Scholars@Duke
Marvin Stanley Swartz

Marvin Stanley Swartz

Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Psychiatry, Child & Family Mental Health & Community Psychiatry
marvin.swartz@duke.edu
Box 102505 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710
2400 Pratt St. North Pavilion, Box 102505, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Diversion to Treatment when Treatment is Scarce: Bioethical Implications of the U.S. Resource Gap for Criminal Diversion Programs.

Journal Article J Law Med Ethics · 2024 Despite significant scholarship, research, and funding dedicated to implementing criminal diversion programs over the past two decades, persons with serious mental illness and substance use disorders remain substantially overrepresented in United States ja ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary care need and engagement by people with criminal legal involvement: Descriptive and associational analysis using retrospective data on the entire population ever detained in one southeastern U.S. county jail 2014-2020.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 More than 7 million people are released each year from U.S. jails or prisons, many with chronic diseases that would benefit from primary care in their returning communities. The objective of this study was to provide an in-depth, payer-agnostic description ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adult criminal outcomes of juvenile justice involvement.

Journal Article Psychol Med · June 2023 BACKGROUND: The juvenile justice system in the USA adjudicates over seven hundred thousand youth in the USA annually with significant behavioral offenses. This study aimed to test the effect of juvenile justice involvement on adult criminal outcomes. METHO ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Rich Nonprofits Get Richer: Centering Psychiatric Grant Funding at the Margins.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · May 1, 2023 Community psychiatrists serve multiple institutional roles, and at times these roles may include the review of grant proposals from nonprofit organizations. In this column, the authors argue that privilege and social capital can easily become concentrated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Policing and Behavioral Health Conditions

Journal Article Law and Contemporary Problems · 2023 Link to item Cite

NORTH CAROLINA LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTED DIVERSION (LEAD): CONSIDERATIONS FOR OPTIMIZING ELIGIBILITY AND REFERRAL

Journal Article Law and Contemporary Problems · January 1, 2023 In 2011, a diverse group of stakeholders in Seattle, Washington, developed an alternative to repeated arrests and incarceration of people whose low-level unlawful conduct stemmed from unmet behavioral health needs, launching a new model called Law Enforcem ... Cite

Gun violence among young adults with a juvenile crime record in North Carolina: Implications for firearm restrictions based on age and risk.

Journal Article Prev Med · December 2022 Youth who acquire a juvenile crime record may be at increased risk of perpetrating gun violence as adults. North Carolina and 22 other states permit young adults who were adjudicated by a juvenile court - even for some felony-equivalent offenses - to legal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Building Bridges Between Evidence and Policy in Mental Health Services Research: Introducing the Policy Review Article Type.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 1, 2022 Although it is widely accepted that patients do better when evidence-based health care practices are used, there is less acknowledgment of the positive outcomes associated with evidence-based policy making. To address the need for high-quality evidence to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Appropriateness of psychiatric advance directives facilitated by peer support specialists and clinicians on Assertive Community Treatment teams.

Journal Article J Ment Health · April 2022 BACKGROUND: Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are used to document a person's treatment preferences for a future mental health crisis. Peer support specialists have been proposed to facilitate PADs, but little is known about the quality of peer versus ... Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19-Related Impacts on Youth Mental Health.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · April 1, 2022 Full text Link to item Cite

North Carolina Specialty Courts, Treatment Access, and the Substance Use Crisis: A Promising but Underfunded Model.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · December 1, 2021 Treatment courts aim to reduce criminal recidivism by addressing the behavioral health care needs of persons with psychiatric or substance use disorders that contribute to their offending. Stable funding and access to behavioral health providers are crucia ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Bridge Between Racial Justice and Clinical Practice.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · December 1, 2021 Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of psychiatric advance directive facilitation on mental health consumers: empowerment, treatment attitudes and the role of peer support specialists.

Journal Article J Ment Health · October 2021 BACKGROUND: A psychiatric advance directive (PAD) is designed to prevent involuntary mental health interventions by enabling people with serious mental illnesses to plan ahead for their own treatment during a future incapacitating crisis. This study implem ... Full text Link to item Cite

Police Mental Health: A Neglected Element of Police Reform.

Journal Article Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) · September 2021 Full text Open Access Cite

Childhood Gun Access, Adult Suicidality, and Crime.

Journal Article Pediatrics · August 2021 OBJECTIVES: To test the associations of childhood domestic gun access with adult criminality and suicidality. METHODS: Analyses were based on a 20+ year prospective, community-representative study of 1420 children, who were assessed up to 8 times during ch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementing Psychiatric Advance Directives: The Transmitter and Receiver Problem and the Neglected Right to Be Deemed Incapable.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · February 1, 2021 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) can help adults with serious mental illnesses preserve their autonomy and avoid involuntary interventions during an incapacitating mental health crisis. A PAD is a legal document prepared while mentally competent and s ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Gun-Related and Other Violent Crime After Involuntary Commitment and Short-Term Emergency Holds.

Journal Article J Am Acad Psychiatry Law · December 2020 This article presents a survival analysis of long-term risk of firearm-related and other violent crime in a large sample of adults with serious mental illness in Florida, comparing those who received a gun-disqualifying civil commitment after a short-term ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental Health Policy in the Era of COVID-19.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · November 1, 2020 The response to the global COVID-19 pandemic has important ramifications for mental health systems and the patients they serve. This article describes significant changes in mental health policy prompted by the COVID-19 crisis across five major areas: legi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Responding to a Population Mental Health Crisis.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · November 1, 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Gender-specific participation and outcomes among jail diversion clients with co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders.

Journal Article J Subst Abuse Treat · August 2020 Men and women with co-occurring substance use disorders and mental illness are at relatively high risk for becoming involved in the criminal justice system. Programs, such as post-booking jail diversion, aim to connect these individuals to community-based ... Full text Link to item Cite

A single assessment with the Brief Adherence Rating Scale (BARS) discriminates responders to long-acting injectable antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · June 2020 OBJECTIVE: To determine if a single baseline adherence assessment (Brief Adherence Rating Scale [BARS]) could identify patients who are likely to respond to long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic treatment. METHOD: The current secondary analysis includ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Criminal Justice and Suicide Outcomes with Indiana's Risk-Based Gun Seizure Law.

Journal Article J Am Acad Psychiatry Law · June 2019 This article examines the application and effectiveness of a 2006 Indiana law designed to prevent gun violence by authorizing police officers to separate firearms from persons who present imminent or future risk of injury to self or others, or display a pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Medications.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · November 27, 2018 OBJECTIVE: To investigate subgroup responses to long-acting injectable (LAI) medications haloperidol decanoate (HD) and paliperidone palmitate (PP) in a randomized controlled trial that found no difference between the treatments on the primary outcome of e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Update on Assisted Outpatient Treatment.

Journal Article Curr Psychiatry Rep · October 13, 2018 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Assisted outpatient treatment (AOT) is an outpatient court-ordered treatment for people with severe mental illness (SMI) whose care needs are often unmet in the community due, in part, to treatment non-adherence. AOT is controversial, an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Withdrawal severity and early response to treatment in the outpatient transition from opioid use to extended release naltrexone.

Journal Article Am J Addict · September 2018 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Long acting naltrexone has improved the therapy of opioid use disorder (OUD), and safe and effective withdrawal management during naltrexone induction may help advance treatment. Despite the uncertain role of opioid withdrawal in ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Medication-Assisted Treatment for Alcohol-Dependent Adults With Serious Mental Illness and Criminal Justice Involvement: Effects on Treatment Utilization and Outcomes.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · July 1, 2018 OBJECTIVE: Adults with serious mental illness and comorbid alcohol dependence are at high risk for both high utilization of crisis-driven health care services and criminal justice involvement. Evidence-based medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for alcohol ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substance use disorders and medical comorbidities among high-need, high-risk patients with diabetes.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · May 1, 2018 BACKGROUND: The majority of the U.S. healthcare resources are utilized by a small population characterized as high-risk, high-need persons with complex care needs (e.g., adults with multiple chronic conditions). Substance use disorders (SUDs) and mental he ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Associations between pharmacotherapy for opioid dependence and clinical and criminal justice outcomes among adults with co-occurring serious mental illness.

Journal Article J Subst Abuse Treat · March 2018 Adults suffering from a serious mental illness (SMI) and a substance use disorder are at especially high risk for poor clinical outcomes and also arrest and incarceration. Pharmacotherapies for treating opioid dependence could be a particularly important m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extended-release naltrexone and drug treatment courts: Policy and evidence for implementing an evidence-based treatment.

Journal Article J Subst Abuse Treat · February 2018 With insufficient access to treatment and a tradition of criminalizing addiction, people with substance use disorders - including opioid dependence - are more likely to be incarcerated than they are to receive the treatment they need. Drug treatment courts ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Randomised controlled trials and outpatient commitment.

Journal Article Lancet Psychiatry · December 2017 Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and correlates of treatment utilization among adults with cannabis use disorder in the United States.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · August 1, 2017 BACKGROUND: The increase in cannabis potency may have treatment implications for cannabis use disorder (CUD). Given the reported increase in prevalence of cannabis use among adults, there is a need to understand substance use treatment needs for CUD. METHO ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Facilitation of Psychiatric Advance Directives by Peers and Clinicians on Assertive Community Treatment Teams.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · July 1, 2017 OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) provide a legal mechanism for competent adults to document care preferences and authorize a surrogate to make treatment decisions. In a controlled research setting, an evidence-based intervention, the facili ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Leading indicators of community-based violent events among adults with mental illness.

Journal Article Psychol Med · May 2017 BACKGROUND: The public health, public safety and clinical implications of violent events among adults with mental illness are significant; however, the causes and consequences of violence and victimization among adults with mental illness are complex and n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alternatives to the Emergency Department: In Reply.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · March 1, 2017 Full text Link to item Cite

Involuntary Outpatient Commitment and the Elusive Pursuit of Violence Prevention.

