Karthik Raghunathan | Scholars@Duke

Karthik Raghunathan
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology

Dr. Karthik Raghunathan is an Associate Professor with Tenure in the Department of Anesthesiology (Primary Appointment) and in the Department of Population Health Sciences (Secondary Appointment) at the Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.

He is also a Staff Physician in the Anesthesia Service at the Durham Veterans Affairs Healthcare System in Durham, North Carolina.

In addition to clinical and educational work at the Durham VA and Duke Hospitals, Dr. Raghunathan serves as Co-Director of the Critical Care and Perioperative Population Health Research (CAPER) Unit conducting health services research with a focus on critically ill and surgical populations. As of 2021, he has received nearly $2 Million in funding from Federal, Industry, and Non-Profit entities. Dr. Raghunathan is particularly interested in implementation of non-pharmacological treatments (Perioperative Music Medicine), Learning Health, Resuscitation and Analgesia in ICUs and Operating Rooms, Equity in Perioperative and Critical Care, and in Observational Research Methods. He collaborates with researchers within Duke, and around the world.

Current Research Interests

Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine

Intravenous Fluid Resuscitation
Acute MultiOrgan Dysfunction
Opioid and Nonopioid Analgesia
Complimentary and Integrative Health Interventions - Implementation
Equity related Health Services Research

Office Hours

Available by appointment, call Staff Assistant at 919-286-6938.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, VA Anesthesiology Service, Anesthesiology 2021
Associate Professor in Population Health Sciences, Population Health Sciences, Basic Science Departments 2019

Contact Information

D5005 VAMC, Durham, NC 27710
DUMC Box 3094, Durham, NC 27710
karthik.raghunathan@duke.edu (919) 286-6938
Co-Director | Duke CAPER
Google Scholar Profile
PubMed Bibliography

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- M.P.H., State University of New York, Albany 2002
- M.B.B.S., Tamilnadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University (India) 1997
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, VA Anesthesiology Service, Anesthesiology 2017 - 2021
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, VA Anesthesiology Service, Anesthesiology 2012 - 2017
Leadership & Clinical Positions at Duke
- Co-Director, Critical Care and Perioperative Population Health Research (CAPER) Unit
  Department of Anesthesiology
  Duke University
  
  Director, PreAnesthesia Evaluation Clinic
  Anesthesia Service
  Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Expertise
Subject Headings
Research
Selected Grants
- Integrated Training in Anesthesiology Research awarded by National Institutes of Health 1996 - 2026
- Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome across a Diverse Patient Population awarded by American Society of Anesthesiologists 2022 - 2023
- Utilization and Outcomes of Peptide-based versus other Tube Feeding Formulae among Surgical Critical Care Patients in the United States awarded by Abbott Nutrition 2020 - 2023
- Sugammadex versus Neostigmine in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy awarded by Merck & Co., Inc. 2021 - 2022
- Impact of SMOF Lipid on Clinical Outcomes Among Patients Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis awarded by Fresenius Kabi AG 2020 - 2021
- The Impact of Race and Socioeconomic Status on Malnutrition in Surgical Patients awarded by American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2020 - 2021
- Zach Frere awarded by Institute for Medical Research, Inc. 2020 - 2021
- PSA Tetsu Ohnuma awarded by Institute for Medical Research, Inc. 2020 - 2021
- CAPER Support for Paul Wischmeyer Salary awarded by Institute for Medical Research, Inc. 2020
- Comparative effectiveness in Perioperative and Critical Care Medicine: Crystalloid Fluid Therapy awarded by Baxter Healthcare Corporation 2013 - 2014
Fellowships, Supported Research, & Other Grants
- The Impact of Trainee Involvement in Cataract Surgery in the Veterans Health Administration Medical System awarded by Bausch and Lomb 2020
- Pre-Anesthesia Evaluations in the Post-COVID Era: A Quality Improvement Project awarded by VHA Office of Connected Care, VA Virtual Core, and the VA National Anesthesia Office. 2020
External Relationships
- Grifols SSNA
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Dixit, Anjali A., Christine Y. Kim, Edward R. Mariano, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Tetsu Ohnuma, Karthik Raghunathan, William E. Bryan, Karsten Bartels, and Eric C. Sun. “Hospital-level variability in regional nerve block administration by race for total knee arthroplasty.” Reg Anesth Pain Med, December 13, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-104028.
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  - Mamoun, Negmeldeen, Mary Cooter Wright, Brandi Bottiger, Ryan Plichta, Rebecca Klinger, Michael Manning, Karthik Raghunathan, and Padma Gulur. “Pain Trajectories After Valve Surgeries Performed via Midline Sternotomy Versus Mini-Thoracotomy.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 36, no. 9 (September 2022): 3596–3602. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2022.05.007.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Daryl Kerr, Ying Xian, Grace McCarthy, Robert Habib, Alina Nicoara, Shuaiqi Zhang, J Scott Rankin, and Andrew D. Shaw. “Cerebral Oximetry During Adult Cardiac Surgery Is Associated With Improved Postoperative Outcomes.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 36, no. 9 (September 2022): 3529–42. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2022.04.022.
