Margarethe Joanna Kuehn | Scholars@Duke

Margarethe Joanna Kuehn
Associate Professor of Biochemistry

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) causes traveler's diarrhea and infant mortality in underdeveloped countries, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen for immunocompromised patients. Like all gram negative bacteria studied to date, ETEC and P. aeruginosa produce small outer membrane vesicles that can serve as delivery "bombs" to host tissues. Vesicles contain a subset of outer membrane and soluble periplasmic proteins and lipids. In tissues and sera of infected hosts, vesicles have been observed to bud from the pathogen and come in close contact with epithelial cells. Despite their association with disease, the ability of pathogenic bacteria to distribute an arsenal of virulence factors to the host cells via vesicles remains relatively unexplored.

In our lab, we focus on the genetic, biochemical and functional features of bacterial vesicle production. Using a genetic screen, we have identified genes essential in the vesiculation process, we have identified specific proteins that are enriched in vesicles, and we have identified critical molecules that govern the internalization of vesicles into host cells. Using biochemical analysis of purified vesicles from cell-free culture supernatants, we have found that heat-labile enterotoxin, an important virulence factor of ETEC, is exported from the cells bound to the external surface of vesicles. Presented in this context, it is able to mediate the entry of the entire ETEC vesicle into human colorectal tissue culture cells. We have also discovered that the ability of vesicles to bind to specific cell types depends on their strain of origin: for example, P. aeruginosa vesicles produced by a strain that was cultured from the lungs of a patient with Cystic Fibrosis adhered better to lung than to gut epithelial cells, whereas a strain that was isolated from sera showed no such preference for lung cells. The vesicles stimulate epithelial cells and macrophages to elicit a cytokine response that is distinct from that of LPS (a major component of the vesicles) alone.

These studies will provide new insights into the membrane dynamics of gram-negative bacteria and consequently aid in the identification of new therapeutic targets for important human pathogens.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 2007
Associate Professor in Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Basic Science Departments 2007
Member of the Duke Cancer Institute, Duke Cancer Institute, Institutes and Centers 1997

Contact Information

Duke Box 3711, Durham, NC 27710
Research Drive, 220A Nanaline H Duke, Durham, NC 27710
kuehn@duke.edu (919) 684-2545

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Howard Hughes Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Biochemistry And Molecular Biolovy, University of California, Berkeley 1994 - 1997
- Postdoctoral Fellow, Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis 1993
- Ph.D., Washington University in St. Louis 1993
- B.S., University of Washington 1986
Duke Appointment History
- Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 1998 - 2006
- Assistant Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Basic Science Departments 2002 - 2006
- Assistant Professor of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Basic Science Departments 1998 - 2002
- Assistant Research Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 1997 - 1998
Recognition
In the News
- NOV 14, 2019 Duke Research Blog
  