Journal Article Can J Psychiatry · February 2017 OBJECTIVE: Involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC)-also referred to as 'assisted outpatient treatment' or 'community treatment orders'-are civil court orders whereby persons with serious mental illness and repeated hospitalisations are ordered to adhere to ... Full text Link to item Cite

A longitudinal analysis of the overlap between violence and victimization among adults with mental illnesses.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · December 30, 2016 Prior research suggests considerable overlap of violence perpetration and victimization among adults with mental illnesses. However, there has been no examination of how the likelihood of being a victim and/or perpetrator of violence may change over time, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment utilization among persons with opioid use disorder in the United States.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · December 1, 2016 BACKGROUND: The United States is experiencing an opioid overdose epidemic. Treatment use data from diverse racial/ethnic groups with opioid use disorder (OUD) are needed to inform treatment expansion efforts. METHODS: We examined demographic characteristic ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The latent structure of psychiatric symptoms across mental disorders as measured with the PANSS and BPRS-18.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · November 30, 2016 Raw data were used from five studies of adults with mental illnesses (N=4,480) in an attempt to identify a psychiatric symptoms factor structure, as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale or the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, that was genera ... Full text Link to item Cite

Emergency Department Boarding: Nowhere Else to Go.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · November 1, 2016 Full text Link to item Cite

A Randomized Clinical Trial of a Money Management Intervention for Veterans With Psychiatric Disabilities.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 1, 2016 OBJECTIVE: The study evaluated an intervention to help veterans with psychiatric disabilities, who face a unique set of challenges concerning money management. METHODS: A randomized clinical trial was conducted of a brief (one to three hours) psychoeducati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cost-Effectiveness of Long-Acting Injectable Paliperidone Palmitate Versus Haloperidol Decanoate in Maintenance Treatment of Schizophrenia.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 1, 2016 OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the relative cost-effectiveness of haloperidol decanoate (HD), a first-generation long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic, and paliperidone palmitate (PP), a second-generation LAI antipsychotic. METHODS: A double-blind, ra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in cannabis use disorders among racial/ethnic population groups in the United States.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · August 1, 2016 BACKGROUND: Minority groups generally experience more disparities than whites in behavioral healthcare use. The population of racial/ethnic groups is growing faster than whites. Given increased concerns of cannabis use (CU) and its associations with health ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Proximal Risk Factors for Short-Term Community Violence Among Adults With Mental Illnesses.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · July 1, 2016 OBJECTIVE: This study examined the role of static indicators and proximal, clinically relevant indicators in the prediction of short-term community violence in a large, heterogeneous sample of adults with mental illnesses. METHODS: Data were pooled from fi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gun Violence, Mental Illness, And Laws That Prohibit Gun Possession: Evidence From Two Florida Counties.

Journal Article Health Aff (Millwood) · June 1, 2016 Gun violence kills about ninety people every day in the United States, a toll measured in wasted and ruined lives and with an annual economic price tag exceeding $200 billion. Some policy makers suggest that reforming mental health care systems and improvi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increasing Access to State Psychiatric Hospital Beds: Exploring Supply-Side Solutions.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · May 1, 2016 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify supply-side interventions to reduce state psychiatric hospital admission delays. METHODS: Healthcare Enterprise Accounts Receivable Tracking System (HEARTS) data were collected for all patients admitte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of Criminal Justice Involvement and Psychiatric Diagnoses on Treatment Costs Among Adults With Serious Mental Illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · September 2015 The impact of criminal justice involvement and clinical characteristics on the cost of public treatment services for adults with serious mental illnesses is unknown. The authors examined differential effects of justice involvement on behavioral health trea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Emergency Psychiatry Experience, Resident Burnout, and Future Plans to Treat Publicly Funded Patients.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 1, 2015 OBJECTIVE: This study examined psychiatry resident burnout in emergency departments and its association with residents' posttraining plans to care for Medicaid patients and others publicly insured. METHODS: Between November and December 2013, psychiatry re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Randomized Trial of the Effect of Four Second-Generation Antipsychotics and One First-Generation Antipsychotic on Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol, and Drug Use in Chronic Schizophrenia.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · July 2015 No large-scale randomized trial has compared the effect of different second-generation antipsychotic drugs and any first-generation drug on alcohol, drug and nicotine use in patients with schizophrenia. The Clinical Antipsychotic Trial of Intervention Effe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Guns, Impulsive Angry Behavior, and Mental Disorders: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R).

Journal Article Behav Sci Law · June 2015 Analyses from the National Comorbidity Study Replication provide the first nationally representative estimates of the co-occurrence of impulsive angry behavior and possessing or carrying a gun among adults with and without certain mental disorders and demo ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of state psychiatric hospital waitlist policies on length of stay and time to readmission.

Journal Article Adm Policy Ment Health · May 2015 This study examined the effects of a waitlist policy for state psychiatric hospitals on length of stay and time to readmission using data from North Carolina for 2004-2010. Cox proportional hazards models tested the hypothesis that patients were discharged ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived cannabis use norms and cannabis use among adolescents in the United States.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · May 2015 Due to changes in cannabis policies, concerns about cannabis use (CU) in adolescents have increased. The population of nonwhite groups is growing quickly in the United States. We examined perceived CU norms and their association with CU and CU disorder (CU ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Latent class analysis of discordance between results of drug use assessments in the CATIE data.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · February 2015 OBJECTIVE: The primary aim is to examine concordant/discordant results of drug use assessments in adults with schizophrenia. METHODS: Latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to examine concordance/discordance between drug use me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Readmission Patterns and Effectiveness of Transitional Care Among Medicaid Patients With Schizophrenia and Medical Comorbidity.

Journal Article N C Med J · 2015 BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic medical and mental health comorbidities are at increased risk of hospital admission, but little is known about their hospital utilization patterns or whether nurse-directed transitional care interventions have any apprecia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Community violence perpetration and victimization among adults with mental illnesses.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · December 2014 OBJECTIVES: In a large heterogeneous sample of adults with mental illnesses, we examined the 6-month prevalence and nature of community violence perpetration and victimization, as well as associations between these outcomes. METHODS: Baseline data were poo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nonmedical stimulant use among young Asian-Americans, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders, and mixed-race individuals aged 12-34 years in the United States.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · December 2014 There are concerns over nonmedical use of prescription stimulants among youths, but little is known about the extent of use among young Asian-Americans, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders (NHs/PIs), and mixed-race individuals-the fastest growing segments o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Treatment participation and medication adherence: effects on criminal justice costs of persons with mental illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2014 Little empirical research has directly examined the extent to which early and consistent participation in outpatient services and adherence to prescribed psychotropic medications after a psychiatric hospitalization can help people with serious mental illne ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental health and reoffending outcomes of jail diversion participants with a brief incarceration after arraignment.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · September 1, 2014 OBJECTIVE: Jail diversion programs strive to divert offenders with mental illness from prosecution and into mental health treatment. Participants sometimes spend a short time in jail after arraignment, either because treatment resources are not immediately ... Full text Link to item Cite

How do mental health courts work?

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · September 1, 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of justice involvement among adults with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: key risk factors.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · July 2014 OBJECTIVE: Adults with serious mental illness have a relatively high risk of criminal justice involvement. Some risk factors for justice involvement are known, but the specific interaction of these risk factors has not been examined. This study explored th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Why the evidence for outpatient commitment is good enough.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 1, 2014 After nearly three decades of studies evaluating the legal practice of involuntary outpatient commitment, there is yet little consensus about its effectiveness and only limited implementation. Debate continues over how best to assist adults with serious me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of paliperidone palmitate vs haloperidol decanoate for maintenance treatment of schizophrenia: a randomized clinical trial.

Journal Article JAMA · May 21, 2014 IMPORTANCE: Long-acting injectable antipsychotics are used to reduce medication nonadherence and relapse in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. The relative effectiveness of long-acting injectable versions of second-generation and older antipsychotics has no ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extended release naltrexone injection is performed in the majority of opioid dependent patients receiving outpatient induction: a very low dose naltrexone and buprenorphine open label trial.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · May 1, 2014 BACKGROUND: The approval of extended release injectable naltrexone (XR-NTX; Vivitrol(®)) has introduced a new option for treating opioid addiction, but studies are needed to identify its place within the spectrum of available therapies. The absence of phys ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Response to Burns.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · February 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

Illicit and nonmedical drug use among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders, and mixed-race individuals.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · December 1, 2013 BACKGROUND: The racial/ethnic composition of the United States is shifting rapidly, with non-Hispanic Asian-Americans, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders (NHs/PIs), and mixed-race individuals the fastest growing segments of the population. We determined ne ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The cost of assisted outpatient treatment: can it save states money?

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 2013 OBJECTIVE: The authors assessed a state's net costs for assisted outpatient treatment, a controversial court-ordered program of community-based mental health services designed to improve outcomes for persons with serious mental illness and a history of rep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comorbid substance use disorders with other Axis I and II mental disorders among treatment-seeking Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders, and mixed-race people.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · December 2013 Little is known about behavioral healthcare needs of Asian Americans (AAs), Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders (NHs/PIs), and mixed-race people (MRs)-the fastest growing segments of the U.S. population. We examined substance use disorder (SUD) prevalences ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The prevalence and distribution of major depression in a national community sample: The national comorbidity survey

Chapter · October 15, 2013 Objective: Major depression is a frequent and disabling psychiatric disorder in the United States. This report examines the prevalence and risk factor profile of both pure and comorbid major depression according to data from the National Comorbidity Survey ... Cite

Tobacco use among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders, and mixed-race individuals: 2002-2010.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · September 1, 2013 BACKGROUND: Non-Hispanic Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders (NHs/PIs), and mixed-race individuals are the fastest growing segments of the US population. We examined prevalences and correlates of tobacco use among these understudied groups. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Accuracy of self-report, biological tests, collateral reports and clinician ratings in identifying substance use disorders among adults with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Psychol Addict Behav · September 2013 Identifying substance use disorders among adults with schizophrenia presents unique challenges but is critical to research and practice. This study examined: (a) the accuracy of assessments completed using various approaches in identifying substance use di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adverse impact of coercive treatments on psychiatric inpatients' satisfaction with care.

Journal Article Community Ment Health J · August 2013 Consumers' satisfaction with inpatient mental health care is recognized as a key quality indicator that prospectively predicts functional and clinical outcomes. Coercive treatment experience is a frequently cited source of dissatisfaction with inpatient ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Drug and alcohol trajectories among adults with schizophrenia: data from the CATIE study.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · August 2013 OBJECTIVE: The primary aim is to describe drug and alcohol trajectories in adults with schizophrenia. METHOD: Growth mixture models were used to examine disordered and non-disordered use and abstinence in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention E ... Full text Link to item Cite

Costs of criminal justice involvement among persons with serious mental illness in connecticut.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · July 1, 2013 OBJECTIVE: This study sought to describe patterns and costs of criminal justice involvement among adults with serious mental illness who received services across public agencies within a single state. Costs were examined from the perspective of state agenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of outcomes for African Americans, Hispanics, and Non-Hispanic Whites in the CATIE study.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2013 OBJECTIVE: Medication outcome literature in schizophrenia across racial-ethnic groups is sparse, with inconsistent findings. The Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) study provided an opportunity for exploratory analyses of r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using electronic health records data to assess comorbidities of substance use and psychiatric diagnoses and treatment settings among adults.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · April 2013 OBJECTIVE: To examine prevalences of substance use disorders (SUD) and comprehensive patterns of comorbidities among psychiatric patients ages 18-64 years (N = 40,099) in an electronic health records (EHR) database. METHOD: DSM-IV diagnoses among psychiatr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Evaluating brief screeners to discriminate between drug use disorders in a sample of treatment-seeking adults.