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  - Fah, Megan, Laura E. Van Althuis, Tetsu Ohnuma, Hilary M. Winthrop, Krista L. Haines, David G. A. Williams, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, and Paul E. Wischmeyer. “Micronutrient deficiencies in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy.” Clin Nutr Espen 50 (August 2022): 247–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.05.008.
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  - Haines, Krista L., Matthew Fuller, Ioana Antonescu, Justin G. Vaughan, Karthik Raghunathan, Christopher E. Cox, Raquel R. Bartz, Tetsu Ohnuma, Suresh Agarwal, and Vijay Krishnamoorthy. “Underutilization of Acetaminophen in Older Adult Trauma Patients.” Am Surg 88, no. 8 (August 2022): 2003–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/00031348211023397.
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  - McGauvran, Michelle Maureen, Tetsu Ohnuma, Karthik Raghunathan, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Selby Johnson, Theresa Lo, Srinivas Pyati, et al. “Association Between Gabapentinoids and Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 36, no. 8 Pt A (August 2022): 2295–2302. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2021.10.003.
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  - Kawano, Bradley, Suresh Agarwal, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, and Krista L. Haines. “Trends in Assault Mortalities Among Asian Americans, 2009-2018.” J Surg Res 275 (July 2022): 336–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2022.01.015.
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  - Ohnuma, Tetsu, C Russell Horres, Karthik Raghunathan, Raquel R. Bartz, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, M Alan Brookhart, and Michael L. Kent. “Trends in multimodal analgesics among end-stage renal disease patients undergoing lower extremity amputation in the US from 2009 to 2018.” Br J Anaesth 128, no. 2 (February 2022): e43–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2021.10.028.
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  - Ginsberg, J. P., Karthik Raghunathan, Gabriel Bassi, and Luis Ulloa. “Review of Perioperative Music Medicine: Mechanisms of Pain and Stress Reduction Around Surgery.” Front Med (Lausanne) 9 (2022): 821022. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.821022.
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  - Nagavelli, Harika, Edward R. Mariano, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Neil D. Ray, Hung-Lun Hsia, Alan R. Ellis, Stavros G. Memtsoudis, William E. Bryan, Marc J. Pepin, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Evaluation of trends in continuous peripheral nerve block utilization for total knee arthroplasty within and outside the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System.” Reg Anesth Pain Med 47, no. 1 (January 2022): 62–63. https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2021-102731.
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  - Privratsky, Jamie R., Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, Tetsu Ohnuma, Mohammad R. Rasouli, Thorir E. Long, and Martin I. Sigurdsson. “Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury Is Associated With Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease Independent of Severity.” Anesth Analg 134, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000005702.
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  - Levy, N., K. Raghunathan, and D. N. Lobo. “De-implementation of extended-release opioids from peri-operative pathways.” Anaesthesia 76, no. 12 (December 2021): 1559–62. https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15487.
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  - Reed, Sydney E., Hon Sen Tan, Matthew E. Fuller, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Tetsu Ohnuma, Karthik Raghunathan, and Ashraf S. Habib. “Analgesia After Cesarean Delivery in the United States 2008-2018: A Retrospective Cohort Study.” Anesth Analg 133, no. 6 (December 1, 2021): 1550–58. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000005587.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Nancy Temkin, Jason Barber, Brandon Foreman, Jordan Komisarow, Fred K. Korley, Daniel T. Laskowitz, et al. “Association of Early Multiple Organ Dysfunction With Clinical and Functional Outcomes Over the Year Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study.” Crit Care Med 49, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): 1769–78. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000005055.
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  - Luu, David, Jordan Komisarow, Brianna M. Mills, Monica S. Vavilala, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Joseph Mathew, Michael L. James, et al. “Association of Severe Acute Kidney Injury with Mortality and Healthcare Utilization Following Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury.” Neurocrit Care 35, no. 2 (October 2021): 434–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-020-01183-z.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Tetsu Ohnuma, Raquel Bartz, Matthew Fuller, Nita Khandelwal, Krista Haines, Charles Scales, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Acute Care Resource Use After Elective Surgery in the United States: Implications During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Am J Crit Care 30, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 320–24. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2021818.
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  - Lo, Theresa, Robin Schiller, Karthik Raghunathan, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Oliver K. Jawitz, Srinivas Pyati, Thomas Van De Ven, Raquel R. Bartz, Annemarie Thompson, and Tetsu Ohnuma. “Changes in analgesic strategies for lobectomy from 2009 to 2018.” Jtcvs Open 6 (June 2021): 224–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjon.2021.03.015.
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  - Tan, Hon Sen, Zach Frere, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Tetsu Ohnuma, Karthik Raghunathan, and Ashraf S. Habib. “Association of gabapentinoid utilization with postoperative pulmonary complications in gynecologic surgery: a retrospective cohort study.” Curr Med Res Opin 37, no. 5 (May 2021): 821–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2021.1900092.
