Overview
My day to day research focus is ecology with emphasis on larval biology, chemical, behavioral, spatial ecology and environmental toxicology. Theoretical contributions are in the origins and evolution of chemical systems. Presently, there are three areas of focus: 1) Ecology and behavioral biology of local macroinvertebrates such as blue crabs and mud snails; 2) Barnacle models as they relate to fouling and the prevention of fouling and bioadhesives; 3. Impacts of xenobiotics on behavior and reproduction. I and my students are funded in all three areas with grants to work on a variety of aspects of ecology and reproduction of blue crabs, grants to study families of barnacles with heritable biological adhesive phenotypes and to provide expertise in barnacle biology and to provide living material for the Office of Naval Research Fouling Research program and funding to study impacts of biocide boosters on reproduction and fecundity of target and non target species. I am continuing to participate in an antifouling program in Singapore which began January 2000. The Singapore program has the goal of using drugs from medicine as environmentally benign antifoulants. I have recently begun collaborative research programs in India and Brazil.
Current Duke Appointments & Affiliations
Norman L. Christensen Distinguished Professor of Environmental Sciences
·
2017 - Present
Marine Science and Conservation,
Nicholas School of the Environment
Professor, Marine Science and Conservation
·
2006 - Present
Marine Science and Conservation,
Nicholas School of the Environment
Professor of Biology
·
2006 - Present
Biology,
Trinity College of Arts & Sciences
Affiliate of the Duke Initiative for Science & Society
·
2014 - Present
Duke Science & Society,
University Initiatives & Academic Support Units
Bass Fellow
·
2014 - Present
Marine Science and Conservation,
Nicholas School of the Environment
Recent Scholarly Works
Molecular Interactions of Juvenile and Adult Barnacles at the Polymer Interface.
Journal article The journal of physical chemistry. B · July 2026 The behavior and mechanisms of marine biofouling─the process by which marine organisms attach onto surfaces in the ocean─have been extensively studied using various biofoulers. Barnacles are often used as model hard fouling organisms, which deposit a prote ... Full text CiteSea anemones extract tin associated with polyvinyl chloride pre-production pellets.
Journal article Environmental science. Processes & impacts · May 2026 Marine animals consume microplastics; however, it remains unknown if plastic additives can be extracted from ingested microplastics. This research utilizes animal behavior experiments and analytical chemistry to determine if sea anemones consume plastic pr ... Full text CiteFunctional Microbiomes at the Interface: Mediators in Marine Biofouling and Larval Settlement.
Journal article International journal of molecular sciences · May 2026 Natural and artificial marine surfaces are rapidly colonized by microscopic communities, including propagules of some macrofoulers, in a process called biofouling. These microbiomes play an important role in modulating the evolving microbial community, as ... Full text CiteRecent Grants
Duke University Program in Environmental Health
Inst. Training Prgm or CMEMentor · Awarded by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences · 2019 - 2029Barnacles and Expertise for Antifouling, Foul Release and Adhesion Research (2026)
ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by Office of Naval Research · 2026 - 2029Barnacle Supply for Adhesion Testing for Novel Biofouling Mitigation Coatings
ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by North Dakota State University · 2026 - 2026View All Grants
Education
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor ·
1975
Ph.D.
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor ·
1970
M.S.