Journal Article Gen Hosp Psychiatry · 2013 OBJECTIVE: The objective was to identify a potential core set of brief screeners for the detection of individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD) in medical settings. METHOD: Data were from two multisite studies that evaluated stimulant use outcomes of ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A recovery-oriented money management intervention.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · January 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

Economic grand rounds: Can states implement involuntary outpatient commitment within existing state budgets?

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · January 2013 Many states have not implemented involuntary outpatient commitment, possibly believing that the program is too costly. A review of New York State's experience found that even though the state had appropriated funds for implementing outpatient commitment, o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing illicit drug use among adults with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · December 30, 2012 Accurate drug use assessment is vital to understanding the prevalence, course, treatment needs, and outcomes among individuals with schizophrenia because they are thought to remain at long-term risk for negative drug use outcomes, even in the absence of dr ... Full text Link to item Cite

In-home mental health treatment for individuals with HIV.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · November 2012 Mental health problems are highly prevalent among individuals with HIV and are consistently associated with negative health outcomes. However, mental illness often remains untreated due to significant psychosocial and physical barriers to treatment partici ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alcohol and drug use disorders among adults in emergency department settings in the United States.

Journal Article Ann Emerg Med · August 2012 STUDY OBJECTIVE: Improving identification and treatment for substance use disorders is a national priority, but data about various drug use disorders encountered in emergency departments (EDs) are lacking. We examine past-year substance use and substance u ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Psychiatric violence risk assessment

Journal Article American Journal of Psychiatry · March 1, 2012 Full text Cite

Public behavioral health care reform in North Carolina: will we get it right this time around?

Journal Article N C Med J · 2012 North Carolina seeks to provide affordable and high-quality care for people with mental health, developmental disabilities and substance abuse conditions by reforming its behavioral health care system. This article presents an overview of current efforts t ... Link to item Cite

Criminal justice system involvement among people with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Community Ment Health J · December 2011 There is growing concern that people with schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses are increasingly at risk for unnecessary criminal justice system (CJS) involvement. There has been limited examination, however, of which individual characteristics p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substance use and schizophrenia: adverse correlates in the CATIE study sample.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · November 2011 OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between severity of illicit substance use at the time of study entry in a sample of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 18-month longitudinal outcomes, including psychopathology, depression, neurocognit ... Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized trial examining the effectiveness of switching from olanzapine, quetiapine, or risperidone to aripiprazole to reduce metabolic risk: comparison of antipsychotics for metabolic problems (CAMP).

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · September 2011 OBJECTIVE: The authors conducted a multisite randomized controlled trial examining the strategy of switching from olanzapine, quetiapine, or risperidone to aripiprazole to ameliorate metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. METHOD: Patients with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal consent-related abilities among research participants with schizophrenia: results from the CATIE study.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · August 2011 OBJECTIVE: Research participants must have adequate consent-related abilities to provide informed consent at the time of study enrollment. We sought to determine if research participants with schizophrenia maintain adequate consent-related abilities during ... Full text Link to item Cite

The association between weight change and symptom reduction in the CATIE schizophrenia trial.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · May 2011 BACKGROUND: Weight gain and changes in metabolic indicators associated with some antipsychotics may be related to symptom improvement and thus an unavoidable correlate of clinical benefit. METHODS: Data from the CATIE schizophrenia trial comparing the effe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment outcomes of patients with tardive dyskinesia and chronic schizophrenia.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · March 2011 OBJECTIVE: We compared the response to antipsychotic treatment between patients with and without tardive dyskinesia (TD) and examined the course of TD. METHOD: This analysis compared 200 patients with DSM-IV-defined schizophrenia and TD and 997 patients wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of evidence-based education on prescribing in a psychiatry residency.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Pract · March 2011 OBJECTIVE: Recent clinical trials comparing the effectiveness of antipsychotics have found no advantage for second-generation antipsychotics over older first-generation agents. However, the former are much more commonly used despite their significantly hig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of second-generation antipsychotics and perphenazine on depressive symptoms in a randomized trial of treatment for chronic schizophrenia.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · January 2011 BACKGROUND: According to the American Psychiatric Association Clinical Practice Guidelines for schizophrenia, second-generation antipsychotics may be specifically indicated for the treatment of depression in schizophrenia. We examined the impact of these m ... Full text Link to item Cite

A conceptually based scale to measure consumers' treatment motivation

Journal Article Research on Social Work Practice · January 1, 2011 Objectives: The objective of this work was to assess the reliability and validity of the Treatment Motivation Questionnaire- Revised (TMQ-R) in people with serious mental illness (SMI). Method: A large sample of consumers of mental health services (n = 469 ... Full text Cite

Reductions in arrest under assisted outpatient treatment in New York.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2010 OBJECTIVE: Individuals with serious mental illness have a relatively high risk of criminal justice involvement. Assisted outpatient treatment (AOT) is a legal mechanism that mandates treatment for individuals with serious mental illness who are unlikely to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assisted outpatient treatment in New York: regional differences in New York's assisted outpatient treatment program.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2010 OBJECTIVE: This study sought to describe the implementation of "Kendra's Law" in New York State and examine regional differences in the application of the program. METHODS: Between February 2007 and April 2008, interviews were conducted with 50 key informa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Continuing medication and hospitalization outcomes after assisted outpatient treatment in New York.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2010 OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether persons with mental illness who undergo a period of involuntary outpatient commitment continue to receive prescribed medications and avoid psychiatric hospitalization after outpatient commitment ends. METHODS: Data on ... Full text Link to item Cite

Robbing Peter to pay Paul: did New York State's outpatient commitment program crowd out voluntary service recipients?

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2010 OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether New York State's assisted outpatient treatment (AOT) program disadvantaged voluntary service recipients by directing services toward court-ordered individuals. METHODS: Administrative data from the New York State Offi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in guideline-recommended medication possession after implementing Kendra's law in New York.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2010 OBJECTIVE: This study examined changes in possession of guideline-recommended medication among three groups of New York State Medicaid enrollees with severe mental illness: those who received an involuntary outpatient commitment order, voluntary enhanced s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing outcomes for consumers in New York's assisted outpatient treatment program.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2010 OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether New York State's assisted outpatient treatment (AOT) program, a form of involuntary outpatient commitment, improves a range of policy-relevant outcomes for court-ordered individuals. METHODS: Administrative data from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medication preferences and adherence among individuals with severe mental illness and psychiatric advance directives.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · April 2010 OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric advance directives allow patients with severe mental illness to document their preferences for particular medications. This study investigated the role of psychiatric advance directives in treatment choice and medication adherence. M ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychiatric advance directives and social workers: an integrative review.

Journal Article Soc Work · April 2010 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are legal documents that allow individuals to express their wishes for future psychiatric care and to authorize a legally appointed proxy to make decisions on their behalf during incapacitating crises. PADs are viewed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of antipsychotic medication on family burden in schizophrenia: longitudinal results of CATIE trial.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · February 2010 BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effectiveness of first- and second-generation antipsychotics in reducing family burden associated with schizophrenia. METHODS: The family caregivers of 623 SCID-diagnosed patients enrolled in the Clinical Antipsychotic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia: Findings from the NIMH CATIE study

Chapter · January 1, 2010 Reduction of psychotic symptoms is a key goal of schizophrenia treatment, but may not translate into meaningful improvement in the day-to-day functioning of affected patients. Psychosocial functioning is strongly correlated with cognitive functioning and n ... Full text Cite

Substance use in persons with schizophrenia: Incidence, baseline correlates, and effects on outcome

Chapter · January 1, 2010 One unintended consequence of shifting care for patients with schizophrenia away from institutional settings to the community has been exposing them to a much greater risk of using substances of abuse. Estimates of substance use/abuse in schizophrenia rang ... Full text Cite

Inflammatory markers in schizophrenia: comparing antipsychotic effects in phase 1 of the clinical antipsychotic trials of intervention effectiveness study.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · December 1, 2009 BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin are systemic inflammatory markers (IM) that positively correlate with cardiovascular (CV) risk. Despite the known C ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preferences for psychiatric advance directives among Latinos: views on advance care planning for mental health.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2009 OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric advance directives allow people to plan for future mental health care. Little is known about how minority groups, particularly Latinos, view these legal mechanisms. This study examined demand for, and attitudes toward, psychiatric ad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Can a nonequivalent choice of dosing regimen bias the results of flexible dose double blind trials? The CATIE schizophrenia trial.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · August 2009 BACKGROUND: One of the major challenges in the design of double-blind flexible-dosing clinical trials comparing active drugs is the selection of dosing regimens that are equivalent across drugs. This study uses data from the CATIE schizophrenia trial to ev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Autonomy and the use of directive intervention in the treatment of individuals with serious mental illnesses: A survey of social work practitioners

Journal Article Social Work in Mental Health · July 1, 2009 Social workers in mental health settings struggle to support the principle of autonomy while weighing the need to directively intervene when there is a risk of harm or when clients are nonadherent to treatment. However, our understanding of this tension is ... Full text Cite

Taking issue

Journal Article Psychiatric Services · May 1, 2009 Full text Cite

Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between insight and attitudes toward medication and clinical outcomes in chronic schizophrenia.

Journal Article Schizophr Bull · March 2009 BACKGROUND: We evaluated the cross-sectional and longitudinal association of measures of both insight and attitudes toward medication to outcomes that included psychopathology and community functioning. METHODS: Clinical Antipsychotic Trial of Intervention ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial disparities in involuntary outpatient commitment: are they real?

Journal Article Health Aff (Millwood) · 2009 In this paper we explore racial disparities in outpatient civil commitment, using data from Kendra's Law in New York State. Overall, African Americans are more likely than whites to be involuntarily committed for outpatient psychiatric care in New York. Ho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Results of phase 3 of the CATIE schizophrenia trial.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · January 2009 OBJECTIVE: The Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) study examined the comparative effectiveness of antipsychotic treatments for individuals with chronic schizophrenia. Patients who had discontinued antipsychotic treatment in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of obesity on health care costs among persons with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Gen Hosp Psychiatry · 2009 BACKGROUND: Obesity is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States and is twice as common among individuals with schizophrenia as the general population. METHODS: Data from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does switching to a new antipsychotic improve outcomes? Data from the CATIE Trial.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · January 2009 PURPOSE: Previous analysis of data from CATIE showed that patients randomly assigned to switch to a new medication were more likely to discontinue study drug than those who stayed on the medication they had been taking prior to randomization. This study ad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing barriers to completing psychiatric advance directives.