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  - Ohnuma, Tetsu, Karthik Raghunathan, Matthew Fuller, Alan R. Ellis, Eric A. JohnBull, Raquel R. Bartz, Mihaela S. Stefan, Peter K. Lindenauer, Maggie E. Horn, and Vijay Krishnamoorthy. “Trends in Comorbidities and Complications Using ICD-9 and ICD-10 in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasties.” J Bone Joint Surg Am 103, no. 8 (April 21, 2021): 696–704. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.20.01152.
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  - Chen, Fangyu, Jordan M. Komisarow, Brianna Mills, Monica Vavilala, Adrian Hernandez, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Joseph P. Mathew, et al. “Echocardiogram Utilization Patterns and Association With Mortality Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.” Anesth Analg 132, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 1060–66. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000005110.
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  - Polascik, Breanna A., Daryl Jian An Tan, Karthik Raghunathan, Hwei Min Kee, Amanda Lee, Ban Leong Sng, and Charles M. Belden. “Acceptability and Feasibility of Perioperative Music Listening: A Rapid Qualitative Inquiry Approach.” J Music Ther 58, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 43–69. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/thaa014.
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  - Williams, David G. A., Tetsu Ohnuma, Krista L. Haines, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, Suela Sulo, Bridget A. Cassady, Refaat Hegazi, and Paul E. Wischmeyer. “Association between early postoperative nutritional supplement utilisation and length of stay in malnourished hip fracture patients.” Br J Anaesth 126, no. 3 (March 2021): 730–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.12.026.
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  - Williams, David G. A., Tetsu Ohnuma, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, Suela Sulo, Bridget A. Cassady, Refaat Hegazi, and Paul E. Wischmeyer. “Postoperative Utilization of Oral Nutrition Supplements in Surgical Patients in US Hospitals.” Jpen J Parenter Enteral Nutr 45, no. 3 (March 2021): 596–606. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.1862.
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  - Stefan, Mihaela S., Aruna Priya, Penelope S. Pekow, Jay S. Steingrub, Nicholas S. Hill, Tara Lagu, Karthik Raghunathan, Anusha G. Bhat, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “A scoring system derived from electronic health records to identify patients at high risk for noninvasive ventilation failure.” Bmc Pulm Med 21, no. 1 (February 5, 2021): 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-021-01421-w.
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  - Cobert, Julien, Reginald Lerebours, Sarah B. Peskoe, Alexander Gordee, Tracy Truong, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, and Leila Mureebe. “Exploring Factors Associated With Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders: A National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database Analysis Within Surgical Groups.” Anesth Analg 132, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 512–23. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000005311.
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  - Melton, M Stephen, Yi-Ju Li, Richard Pollard, Zhengxi Chen, John Hunting, Thomas Hopkins, William Buhrman, et al. “Unplanned hospital admission after ambulatory surgery: a retrospective, single cohort study.” Can J Anaesth 68, no. 1 (January 2021): 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-020-01822-1.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Calvin O. Motika, Tetsu Ohnuma, Duncan McLean, Alan R. Ellis, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Perioperative colloid choice and bleeding in patients undergoing musculoskeletal surgery: An observational administrative database study.” Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 11, no. 4 (2021): 223–28. https://doi.org/10.4103/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_178_20.
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  - Cobert, Julien, Paul M. Lantos, Mark M. Janko, David G. A. Williams, Karthik Raghunathan, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Eric A. JohnBull, Atilio Barbeito, and Padma Gulur. “Geospatial Variations and Neighborhood Deprivation in Drug-Related Admissions and Overdoses.” J Urban Health 97, no. 6 (December 2020): 814–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-020-00436-8.
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  - Haines, Krista L., Matthew Fuller, Justin G. Vaughan, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, George Kasotakis, Suresh Agarwal, and Tetsu Ohnuma. “The Impact of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Older Adult Trauma Patients With Hip Fractures.” J Surg Res 255 (November 2020): 583–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.05.064.
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  - Ohnuma, Tetsu, Karthik Raghunathan, Alan R. Ellis, John Whittle, Srinivas Pyati, William E. Bryan, Marc J. Pepin, Raquel R. Bartz, and Vijay Krishnamoorthy. “Effects of Acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Gabapentinoids, and Their Combinations on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty.” Pain Med 21, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 2385–93. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnaa017.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Duncan McLean, Tetsu Ohnuma, Steve K. Harris, Danny J. N. Wong, Matt Wilson, Ramani Moonesinghe, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Causal inference in perioperative medicine observational research: part 2, advanced methods.” Br J Anaesth 125, no. 3 (September 2020): 398–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.032.