  How Bacteria Use Decoys to Buy Time
Awards & Honors
Expertise
Subject Headings
Research
Selected Grants
- Genetic and Genomics Training Grant awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2025
- IRGM proteins as regulators of inflammation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2025
- Convergence RAISE: Harnessing Extracellular Vesicle Mediated Interkingdom Communication awarded by National Science Foundation 2019 - 2022
- Characterizing the association of RNA with bacterial membrane vesicles and their delivery to host cells awarded by Burroughs Wellcome Fund 2019 - 2021
- Structural and Mechanistic Characterization of MraY Catalysis and Inhibition awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2020
- Genetics Training Grant awarded by National Institutes of Health 1979 - 2020
- Organization and Function of Cellular Structure awarded by National Institutes of Health 1975 - 2020
- Triggers and Consequences of Bacterial Envelope Stress awarded by National Institutes of Health 2012 - 2017
- Regulation of Host Defense by IRG Proteins awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2016
- Enterotoxin targeting and delivery mechanisms awarded by National Institutes of Health 2006 - 2012
- Duke PREP: Minority Recruitment into Biomedical Sciences awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2008
- Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Secretion awarded by National Institutes of Health 2005 - 2008
- Detection of in vivo ETEC vesicle production awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2006
- Production and function of E Coli Vesicles awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2004
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Zingl, Franz G., Paul Kohl, Fatih Cakar, Deborah R. Leitner, Fabian Mitterer, Katherine E. Bonnington, Gerald N. Rechberger, et al. “Outer Membrane Vesiculation Facilitates Surface Exchange and In Vivo Adaptation of Vibrio cholerae.” Cell Host Microbe 27, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 225-237.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2019.12.002.
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  - Esoda, Caitlin N., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Pseudomonas aeruginosa Leucine Aminopeptidase Influences Early Biofilm Composition and Structure via Vesicle-Associated Antibiofilm Activity.” Mbio 10, no. 6 (November 19, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02548-19.
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  - Finethy, Ryan, Sarah Luoma, Nichole Orench-Rivera, Eric M. Feeley, Arun K. Haldar, Masahiro Yamamoto, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti, Meta J. Kuehn, and Jörn Coers. “Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Requires Guanylate Binding Proteins.” Mbio 8, no. 5 (October 3, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01188-17.
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  - Bonnington, Katherine E., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Breaking the bilayer: OMV formation during environmental transitions.” Microb Cell 4, no. 2 (February 3, 2017): 64–66. https://doi.org/10.15698/mic2017.02.558.
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  - Orench-Rivera, Nichole, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Environmentally controlled bacterial vesicle-mediated export.” Cell Microbiol 18, no. 11 (November 2016): 1525–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/cmi.12676.
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  - Bonnington, Katherine E., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Outer Membrane Vesicle Production Facilitates LPS Remodeling and Outer Membrane Maintenance in Salmonella during Environmental Transitions.” Mbio 7, no. 5 (October 18, 2016). https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01532-16.
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  - Vogel, Robert, Frank A. W. Coumans, Raluca G. Maltesen, Anita N. Böing, Katherine E. Bonnington, Marike L. Broekman, Murray F. Broom, et al. “A standardized method to determine the concentration of extracellular vesicles using tunable resistive pulse sensing.” J Extracell Vesicles 5 (2016): 31242. https://doi.org/10.3402/jev.v5.31242.
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  - Schwechheimer, Carmen, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Outer-membrane vesicles from Gram-negative bacteria: biogenesis and functions.” Nat Rev Microbiol 13, no. 10 (October 2015): 605–19. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3525.
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  - Schwechheimer, Carmen, Daniel L. Rodriguez, and Meta J. Kuehn. “NlpI-mediated modulation of outer membrane vesicle production through peptidoglycan dynamics in Escherichia coli.” Microbiologyopen 4, no. 3 (June 2015): 375–89. https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.244.
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  - Kulp, Adam J., Bo Sun, Teresa Ai, Andrew J. Manning, Nichole Orench-Rivera, Amy K. Schmid, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Genome-Wide Assessment of Outer Membrane Vesicle Production in Escherichia coli.” Plos One 10, no. 9 (2015): e0139200. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139200.
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  - Schwechheimer, Carmen, Adam Kulp, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Modulation of bacterial outer membrane vesicle production by envelope structure and content.” Bmc Microbiol 14 (December 21, 2014): 324. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-014-0324-1.
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  - Bonnington, K. E., and M. J. Kuehn. “Protein selection and export via outer membrane vesicles.” Biochim Biophys Acta 1843, no. 8 (August 2014): 1612–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.12.011.