Journal Article Adm Policy Ment Health · November 2008 OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) allow individuals to plan for future mental health treatment. However, little is known about barriers to PAD completion. This paper examines an intervention's effect in reducing barriers to PAD completion. M ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extrapyramidal side-effects of antipsychotics in a randomised trial.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · October 2008 BACKGROUND: There are claims that second-generation antipsychotics produce fewer extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS) compared with first-generation drugs. AIMS: To compare the incidence of treatment-emergent EPS between second-generation antipsychotics and p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance measures for mental healthcare in Singapore.

Journal Article Ann Acad Med Singap · September 2008 Mental disorders are both common and costly. The mental health system in Singapore lacks co-ordination as well as being underdeveloped in certain areas. To address these gaps as well to face emerging challenges like an ageing population, and other socioeco ... Link to item Cite

Impact of antipsychotic treatment on nonfasting triglycerides in the CATIE Schizophrenia Trial phase 1.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · August 2008 BACKGROUND: Recent literature documents a stronger association between nonfasting triglycerides (TG) and cardiovascular risk compared to fasting TG. Given concerns over antipsychotic effects on serum TG, this analysis explored changes in nonfasting TG in p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship of cognition and psychopathology to functional impairment in schizophrenia.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · August 2008 OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the association of neurocognition and symptoms with measures of social and occupational functioning in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE). METHOD: CATIE was an 18-month study of individua ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of antipsychotic medication effects on reducing violence in people with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · July 2008 BACKGROUND: Violence is an uncommon but significant problem associated with schizophrenia. AIMS: To compare antipsychotic medications in reducing violence among patients with schizophrenia over 6 months, identify prospective predictors of violence and exam ... Full text Link to item Cite

A clinical trial comparing interviewer and computer-assisted assessment among clients with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · July 2008 OBJECTIVE: Demographic, behavioral, and diagnostic information should routinely be collected from clients with severe mental illness, and data gathering should employ the most efficient techniques available. Surveys are increasingly conducted via Web-based ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alternative pathways to violence in persons with schizophrenia: the role of childhood antisocial behavior problems.

Journal Article Law Hum Behav · June 2008 Violence in schizophrenia patients may result from many factors besides the symptoms of schizophrenia. This study examined the relationship between childhood antisocial behavior and adult violence using data from the NIMH CATIE study. The prevalence of vio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Introduction to the CATIE special section.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · May 2008 Full text Link to item Cite

Who are the new users of antipsychotic medications?

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · May 2008 OBJECTIVE: This study examined changes in the prevalence of antipsychotic medication use and the characteristics of antipsychotic users in the U.S. population between 1996 and 2005. METHODS: Data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey from 1996-1997 and ... Full text Link to item Cite

What CATIE found: results from the schizophrenia trial.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · May 2008 The authors provide an overview of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health. CATIE was designed to compare a proxy first-generation antipsychotic, perphenazine, to several ... Full text Link to item Cite

Change in metabolic syndrome parameters with antipsychotic treatment in the CATIE Schizophrenia Trial: prospective data from phase 1.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · April 2008 BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increased risk for diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease, and is highly prevalent among schizophrenia patients. Given concerns over antipsychotic metabolic effects, this analysis explored MS ... Full text Link to item Cite

Employment outcomes in a randomized trial of second-generation antipsychotics and perphenazine in the treatment of individuals with schizophrenia.

Journal Article J Behav Health Serv Res · April 2008 Employment has been increasingly recognized as an important goal for individuals with schizophrenia. Previous research has shown mixed results on the relationship of specific antipsychotic medications to employment outcomes, with some studies finding great ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social workers' familiarity with psychiatric advance directives: Implications for education, practice, and research

Journal Article Families in Society · April 1, 2008 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are legal documents that allow competent individuals to express wishes for psychiatric care during a future crisis when they may no longer be able to do so. PADs are intended to enhance client autonomy at a time when c ... Full text Cite

The effectiveness of antipsychotic medications in patients who use or avoid illicit substances: results from the CATIE study.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · March 2008 OBJECTIVE: This double-blind study compared a second generation (atypical) antipsychotic drugs compared to a representative older agent for patients with schizophrenia who use or avoid illicit substances. METHODS: Schizophrenic subjects were recruited at 5 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing risk of violent behavior among veterans with severe mental illness.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · February 2008 Although empirical research has examined factors associated with increased violence risk among individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) and among veterans without SMI, less attention has been devoted to identifying violence risk factors among veterans ... Full text Link to item Cite

Front line workers' attitudes towards psychiatric advance directives.

Journal Article Community Ment Health J · February 2008 Studies have begun to explore provider attitudes' toward psychiatric advance directives (PADs) and how those attitudes are related to provider characteristics. The study gathered attitudinal data from a sample of 193 social workers serving mentally ill adu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caregivers as money managers for adults with severe mental illness: how treatment providers can help.

Journal Article Acad Psychiatry · 2008 OBJECTIVE: To review the prevalence, benefits, and problems associated with families who, either informally or formally as representative payees, manage money for adults with severe mental illness. METHODS: Based on empirical research and clinical cases, s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychiatric advance directives and reduction of coercive crisis interventions.

Journal Article J Ment Health · January 1, 2008 BACKGROUND: Psychiatric advance directives are intended to enable self-determined treatment for patients who lose decisional capacity, and thus reduce the need for coercive interventions such as police transport, involuntary commitment, seclusion and restr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of Antipsychotics for Metabolic Problems (CAMP): A NIMH schizophrenia trials network study

Journal Article Clinical Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses · December 1, 2007 Because of growing concern about the physical health status of persons with schizophrenia and uncertainty regarding optimal strategies to manage metabolic side effects of antipsychotic drugs that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, we developed a ... Full text Cite

An integrated, multidimensional treatment model for individuals living with HIV, mental illness, and substance abuse.

Journal Article Health Soc Work · November 2007 The challenge of providing effective treatment services for the growing population of HIV-positive individuals who are also dually diagnosed with substance use and mental disorders has only recently been recognized as an important public health concern aff ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relation of lifetime trauma and depressive symptoms to mortality in HIV.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · November 2007 OBJECTIVE: In an era of highly active antiretroviral therapies, the authors needed to confirm previous findings showing that stress and depression have an impact on HIV disease progression. The goal of the current study was to examine the effects of lifeti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics of representative payeeship involving families of beneficiaries with psychiatric disabilities.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · November 2007 OBJECTIVE: Although the Social Security Administration frequently assigns family members to serve as representative payees for relatives with psychiatric disabilities, few studies have examined characteristics associated with these payee arrangements or th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Minorities, the poor, and survivors of abuse: HIV-infected patients in the US deep South.

Journal Article South Med J · November 2007 BACKGROUND: The HIV/AIDS epidemic in the U.S. South is undergoing a marked shift toward a greater proportion of new HIV/AIDS cases in women, African-Americans, and through heterosexual transmission. METHODS: Using consecutive sampling, 611 participants wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENTING PSYCHIATRIC ADVANCE DIRECTIVES TO PROMOTE SELF-DETERMINATION OF TREATMENT AMONG PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS.

Journal Article Psychol Public Policy Law · November 2007 Statutes on psychiatric advance directives (PADs) allow competent individuals to document instructions for future mental health treatment in the event of an incapacitating crisis. PADs are aimed at promoting a stronger sense of patient self-determination, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Authors' reply:.

Journal Article The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · October 2007 Cite

Childhood abuse and initial presentation for HIV care: an opportunity for early intervention.

Journal Article AIDS Care · October 2007 An alarmingly high prevalence of childhood sexual and physical abuse has been observed in HIV-infected men and women, with rates several times higher than observed in the general population. Childhood abuse history has been associated with worse antiretrov ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of patients' reasons for refusing treatment on implementing psychiatric advance directives.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · October 2007 OBJECTIVE: Clinicians have raised concerns that psychiatric advance directives may be used to refuse all treatment. However, people writing psychiatric advance directives can explicitly state their reasoning underlying treatment decisions. This study exami ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of AIDS-related morbidity and mortality in a southern U.S. Cohort.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · September 2007 Advances in the treatment of HIV and associated opportunistic infections (OIs) have led to dramatic reductions in HIV-related morbidity and mortality in the United States, but not all patients have benefited equally. A longitudinal analysis of the Coping w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics for substance use in schizophrenia patients.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · August 2007 OBJECTIVE: This study examined the influence of medication class (atypical antipsychotic, typical antipsychotic and no medication) and compliance on substance use outcomes for schizophrenia patients in the community. METHOD: N=362 adults with schizophrenia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Healthcare barriers among severely mentally ill homeless adults: evidence from the five-site health and risk study.

Journal Article Adm Policy Ment Health · July 2007 UNLABELLED: Few studies have examined barriers to physical and mental healthcare among homeless mentally adults. METHODS: This study examined physical and mental healthcare barriers reported by 154 recently homeless mentally ill persons. RESULTS: Practical ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurocognitive effects of antipsychotic medications in patients with chronic schizophrenia in the CATIE Trial.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · June 2007 CONTEXT: Neurocognitive impairment in schizophrenia is severe and is an important predictor of functional outcome. The relative effect of the second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic drugs and older agents on neurocognition has not been comprehensively d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Competence to complete psychiatric advance directives: effects of facilitated decision making.

Journal Article Law Hum Behav · June 2007 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) statutes presume competence to complete these documents, but the range and dimensions of decisional competence among people who actually complete PADs is unknown. This study examines clinical and neuropsychological cor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Second-generation antipsychotics: reviewing the cost-effectiveness component of the CATIE trial.

Journal Article Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res · April 2007 The cost-effectiveness component of the 18-month CATIE trial of schizophrenia pharmacotherapy (n = 1460) showed that the first-generation antipsychotic perphenazine was US$300-600 per month less expensive than each of four second-generation antipsychotics, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in patients with chronic schizophrenia after discontinuing perphenazine: a CATIE study.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · March 2007 OBJECTIVE: The relative effectiveness of newly started antipsychotic drugs for individuals with schizophrenia may depend on multiple factors, including each patient's previous treatment response and the reason for a new medication trial. This randomized, d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measures and predictors of community-based employment and earnings of persons with schizophrenia in a multisite study.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · March 2007 OBJECTIVE: Data from a national study of persons with schizophrenia-related disorders were examined to determine clinical factors and labor-market conditions related to employment outcomes. METHODS: Data were obtained from the U.S. Schizophrenia Care and A ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of antipsychotic medications on psychosocial functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia: findings from the NIMH CATIE study.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · March 2007 OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relative effects of the second-generation antipsychotic drugs and an older representative agent on psychosocial functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia. METHOD: Consenting patients were enrolled in the NIMH Cli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overriding psychiatric advance directives: factors associated with psychiatrists' decisions to preempt patients' advance refusal of hospitalization and medication.