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  - Cobert, Julien, Alan R. Ellis, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Sharon L. McCartney, Brian H. Nathanson, Mihaela S. Stefan, Peter Lindenauer, and Karthik Raghunathan. “A clinical investigation into the benefits of using charge codes in perioperative and critical care epidemiology: A retrospective cohort database study.” Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 10, no. Suppl 1 (September 2020): 39–42. https://doi.org/10.4103/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_47_19.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Danny J. N. Wong, Matt Wilson, Karthik Raghunathan, Tetsu Ohnuma, Duncan McLean, S Ramani Moonesinghe, and Steve K. Harris. “Causal inference in perioperative medicine observational research: part 1, a graphical introduction.” Br J Anaesth 125, no. 3 (September 2020): 393–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.031.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Raquel Bartz, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Rational perioperative utilisation and management during the COVID-19 pandemic.” Br J Anaesth 125, no. 2 (August 2020): e248–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.017.
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  - Chen, Fangyu, Mohammad R. Rasouli, Alan R. Ellis, Tetsu Ohnuma, Raquel R. Bartz, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Krista L. Haines, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Associations Between Perioperative Crystalloid Volume and Adverse Outcomes in Five Surgical Populations.” J Surg Res 251 (July 2020): 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2019.12.013.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Alan R. Ellis, Duncan J. McLean, Mihaela S. Stefan, Brian H. Nathanson, Julien Cobert, Peter K. Lindenauer, M Alan Brookhart, Tetsu Ohnuma, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Bleeding After Musculoskeletal Surgery in Hospitals That Switched From Hydroxyethyl Starch to Albumin Following a Food and Drug Administration Warning.” Anesth Analg, June 10, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000004942.
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  - Stefan, Mihaela S., Quinn Pack, Meng-Shiou Shieh, Penelope S. Pekow, Steven L. Bernstein, Karthik Raghunathan, Katie S. Nason, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “The Association of Nicotine Replacement Therapy With Outcomes Among Smokers Hospitalized for a Major Surgical Procedure.” Chest 157, no. 5 (May 2020): 1354–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2019.10.054.
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  - Pyati, Srinivas, Julien Cobert, Joe F. Jabre, Alan D. Kaye, James H. Diaz, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Effects of Tourniquets in the Development of Pain States: a Novel Clinical Pilot Study and Review of Utilization of Tissue Oximetry to Measure Neural Ischemia.” Curr Pain Headache Rep 24, no. 6 (April 22, 2020): 25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-020-00855-x.
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  - Ohnuma, Tetsu, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, David G. A. Williams, Suela Sulo, Refaat Hegazi, and Paul E. Wischmeyer. “Overcoming confounding by indication in nutrition research using electronic healthcare data.” Clin Nutr 39, no. 4 (April 2020): 985–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.01.024.
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  - Sora, Ali, Shreyas Pyati, Marissa Kuo, Rebecca Schroeder, Atilio Barbeito, Cori Corcoran, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Preoperative Disability in US Veterans.” Anesth Analg, February 10, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000004666.
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  - Ohnuma, Tetsu, Karthik Raghunathan, Sean Moore, Soko Setoguchi, Alan R. Ellis, Matthew Fuller, John Whittle, et al. “Dose-Dependent Association of Gabapentinoids with Pulmonary Complications After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasties.” J Bone Joint Surg Am 102, no. 3 (February 5, 2020): 221–29. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.19.00889.
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  - Herzig, Shoshana J., Mihaela S. Stefan, Penelope S. Pekow, Meng-Shiou Shieh, William Soares, Karthik Raghunathan, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “Risk Factors for Severe Opioid-Related Adverse Events in a National Cohort of Medical Hospitalizations.” J Gen Intern Med 35, no. 2 (February 2020): 538–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-019-05490-w.
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  - Reiff, Emily S., Ashraf S. Habib, Brendan Carvalho, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cesarean Delivery: A Survey of Anesthesiologists.” Anesthesiol Res Pract 2020 (2020): 3741608. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3741608.
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  - Tan, D. J. A., B. A. Polascik, H. M. Kee, A. C. Hui Lee, R. Sultana, M. Kwan, K. Raghunathan, C. M. Belden, and B. L. Sng. “The Effect of Perioperative Music Listening on Patient Satisfaction, Anxiety, and Depression: A Quasiexperimental Study.” Anesthesiology Research and Practice 2020 (January 1, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3761398.
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  - Williams, David G. A., Tetsu Ohnuma, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, Suela Sulo, Bridget A. Cassady, Refaat Hegazi, and Paul E. Wischmeyer. “Impact of early postoperative oral nutritional supplement utilization on clinical outcomes in colorectal surgery.” Perioper Med (Lond) 9 (2020): 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-020-00160-6.
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  - Ohnuma, Tetsu, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Alan R. Ellis, Rosalie Yan, Neil D. Ray, Hung-Lun Hsia, Srinivas Pyati, et al. “Association 'Between Gabapentinoids on the Day of Colorectal Surgery and Adverse Postoperative Respiratory Outcomes.” Ann Surg 270, no. 6 (December 2019): e65–67. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000003317.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Neil Ray, William Bryan, Marc Pepin, Robert Overman, Atilio Barbeito, and Vijay Krishnamoorthy. “Trends in Chronic Opioid Use Around Inpatient Surgery Within the Veterans Health Administration.” Jama Surg 154, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 1158–59. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2019.2895.
