Stephen Thomas Keir | Scholars@Duke

Stephen Thomas Keir
Professor in Neurosurgery

Brain Tumors, Preclinical Testing, Translational Research

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor in Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology, Neurosurgery 2021
Member of the Duke Cancer Institute, Duke Cancer Institute, Institutes and Centers 1992

Contact Information

231 Baker House, Durham, NC 27710
Box 3624 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
keir0001@mc.duke.edu (919) 684-5301

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- M.M.C.i., Duke University 2019
- DrPH, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 2004
- M.P.H., University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 2001
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Professor in Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology, Neurosurgery 2017 - 2020
- Professor in Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery 2015 - 2017
- Associate Professor of Surgery, Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery 2010 - 2015
- Associate Professor in Surgery, Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology, Neurosurgery 2009 - 2010
- Assistant Professor in Surgery, Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology, Neurosurgery 2006 - 2008
- Assistant Research Professor in Surgery, Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology, Neurosurgery 2005 - 2006
Recognition
Awards & Honors
Research
Selected Grants
- ATRXmutations,innate immune activation and therapeutic vunerabilityin malignant gliomas awarded by National Institutes of Health 2022 - 2027
- The role of SMARCAL1 in glioma telomere maintenance. awarded by National Institutes of Health 2022 - 2025
- PRECLINICAL THERAPEUTIC SCREENING FOR NEW THERAPIES FOR GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME awarded by Jewish Communal Fund 2022 - 2023
- Evaluation of Cannabinoid Therapeutics in Brain Tumor Xenografts awarded by Diverse Biotech 2021 - 2022
- Oncolytic Viral Therapy in Brain Tumor Setting awarded by ImmVira Pharma Co., Ltd. 2020 - 2022
- Patient Avatars for Pediatric Brain Tumors awarded by Ian's Friends Foundation 2020 - 2021
- Evaluation of Panobinostat in Patient Derived Adult IDH1 Mutated Brain Tumor Xenografts awarded by Midatech Pharma Plc 2018 - 2020
- Assessment of ST101 in Glioblastoma awarded by Sapience Therapeutics Inc. 2018 - 2020
- Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium awarded by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital 2014 - 2017
- Truncated GLI1 In Glioblastoma awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014
- Regional AGT Depletion of CNS and Leptomeningeal Tumors awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2006
Fellowships, Supported Research, & Other Grants
- Evaluation of Ipatasertib in Pediatric HGG awarded by F.Hoffman-La Roche LDS 2018 - 2019
- Assessment of ST101 in GBM awarded by Sapience Therapeutics Inc 2018 - 2020
- Evaluation of Panobinostat in Patient Derived Adult IDH1 Mutated Brain Tumor Xenografts awarded by Midatech Pharma Plc 2018 - 2019
External Relationships
- Diverse Bio Pharma
- Immvira
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Hariharan, Seethalakshmi, Benjamin T. Whitfield, Christopher J. Pirozzi, Matthew S. Waitkus, Michael C. Brown, Michelle L. Bowie, David M. Irvin, et al. “Interplay between ATRX and IDH1 mutations governs innate immune responses in diffuse gliomas.” Biorxiv, April 21, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.04.20.537594.
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  - Liu, Heng, Cheng Xu, Bill H. Diplas, Alexandrea Brown, Laura M. Strickland, Haipei Yao, Jinjie Ling, et al. “Cancer-associated SMARCAL1 loss-of-function mutations promote alternative lengthening of telomeres and tumorigenesis in telomerase-negative glioblastoma cells.” Neuro Oncol, January 23, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad022.
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  - Marquardt, Viktoria, Johanna Theruvath, David Pauck, Daniel Picard, Nan Qin, Lena Blümel, Mara Maue, et al. “Tacedinaline (CI-994), a class I HDAC inhibitor, targets intrinsic tumor growth and leptomeningeal dissemination in MYC-driven medulloblastoma while making them susceptible to anti-CD47-induced macrophage phagocytosis via NF-kB-TGM2 driven tumor inflammation.” J Immunother Cancer 11, no. 1 (January 2023). https://doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-005871.
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  - Wei, Shiyou, Delong Yin, Shengnan Yu, Xiang Lin, Milan R. Savani, Kuang Du, Yin Ku, et al. “Antitumor Activity of a Mitochondrial-Targeted HSP90 Inhibitor in Gliomas.” Clin Cancer Res 28, no. 10 (May 13, 2022): 2180–95. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0833.
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  - Yao, Xiaoliang, Dayun Yan, Li Lin, Jonathan H. Sherman, Katherine B. Peters, Stephen T. Keir, and Michael Keidar. “Cold Plasma Discharge Tube Enhances Antitumoral Efficacy of Temozolomide.” Acs Appl Bio Mater 5, no. 4 (April 18, 2022): 1610–23. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.2c00018.
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  - Yu, Shengnan, Shiyou Wei, Milan Savani, Xiang Lin, Kuang Du, Ilgen Mender, Silvia Siteni, et al. “A Modified Nucleoside 6-Thio-2'-Deoxyguanosine Exhibits Antitumor Activity in Gliomas.” Clin Cancer Res 27, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 6800–6814. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0374.
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  - Hansen, Landon J., Ran Sun, Rui Yang, Simranjit X. Singh, Lee H. Chen, Christopher J. Pirozzi, Casey J. Moure, et al. “MTAP Loss Promotes Stemness in Glioblastoma and Confers Unique Susceptibility to Purine Starvation.” Cancer Res 79, no. 13 (July 1, 2019): 3383–94. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-1010.
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  - Yu, Xin, Mikhail Dobrikov, Stephen T. Keir, Matthias Gromeier, Ira H. Pastan, Ralph Reisfeld, Darell D. Bigner, and Vidyalakshmi Chandramohan. “Synergistic antitumor effects of 9.2.27-PE38KDEL and ABT-737 in primary and metastatic brain tumors.” Plos One 14, no. 1 (2019): e0210608. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210608.