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  - Schwechheimer, Carmen, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Synthetic effect between envelope stress and lack of outer membrane vesicle production in Escherichia coli.” J Bacteriol 195, no. 18 (September 2013): 4161–73. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.02192-12.
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  - Macdonald, Ian A., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Stress-induced outer membrane vesicle production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.” J Bacteriol 195, no. 13 (July 2013): 2971–81. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.02267-12.
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  - Schwechheimer, Carmen, Claretta J. Sullivan, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Envelope control of outer membrane vesicle production in Gram-negative bacteria.” Biochemistry 52, no. 18 (May 7, 2013): 3031–40. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi400164t.
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  - Chutkan, Halima, Ian Macdonald, Andrew Manning, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Quantitative and qualitative preparations of bacterial outer membrane vesicles.” Methods Mol Biol 966 (2013): 259–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-245-2_16.
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  - Manning, Andrew J., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Functional advantages conferred by extracellular prokaryotic membrane vesicles.” J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 23, no. 1–2 (2013): 131–41. https://doi.org/10.1159/000346548.
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  - MacDonald, Ian A., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Offense and defense: microbial membrane vesicles play both ways.” Res Microbiol 163, no. 9–10 (November 2012): 607–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2012.10.020.
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  - Kuehn, Meta J. “Secreted bacterial vesicles as good samaritans.” Cell Host Microbe 12, no. 4 (October 18, 2012): 392–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2012.10.005.
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  - Tan, Cheemeng, Robert Phillip Smith, Jaydeep K. Srimani, Katherine A. Riccione, Sameer Prasada, Meta Kuehn, and Lingchong You. “The inoculum effect and band-pass bacterial response to periodic antibiotic treatment.” Mol Syst Biol 8 (2012): 617. https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2012.49.
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  - Manning, Andrew J., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Contribution of bacterial outer membrane vesicles to innate bacterial defense.” Bmc Microbiol 11 (December 1, 2011): 258. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-11-258.
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  - Kulp, Adam, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Recognition of β-strand motifs by RseB is required for σ(E) activity in Escherichia coli.” J Bacteriol 193, no. 22 (November 2011): 6179–86. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.05657-11.
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  - Sharpe, Samantha W., Meta J. Kuehn, and Kevin M. Mason. “Elicitation of epithelial cell-derived immune effectors by outer membrane vesicles of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae.” Infect Immun 79, no. 11 (November 2011): 4361–69. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.05332-11.
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  - Chutkan, Halima, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Context-dependent activation kinetics elicited by soluble versus outer membrane vesicle-associated heat-labile enterotoxin.” Infect Immun 79, no. 9 (September 2011): 3760–69. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.05336-11.
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  - Muralinath, Maneesha, Meta J. Kuehn, Kenneth L. Roland, and Roy Curtiss. “Immunization with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-derived outer membrane vesicles delivering the pneumococcal protein PspA confers protection against challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae.” Infect Immun 79, no. 2 (February 2011): 887–94. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00950-10.
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  - Ellis, Terri N., Sara A. Leiman, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Naturally produced outer membrane vesicles from Pseudomonas aeruginosa elicit a potent innate immune response via combined sensing of both lipopolysaccharide and protein components.” Infect Immun 78, no. 9 (September 2010): 3822–31. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00433-10.
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  - Mudrak, Benjamin, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Heat-labile enterotoxin: beyond G(m1) binding.” Toxins (Basel) 2, no. 6 (June 2010): 1445–70. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins2061445.
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  - Mudrak, Benjamin, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Specificity of the type II secretion systems of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae for heat-labile enterotoxin and cholera toxin.” J Bacteriol 192, no. 7 (April 2010): 1902–11. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.01542-09.
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  - Ellis, Terri N., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Virulence and immunomodulatory roles of bacterial outer membrane vesicles.” Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 74, no. 1 (March 2010): 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00031-09.
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  - Kulp, Adam, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Biological functions and biogenesis of secreted bacterial outer membrane vesicles.” Annu Rev Microbiol 64 (2010): 163–84. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.micro.091208.073413.