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  - Chen, Qi, Hung-Lun Hsia, Robert Overman, William Bryan, Marc Pepin, Edward R. Mariano, Seshadri C. Mudumbai, et al. “Impact of an Opioid Safety Initiative on Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Time Series Analysis.” Anesthesiology 131, no. 2 (August 2019): 369–80. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002771.
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  - Karamchandani, Kunal, Srinivas Pyati, William Bryan, Marc Pepin, Erik B. Lehman, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, and Karthik Raghunathan. “New Persistent Opioid Use After Postoperative Intensive Care in US Veterans.” Jama Surg 154, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 778–80. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2019.0899.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Catherine L. Hough, Monica S. Vavilala, Jordan Komisarow, Nophanan Chaikittisilpa, Abhijit V. Lele, Karthik Raghunathan, and Claire J. Creutzfeldt. “Tracheostomy After Severe Acute Brain Injury: Trends and Variability in the USA.” Neurocrit Care 30, no. 3 (June 2019): 546–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-019-00697-5.
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  - Kuo, Alfred C., Karthik Raghunathan, Alain M. Lartigue, William E. Bryan, Marc J. Pepin, Steven Takemoto, and Arthur W. Wallace. “Freedom From Opioids After Total Knee Arthroplasty.” J Arthroplasty 34, no. 5 (May 2019): 893–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2019.01.054.
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  - Kingeter, Adam J., Karthik Raghunathan, Sibyl H. Munson, David K. Hayashida, Xuan Zhang, Sloka Iyengar, Martin Bunke, and Andrew D. Shaw. “Association between albumin administration and survival in cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study.” Can J Anaesth 65, no. 11 (November 2018): 1218–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-018-1181-4.
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  - Nathanson, Brian H., and Karthik Raghunathan. “Response.” Am J Crit Care 27, no. 6 (November 2018): 443. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2018759.
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  - Hsia, Hung-Lun, Steven Takemoto, Thomas van de Ven, Srinivas Pyati, Thomas Buchheit, Neil Ray, Samuel Wellman, Alfred Kuo, Arthur Wallace, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Acute Pain Is Associated With Chronic Opioid Use After Total Knee Arthroplasty.” Reg Anesth Pain Med 43, no. 7 (October 2018): 705–11. https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0000000000000831.
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  - Carter, Jessica E., Srinivas Pyati, Frances A. Kanach, Ann Miller W. Maxwell, Charles M. Belden, Christopher M. Shea, Thomas Van de Ven, Jillian Thompson, Helen Hoenig, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Implementation of Perioperative Music Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.” Anesth Analg 127, no. 3 (September 2018): 623–31. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000003565.
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  - Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Anesthesia Care Handovers and Risk of Adverse Outcomes.” Jama 319, no. 21 (June 5, 2018): 2235–36. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.4442.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Mandeep Singh, Brian H. Nathanson, Elliott Bennett-Guerrero, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “Early Blood Transfusions in Sepsis: Unchanged Survival and Increased Costs.” Am J Crit Care 27, no. 3 (May 2018): 205–11. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2018303.
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  - Thiele, Robert H., Karthik Raghunathan, C. S. Brudney, Dileep N. Lobo, Daniel Martin, Anthony Senagore, Maxime Cannesson, et al. “Correction to: American Society for Enhanced Recovery (ASER) and Perioperative Quality Initiative (POQI) joint consensus statement on perioperative fluid management within an enhanced recovery pathway for colorectal surgery.” Perioper Med (Lond) 7 (2018): 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-018-0085-8.
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  - Stefan, Mihaela S., Nicholas S. Hill, Karthik Raghunathan, Xiaoxia Liu, Penelope S. Pekow, Stavros G. Memtsoudis, Satya Krishna Ramachandran, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “Outcomes Associated with Early Postoperative Noninvasive Ventilation in Bariatric Surgical Patients with Sleep Apnea.” J Clin Sleep Med 12, no. 11 (November 15, 2016): 1507–16. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.6278.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, J Bradley Layton, Tetsu Ohnuma, and Andrew D. Shaw. “Observational Research Using Propensity Scores.” Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 23, no. 6 (November 2016): 367–72. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ackd.2016.11.010.
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  - Guinn, Nicole R., Nathan H. Waldron, Mary L. Cooter, Corinne L. Goldberg, Miklos D. Kertai, Karthik Raghunathan, Nicholas Bandarenko, Maureane Hoffman, and Elliott Bennett-Guerrero. “No association between donor age and recipient outcomes: transfusion of plasma in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.” Transfusion 56, no. 7 (July 2016): 1723–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.13616.
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  - Raghunathan, K., and X. S. Wang. “In support of 'usual' perioperative care.” Br J Anaesth 117, no. 1 (July 2016): 7–12. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aew067.
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  - Barbeito, Atilio, Karthik Raghunathan, and Ronald Albrecht. “Primus Inter Pares.” Anesth Analg 122, no. 5 (May 2016): 1719–20. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000000883.