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  - Thompson, Eric M., Daniel Landi, David Ashley, Stephen T. Keir, and Darell Bigner. “Bevacizumab, irinotecan, temozolomide, tyrosine kinase inhibition, and MEK inhibition are effective against pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma regardless of V600E status.” J Neurooncol 140, no. 2 (November 2018): 261–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-018-2975-5.
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  - Poteet, Ethan, Gourav Roy Choudhury, Ali Winters, Wenjun Li, Myoung-Gwi Ryou, Ran Liu, Lin Tang, et al. “Correction: Reversing the Warburg effect as a treatment for glioblastoma.” J Biol Chem 293, no. 39 (September 28, 2018): 14973. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.AAC118.005625.
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  - Gedeon, Patrick C., Teilo H. Schaller, Satish K. Chitneni, Bryan D. Choi, Chien-Tsun Kuan, Carter M. Suryadevara, David J. Snyder, et al. “A Rationally Designed Fully Human EGFRvIII:CD3-Targeted Bispecific Antibody Redirects Human T Cells to Treat Patient-derived Intracerebral Malignant Glioma.” Clin Cancer Res 24, no. 15 (August 1, 2018): 3611–31. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-0126.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Vidyalakshmi Chandramohan, Carlee D. Hemphill, Michael M. Grandal, Maria Carlsen Melander, Mikkel W. Pedersen, Ivan D. Horak, et al. “Sym004-induced EGFR elimination is associated with profound anti-tumor activity in EGFRvIII patient-derived glioblastoma models.” J Neurooncol 138, no. 3 (July 2018): 489–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-018-2832-6.
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  - Mack, Stephen C., Kristian W. Pajtler, Lukas Chavez, Konstantin Okonechnikov, Kelsey C. Bertrand, Xiuxing Wang, Serap Erkek, et al. “Therapeutic targeting of ependymoma as informed by oncogenic enhancer profiling.” Nature 553, no. 7686 (January 4, 2018): 101–5. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25169.
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  - Chandramohan, Vidyalakshmi, Jeffrey D. Bryant, Hailan Piao, Stephen T. Keir, Eric S. Lipp, Michaela Lefaivre, Kathryn Perkinson, Darell D. Bigner, Matthias Gromeier, and Roger E. McLendon. “Validation of an Immunohistochemistry Assay for Detection of CD155, the Poliovirus Receptor, in Malignant Gliomas.” Arch Pathol Lab Med 141, no. 12 (December 2017): 1697–1704. https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2016-0580-OA.
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  - Randazzo, Dina M., Frances McSherry, James E. Herndon, Mary Lou Affronti, Eric S. Lipp, Charlene Flahiff, Elizabeth Miller, et al. “A cross sectional analysis from a single institution's experience of psychosocial distress and health-related quality of life in the primary brain tumor population.” J Neurooncol 134, no. 2 (September 2017): 363–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-017-2535-4.
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  - Thompson, Eric M., Stephen T. Keir, Talaignair Venkatraman, Christopher Lascola, Kristen W. Yeom, Andrew B. Nixon, Yingmiao Liu, et al. “The role of angiogenesis in Group 3 medulloblastoma pathogenesis and survival.” Neuro Oncol 19, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 1217–27. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox033.
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  - Kurmasheva, Raushan T., Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Stephen T. Keir, John M. Maris, Richard B. Lock, Hernan Carol, et al. “Initial testing of VS-4718, a novel inhibitor of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), against pediatric tumor models by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 64, no. 4 (April 2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.26304.
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  - Lock, Richard, Hernan Carol, John M. Maris, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the curaxin CBL0137 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 64, no. 4 (April 2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.26263.
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  - Kang, Min H., C Patrick Reynolds, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Hernan Carol, Richard Lock, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial Testing (Stage 1) of MK-8242-A Novel MDM2 Inhibitor-by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 63, no. 10 (October 2016): 1744–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.26064.
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  - Murphy, Brendan, Han Yin, John M. Maris, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, et al. “Evaluation of Alternative In Vivo Drug Screening Methodology: A Single Mouse Analysis.” Cancer Res 76, no. 19 (October 1, 2016): 5798–5809. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0122.
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  - Bushey, Ryan T., M Anthony Moody, Nathan L. Nicely, Barton F. Haynes, S Munir Alam, Stephen T. Keir, Rex C. Bentley, et al. “A Therapeutic Antibody for Cancer, Derived from Single Human B Cells.” Cell Rep 15, no. 7 (May 17, 2016): 1505–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.04.038.
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  - Gorlick, Richard, E Anders Kolb, Stephen T. Keir, John M. Maris, Richard B. Lock, Hernan Carol, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial Testing of NSC 750854, a Novel Purine Analog, Against Pediatric Tumor Models by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 63, no. 3 (March 2016): 443–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25826.
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  - Attiyeh, Edward F., John M. Maris, Richard Lock, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, Hernan Carol, Richard Gorlick, et al. “Pharmacodynamic and genomic markers associated with response to the XPO1/CRM1 inhibitor selinexor (KPT-330): A report from the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 63, no. 2 (February 2016): 276–86. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25727.
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  - Hu, Jing, Tao Sun, Hui Wang, Zhengxin Chen, Shuai Wang, Lifeng Yuan, Tingyu Liu, et al. “MiR-215 Is Induced Post-transcriptionally via HIF-Drosha Complex and Mediates Glioma-Initiating Cell Adaptation to Hypoxia by Targeting KDM1B.” Cancer Cell 29, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 49–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2015.12.005.
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  - Okamura, Tatsunori, Gamil Antoun, Stephen T. Keir, Henry Friedman, Darell D. Bigner, and Francis Ali-Osman. “Phosphorylation of Glutathione S-Transferase P1 (GSTP1) by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Promotes Formation of the GSTP1-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) Complex and Suppresses JNK Downstream Signaling and Apoptosis in Brain Tumor Cells.” J Biol Chem 290, no. 52 (December 25, 2015): 30866–78. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.656140.
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  - Choudhury, Kingshuk Roy, Stephen T. Keir, Kathleen A. Ashcraft, Mary-Keara Boss, and Mark W. Dewhirst. “Dynamic treatment effect (DTE) curves reveal the mode of action for standard and experimental cancer therapies.” Oncotarget 6, no. 16 (June 10, 2015): 14656–68. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.4141.