Journal Article Law Hum Behav · February 2007 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are intended to support patients' treatment decisions during a crisis. However, PAD statutes give clinicians broad discretion over whether to carry out patients' advance instructions. This study uses data from a survey ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of perceived need for treatment on risk of arrest and violence among people with severe mental illness

Journal Article Criminal Justice and Behavior · February 1, 2007 One clinical strategy for managing risk of arrest and violence among people with severe mental illness (SMI) involves targeting potentially treatable factors related to these risks. The current study examines the association between individuals' perceived ... Full text Cite

Previous involuntary commitment is associated with current perceptions of coercion in voluntarily hospitalized patients

Journal Article International Journal of Forensic Mental Health · January 1, 2007 Involuntary psychiatric treatment is sometimes necessary and beneficial, but may also exert negative effects. The impact of involuntary commitment on subsequent mental health treatment experience is poorly understood. We examined whether history of involun ... Full text Cite

Understanding the personal and clinical utility of psychiatric advance directives: a qualitative perspective.

Journal Article Psychiatry · 2007 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are legal tools that allow competent individuals to declare preferences for future mental health treatment when they may not be capable of doing so as a result of a psychiatric crisis. PADs allow individuals to maintai ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychiatric advance directives: a tool for consumer empowerment and recovery.

Journal Article Psychiatr Rehabil J · 2007 Individuals with psychiatric disabilities identify choice and self-direction as central elements of recovery. During times of psychiatric crisis people may experience a frightening loss of choice and self-direction, which can be damaging and traumatic. Psy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dr. Rosenheck and colleagues reply [2]

Journal Article American Journal of Psychiatry · January 1, 2007 Full text Cite

Dr. Swanson and colleagues reply [4]

Journal Article American Journal of Psychiatry · January 1, 2007 Full text Cite

Cost-effectiveness of second-generation antipsychotics and perphenazine in a randomized trial of treatment for chronic schizophrenia.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 2006 BACKGROUND: Second-generation antipsychotics have largely replaced first-generation antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia, but a large-scale cost/effectiveness analysis has not been attempted. METHOD: Patients with schizophrenia (N=1,493) were ... Full text Link to item Cite

Facilitated psychiatric advance directives: a randomized trial of an intervention to foster advance treatment planning among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · November 2006 OBJECTIVE: Studies show a high potential demand for psychiatric advance directives but low completion rates. The authors conducted a randomized study of a structured, manualized intervention to facilitate completion of psychiatric advance directives. METHO ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment engagement and violence risk in mental disorders.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · October 2006 BACKGROUND: Research has uncovered many characteristics related to violence committed by people with mental illness. However, relatively few studies have focused on understanding the connection between violence and dynamic, malleable variables such as a pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Baseline neurocognitive deficits in the CATIE schizophrenia trial.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · September 2006 Neurocognition is moderately to severely impaired in patients with schizophrenia. However, the factor structure of the various neurocognitive deficits, the relationship with symptoms and other variables, and the minimum amount of testing required to determ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interrelationships of psychiatric symptom severity, medical comorbidity, and functioning in schizophrenia.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 2006 OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the interrelationships of psychiatric symptom severity, medical comorbidity, and psychosocial functioning in a sample of patients with schizophrenia by utilizing the baseline data from the Clinical An ... Full text Link to item Cite

Components and correlates of family burden in schizophrenia.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 2006 OBJECTIVE: Components and correlates of caregiver burden in schizophrenia were studied. METHODS: The family caregivers of 623 (43 percent) of 1,460 patients with schizophrenia enrolled in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CAT ... Full text Link to item Cite

Violence and leveraged community treatment for persons with mental disorders.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · August 2006 OBJECTIVE: This article explores the link between violence and the practice of legally mandating treatment in the community or leveraging benefits from the social welfare system, such as subsidized housing and disability income support, to ensure adherence ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substance use and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia among new enrollees in the NIMH CATIE study.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 2006 OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between substance use and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia. METHODS: Participants were enrolled in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness. This study used baseline assessment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinicians' attitudes regarding barriers to the implementation of psychiatric advance directives.

Journal Article Adm Policy Ment Health · July 2006 OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) may include documenting advance instructions (AIs) and/or designating health care agents (HCAs). Laws authorizing PADs have proliferated in the past decade, but there has been little research regarding perce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of childhood sexual abuse and physical trauma in an HIV-positive sample from the deep south.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · June 2006 We examined prevalence and predictors of trauma among HIV-infected persons in the Deep South using data from the Coping with HIV/AIDS in the Southeast (CHASE) study. Over 50% of CHASE participants were abused during their lives, with approximately 30% expe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Barriers to antiretroviral adherence: the importance of depression, abuse, and other traumatic events.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · June 2006 Among HIV-infected persons, high-level adherence to antiretroviral medications (>90%-95%) is associated with improved immunologic, virologic, and clinical outcomes, and is necessary to prevent the emergence of viral resistance. This study examines whether ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with suicidality in male veterans with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · May 2006 The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders and comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at higher risk for suicidality than patients without comorbid PTSD. Participants were 165 male vete ... Full text Link to item Cite

A national study of violent behavior in persons with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · May 2006 CONTEXT: Violent behavior is uncommon, yet problematic, among schizophrenia patients. The complex effects of clinical, interpersonal, and social-environmental risk factors for violence in this population are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To examine the pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of clozapine versus olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in patients with chronic schizophrenia who did not respond to prior atypical antipsychotic treatment.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · April 2006 OBJECTIVE: When a schizophrenia patient has an inadequate response to treatment with an antipsychotic drug, it is unclear what other antipsychotic to switch to and when to use clozapine. In this study, the authors compared switching to clozapine with switc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, and ziprasidone in patients with chronic schizophrenia following discontinuation of a previous atypical antipsychotic.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · April 2006 BACKGROUND: In the treatment of schizophrenia, changing antipsychotics is common when one treatment is suboptimally effective, but the relative effectiveness of drugs used in this strategy is unknown. This randomized, double-blind study compared olanzapine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploring lack of trust in care providers and the government as a barrier to health service use.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · April 2006 OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between trust of health care providers and the government and health service use and outcomes. METHODS: Interviews with a sample of 611 HIV-positive individuals included an attitudinal assessment measuring beliefs conce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical decision making and views about psychiatric advance directives.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · March 2006 OBJECTIVES: Psychiatric advance directives allow competent persons to document advance instructions or designate a health care agent to communicate their preferences for future mental health treatment in the event of an incapacitating crisis. Although laws ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of outpatient commitment or related civil court treatment orders in five U.S. communities.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · March 2006 OBJECTIVE: Outpatient commitment and a number of related civil court mechanisms are used to attempt to improve adherence to mental health treatment in the community. This study examined lifetime use rates and correlates of outpatient commitment or related ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medication adherence and long-term functional outcomes in the treatment of schizophrenia in usual care.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · March 2006 BACKGROUND: Relatively little is known about the relationships between medication adherence and long-term functional outcomes in the treatment of schizophrenia. To extend previous research, we prospectively examined the relationships between adherence with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substance use in persons with schizophrenia: baseline prevalence and correlates from the NIMH CATIE study.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · March 2006 This study examined baseline correlates of substance use in the NIMH Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness project. Approximately 60% of the sample was found to use substances, including 37% with current evidence of substance use diso ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dr. Lieberman and Colleagues reply [17]

Journal Article American Journal of Psychiatry · March 1, 2006 Cite

Barriers to employment for people with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · March 2006 OBJECTIVE: There is growing interest in identifying and surmounting barriers to employment for people with schizophrenia. The authors examined factors associated with participation in competitive employment or other vocational activities in a large group o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dr. Lieberman and Colleagues Reply

Journal Article American Journal of Psychiatry · March 1, 2006 Full text Cite

Time to discontinuation of atypical versus typical antipsychotics in the naturalistic treatment of schizophrenia.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · February 21, 2006 BACKGROUND: There is an ongoing debate over whether atypical antipsychotics are more effective than typical antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia. This naturalistic study compares atypical and typical antipsychotics on time to all-cause medicati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient preferences for psychiatric advance directives

Journal Article International Journal of Forensic Mental Health · January 1, 2006 Limited research has examined patients’ preferences for psychiatric advance directives (PADs). This study examines the preferences and interest in PADs among patients with severe mental illness. Participants in a randomized controlled trial of PAD facilita ... Full text Cite

Psychiatric advance directives among public mental health consumers in five U.S. cities: prevalence, demand, and correlates.

Journal Article J Am Acad Psychiatry Law · 2006 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are legal instruments that allow competent persons to document their preferences regarding future mental health treatment and to designate a surrogate decisionmaker in the event they lose capacity to make reliable trea ... Link to item Cite

Superseding psychiatric advance directives: ethical and legal considerations.

Journal Article J Am Acad Psychiatry Law · 2006 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) were introduced in the 1980s as legal instruments for psychiatric patients to retain some choice over their own mental health treatment during periods of decisional incapacity. However, PADs are nested in larger struct ... Link to item Cite

The relationship between mandated community treatment and perceived barriers to care in persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Int J Law Psychiatry · 2006 OBJECTIVE: In recent decades debate has intensified over both the ethics and effectiveness of mandated mental health treatment for persons residing in the community. Perceived barriers to care among persons subjected to mandated community treatment, and th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving health outcomes among individuals with HIV, mental illness, and substance use disorders in the Southeast.

Journal Article AIDS Care · 2006 Providing behavioral treatment for mental health and substance use disorders among HIV-infected individuals is critical because these disorders have been associated with negative outcomes such as poorer medication adherence. This study examines the effecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental illness in U.S. Presidents between 1776 and 1974: a review of biographical sources.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · January 2006 Numerous historical accounts suggest the presence of mental illness in US Presidents, but no systematic review has been undertaken for all holders of this office. We reviewed biographical sources regarding mental illness in 37 US Presidents from 1776 to 19 ... Full text Link to item Cite

S.14.04 CATIE trial results

Conference European Neuropsychopharmacology · January 2006 Full text Cite

Clinical correlates of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia: baseline data from the CATIE schizophrenia trial.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · December 1, 2005 OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical characteristics of individuals with schizophrenia that develop tardive dyskinesia (TD) associated with antipsychotic treatment. METHODS: Baseline data on 1460 patients with schizophrenia were collected as part of the Clin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring outcome priorities and preferences in people with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · December 2005 BACKGROUND: Measures have not taken account of the relative importance patients place on various outcomes. AIMS: To construct and evaluate a multidimensional, preference-weighted mental health index. METHOD: Each of over 1200 patients identified the relati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decision-making capacity for research participation among individuals in the CATIE schizophrenia trial.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · December 1, 2005 OBJECTIVE: Uncertainty regarding the degree to which persons with schizophrenia may lack decision-making capacity, and what the predictors of capacity may be led us to examine the relationship between psychopathology, neurocognitive functioning, and decisi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of early sexual abuse on adult risky sexual behaviors among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Child Abuse Negl · November 2005 OBJECTIVE: There were two aims: first, to examine the relationship between prior sexual abuse and three types of adult risky sexual behaviors [(1) ever traded sex for drugs or money, (2) had unprotected sex in the past 6 months, and (3) frequency of unprot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medication nonadherence and substance abuse in psychotic disorders: impact of depressive symptoms and social stability.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · October 2005 Although studies have consistently shown a strong relationship between medication nonadherence and substance abuse in psychotic disorders, less is understood about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The purpose of this study was to examine whethe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Family representative payeeship and violence risk in severe mental illness.

