Alexander, J. H., K. Alexander, D. F. Kong, C. Y. Tung, and D. Whellan. “Session highlights from the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions: November 9-12, 1997.” Am Heart J 135, no. 1 (January 1998): 157–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(98)70357-6.
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  - Alexander, J. H., and R. A. Harrington. “Antiplatelet and antithrombin therapies in the acute coronary syndromes.” Curr Opin Cardiol 12, no. 4 (July 1997): 427–37.
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  - Alexander, J. H., and R. A. Harrington. “Adjunctive Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Road to Improved Infarct-Related Artery Patency.” J Thromb Thrombolysis 4, no. 3/4 (1997): 353–55. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008845315933.
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- Other Articles
  - Castleberry, Anthony W., Judson B. Williams, Mani A. Daneshmand, Emily Honeycutt, Linda K. Shaw, Zainab Samad, Renato D. Lopes, et al. “Response to letter regarding article, "surgical revascularization is associated with maximal survival in patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation: a 20-year experience".” Circulation, March 17, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013125.
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- Conference Papers
  - Melloni, Chiara, Allison Dunning, Christopher B. Granger, Laine Thomas, Michel G. Khouri, David A. Garcia, Elaine M. Hylek, et al. “Efficacy and Safety of Apixaban Versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and a History of Cancer: Insights from the ARISTOTLE Trial.” In Am J Med, 130:1440-1448.e1, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.06.026.
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  - Avezum, Alvaro, Renato D. Lopes, Phillip J. Schulte, Fernando Lanas, Bernard J. Gersh, Michael Hanna, Prem Pais, et al. “Apixaban in Comparison With Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Valvular Heart Disease: Findings From the Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) Trial.” In Circulation, 132:624–32, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014807.
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  - Hijazi, Ziad, Lars Wallentin, Agneta Siegbahn, Ulrika Andersson, John H. Alexander, Dan Atar, Bernard J. Gersh, et al. “High-sensitivity troponin T and risk stratification in patients with atrial fibrillation during treatment with apixaban or warfarin.” In J Am Coll Cardiol, 63:52–61, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.07.093.
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