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  - Brown, Kristine E., Gustavo Chagoya, Shawn G. Kwatra, Timothy Yen, Stephen T. Keir, Mary Cooter, Katherine A. Hoadley, et al. “Proteomic profiling of patient-derived glioblastoma xenografts identifies a subset with activated EGFR: implications for drug development.” J Neurochem 133, no. 5 (June 2015): 730–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.13032.
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  - Kolb, E Anders, Richard Gorlick, Stephen T. Keir, John M. Maris, Min H. Kang, C Patrick Reynolds, Richard B. Lock, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of BAL101553, a novel tubulin binding agent, by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 62, no. 6 (June 2015): 1106–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25329.
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  - Smith, Malcolm A., C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Hernan Carol, Richard B. Lock, et al. “Synergistic activity of PARP inhibition by talazoparib (BMN 673) with temozolomide in pediatric cancer models in the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Clin Cancer Res 21, no. 4 (February 15, 2015): 819–32. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-2572.
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  - Smith, Malcolm A., Oliver A. Hampton, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, John M. Maris, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the PARP inhibitor BMN 673 by the pediatric preclinical testing program: PALB2 mutation predicts exceptional in vivo response to BMN 673.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 62, no. 1 (January 2015): 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25201.
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  - Di, Kaijun, Stephen T. Keir, Daniela Alexandru-Abrams, Xing Gong, Howard Nguyen, Henry S. Friedman, and Daniela A. Bota. “Profiling Hsp90 differential expression and the molecular effects of the Hsp90 inhibitor IPI-504 in high-grade glioma models.” J Neurooncol 120, no. 3 (December 2014): 473–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-014-1579-y.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Raushan T. Kurmasheva, Dmitry Lyalin, John M. Maris, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial solid tumor testing (stage 1) of AZD1480, an inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 61, no. 11 (November 2014): 1972–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25175.
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  - Wang, Hui, Tao Sun, Jing Hu, Rui Zhang, Yanhua Rao, Shuai Wang, Rui Chen, et al. “miR-33a promotes glioma-initiating cell self-renewal via PKA and NOTCH pathways.” J Clin Invest 124, no. 10 (October 2014): 4489–4502. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI75284.
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  - “Erratum.” Pediatric Blood &Amp; Cancer 61, no. 9 (September 2014): 1716–1716. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25186.
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  - Carol, Hernan, John M. Maris, Min H. Kang, C Patrick Reynolds, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the notch inhibitor PF-03084014, by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 61, no. 8 (August 2014): 1493–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25026.
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  - Kang, Min H., C Patrick Reynolds, John M. Maris, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the investigational mTOR kinase inhibitor MLN0128 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 61, no. 8 (August 2014): 1486–89. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24989.
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  - Killela, Patrick J., Christopher J. Pirozzi, Patrick Healy, Zachary J. Reitman, Eric Lipp, B Ahmed Rasheed, Rui Yang, et al. “Mutations in IDH1, IDH2, and in the TERT promoter define clinically distinct subgroups of adult malignant gliomas.” Oncotarget 5, no. 6 (March 30, 2014): 1515–25. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.1765.
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  - Carol, Hernan, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Christopher L. Morton, Donya Moradi Manesh, Stephen T. Keir, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the histone deacetylase inhibitor, quisinostat (JNJ-26481585), by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 61, no. 2 (February 2014): 245–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24724.
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  - Gorlick, Richard, E Anders Kolb, Stephen T. Keir, John M. Maris, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, Hernan Carol, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the Polo-like kinase inhibitor volasertib (BI 6727), by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 61, no. 1 (January 2014): 158–64. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24616.
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  - Guo, Changcun, Lee H. Chen, Yafen Huang, Chun-Chi Chang, Ping Wang, Christopher J. Pirozzi, Xiaoxia Qin, et al. “KMT2D maintains neoplastic cell proliferation and global histone H3 lysine 4 monomethylation.” Oncotarget 4, no. 11 (November 2013): 2144–53. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.1555.
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  - Wood, Andrew C., John M. Maris, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Stephen T. Keir, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, et al. “Initial testing (Stage 1) of the antibody-maytansinoid conjugate, IMGN901 (Lorvotuzumab mertansine), by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 60, no. 11 (November 2013): 1860–67. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24647.
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  - Frattini, Veronique, Vladimir Trifonov, Joseph Minhow Chan, Angelica Castano, Marie Lia, Francesco Abate, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “The integrated landscape of driver genomic alterations in glioblastoma.” Nat Genet 45, no. 10 (October 2013): 1141–49. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2734.
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  - Chandramohan, Vidyalakshmi, Xuhui Bao, Stephen T. Keir, Charles N. Pegram, Scott E. Szafranski, Hailan Piao, Carol J. Wikstrand, et al. “Construction of an immunotoxin, D2C7-(scdsFv)-PE38KDEL, targeting EGFRwt and EGFRvIII for brain tumor therapy.” Clin Cancer Res 19, no. 17 (September 1, 2013): 4717–27. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-3891.
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  - Kolb, E Anders, Richard Gorlick, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, Hernan Carol, Richard Lock, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of eribulin, a novel tubulin binding agent, by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 60, no. 8 (August 2013): 1325–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24517.
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  - Lock, Richard B., Hernan Carol, John M. Maris, Min H. Kang, C Patrick Reynolds, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of ganetespib, an Hsp90 inhibitor, by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 60, no. 7 (July 2013): E42–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24451.
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  - Chandramohan, Vidyalakshmi, Xuhui Bao, Mika Kato Kaneko, Yukinari Kato, Stephen T. Keir, Scott E. Szafranski, Chien-Tsun Kuan, Ira H. Pastan, and Darell D. Bigner. “Recombinant anti-podoplanin (NZ-1) immunotoxin for the treatment of malignant brain tumors.” Int J Cancer 132, no. 10 (May 15, 2013): 2339–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.27919.