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  - Mudrak, Benjamin, Daniel L. Rodriguez, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Residues of heat-labile enterotoxin involved in bacterial cell surface binding.” J Bacteriol 191, no. 9 (May 2009): 2917–25. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.01622-08.
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  - Bauman, Susanne J., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Pseudomonas aeruginosa vesicles associate with and are internalized by human lung epithelial cells.” Bmc Microbiol 9 (February 3, 2009): 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-9-26.
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  - McBroom, Amanda J., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Release of outer membrane vesicles by Gram-negative bacteria is a novel envelope stress response.” Mol Microbiol 63, no. 2 (January 2007): 545–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05522.x.
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  - Bauman, Susanne J., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Purification of outer membrane vesicles from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their activation of an IL-8 response.” Microbes Infect 8, no. 9–10 (August 2006): 2400–2408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2006.05.001.
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  - McBroom, Amanda J., Alexandra P. Johnson, Sreekanth Vemulapalli, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Outer membrane vesicle production by Escherichia coli is independent of membrane instability.” J Bacteriol 188, no. 15 (August 2006): 5385–92. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00498-06.
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  - Kuehn, Meta J. “Genetically engineered probiotic competition.” Gastroenterology 130, no. 6 (May 2006): 1915–16. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2006.03.031.
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  - Kuehn, Meta J., and Nicole C. Kesty. “Bacterial outer membrane vesicles and the host-pathogen interaction.” Genes Dev 19, no. 22 (November 15, 2005): 2645–55. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.1299905.
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  - McBroom, Amanda J., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Outer Membrane Vesicles.” Ecosal Plus 1, no. 2 (November 2005). https://doi.org/10.1128/ecosal.2.2.4.
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  - Kesty, Nicole C., Kevin M. Mason, Mary Reedy, Sara E. Miller, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vesicles target toxin delivery into mammalian cells.” Embo J 23, no. 23 (November 24, 2004): 4538–49. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.emboj.7600471.
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  - Horstman, Amanda L., Susanne J. Bauman, and Meta J. Kuehn. “Lipopolysaccharide 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) core determines bacterial association of secreted toxins.” J Biol Chem 279, no. 9 (February 27, 2004): 8070–75. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M308633200.
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  - Kesty, Nicole C., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Incorporation of heterologous outer membrane and periplasmic proteins into Escherichia coli outer membrane vesicles.” J Biol Chem 279, no. 3 (January 16, 2004): 2069–76. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M307628200.
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  - Kuehn, M. “The E. coli BaeSR two-component regulatory system.” Trends in Microbiology 10, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 553. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(02)02484-8.
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  - Kuehn, M. J. “Bacterial density dictates virulence in cholera.” Trends in Microbiology 10, no. 10 (October 1, 2002).
  - Horstman, Amanda L., and Meta J. Kuehn. “Bacterial surface association of heat-labile enterotoxin through lipopolysaccharide after secretion via the general secretory pathway.” J Biol Chem 277, no. 36 (September 6, 2002): 32538–45. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M203740200.
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  - Kuehn, M. J. “FRET probes toxin activity in situ.” Trends in Microbiology 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-842X(02)02414-9.
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  - Kuehn, M. J. “Surrogate host succumbs to virulent Pseudomonas.” Trends in Microbiology 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 215. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(02)02348-x.
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  - Kuehn, Meta J. “Polarized secretion.” Trends Microbiol 10, no. 3 (March 2002): 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(02)02312-0.
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  - Kuehn, M. J. “Engineering a biosensor from a bacterial periplasmic protein.” Trends in Microbiology 9, no. 11 (November 1, 2001).
  - Kuehn, M. J. “Bacterial-host-cell tethers.” Trends Microbiol 9, no. 7 (July 2001): 310. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(01)02109-6.
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  - Kuehn, M. J. “Bacterial cave dwellers.” Trends Microbiol 8, no. 10 (October 2000): 450–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01867-9.
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  - Kuehn, M. “Definitive typing of LPS core structures.” Trends in Microbiology 8, no. 5 (May 1, 2000).
  - Horstman, A. L., and M. J. Kuehn. “Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli secretes active heat-labile enterotoxin via outer membrane vesicles.” J Biol Chem 275, no. 17 (April 28, 2000): 12489–96. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.17.12489.