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  - Barbeito, Atilio, Roberto A. Guerri-Guttenberg, Karthik Raghunathan, and Sunil Rao. “High-Velocity Jet in the Right Atrium: What Is the Diagnosis?” Anesth Analg 122, no. 3 (March 2016): 647–50. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000001076.
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  - Conlin, Frederick, Neil Roy Connelly, Karthik Raghunathan, Jennifer Friderici, and Adam Schwabauer. “Focused Transthoracic Cardiac Ultrasound: A Survey of Training Practices.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 30, no. 1 (January 2016): 102–6. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2015.05.111.
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  - Heath, Michele, Atilio Barbeito, Ian Welsby, Cory Maxwell, Alexander Iribarne, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Using Zero-Balance Ultrafiltration With Dialysate as a Replacement Solution for Toxin and Eptifibatide Removal on a Dialysis-Dependent Patient During Cardiopulmonary Bypass.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 30, no. 1 (January 2016): 162–68. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2014.12.007.
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  - Thiele, Robert H., Karthik Raghunathan, C. S. Brudney, Dileep N. Lobo, Daniel Martin, Anthony Senagore, Maxime Cannesson, et al. “American Society for Enhanced Recovery (ASER) and Perioperative Quality Initiative (POQI) joint consensus statement on perioperative fluid management within an enhanced recovery pathway for colorectal surgery.” Perioper Med (Lond) 5 (2016): 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-016-0049-9.
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  - McGee, William T., Karthik Raghunathan, and Adam C. Adler. “Utility of Functional Hemodynamics and Echocardiography to Aid Diagnosis and Management of Shock.” Shock 44, no. 6 (December 2015): 535–41. https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0000000000000472.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Anthony Bonavia, Brian H. Nathanson, Christopher A. Beadles, Andrew D. Shaw, M Alan Brookhart, Timothy E. Miller, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “Association between Initial Fluid Choice and Subsequent In-hospital Mortality during the Resuscitation of Adults with Septic Shock.” Anesthesiology 123, no. 6 (December 2015): 1385–93. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000000861.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Patrick Nailer, and Ryan Konoske. “What is the ideal crystalloid?” Curr Opin Crit Care 21, no. 4 (August 2015): 309–14. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0000000000000218.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Timothy E. Miller, and Ali M. Rashid. “Confounders versus Mediators: An Important Distinction.” Anesthesiology 123, no. 1 (July 2015): 234. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000000702.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, and Ryan Konoske. “The authors reply.” Crit Care Med 43, no. 5 (May 2015): e156. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000000951.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Mandeep Singh, and Dileep N. Lobo. “Fluid management in abdominal surgery: what, when, and when not to administer.” Anesthesiol Clin 33, no. 1 (March 2015): 51–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anclin.2014.11.004.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Christopher Beadles, Brian H. Nathanson, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “The authors reply.” Crit Care Med 43, no. 1 (January 2015): e27–28. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000000697.
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  - Krajewski, M. L., K. Raghunathan, S. M. Paluszkiewicz, C. R. Schermer, and A. D. Shaw. “Meta-analysis of high- versus low-chloride content in perioperative and critical care fluid resuscitation.” Br J Surg 102, no. 1 (January 2015): 24–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.9651.
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  - Raghunathan, K., P. T. Murray, W. S. Beattie, D. N. Lobo, J. Myburgh, R. Sladen, J. A. Kellum, M. G. Mythen, A. D. Shaw, and A. D. ADQI XII Investigators Group. “Choice of fluid in acute illness: what should be given? An international consensus.” Br J Anaesth 114, no. 1 (January 2015): 175. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu406.
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  - Beadles, Chris, Karthik Raghunathan, Brian H. Nathanson, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “The authors reply.” Crit Care Med 42, no. 12 (December 2014): e796–97. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000000651.
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  - Shaw, Andrew D., Karthik Raghunathan, Fred W. Peyerl, Sibyl H. Munson, Scott M. Paluszkiewicz, and Carol R. Schermer. “Association between intravenous chloride load during resuscitation and in-hospital mortality among patients with SIRS.” Intensive Care Med 40, no. 12 (December 2014): 1897–1905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-014-3505-3.
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  - Shaw, A. D., K. Raghunathan, F. W. Peyerl, S. H. Munson, S. M. Paluszkiewicz, and C. R. Schermer. “Association between intravenous chloride load during resuscitation and in-hospital mortality among patients with SIRS.” Intensive Care Medicine 40, no. 12 (November 21, 2014): 1897–1905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-014-3505-3.
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  - Raghunathan, K., P. T. Murray, W. S. Beattie, D. N. Lobo, J. Myburgh, R. Sladen, J. A. Kellum, M. G. Mythen, A. D. Shaw, and A. D. ADQI XII Investigators Group. “Choice of fluid in acute illness: what should be given? An international consensus.” Br J Anaesth 113, no. 5 (November 2014): 772–83. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu301.