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  - Reynolds, C Patrick, Min H. Kang, Hernan Carol, Richard Lock, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Raushan T. Kurmasheva, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase inhibitor, SAR245408 (XL147) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 60, no. 5 (May 2013): 791–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24301.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., John M. Maris, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Richard Lock, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of temozolomide by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 60, no. 5 (May 2013): 783–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24368.
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  - Bettegowda, Chetan, Nishant Agrawal, Yuchen Jiao, Yuxuan Wang, Laura D. Wood, Fausto J. Rodriguez, Ralph H. Hruban, et al. “Exomic sequencing of four rare central nervous system tumor types.” Oncotarget 4, no. 4 (April 2013): 572–83. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.964.
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  - Carol, Hernan, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, Stephen T. Keir, John M. Maris, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, et al. “Initial testing of the MDM2 inhibitor RG7112 by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 60, no. 4 (April 2013): 633–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24235.
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  - Poteet, Ethan, Gourav Roy Choudhury, Ali Winters, Wenjun Li, Myoung-Gwi Ryou, Ran Liu, Lin Tang, et al. “Reversing the Warburg effect as a treatment for glioblastoma.” J Biol Chem 288, no. 13 (March 29, 2013): 9153–64. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.440354.
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  - Frattini, V., V. Trifonov, J. M. Chan, A. Castano, M. Lia, F. Abate, S. T. Keir, et al. “The integrated landscape of driver genomic alterations in glioblastoma.” Nature Genetics 45, no. 10 (2013): 1141–49. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2734.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Henry S. Friedman, David A. Reardon, Darell D. Bigner, and Lloyd A. Gray. “Mibefradil, a novel therapy for glioblastoma multiforme: cell cycle synchronization and interlaced therapy in a murine model.” J Neurooncol 111, no. 2 (January 2013): 97–102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-012-0995-0.
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  - Piao, Hailan, Chien-Tsun Kuan, Vidya Chandramohan, Stephen T. Keir, Charles N. Pegram, Xuhui Bao, Jan-Eric Månsson, Ira H. Pastan, and Darell D. Bigner. “Affinity-matured recombinant immunotoxin targeting gangliosides 3'-isoLM1 and 3',6'-isoLD1 on malignant gliomas.” Mabs 5, no. 5 (2013): 748–62. https://doi.org/10.4161/mabs.25860.
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  - Gorlick, Richard, E Anders Kolb, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, Geoffrey Neale, Stephen T. Keir, Hernan Carol, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor SCH 727965 (dinaciclib) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 59, no. 7 (December 15, 2012): 1266–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24073.
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  - Keir, Stephen Thomas, and Julia R. Saling. “Pilot study of the impact of massage therapy on sources and levels of distress in brain tumour patients.” Bmj Support Palliat Care 2, no. 4 (December 2012): 363–66. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000224.
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  - Gurley, Steven N., Ammaar H. Abidi, Patrick Allison, Peihong Guan, Christopher Duntsch, Jon H. Robertson, Stanley D. Kosanke, et al. “Mechanism of anti-glioma activity and in vivo efficacy of the cannabinoid ligand KM-233.” J Neurooncol 110, no. 2 (November 2012): 163–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-012-0958-5.
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  - Smith, M. A., J. M. Maris, R. Gorlick, E. A. Kolb, R. Lock, H. Carol, S. T. Keir, et al. “Malcolm A. Smith, John M. Maris, Richard Gorlick, E. Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Stephen T. Keir, C. Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, Christopher L. Morton, Jianrong Wu, Peter G. Smith, Jie Yu and Peter J. Houghton. Initial testing of the investigational NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor MLN4924 by the pediatric preclinical testing program. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012 Aug.; 59(2):246-253.” Pediatric Blood and Cancer 59, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 772–772. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24291.
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  - Batra, Vandana, John M. Maris, Min H. Kang, C Patrick Reynolds, Peter J. Houghton, Denise Alexander, E Anders Kolb, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of SGI-1776, a PIM1 kinase inhibitor, by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 59, no. 4 (October 2012): 749–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23364.
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  - Gorlick, Richard, John M. Maris, Peter J. Houghton, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Raushan T. Kurmasheva, E Anders Kolb, et al. “Testing of the Akt/PKB inhibitor MK-2206 by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 59, no. 3 (September 2012): 518–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23412.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Christopher L. Morton, Jianrong Wu, Raushan T. Kurmasheva, Peter J. Houghton, and Malcolm A. Smith. “Initial testing of the multitargeted kinase inhibitor pazopanib by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 59, no. 3 (September 2012): 586–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24016.
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  - Smith, Malcolm A., John M. Maris, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing of the investigational NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor MLN4924 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 59, no. 2 (August 2012): 246–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23357.
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  - Smith, Malcolm A., Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, John M. Maris, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing of JNJ-26854165 (Serdemetan) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 59, no. 2 (August 2012): 329–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23319.
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  - Kang, Min H., C Patrick Reynolds, Peter J. Houghton, Denise Alexander, Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, et al. “Initial testing (Stage 1) of AT13387, an HSP90 inhibitor, by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 59, no. 1 (July 15, 2012): 185–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23154.
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  - Lock, Richard B., Hernan Carol, Christopher L. Morton, Stephen T. Keir, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, John M. Maris, et al. “Initial testing of the CENP-E inhibitor GSK923295A by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 58, no. 6 (June 2012): 916–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23176.
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  - Kolb, E Anders, Richard Gorlick, John M. Maris, Stephen T. Keir, Christopher L. Morton, Jianrong Wu, Amy W. Wozniak, Malcolm A. Smith, and Peter J. Houghton. “Combination testing (Stage 2) of the Anti-IGF-1 receptor antibody IMC-A12 with rapamycin by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 58, no. 5 (May 2012): 729–35. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23157.
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  - Kolb, E Anders, Richard Gorlick, Stephen T. Keir, John M. Maris, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Raushan T. Kurmasheva, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) by the pediatric preclinical testing program of RO4929097, a γ-secretase inhibitor targeting notch signaling.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 58, no. 5 (May 2012): 815–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23290.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Min H. Kang, C Patrick Reynolds, Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of LCL161, a SMAC mimetic, by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 58, no. 4 (April 2012): 636–39. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23167.