Journal Article Law Hum Behav · October 2005 Although representative payeeship is prevalent among people with mental illness and shows promise to positively influence clinically relevant outcomes, research also suggests this legal mechanism could be implemented in ways that are problematic. The curre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · September 22, 2005 BACKGROUND: The relative effectiveness of second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic drugs as compared with that of older agents has been incompletely addressed, though newer agents are currently used far more commonly. We compared a first-generation antip ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cost-sharing requirements and access to mental health care among medicare enrollees with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 2005 OBJECTIVE: This study explored the association between Medicare cost-sharing requirements and the probability of use of various mental health outpatient services among Medicare enrollees with schizophrenia. METHODS: Multivariate logistic regression was use ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of race and criminal justice involvement on access to atypical antipsychotic medications among persons with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Ment Health Serv Res · June 2005 This study examined the impact of race and arrest history on the likelihood of being prescribed, and maintaining an atypical antipsychotic prescription for 90 or more days among patients with schizophrenia in the community. Participants were 224 adults wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

A brief mental health and substance abuse screener for persons with HIV.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · February 2005 Mental illness and substance abuse are common among HIV-infected individuals and are associated with negative outcomes, including poor medication adherence. Therefore, quick and effective methods for detecting these co-occurring disorders are necessary for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived fairness and effectiveness of leveraged community treatment among public mental health consumers in five U.S. cities

Journal Article International Journal of Forensic Mental Health · January 1, 2005 Policies to leverage adherence with community-based mental health treatment have become widespread; however, little research exists on the attitudes of persons with psychiatric disorders regarding such leverage. This study examines the appraisals of 1, 011 ... Full text Cite

Psychiatrists’ views and attitudes about psychiatric advance directives

Journal Article International Journal of Forensic Mental Health · January 1, 2005 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) document a patient’s advance instructions (AIs) for treatment and/or designation of a potential proxy decision maker. Approximately 50% of a total of N=167 U.S. psychiatrists who completed a mail survey of their attitu ... Full text Cite

Use of leverage to improve adherence to psychiatric treatment in the community.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · January 2005 OBJECTIVES: A variety of tools are being used as leverage to improve adherence to psychiatric treatment in the community. This study is the first to obtain data on the frequency with which these tools are used in the public mental health system. Patients' ... Full text Link to item Cite

Consumer views of representative payee use of disability funds to leverage treatment adherence.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · January 2005 OBJECTIVE: Although representative payee arrangements are common among people with psychiatric disabilities, only a small body of research has investigated how consumers feel about representative payees' use of disability funds to attempt to improve treatm ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of stigmatizing attitudes toward persons with schizophrenia in four stakeholder groups: perceived likelihood of violence and desire for social distance.

Journal Article Psychiatry · 2005 This study compared four stakeholder groups regarding the presence of stigmatizing attitudes toward a hypothetical person diagnosed with schizophrenia. Participants included consumers with schizophrenia (n = 104), family members of those with schizophrenia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substance abuse and symptoms of mental illness among HIV-positive persons in the Southeast.

Journal Article South Med J · January 2005 OBJECTIVES: Mental illness and substance abuse have been consistently associated with poor HIV-medication adherence and other negative health outcomes. METHODS: A brief mental health and substance use screening instrument was administered to 1,362 HIV-infe ... Full text Link to item Cite

How trauma, recent stressful events, and PTSD affect functional health status and health utilization in HIV-infected patients in the south.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2005 OBJECTIVE: In addition to biological markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression, physical functioning, and utilization of health care may also be important indicators of health status in HIV-infected patients. There is insufficient u ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing violence risk in persons with schizophrenia: olanzapine versus risperidone.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · December 2004 OBJECTIVE: This study prospectively examined the effectiveness of treatment with olanzapine versus risperidone in reducing violent behavior among patients with schizophrenia under "usual care" conditions in the community. METHOD: Participants were 124 adul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychiatric advance directives: Practical, legal, and ethical issues

Journal Article Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice · December 1, 2004 Psychiatric Advance Directives are relatively new legal tools that allow competent persons to consent or refuse mental health treatment and designate a proxy decision maker in advance of a mental health crisis, during which they may lose capacity to make h ... Full text Cite

Involuntary outpatient commitment, community treatment orders, and assisted outpatient treatment: what's in the data?

Journal Article Can J Psychiatry · September 2004 OBJECTIVE: Involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC), also referred to as community treatment orders or assisted outpatient treatment, is a legal intervention intended to improve treatment adherence among persons with serious mental illness. This paper revie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caregiving for persons with mental illness: the impact of outpatient commitment on caregiving strain.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · August 2004 This study examines factors that contribute to the subjective strain experienced by caregivers of persons with severe mental illness and addresses potential improvement in caregiver strain associated with involuntary outpatient commitment. Subjects from a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Consumers' perceptions of the fairness and effectiveness of mandated community treatment and related pressures.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · July 2004 OBJECTIVE: Little research has been conducted on the attitudes of persons with psychiatric disorders toward the potentially adverse or beneficial effects of involuntary outpatient commitment and other forms of mandated community treatment. This study exami ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interpersonal trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with severe mental illness: demographic, clinical, and health correlates.

Journal Article Schizophr Bull · 2004 This study's purpose was to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in persons with severe mental illness. Standardized assessments of interpersonal trauma and PTSD were conducted in 782 patients with severe mental il ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic medications in reducing violent behavior among persons with schizophrenia in community-based treatment.

Journal Article Schizophr Bull · 2004 This study prospectively compared the effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic medications to that of conventional neuroleptics in reducing violent behavior among patients with schizophrenia under "usual care" conditions in the community. Participants (n = ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial differences in hepatitis B and hepatitis C and associated risk behaviors in veterans with severe mental illness.

Journal Article J Natl Med Assoc · January 2004 Racial differences in the seroprevalence of and risks for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) were examined in military veterans with severe mental illnesses (SMI). Participants (376; 155 Caucasian, 221 African American) were inpatients at a Veterans A ... Link to item Cite

Effects of legal mechanisms on perceived coercion and treatment adherence among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · October 2003 This study takes preliminary steps to examine the effects of 2 legal mechanisms-outpatient commitment (OPC) and representative payeeship (rep payee)-on perceived coercion and treatment adherence in persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Data were collec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics of third-party money management for persons with psychiatric disabilities.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 2003 OBJECTIVE: The study examined different types of third-party money management arrangements for persons with psychiatric disabilities and consumers' perceptions of their finances in the context of these arrangements. METHODS: Clinical and demographic data w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substance abuse and the transmission of hepatitis C among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2003 OBJECTIVES: The authors sought to better understand the relationship of substance abuse to higher rates of transmission of hepatitis C among persons with severe mental illness. METHOD: S: The authors assessed 668 persons with severe mental illness for HIV, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2003 OBJECTIVE: Previous reports have indicated that persons with severe mental illness have an elevated risk of contracting HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C compared with the general population. This study extends earlier findings by examining the factors tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

The five-site health and risk study of blood-borne infections among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2003 This article outlines the history and rationale of a multisite study of blood-borne infections among persons with severe mental illness reported in this special section of Psychiatric Services. The general problem of blood-borne diseases in the United Stat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Detection of illicit substance use among persons with schizophrenia by radioimmunoassay of hair.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2003 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Illicit substance use is a potent risk factor for poor outcomes in schizophrenia, yet methods for detecting substance use consistently underestimate the problem. The purpose of this study was to assess whether use of a relatively new method of d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regular sources of medical care among persons with severe mental illness at risk of hepatitis C infection.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 2003 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: An estimated 19.6 percent of persons with severe mental illness are infected with the hepatitis C virus. Given the pressing need to identify and treat persons with severe mental illness who are at risk of hepatitis C infection and transmission, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of four stakeholder groups' preferences concerning outpatient commitment for persons with schizophrenia.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · June 2003 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Study findings indicating that involuntary outpatient commitment can improve treatment outcomes among persons with severe mental illness remain controversial. Opponents of outpatient commitment argue that its coerciveness is unacceptable even gi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Involuntary outpatient commitment and homelessness in persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Ment Health Serv Res · March 2003 This study took preliminary steps to explore the relationship between involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC) and the risk of homelessness among individuals with severe mental disorders. Involuntarily hospitalized patients were randomly assigned to be rele ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychiatric disability, the use of financial leverage, and perceived coercion in mental health services

Journal Article International Journal of Forensic Mental Health · January 1, 2003 Although the use of representative payees has proliferated in the past decade, little is known about whether clinicians or family members of people with mental illness use their control of clients’ money to leverage treatment adherence or whether persons w ... Full text Cite

Psychiatric advance directives: A survey of persons with schizophrenia, family members, and treatment providers

Journal Article International Journal of Forensic Mental Health · January 1, 2003 Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) allow competent persons to request or refuse specific types of treatment and designate a proxy decisionmaker in advance of a mental health crisis when they may lose capacity to make reliable healthcare decisions. A sur ... Full text Cite

The National Institute of Mental Health Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) project: schizophrenia trial design and protocol development.

Journal Article Schizophr Bull · 2003 The National Institute of Mental Health initiated the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) program to evaluate the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in typical settings and populations so that the study results will be max ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing clinical and functional outcomes in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) schizophrenia trial.

Journal Article Schizophr Bull · 2003 Schizophrenia is a symptomatically heterogeneous disorder characterized by the presence of positive and negative symptoms, and variable impairment in community functioning. Given the diversity of symptom presentations and functioning associated with schizo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does fear of coercion keep people away from mental health treatment? Evidence from a survey of persons with schizophrenia and mental health professionals.

Journal Article Behav Sci Law · 2003 Mental health consumer advocates have long argued that involuntary treatment frightens persons with mental disorder and thus deters them from voluntarily seeking help. We surveyed 85 mental health professionals and 104 individuals with schizophrenia spectr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endorsement of personal benefit of outpatient commitment among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Psychol Public Policy Law · 2003 This study examines whether individuals who experienced involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC) attribute benefit to this intervention. It was found that the majority of experimental subjects who underwent a period of OPC did not personally endorse OPC's b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of involuntary outpatient commitment on subjective quality of life in persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Behav Sci Law · 2003 Recent evidence suggests that involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC), when appropriately applied, can improve adherence with psychiatric treatment, decrease hospital recidivism and arrests, and lower the risk of violent behavior in persons with severe men ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does involuntary outpatient commitment lead to more intensive treatment?