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  - Kuehn, M. “Lighting the path to virulence.” Trends in Microbiology 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2000).
  - Kuehn, M. “Foreign travel.” Trends in Microbiology 7, no. 3 (January 1, 1999).
  - Kuehn, M. “Expressed by stress.” Trends in Microbiology 7, no. 6 (January 1, 1999).
  - Kuehn, M. “A divisive role for lipoproteins.” Trends in Microbiology 7, no. 10 (January 1, 1999).
  - Kuehn, M. J., J. M. Herrmann, and R. Schekman. “COPII-cargo interactions direct protein sorting into ER-derived transport vesicles.” Nature 391, no. 6663 (January 8, 1998): 187–90. https://doi.org/10.1038/34438.
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  - Kuehn, M. “New transporter family.” Trends in Microbiology 6, no. 9 (January 1, 1998): 351. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-842X(98)01335-3.
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  - Schekman, R., S. Hamamoto, M. Kuehn, K. Matsuoka, T. Yeung, and L. Orci. “Cargo selection and vesicle budding.” Faseb Journal 11, no. 9 (December 1, 1997).
  - Kuehn, M. J., and R. Schekman. “COPII and secretory cargo capture into transport vesicles.” Curr Opin Cell Biol 9, no. 4 (August 1997): 477–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0955-0674(97)80022-1.
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  - Kuehn, M. J. “Establishing communication via gram-negative bacterial pili.” Trends in Microbiology 5, no. 4 (April 1997): 130–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(96)30045-0.
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  - Kuehn, M. “Leaping into the outer membrane.” Trends in Microbiology 5, no. 10 (January 1, 1997): 387. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(97)89757-0.
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  - Kuehn, M. “Cryptococcus and calcineurin.” Trends in Microbiology 5, no. 8 (January 1, 1997).
  - Kuehn, M. J., R. Schekman, and P. O. Ljungdahl. “Amino acid permeases require COPII components and the ER resident membrane protein Shr3p for packaging into transport vesicles in vitro.” J Cell Biol 135, no. 3 (November 1996): 585–95. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.135.3.585.
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  - Schekman, R., C. Barlowe, S. Bednarek, J. Campbell, T. Doering, R. Duden, M. Kuehn, M. Rexach, T. Yeung, and L. Orci. “Coat proteins and selective protein packaging into transport vesicles.” Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 60 (1995): 11–21. https://doi.org/10.1101/sqb.1995.060.01.004.
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  - Kuehn, M. J., F. Jacob-Dubuisson, K. Dodson, L. Slonim, R. Striker, and S. J. Hultgren. “Genetic, biochemical, and structural studies of biogenesis of adhesive pili in bacteria.” Methods Enzymol 236 (1994): 282–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(94)36022-7.
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  - Kuehn, M. J., D. J. Ogg, J. Kihlberg, L. N. Slonim, K. Flemmer, T. Bergfors, and S. J. Hultgren. “Structural basis of pilus subunit recognition by the PapD chaperone.” Science 262, no. 5137 (November 19, 1993): 1234–41. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7901913.
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  - Jacob-Dubuisson, F., M. Kuehn, and S. J. Hultgren. “A novel secretion apparatus for the assembly of adhesive bacterial pili.” Trends Microbiol 1, no. 2 (May 1993): 50–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0966-842x(93)90032-m.
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  - Jones, C. H., F. Jacob-Dubuisson, K. Dodson, M. Kuehn, L. Slonim, R. Striker, and S. J. Hultgren. “Adhesin presentation in bacteria requires molecular chaperones and ushers.” Infect Immun 60, no. 11 (November 1992): 4445–51.
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  - Kuehn, M., K. Lent, J. Haas, J. Hagenzieker, M. Cervin, and A. L. Smith. “Fimbriation of Pseudomonas cepacia.” Infect Immun 60, no. 5 (May 1992): 2002–7.
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  - Holmgren, A., M. J. Kuehn, C. I. Brändén, and S. J. Hultgren. “Conserved immunoglobulin-like features in a family of periplasmic pilus chaperones in bacteria.” Embo J 11, no. 4 (April 1992): 1617–22.
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  - Kuehn, M. J., J. Heuser, S. Normark, and S. J. Hultgren. “P pili in uropathogenic E. coli are composite fibres with distinct fibrillar adhesive tips.” Nature 356, no. 6366 (March 19, 1992): 252–55. https://doi.org/10.1038/356252a0.
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  - Kuehn, M. J., S. Normark, and S. J. Hultgren. “Immunoglobulin-like PapD chaperone caps and uncaps interactive surfaces of nascently translocated pilus subunits.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88, no. 23 (December 1, 1991): 10586–90. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.88.23.10586.
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  - Groot, R. de, D. O. Chaffin, M. Kuehn, and A. L. Smith. “Trimethoprim resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is due to altered dihydrofolate reductase(s).” Biochem J 274 ( Pt 3) (March 15, 1991): 657–62.
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  - Chanyangam, M., A. L. Smith, S. L. Moseley, M. Kuehn, and P. Jenny. “Contribution of a 28-kilodalton membrane protein to the virulence of Haemophilus influenzae.” Infect Immun 59, no. 2 (February 1991): 600–608.
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Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
- BIOCHEM 790S: Seminar (Topics) 2019

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Education, Training, & Certifications

Duke Appointment History

In the News

Awards & Honors

Subject Headings

Selected Grants

Selected Publications

Academic Articles

Recent Courses