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  - Morton, C. L., P. J. Houghton, E. A. Kolb, R. Gorlick, C. P. Reynolds, M. H. Kang, J. M. Maris, S. T. Keir, J. Wu, and M. A. Smith. “Initial testing of the replication competent Seneca Valley virus (NTX-010) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatric Blood and Cancer 58, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 652. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24083.
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  - Morton, Christopher L., John M. Maris, Stephen T. Keir, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Catherine A. Billups, Jianrong Wu, Malcolm A. Smith, and Peter J. Houghton. “Combination testing of cediranib (AZD2171) against childhood cancer models by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 58, no. 4 (April 2012): 566–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23159.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Christopher L. Morton, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 58, no. 2 (February 2012): 191–99. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22935.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Christopher L. Morton, Richard Gorlick, E. Anders Kolb, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Testing of the topoisomerase 1 inhibitor Genz-644282 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 58, no. 2 (February 2012): 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23016.
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  - Carol, Hernan, Ingrid Boehm, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, John M. Maris, Christopher L. Morton, Richard Gorlick, et al. “Efficacy and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of the Aurora kinase A inhibitor MLN8237 against preclinical models of pediatric cancer.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 68, no. 5 (November 2011): 1291–1304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-011-1618-8.
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  - Reynolds, C Patrick, Min H. Kang, Stephen T. Keir, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, John M. Maris, et al. “Initial testing of lenalidomide by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 57, no. 4 (October 2011): 606–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22877.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Christopher L. Morton, Doris Phelps, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, et al. “Initial testing of the hypoxia-activated prodrug PR-104 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 57, no. 3 (September 2011): 443–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22921.
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  - Smith, Malcolm A., John M. Maris, Richard Lock, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Stephen T. Keir, Hernan Carol, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the polyamine analog PG11047 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 57, no. 2 (August 2011): 268–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22797.
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  - Kuan, Chien-Tsun, Kenji Wakiya, Stephen T. Keir, Jianjun Li, James E. Herndon, Ira Pastan, and Darell D. Bigner. “Affinity-matured anti-glycoprotein NMB recombinant immunotoxins targeting malignant gliomas and melanomas.” Int J Cancer 129, no. 1 (July 1, 2011): 111–21. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.25645.
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  - Keir, Stephen Thomas. “Effect of massage therapy on stress levels and quality of life in brain tumor patients--observations from a pilot study.” Support Care Cancer 19, no. 5 (May 2011): 711–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-1032-5.
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  - Kolb, E Anders, Richard Gorlick, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Christopher L. Morton, Stephen T. Keir, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the IGF-1 receptor inhibitor BMS-754807 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 56, no. 4 (April 2011): 595–603. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22741.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Mark W. Dewhirst, John P. Kirkpatrick, Darell D. Bigner, and Ines Batinic-Haberle. “Cellular redox modulator, ortho Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-n-hexylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin, MnTnHex-2-PyP(5+) in the treatment of brain tumors.” Anticancer Agents Med Chem 11, no. 2 (February 2011): 202–12. https://doi.org/10.2174/187152011795255957.
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  - Parsons, D Williams, Meng Li, Xiaosong Zhang, Siân Jones, Rebecca J. Leary, Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin, Simina M. Boca, et al. “The genetic landscape of the childhood cancer medulloblastoma.” Science 331, no. 6016 (January 28, 2011): 435–39. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1198056.
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  - Carol, Hernan, Christopher L. Morton, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Stephen T. Keir, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the Akt inhibitor GSK690693 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 55, no. 7 (December 15, 2010): 1329–37. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22710.
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  - Gamez, Idoia, Robert P. Ryan, and Stephen T. Keir. “Corticorelin acetate, a synthetic corticotropin-releasing factor with preclinical antitumor activity, alone and with bevacizumab, against human brain tumor models.” Anticancer Res 30, no. 12 (December 2010): 5037–42.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., John M. Maris, Richard Lock, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Hernan Carol, Christopher L. Morton, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the multi-targeted kinase inhibitor sorafenib by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 55, no. 6 (December 1, 2010): 1126–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22712.
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  - Kato, Yukinari, Ganesan Vaidyanathan, Mika Kato Kaneko, Kazuhiko Mishima, Nidhi Srivastava, Vidyalakshmi Chandramohan, Charles Pegram, et al. “Evaluation of anti-podoplanin rat monoclonal antibody NZ-1 for targeting malignant gliomas.” Nucl Med Biol 37, no. 7 (October 2010): 785–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.03.010.
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  - Kolb, E Anders, Richard Gorlick, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, Geoffrey Neale, Stephen T. Keir, Hernan Carol, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 55, no. 4 (October 2010): 668–77. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22576.
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  - Jin, Genglin, Stephen Cook, Bo Cui, William C. Chen, Stephen T. Keir, Patrick Killela, Chunhui Di, et al. “HDMX regulates p53 activity and confers chemoresistance to 3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea.” Neuro Oncol 12, no. 9 (September 2010): 956–66. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noq045.
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  - Zhu, Hu, Xinyu Cao, Francis Ali-Osman, Stephen Keir, and Hui-Wen Lo. “EGFR and EGFRvIII interact with PUMA to inhibit mitochondrial translocalization of PUMA and PUMA-mediated apoptosis independent of EGFR kinase activity.” Cancer Lett 294, no. 1 (August 1, 2010): 101–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2010.01.028.
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  - Morton, Christopher L., Peter J. Houghton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, John M. Maris, Stephen T. Keir, Jianrong Wu, and Malcolm A. Smith. “Initial testing of the replication competent Seneca Valley virus (NTX-010) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 55, no. 2 (August 2010): 295–303. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22535.
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  - Maris, John M., Christopher L. Morton, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing of the aurora kinase A inhibitor MLN8237 by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program (PPTP).” Pediatr Blood Cancer 55, no. 1 (July 15, 2010): 26–34. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22430.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Christopher L. Morton, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Stephen T. Keir, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, John M. Maris, Jianrong Wu, and Malcolm A. Smith. “Initial testing of a monoclonal antibody (IMC-A12) against IGF-1R by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 54, no. 7 (July 1, 2010): 921–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22367.