Journal Article Psychol Public Policy Law · 2003 Studies of involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC) among persons with severe mental illness have concluded that OPC is only effective in improving treatment outcomes when it is sustained for 6 months or longer and is combined with frequent outpatient servi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mandated treatment in the community for people with mental disorders.

Journal Article Health Aff (Millwood) · 2003 Commitment to community-based mental health treatment bears limited resemblance to commitment to treatment in a closed institution. It can be better understood in the context of a broad movement to apply leverage to induce treatment engagement, a movement ... Full text Link to item Cite

The social-environmental context of violent behavior in persons treated for severe mental illness.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · September 2002 Featured Publication OBJECTIVES: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of violent behavior by individuals with severe mental illness. METHODS: Participants (N = 802) were adults with psychotic or major mood disorders receiving inpatient or outpatient services in pu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of outpatient commitment on victimization of people with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · August 2002 OBJECTIVE: The authors' goal was to evaluate the effectiveness of outpatient commitment in reducing victimization among people with severe mental illness. METHOD: One hundred eighty-four involuntarily hospitalized patients were randomly assigned to be rele ... Full text Link to item Cite

The perceived coerciveness of involuntary outpatient commitment: findings from an experimental study.

Journal Article J Am Acad Psychiatry Law · 2002 Featured Publication This study examines self-reported coercion in subjects with severe mental illness who were randomly assigned in an experimental study to continue under, or be released from, involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC) subsequent to hospital discharge. After re ... Link to item Cite

The impact of borderline personality disorder on post-traumatic stress in the community: a study of health status, health utilization, and functioning.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2002 This study examines impairment and health status and resource utilization among individuals with and without borderline personality disorder (BPD), all of whom had post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Using data from the community-based Piedmont Health S ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recent victimization in women and men with severe mental illness: prevalence and correlates.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · October 2001 The problem of violence against individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) has received relatively, little notice, despite several studies suggesting an exceptionally high prevalence of victimization in this population. This paper describes the results o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mandated community treatment: beyond outpatient commitment.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · September 2001 Featured Publication Outpatient commitment, although often viewed as merely an extension of inpatient commitment, is only one of a growing array of legal tools used to mandate treatment adherence. The authors describe various forms of mandated community treatment. People with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of involuntary outpatient commitment and depot antipsychotics on treatment adherence in persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · September 2001 Featured Publication This study examines potential improvement in treatment adherence during a study of involuntary outpatient commitment among individuals with severe mental illnesses. Involuntarily hospitalized subjects, awaiting discharge under outpatient commitment, were r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Confusion about outpatient commitment.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 2001 Full text Link to item Cite

Special section on involuntary outpatient commitment: introduction.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · March 2001 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized controlled trial of outpatient commitment in North Carolina.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · March 2001 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: A randomized controlled trial of outpatient commitment was conducted in North Carolina to provide empirical data on involuntary outpatient commitment and to evaluate its effectiveness in improving outcomes among persons with severe mental illnes ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the New York City involuntary outpatient commitment pilot program.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · March 2001 OBJECTIVE: The study evaluated the effectiveness of a three-year outpatient commitment pilot program established in 1994 at Bellevue Hospital in New York City. METHODS: A total of 142 participants were randomly assigned; 78 received court-ordered treatment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C in people with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · January 2001 Featured Publication OBJECTIVES: This study assessed seroprevalence rates of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among individuals with severe mental illness. METHODS: Participants (n = 931) were patients undergoing inpatient or outpatient treatment in Co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Can involuntary outpatient commitment reduce arrests among persons with severe mental illness?

Journal Article Criminal Justice and Behavior · January 1, 2001 Involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC) is a promising but controversial legal intervention that may reduce criminal justice contact in persons with severe mental illness (SMI). This article examines arrest outcomes in a 1-year randomized study of OPC in 2 ... Full text Cite

Involuntary out-patient commitment and reduction of violent behaviour in persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · April 2000 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Violent behaviour among persons with severe mental illness (SMI) causes public concern and is associated with illness relapse, hospital recidivism and poor outcomes in community-based treatment. AIMS: To test whether involuntary out-patient com ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychiatric advance directives: an alternative to coercive treatment?

Journal Article Psychiatry · 2000 Featured Publication Psychiatric Advance Directives (PADs) are a legal means by which persons with mental illness, while competent to make healthcare decisions, may specify their preferences for treatment and may designate a surrogate decision-maker to act on their behalf in t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Race, role responsibility, and relationship: understanding the experience of caring for the severely mentally ill

Journal Article Research in Community and Mental Health · January 1, 2000 The purpose of this study was to identify contextual factors that affect the ability of caregivers to provide necessary supports to mentally ill individuals. Context was defined here as the socially patterned arrangements of peoples' everyday lives and the ... Cite

Can involuntary outpatient commitment reduce hospital recidivism?: Findings from a randomized trial with severely mentally ill individuals.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 1999 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of involuntary outpatient commitment in reducing rehospitalizations among individuals with severe mental illnesses. METHOD: Subjects who were hospitalized involuntarily were randomly assig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Consumer perceptions of involuntary outpatient commitment.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · November 1999 This study examined beliefs about the provisions of outpatient commitment and their effects among 306 people with severe and persistent mental illness who were awaiting a period of outpatient commitment. More than 80 percent of the respondents perceived th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functional impairment and utilization of services associated with posttraumatic stress in the community.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · October 1999 This study describes social functioning and service utilization patterns associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms relative to nonpsychiatric controls and depressive disorder controls in a cross-sectional epidemiological survey. Data from 49 cases and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Violent behavior preceding hospitalization among persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Law Hum Behav · April 1999 The need to better understand and manage risk of violent behavior among persons with severe mental illness (SMI) in community care is increasingly being recognized. Of particular concern is a subset of the SMI population characterized by a "revolving door" ... Full text Link to item Cite

Criminal victimization of persons with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · January 1999 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: The types and amounts of crime experienced by persons with severe mental illness were examined to better understand criminal victimization in this population. METHODS: Subjects were 331 involuntarily admitted psychiatric inpatients who were orde ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychiatric impairment, social contact, and violent behavior: evidence from a study of outpatient-committed persons with severe mental disorder.

Journal Article Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · December 1998 The need to better understand and manage risk of violent behavior among people with severe mental illness in community care settings is increasingly being recognized, as public-sector mental health systems face mandates to provide more cost-effective servi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk reconsidered: targets of violence in the social networks of people with serious psychiatric disorders.

Journal Article Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · December 1998 Risk Reconsidered: Targets of violence in the Social Networks of People with Serious Mental illness. This exploratory analysis addresses the questions: 1) Who among the members of the social network of a person diagnosed with a major psychiatric disorder i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Taking the wrong drugs: the role of substance abuse and medication noncompliance in violence among severely mentally ill individuals.

Journal Article Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · December 1998 Featured Publication Increasing numbers of severely mentally ill individuals are being treated in nonhospital, community-based settings and public concern about potential violence by these individuals has increased, often as a result of tragic, albeit uncommon events. The pres ... Full text Link to item Cite

Male-female differences in the setting and construction of violence among people with severe mental illness.

Journal Article Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · December 1998 Data from a sample of severely and persistently mentally ill involuntary patients indicated that differences in violence between males and females in the 4 months prior to hospital admission depended on the measure. In the bivariate analysis, males had a g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment boundaries in the case management relationship: a clinical case and discussion.

Journal Article Community Ment Health J · June 1998 Case managers provide services in a variety of settings and situations that challenge traditional ideas about professional roles and practices. The concepts of treatment boundaries, drawn from the psychotherapy literature, are helpful in conceptualizing ap ... Full text Link to item Cite

Administrative update: utilization of services. I. Comparing use of public and private mental health services: the enduring barriers of race and age.

Journal Article Community Ment Health J · April 1998 Data from the NIMH-Epidemiologic Catchment Area Project were used to predict differential use of private versus public outpatient mental health services, a salient concern in integrating public and private services in market-based health care reform effort ... Full text Link to item Cite

Violence and severe mental illness: the effects of substance abuse and nonadherence to medication.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · February 1998 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Violent behavior among individuals with severe mental illness has become an important focus in community-based care. This study examines the joint effect of substance abuse and medication noncompliance on the greater risk of serious violence amo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of recurrent major and minor depression with a seasonal pattern. The National Comorbidity Survey.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · February 1998 BACKGROUND: Previous estimates of the prevalence of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in community samples have been in the range 2-10%, using methods not derived from DSM algorithms. We report the first community-based study to estimate major and minor de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substance abuse, violent behavior, and police encounters among persons with severe mental disorder

Journal Article Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice · December 1, 1997 In this sample of 331 people with severe mental disorders, 20% reported being arrested or picked up by police for a crime at some time in the 4-month period before their hospital admission, most commonly for alcohol or drug offenses or crimes of public dis ... Full text Cite

The ethical challenges of a randomized controlled trial of involuntary outpatient commitment

Journal Article Journal of Mental Health Administration · September 11, 1997 Involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC) is a civil justice procedure intended to enhance compliance with community mental health treatment, to improve functioning and to reduce recurrent dangerousness and hospital recidivism. The research literature on OPC ... Cite

Prevalence, correlates, and course of minor depression and major depression in the National Comorbidity Survey.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · August 1997 Data from the National Comorbidity Survey are used to study the lifetime prevalences, correlates, course and impairments associated with minor depression (mD), major depression 5-6 symptoms (MD 5-6), and major depression with seven or more symptoms (MD 7-9 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Violence and severe mental disorder in clinical and community populations: the effects of psychotic symptoms, comorbidity, and lack of treatment.

Journal Article Psychiatry · 1997 This paper examines links between violent behavior, type and severity of psychopathology, substance abuse comorbidity, and community mental health treatment, using matched data from two surveys: the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interpreting the effectiveness of involuntary outpatient commitment: a conceptual model.

Journal Article J Am Acad Psychiatry Law · 1997 Many experimental trials of community mental health interventions fail to develop testable conceptual models of the specific mechanisms and pathways by which relevant outcomes may occur, thus falling short of usefully interpreting what happens inside the e ... Link to item Cite

The ethical challenges of a randomized controlled trial of involuntary outpatient commitment.