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  - Miller, Timothy E., Karthik Raghunathan, and Tong J. Gan. “State-of-the-art fluid management in the operating room.” Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 28, no. 3 (September 2014): 261–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2014.07.003.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Timothy E. Miller, and Andrew D. Shaw. “Intravenous starches: is suspension the best solution?” Anesth Analg 119, no. 3 (September 2014): 731–36. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000000186.
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  - Heath, Michele, Karthik Raghunathan, Ian Welsby, and Cory Maxwell. “Using Zero Balance Ultrafiltration with Dialysate as a Replacement Fluid for Hyperkalemia during Cardiopulmonary Bypass.” J Extra Corpor Technol 46, no. 3 (September 2014): 262–66.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Andrew Shaw, Brian Nathanson, Til Stürmer, Alan Brookhart, Mihaela S. Stefan, Soko Setoguchi, Chris Beadles, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “Association between the choice of IV crystalloid and in-hospital mortality among critically ill adults with sepsis*.” Crit Care Med 42, no. 7 (July 2014): 1585–91. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000000305.
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  - Steingrub, Jay S., Tara Lagu, Michael B. Rothberg, Brian H. Nathanson, Karthik Raghunathan, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “Treatment with neuromuscular blocking agents and the risk of in-hospital mortality among mechanically ventilated patients with severe sepsis.” Crit Care Med 42, no. 1 (January 2014): 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e31829eb7c9.
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  - Adler, Adam C., Brian H. Nathanson, Karthik Raghunathan, and William T. McGee. “Effects of body surface area-indexed calculations in the morbidly obese: a mathematical analysis.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 27, no. 6 (December 2013): 1140–44. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.06.011.
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  - Karakala, Nithin, Karthik Raghunathan, and Andrew D. Shaw. “Intravenous fluids in sepsis: what to use and what to avoid.” Curr Opin Crit Care 19, no. 6 (December 2013): 537–43. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0000000000000028.
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  - McGee, William T., and Karthik Raghunathan. “Physiologic goal-directed therapy in the perioperative period: the volume prescription for high-risk patients.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 27, no. 6 (December 2013): 1079–86. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2013.04.019.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Atilio Barbeito, and David MacLeod. “Goal-directed advanced cardiac life support: coronary perfusion pressure as a target during resuscitation.” Crit Care Med 41, no. 12 (December 2013): 2817–18. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e31829cb381.
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  - Marik, Paul E., Karthik Raghunathan, and Joshua Bloomstone. “Rebuttal from Dr Marik et al.” Chest 144, no. 2 (August 2013): 379–80. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.13-0849.
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  - Marik, Paul E., Karthik Raghunathan, and Joshua Bloomstone. “Counterpoint: Are the best patient outcomes achieved when ICU bundles are rigorously adhered to? No.” Chest 144, no. 2 (August 2013): 374–78. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.13-0848.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Andrew D. Shaw, and Sean M. Bagshaw. “Fluids are drugs: type, dose and toxicity.” Curr Opin Crit Care 19, no. 4 (August 2013): 290–98. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0b013e3283632d77.
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  - Adler, Adam C., Neil Roy Connelly, Abistanand Ankam, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Technical communication: inhaled anesthetic agent-vaporizer mismatch: management in settings with limited resources: don't try this at home.” Anesth Analg 116, no. 6 (June 2013): 1272–75. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e31828d6aeb.
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  - Shaw, Andrew, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Fluid management in cardiac surgery: colloid or crystalloid?” Anesthesiol Clin 31, no. 2 (June 2013): 269–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anclin.2012.12.007.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Neil Roy Connelly, Jennifer Friderici, Deborah Naglieri-Prescod, Ryan Joyce, Praveen Prasanna, and Nandakumar Ponnusamy. “Unwarranted variability in antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean section delivery: a national survey of anesthesiologists.” Anesth Analg 116, no. 3 (March 2013): 644–48. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e318276cf72.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, and Andrew Shaw. “Hydroxyethyl starch or saline in intensive care.” N Engl J Med 368, no. 8 (February 21, 2013): 774–75. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc1215977.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, and Srinivas Pyati. “Persistent postsurgical pain--need for better methods.” Reg Anesth Pain Med 38, no. 1 (2013): 73–74. https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0b013e318276651c.
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  - Adler, Adam C., Brian H. Nathanson, Karthik Raghunathan, and William T. McGee. “Misleading indexed hemodynamic parameters: the clinical importance of discordant BMI and BSA at extremes of weight.” Crit Care 16, no. 6 (December 28, 2012): 471. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc11876.
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  - Adler, Adam C., Brian H. Nathanson, Karthik Raghunathan, and William T. McGee. “Indexed hemodynamic measurements may be inappropriate at body surface area extremes.” Crit Care 16, no. 5 (September 4, 2012): 149. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc11452.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, William T. McGee, and Thomas Higgins. “Importance of intravenous fluid dose and composition in surgical ICU patients.” Curr Opin Crit Care 18, no. 4 (August 2012): 350–57. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0b013e328355598c.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik. “Checklists, safety, my culture and me.” Bmj Qual Saf 21, no. 7 (July 2012): 617–20. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2011-000608.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Joshua A. Bloomstone, and William T. McGee. “Cardiac output measured with both esophageal Doppler device and Vigileo-FloTrac device.” Anesth Analg 114, no. 5 (May 2012): 1141–42. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182501c5e.