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  - Carol, Hernan, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, et al. “Initial testing of topotecan by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 54, no. 5 (May 2010): 707–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22352.
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  - Jones, L. W., B. L. Viglianti, J. A. Tashjian, S. M. Kothadia, S. T. Keir, S. J. Freedland, M. Q. Potter, et al. “Erratum: Effect of aerobic exercise on tumor physiology in an animal model of human breast cancer (Journal of Applied Physiology (2010) 108: (343-348) DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00424.2009).” Journal of Applied Physiology 108, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 1021. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.zdg-9024-corr.2010.
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  - Jones, Lee W., Benjamin L. Viglianti, Jessica A. Tashjian, Sejal M. Kothadia, Stephen T. Keir, Stephen J. Freedland, Michael Q. Potter, et al. “Effect of aerobic exercise on tumor physiology in an animal model of human breast cancer.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 108, no. 2 (February 2010): 343–48. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00424.2009.
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  - Smith, Malcolm A., Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Stephen T. Keir, Hernan Carol, Richard Lock, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of mapatumumab (HGS-ETR1) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 54, no. 2 (February 2010): 307–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22188.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Christopher L. Morton, Richard Gorlick, Richard B. Lock, Hernan Carol, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H. Kang, et al. “Stage 2 combination testing of rapamycin with cytotoxic agents by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program.” Mol Cancer Ther 9, no. 1 (January 2010): 101–12. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0952.
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  - Vaidyanathan, Ganesan, Donna J. Affleck, Xiao-Guang Zhao, Stephen T. Keir, and Michael R. Zalutsky. “[Lu]-DOTA-Tyr-octreotate: A Potential Targeted Radiotherapeutic for the Treatment of Medulloblastoma.” Curr Radiopharm 3, no. 1 (2010): 29–36. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874471011003010029.
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  - Carol, Hernan, Richard Lock, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the kinesin spindle protein inhibitor ispinesib by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 53, no. 7 (December 15, 2009): 1255–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22056.
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  - Gorlick, Richard, E Anders Kolb, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, Doris Phelps, Paula Schaiquevich, Clinton Stewart, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of lapatinib by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 53, no. 4 (October 2009): 594–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21989.
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  - Keshelava, Nino, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, Richard B. Lock, Hernan Carol, Stephen T. Keir, John M. Maris, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of vorinostat (SAHA) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 53, no. 3 (September 2009): 505–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21988.
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  - Morton, Christopher L., Peter J. Houghton, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing of aplidin by the pediatric pre-clinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 53, no. 3 (September 2009): 509–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21976.
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  - Keir, S. T., M. M. Farland, E. S. Lipp, and H. S. Friedman. “Family appraisal of caregiving in a brain cancer model.” Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1097/NJH.0b013e3181917e35.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Margaret M. Farland, Eric S. Lipp, and Henry S. Friedman. “Distress persists in long-term brain tumor survivors with glioblastoma multiforme.” J Cancer Surviv 2, no. 4 (December 2008): 269–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-008-0069-7.
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  - Parsons, D Williams, Siân Jones, Xiaosong Zhang, Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin, Rebecca J. Leary, Philipp Angenendt, Parminder Mankoo, et al. “An integrated genomic analysis of human glioblastoma multiforme.” Science 321, no. 5897 (September 26, 2008): 1807–12. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164382.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Christopher L. Morton, Catherine Billups, Malcolm A. Smith, Peter J. Houghton, and Sridharan Gururangan. “Initial testing of VNP40101M (Cloretazine) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 51, no. 3 (September 2008): 439–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21620.
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  - Maris, John M., Joshua Courtright, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Mayamin Tajbakhsh, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of sunitinib by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 51, no. 1 (July 2008): 42–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21535.
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  - Smith, Malcolm A., Christopher L. Morton, Doris A. Phelps, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Stage 1 testing and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the HSP90 inhibitor alvespimycin (17-DMAG, KOS-1022) by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 51, no. 1 (July 2008): 34–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21508.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Roberta D. Calhoun-Eagan, Jonas J. Swartz, Oussama A. Saleh, and Henry S. Friedman. “Screening for distress in patients with brain cancer using the NCCN's rapid screening measure.” Psychooncology 17, no. 6 (June 2008): 621–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1271.
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  - Kolb, E Anders, Richard Gorlick, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, Richard B. Lock, Mayamin Tajbakhsh, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial testing of dasatinib by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 50, no. 6 (June 2008): 1198–1206. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21368.
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  - Kolb, E Anders, Richard Gorlick, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of a monoclonal antibody (SCH 717454) against the IGF-1 receptor by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 50, no. 6 (June 2008): 1190–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21450.
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  - Lock, Richard, Hernan Carol, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the BH3 mimetic ABT-263 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 50, no. 6 (June 2008): 1181–89. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21433.
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  - Tajbakhsh, Mimi, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, John M. Maris, Stephen T. Keir, et al. “Initial testing of cisplatin by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 50, no. 5 (May 2008): 992–1000. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21263.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Gorlick, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, C Patrick Reynolds, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 50, no. 4 (April 2008): 799–805. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21296.
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  - Maris, John M., Joshua Courtright, Peter J. Houghton, Christopher L. Morton, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, et al. “Initial testing of the VEGFR inhibitor AZD2171 by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 50, no. 3 (March 2008): 581–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21232.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Christopher L. Morton, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, C Patrick Reynolds, Nino Keshelava, et al. “Initial testing (stage 1) of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib by the pediatric preclinical testing program.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 50, no. 1 (January 2008): 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21214.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Jonas J. Swartz, and Henry S. Friedman. “Stress and long-term survivors of brain cancer.” Support Care Cancer 15, no. 12 (December 2007): 1423–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-007-0292-1.