Journal Article J Ment Health Adm · 1997 Involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC) is a civil justice procedure intended to enhance compliance with community mental health treatment, to improve functioning, and to reduce recurrent dangerousness and hospital recidivism. The research literature on OP ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychotic symptoms and disorders and the risk of violent behaviour in the community

Journal Article Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health · December 1, 1996 This study uses data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) surveys to examine the strength of the association between psychotic symptoms and violent behaviour, controlling for underlying mental disorder, substance abuse, sociodemographic characterist ... Cite

Assessing and managing voilence risk in clinical practice

Journal Article Journal of Practical Psychiatry and Behavioral Health · July 1, 1996 The authors review the techniques for assessing and managing violence risk in clinical practice. They discuss how the concept of risk assessment has evolved and review the accuracy of mental health practitioners' predictions of violence, the relationship b ... Cite

Comorbidity of DSM-III-R major depressive disorder in the general population: results from the US National Comorbidity Survey.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry Suppl · June 1996 General population data are presented on the prevalence and correlates of comorbidity between DSM-III-R major depressive disorder (MDD) and other DSM-III-R disorders. The data come from the US National Comorbidity Survey, a large general population survey ... Link to item Cite

Comorbidity of DSM-III-R major depressive disorder in the general population: results from the US National Comorbidity Survey.

Journal Article The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement · June 1, 1996 General population data are presented on the prevalence and correlates of comorbidity between DSM-III-R major depressive disorder (MDD) and other DSM-III-R disorders. The data come from the US National Comorbidity Survey, a large general population survey ... Cite

Psychotic symptoms and disorders and the risk of violent behaviour in the community

Journal Article Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health · January 1, 1996 This study uses data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) surveys to examine the strength of the association between psychotic symptoms and violent behaviour, controlling for underlying mental disorder, substance abuse, sociodemographic characterist ... Full text Cite

New directions in research on involuntary outpatient commitment.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · April 1995 OBJECTIVE: Involuntary outpatient commitment has been used as a method of improving tenure in community programs for individuals with severe and persistent mental illness. This paper reviews literature on research about involuntary outpatient commitment an ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between insurance coverage and psychiatric disorder in predicting use of mental health services.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 1994 OBJECTIVE: This study investigated how insurance coverage for mental health services affects outpatient mental health service utilization among those with and among those without a DSM-III psychiatric diagnosis. The authors used a representative community ... Full text Link to item Cite

State purchasing cooperatives for psychotropic medication.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · August 1994 Full text Link to item Cite

The prevalence and distribution of major depression in a national community sample: the National Comorbidity Survey.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · July 1994 OBJECTIVE: Major depression is a frequent and disabling psychiatric disorder in the United States. This report examines the prevalence and risk factor profile of both pure and comorbid major depression according to data from the National Comorbidity Survey ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adult onset of severe and pervasive antisocial behavior: A distinct syndrome?

Journal Article Journal of Personality Disorders · January 1, 1994 Data from the Duke Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study were used to determine if persons reporting a pervasive pattern of severe adult antisocial behavior always report a similar pattern of antisocial behavior in childhood. Roughly half of persons rep ... Full text Cite

Sex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey. II: Cohort effects.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · January 1994 Data from a nationally representative sample of the general population are used to study cohort differences in the prevalence of DSM-III-R Major Depressive Episode (MDE). We document increasing lifetime prevalence of MDE among both men and women in more re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Deciding to terminate treatment: a practical guide for physicians.

Journal Article J Crit Care · September 1993 Providing house officers and practicing physicians with annotated, concise, practical guidelines for decisions to terminate treatment is the objective of this report. The study selection and data extraction focused on statutes, regulations, court decisions ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term psychosocial effects of childhood exposure to parental problem drinking.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · April 1993 OBJECTIVE: The effects of childhood exposure to parental problem drinking remain unclear because of inconsistent findings and methodologic difficulties in previous studies. The authors used a large community sample to examine whether exposure to parental p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey. I: Lifetime prevalence, chronicity and recurrence.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · 1993 Basic epidemiologic prevalence data are presented on sex differences in DSM-III-R major depressive episodes (MDE). The data come from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS), the first survey in the U.S. to administer a structured psychiatric interview to a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Benzodiazepine anti-anxiety agents: prevalence and correlates of use in a southern community.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · May 1991 BACKGROUND: Benzodiazepine anti-anxiety agents are the most widely prescribed psychotherapeutic drugs in the United States today. Recent evidence, however, suggests that their use may be decreasing. METHODS: We examine the population prevalence and correla ... Full text Link to item Cite

Somatization Disorder

Chapter · 1991 Cite

Social outcomes related to age of onset among psychiatric disorders.

Journal Article J Consult Clin Psychol · December 1990 Analyses are presented that examine the impact of a diagnosis of affective disorder, anxiety disorder, and substance abuse before and after age 20 on multiple measures of education, socioeconomic and employment status, childbearing, marital status, and ins ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sexual assault and psychiatric disorders among a community sample of women.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · March 1990 The authors examined the relationships between sexual assault and psychiatric disorders in a sample of 1,157 women 18-64 years old in the North Carolina site of the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. The results suggest that sexual assault is a ris ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in the community

Journal Article Journal of Personality Disorders · January 1, 1990 The authors use a new diagnostic algorithm derived from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (the DIS/Borderline Index) to identify a borderline personality disorder among 19- to 55-year-olds at the Duke site of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area project. A cri ... Full text Cite

P.T. Barnum and the borderline personality disorder muddle (I: Reply)

Journal Article American Journal of Psychiatry · January 1, 1990 Cite

Concept of interpersonal distance in borderline personality disorder (Reply)

Journal Article American Journal of Psychiatry · January 1, 1990 Cite

Oscillations of attachment in borderline personality disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · September 1989 The authors propose that oscillations of attachment in borderline personality disorder stem from a central problem with regulation of interpersonal distance. This problem derives from borderline patients' conflicts between fears of abandonment and dominati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antisocial and related disorders in a southern community. An application of grade of membership analysis.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · September 1989 Symptoms of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and of psychiatric conditions reported to be related to ASPD were subjected to grade of membership analysis, a relatively new procedure for medical classification, to identify the pure types that would emp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of borderline personality disorder with the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · February 1989 No lay-administered interviews are currently available to identify persons with borderline personality disorder. The authors studied 79 subjects with the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), a lay-administered interview, and the Diagnostic Interview f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Somatization symptoms in the community: a rural/urban comparison.

Journal Article Psychosomatics · 1989 Somatization is conceptualized as a bodily or somatic expression of psychic distress. Unexplained somatic symptomatology was assessed by use of the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule among community respondents in the Piedmon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medically unexplained physical symptoms, somatization disorder and abridged somatization: studies with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule.

Journal Article Psychiatr Dev · 1989 This paper reviews recent research that used the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) to characterize medically unexplained symptoms and their clustering in clinical and community populations. While the type of symptom(s) differed little across samples, the ... Link to item Cite

Depressive symptoms and depressive diagnoses in a community population. Use of a new procedure for analysis of psychiatric classification.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · December 1988 A multivariate classification technique was used to examine whether depressive symptoms and symptoms frequently associated with depressive disorders would cluster into recognizable syndromes that parallel traditional DSM-III psychiatric diagnoses. An analy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reduced corticotropin releasing factor binding sites in the frontal cortex of suicide victims.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · June 1988 Previous studies have provided evidence that corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is hypersecreted in patients with major depression. This CRF hypersecretion is believed to contribute at least in part to hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Inpatient Milieu: Organizational and Functional Principles

Journal Article Psychiatric Annals · February 1988 Full text Cite

AIDS testing and informed consent.

Journal Article J Health Polit Policy Law · 1988 This article examines whether hospitals should obtain specific informed consent for HIV testing in addition to the general consent for routine procedures that is obtained upon admission. The article argues that specific consent should be obtained in all in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Somatization disorder in the community. A study of diagnostic concordance among three diagnostic systems.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · January 1987 Somatization disorder, the presentation of multiple somatic complaints in multiple organ systems, can be diagnosed by three roughly comparable diagnostic systems: the Washington University Feighner criteria, the Research Diagnostic Criteria, and DSM-III cr ... Full text Link to item Cite

What constitutes a psychiatric emergency: clinical and legal dimensions.

Journal Article Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law · 1987 Featured Publication In true medical emergencies, informed consent is presumed or implied without application of the usual standard. In the litigation over the right to refuse treatment in psychiatry, a limited right for involuntarily committed patients to refuse treatment has ... Link to item Cite

A study of somatization disorder in a community population utilizing grade of membership analysis.

Journal Article Psychiatr Dev · 1987 A new multivariate analytical technique for the analysis of medical classification, Grade of Membership analysis, is utilized to examine somatization disorder in a community population. The authors examine whether somatic symptoms will cluster into a clini ... Link to item Cite

Somatization disorder in a community population.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · November 1986 The data recently collected in the Piedmont region of North Carolina as part of the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program were used to examine somatization disorder in a community population. The authors found an adjusted ... Full text Link to item Cite

Somatization disorder in a US southern community: use of a new procedure for analysis of medical classification.

Journal Article Psychol Med · August 1986 The authors examine somatization disorder in a community population, using grade of membership analysis, a new multivariate analytical technique for the analysis of medical classification. The technique is used to examine whether somatic symptoms will clus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Emergency room management of conversion disorders.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · August 1986 The authors present guidelines for diagnosing and managing conversion disorders in an emergency room setting. Assessment of the patient must be based on a careful physical and psychiatric evaluation that will identify any underlying physical illness or con ... Full text Link to item Cite

Developing a screening index for community studies of somatization disorder.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · 1986 Despite the low prevalence of somatization disorder in the community, the section of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule used to make the diagnosis--as well as previous diagnostic interviews for the related diagnoses of hysteria, and Briquet's syndrome--is q ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stelazine advertisement "dismays" readers.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · May 1985 Full text Link to item Cite

A diagnostic and family study of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · January 1985 A family history study of 36 patients with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder revealed a positive history of familial psychopathology in 66% of the patients. Alcoholism, depression, and anxiety disorders were the disorders most commonly found. The patie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnosis and disposition.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · November 1984 Link to item Cite

Funeral mania in recurrent bipolar affective disorders: reports of three cases.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · July 1984 Anniversary reactions as precipitants of manic episodes are reported to be relatively common, while manic onset within a week of bereavement ("funeral mania") has been considered rare. Three cases of funeral mania are described to illustrate that this phen ... Link to item Cite

Countertransference in the expectant father.

Journal Article Psychosomatics · July 1984 Full text Link to item Cite

Funeral mania in recurrent bipolar affective disorders: Reports of three cases

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1984 Anniversity reactions as precipitants of manic episodes are reported to be relatively common, while manic onset within a week of bereavement ('funeral mania') has been considered rare. Three cases of funeral mania are described to illustrate that this phen ... Cite

A case of intermittent delirious mania.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · October 1982 The authors present a case of intermittent delirious mania in a hypomanic man. Studies revealed no other cause for the delirium, and it remitted with lithium carbonate therapy. ... Full text Link to item Cite