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  - Bloomstone, Joshua A., Karthik Raghunathan, and William T. McGee. “Why the gray zone may shift within the fog.” Anesthesiology 116, no. 3 (March 2012): 739–40. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182472339.
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  - Connelly, Neil Roy, Jorge P. Freiman, Tanya Lucas, Robert K. Parker, Karthik Raghunathan, Charles Gibson, Brennan Katz, and Chad Iwashita. “Addition of epinephrine to epidural bupivacaine infusions following initiation of labor analgesia with epidural fentanyl.” J Clin Anesth 23, no. 4 (June 2011): 265–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2010.09.005.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Hani Al-Najjar, and Adam Snavely. “Control charts and control limits.” Anesth Analg 112, no. 3 (March 2011): 736–37. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e31820685f0.
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  - Malik, Ashish, Eric R. Jenkins, Karthik Raghunathan, and Neil Roy Connelly. “General anesthesia is not defined by a BIS level.” J Clin Anesth 23, no. 1 (February 2011): 79–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2010.09.002.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Neil Roy Connelly, and Gary J. Kanter. “ε-Aminocaproic acid and clinical value in cardiac anesthesia.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 25, no. 1 (February 2011): 16–19. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2010.07.024.
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  - Schwartz, Donald A., Karthik Raghunathan, and Neil Roy Connelly. “Reply to 'Successful resuscitation of bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity in a neonate'.” Paediatr Anaesth 20, no. 12 (December 2010): 1136–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2010.03455.x.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Neil Roy Connelly, Larry D. Robbins, Rose Ganim, Gary Hochheiser, and Rebecca DiCampli. “Inhaled epoprostenol during one-lung ventilation.” Ann Thorac Surg 89, no. 3 (March 2010): 981–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.07.059.
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  - Connelly, Neil Roy, and Karthik Raghunathan. “The value of the P-value.” J Clin Anesth 22, no. 2 (March 2010): 154–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2009.07.005.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Donald A. Schwartz, and Neil Roy Connelly. “The need for perspective.” Anesthesiology 111, no. 6 (December 2009): 1386. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181c0d930.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Karin L. Zuegge, Neil Roy Connelly, and Tanya Lucas. “Maternal hemodynamic monitoring and the Vigileo monitor.” Anesthesiology 111, no. 1 (July 2009): 211–12. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181a86320.
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  - Schwartz, Donald, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Difficult venous access.” Paediatr Anaesth 19, no. 1 (January 2009): 60. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2008.02804.x.
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  - Schwartz, Donald, and Karthik Raghunathan. “Anesthesia and mitochondrial disorders.” Paediatr Anaesth 19, no. 1 (January 2009): 60–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2008.02805.x.
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  - Raghunathan, K., D. Schwartz, and N. R. Connelly. “Determining the accuracy of caudal needle placement in children: A comparison of the swoosh test and ultrasonography (Pediatric Anesthesia (2008) 18, (606-612)).” Paediatric Anaesthesia 18, no. 11 (November 1, 2008): 1147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2008.02817.x.
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  - Raghunathan, Karthik, Donald Schwartz, and Neil Roy Connelly. “Determining the accuracy of caudal needle placement in children: a comparison of the swoosh test and ultrasonography.” Paediatr Anaesth 18, no. 7 (July 2008): 606–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2008.02529.x.
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  - Schwartz, D., and K. Raghunathan. “Reply.” Paediatric Anaesthesia 18, no. 4 (April 1, 2008): 334–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2008.02439.x.
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  - Schwartz, Donald, Karthik Raghunathan, Steven Dunn, and Neil Roy Connelly. “Ultrasonography and pediatric caudals.” Anesth Analg 106, no. 1 (January 2008): 97–99. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000287681.41646.b8.
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  - Liang, Bryan A. “To tell the truth: potential liability for concealing physician impairment.” J Clin Anesth 19, no. 8 (December 2007): 638–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2007.10.001.
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  - Schwartz, Donald, Karthik Raghunathan, and David Han. “The 'Doppler-swoosh' test: a further modification to the 'swoosh' test.” Paediatr Anaesth 17, no. 6 (June 2007): 600–601. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2006.02163.x.
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  - Connelly, N. R., and K. Raghunathan. “Commentary.” Journal of Clinical Anesthesia 19, no. 8 (January 1, 2007): 639–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2007.10.002.
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- Conference Papers
  - Jones, Rayleen C., Claire J. Creutzfeldt, Christopher E. Cox, Krista L. Haines, Catherine L. Hough, Monica S. Vavilala, Theresa Williamson, et al. “Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health Care Utilization Following Severe Acute Brain Injury in the United States.” In J Intensive Care Med, 36:1258–63, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885066620945911.
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