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  - Houghton, Peter J., Christopher L. Morton, Chandra Tucker, Debbie Payne, Edward Favours, Claire Cole, Richard Gorlick, et al. “The pediatric preclinical testing program: description of models and early testing results.” Pediatr Blood Cancer 49, no. 7 (December 2007): 928–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21078.
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  - Swartz, Jonas J., and Stephen T. Keir. “Program preferences to reduce stress in caregivers of patients with brain tumors.” Clin J Oncol Nurs 11, no. 5 (October 2007): 723–27. https://doi.org/10.1188/07.CJON.723-727.
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  - Hjelmeland, Anita B., Kathryn P. Lattimore, Brian E. Fee, Qing Shi, Sarah Wickman, Stephen T. Keir, Mark D. Hjelmeland, et al. “The combination of novel low molecular weight inhibitors of RAF (LBT613) and target of rapamycin (RAD001) decreases glioma proliferation and invasion.” Mol Cancer Ther 6, no. 9 (September 2007): 2449–57. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-0155.
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  - Badruddoja, Michael A., Stephen T. Keir, Ivan King, Joseph Zeidner, James J. Vredenburgh, Lawrence H. Muhlbaier, Darell D. Bigner, and Henry S. Friedman. “Activity of VNP40101M (Cloretazine) in the treatment of CNS tumor xenografts in athymic mice.” Neuro Oncol 9, no. 3 (July 2007): 240–44. https://doi.org/10.1215/15228517-2007-011.
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  - Shi, Qing, Anita B. Hjelmeland, Stephen T. Keir, Linhua Song, Sarah Wickman, Dowdy Jackson, Osamu Ohmori, Darell D. Bigner, Henry S. Friedman, and Jeremy N. Rich. “A novel low-molecular weight inhibitor of focal adhesion kinase, TAE226, inhibits glioma growth.” Mol Carcinog 46, no. 6 (June 2007): 488–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.20297.
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  - Jones, Lee W., Bebe Guill, Stephen T. Keir, Karen Carter, Henry S. Friedman, Darell D. Bigner, and David A. Reardon. “Using the theory of planned behavior to understand the determinants of exercise intention in patients diagnosed with primary brain cancer.” Psychooncology 16, no. 3 (March 2007): 232–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1077.
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  - Jones, Lee W., Bebe Guill, Stephen T. Keir, Karen Carter, Henry S. Friedman, Darell D. Bigner, and David A. Reardon. “Exercise interest and preferences among patients diagnosed with primary brain cancer.” Support Care Cancer 15, no. 1 (January 2007): 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-006-0096-8.
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  - Keir, Stephen T. “Levels of stress and intervention preferences of caregivers of brain tumor patients.” Cancer Nurs 30, no. 6 (2007): E33–39. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NCC.0000300174.18584.f9.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Ann Bebe Guill, Karen E. Carter, and Henry S. Friedman. “Stress and intervention preferences of patients with brain tumors.” Support Care Cancer 14, no. 12 (December 2006): 1213–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-006-0087-9.
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  - Keir, Stephen T., Ann Bebe Guill, Karen E. Carter, Lindsay C. Boole, Lazaro Gonzales, and Henry S. Friedman. “Differential levels of stress in caregivers of brain tumor patients--observations from a pilot study.” Support Care Cancer 14, no. 12 (December 2006): 1258–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-006-0090-1.
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  - Sathornsumetee, Sith, Anita B. Hjelmeland, Stephen T. Keir, Roger E. McLendon, David Batt, Timothy Ramsey, Naeem Yusuff, et al. “AAL881, a novel small molecule inhibitor of RAF and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activities, blocks the growth of malignant glioma.” Cancer Res 66, no. 17 (September 1, 2006): 8722–30. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0284.
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  - Jones, Lee W., Bebe Guill, Stephen T. Keir, Karen Carter B S, Henry S. Friedman, Darrell D. Bigner, and David A. Reardon. “Patterns of exercise across the cancer trajectory in brain tumor patients.” Cancer 106, no. 10 (May 15, 2006): 2224–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.21858.
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  - Rich, Jeremy N., Sith Sathornsumetee, Stephen T. Keir, Mark W. Kieran, Andrea Laforme, Arja Kaipainen, Roger E. McLendon, et al. “ZD6474, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor, inhibits tumor growth of multiple nervous system tumors.” Clin Cancer Res 11, no. 22 (November 15, 2005): 8145–57. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-0319.
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  - Cheng, C Lynn, Stewart P. Johnson, Stephen T. Keir, Jennifer A. Quinn, Francis Ali-Osman, Csaba Szabo, Hongshan Li, et al. “Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibition reverses temozolomide resistance in a DNA mismatch repair-deficient malignant glioma xenograft.” Mol Cancer Ther 4, no. 9 (September 2005): 1364–68. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-05-0128.
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  - Goudar, Ranjit K., Qing Shi, Mark D. Hjelmeland, Stephen T. Keir, Roger E. McLendon, Carol J. Wikstrand, Elizabeth D. Reese, et al. “Combination therapy of inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (AEE788) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (RAD001) offers improved glioblastoma tumor growth inhibition.” Mol Cancer Ther 4, no. 1 (January 2005): 101–12.
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  - Friedman, Henry S., Stephen T. Keir, and Peter J. Houghton. “The emerging role of irinotecan (CPT-11) in the treatment of malignant glioma in brain tumors.” Cancer 97, no. 9 Suppl (May 1, 2003): 2359–62. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.11305.
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  - Friedman, Henry S., Stephen Keir, Anthony E. Pegg, Peter J. Houghton, O Michael Colvin, Robert C. Moschel, Darell D. Bigner, and M Eileen Dolan. “O6-benzylguanine-mediated enhancement of chemotherapy.” Mol Cancer Ther 1, no. 11 (September 2002): 943–48.
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  - Friedman, H. S., S. T. Keir, P. J. Houghton, A. A. Lawless, D. D. Bigner, and S. J. Waters. “Activity of irofulven (6-hydroxymethylacylfulvene) in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme-derived xenografts in athymic mice.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 48, no. 5 (November 2001): 413–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800100358.
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  - Cavazos, C. M., S. T. Keir, T. Yoshinari, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Therapeutic activity of the topoisomerase I inhibitor J-107088 [6-N-(1-hydroxymethyla-2-hydroxyl) ethylamino-12,13-dihydro-13-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl) -5H-indolo[2,3-a]-pyrrolo[3,4-c]-carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione]] against pediatric and adult central nervous system tumor xenografts.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 48, no. 3 (September 2001): 250–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800100347.
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  - Keir, S. T., F. Hausheer, A. A. Lawless, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Therapeutic activity of 7-[(2-trimethylsilyl)ethyl)]-20 (S)-camptothecin against central nervous system tumor-derived xenografts in athymic mice.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 48, no. 1 (July 2001): 83–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800000274.
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  - Struck, R. F., A. Tiwari, H. S. Friedman, S. Keir, L. R. Morgan, and W. R. Waud. “Acyl derivatives of demethylpenclomedine, an antitumor-active, non-neurotoxic metabolites of penclomedine.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 48, no. 1 (July 2001): 47–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800000255.
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  - Patel, V. J., G. B. Elion, P. J. Houghton, S. Keir, A. E. Pegg, S. P. Johnson, M. E. Dolan, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Schedule-dependent activity of temozolomide plus CPT-11 against a human central nervous system tumor-derived xenograft.” Clin Cancer Res 6, no. 10 (October 2000): 4154–57.
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  - Friedman, H. S., R. C. Castellino, G. B. Elion, S. T. Keir, P. J. Houghton, S. P. Johnson, and D. D. Bigner. “Erratum: Schedule-dependent activity of irinotecan plus BCNU against malignant glioma xenografts (Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 45 (345- 349)).” Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 46, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 84.
  - Keir, S. T., M. E. Dolan, A. E. Pegg, A. Lawless, R. C. Moschel, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “O⁶-benzylguanine-mediated enhancement of nitrosourea activity in Mer^- central nervous system tumor xenografts - Implications for clinical trials.” Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 45, no. 6 (2000): 437–40.
  - Castellino, R. C., G. B. Elion, S. T. Keir, P. J. Houghton, S. P. Johnson, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Schedule-dependent activity of irinotecan plus BCNU against malignant glioma xenografts.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 45, no. 4 (2000): 345–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050050.
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  - Keir, S. T., M. E. Dolan, A. E. Pegg, A. Lawless, R. C. Moschel, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “O6-benzylguanine-mediated enhancement of nitrosourea activity in Mer- central nervous system tumor xenografts--implications for clinical trials.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 45, no. 6 (2000): 437–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800051016.
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  - Friedman, H. S., A. E. Pegg, S. P. Johnson, N. A. Loktionova, M. E. Dolan, P. Modrich, R. C. Moschel, et al. “Modulation of cyclophosphamide activity by O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 43, no. 1 (1999): 80–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050866.
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  - Coggins, C. A., G. B. Elion, P. J. Houghton, C. B. Hare, S. Keir, O. M. Colvin, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Enhancement of irinotecan (CPT-11) activity against central nervous system tumor xenografts by alkylating agents.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 41, no. 6 (1998): 485–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050771.
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  - Hanley, M. L., G. B. Elion, O. M. Colvin, P. L. Modrich, S. Keir, D. J. Adams, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Therapeutic efficacy of vinorelbine against pediatric and adult central nervous system tumors.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 42, no. 6 (1998): 479–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050848.
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  - Friedman, H. S., S. P. Johnson, Q. Dong, S. C. Schold, B. K. Rasheed, S. H. Bigner, F. Ali-Osman, et al. “Methylator resistance mediated by mismatch repair deficiency in a glioblastoma multiforme xenograft.” Cancer Res 57, no. 14 (July 15, 1997): 2933–36.
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  - Hare, C. B., G. B. Elion, O. M. Colvin, F. Ali-Osman, O. W. Griffith, W. P. Petros, S. Keir, S. L. Marcelli, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Characterization of the mechanisms of busulfan resistance in a human glioblastoma multiforme xenograft.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 40, no. 5 (1997): 409–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050678.
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  - Hare, C. B., G. B. Elion, P. J. Houghton, J. A. Houghton, S. Keir, S. L. Marcelli, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Therapeutic efficacy of the topoisomerase I inhibitor 7-ethyl-10-(4-[1-piperidino]-1-piperidino)-carbonyloxy-camptothecin against pediatric and adult central nervous system tumor xenografts.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 39, no. 3 (1997): 187–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050558.
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  - Vaidyanathan, G., H. S. Friedman, S. T. Keir, and M. R. Zalutsky. “Evaluation of meta-[211At]astatobenzylguanidine in an athymic mouse human neuroblastoma xenograft model.” Nucl Med Biol 23, no. 6 (August 1996): 851–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/0969-8051(96)00115-1.
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  - Vaidyanathan, G., H. S. Friedman, S. T. Keir, and M. R. Zalutsky. “Localisation of [131I]MIBG in nude mice bearing SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma xenografts: effect of specific activity.” Br J Cancer 73, no. 10 (May 1996): 1171–77. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1996.226.
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  - Moynihan, K., G. B. Elion, F. Ali-Osman, S. Marcelli, S. Keir, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Enhancement of melphalan activity by inhibition of DNA polymerase-alpha and DNA polymerase-beta.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 38, no. 4 (1996): 349–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050494.
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  - Friedman, H. S., M. E. Dolan, A. E. Pegg, S. Marcelli, S. Keir, J. J. Catino, D. D. Bigner, and S. C. Schold. “Activity of temozolomide in the treatment of central nervous system tumor xenografts.” Cancer Res 55, no. 13 (July 1, 1995): 2853–57.
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  - Aaron, R. H., G. B. Elion, O. M. Colvin, M. Graham, S. Keir, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Busulfan therapy of central nervous system xenografts in athymic mice.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 35, no. 2 (1994): 127–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00686634.
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  - Friedman, H. S., P. J. Houghton, S. C. Schold, S. Keir, and D. D. Bigner. “Activity of 9-dimethylaminomethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin against pediatric and adult central nervous system tumor xenografts.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 34, no. 2 (1994): 171–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00685936.
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