Robert A. Malkin | Scholars@Duke

Robert A. Malkin
Professor of the Practice Emeritus in the Department of Biomedical Engineering

Professor Malkin is interested in medical instrumentation in the developing world.

Dr. Malkin is also the founder of Engineering World Health and the Global Public Service Academies. These unique study abroad programs allow undergraduates (EWH) and high school students (GPSA) to study and work in developing world healthcare settings.

Dr. Malkin also conducts research and development focused on medical equipment in the developing world.

Professor Malkin's work on medical instrumentation in the developing world has been supported by Engineering World Health, The National Institutes of Health, The American Heart Association, The Whitaker Foundation, the National Science Foundation and other organizations.

The DHT-Lab runs educational programs such as the EWH Summer Institute and formal classes and provides research and product development opportunities for undergraduates interested in developing world healthcare technology.

Engineering World Health Summer Institute is a unique study abroad program that allows undergraduates to study and work in developing world hospitals. Dr. Malkin and his associates have helped hospitals in Sudan, Nigeria, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Haiti, Liberia, Sierra Leone and many other places. If you came to this site looking for high school programs, consider visiting the Global Public Service Academies a non-Duke program run by Dr. Malkin.

Current Research Interests

Research and development of medical equipment in the developing world.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor of the Practice Emeritus in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2021
Professor of the Practice of Global Health, Duke Global Health Institute, University Institutes and Centers 2011
Affiliate of the Duke Initiative for Science & Society, Duke Science & Society, Initiatives 2014

Contact Information

417 North Building, Research Drive, Durham, NC 27708
Duke Box 90281, 1427 Fciemas, Durham, NC 27708-0281
robert.malkin@duke.edu (919) 660-5131
If you were looking for high school programs
http://dhtlab.pratt.duke.edu
http://www.ewh.org

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Duke University 1993
- M.S., Duke University 1990
- B.S., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 1984
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Professor of the Practice in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2004 - 2020
Recognition
In the News
- NOV 26, 2018 Duke Global Health Initiative
  
  Small but Mighty, the Pratt Pouch Packs a Punch
- AUG 10, 2017 Duke Global Health Institute
  
  Tiny Packet Is Making a Bigand GrowingDent in Childhood HIV
- FEB 24, 2016
  
  Pratt Pouch Project Preventing HIV Transmission to Babies Funded in Ecuador
- NOV 2, 2015 CityLab
  
  The plastic pouch that stops HIV
- MAR 16, 2015 The News & Observer
  
  Tar Heel of the Week: Duke engineer turns mind to global health problems
- MAR 3, 2015 Spectrum
  
  Robert Malkin: MacGyvering medical gear
- JAN 16, 2015
  
  Free Symposium Jan. 26 at Duke to Focus on Social Entrepreneurship, Civic Engagement
- JUN 30, 2014 The News & Observer
  
  Duke team brings life-saving function to ketchup packets
- JUN 25, 2014 WRAL
  
  Duke students create pouch to help deliver HIV drugs to infants
- MAY 23, 2014 The New York Times Magazine
  
  The MacGyver cure for cancer
- JAN 10, 2014 Science
  
  Robert Malkin comments: Mind the gap year
- AUG 28, 2013 Fast Company
  
  Using the McDonald's ketchup pouch model to deliver HIV drugs in the developing world
Awards & Honors
Expertise
Subject Headings
Global Scholarship
- Research
- Teaching
Research
Selected Grants
- The Social Entrepreneurshjp Accelerator: An Ecosystem Approach to Funding & Scaling the Impact of Innovations in Healthcare Delivery and Prevention awarded by US Agency for International Development 2012 - 2022
- Measuring the Impact and Sustainability of the EWH BioMedical Equipment awarded by General Electric Foundation 2014 - 2018
- Duke- Engineering World Health Summer Institute awarded by Engineering World Health 2013 - 2018
- Enhanced Design Experiences for Duke BME Students awarded by National Institutes of Health 2011 - 2017
- Healthcare Integration of the Pratt Pouch for the Prevention of Transmission of HIV from Mother to Child awarded by US Agency for International Development 2013 - 2015
- Anti-retroviral Pouches for the Prevention of Transmission of HIV from Mother to Child for Home Birth awarded by US Agency for International Development 2011 - 2013
- Duke-Engineering World Health Summer Institute awarded by Lord Foundation of North Carolina 2006 - 2007
- Design for the Developing World awarded by Lord Foundation of North Carolina 2005 - 2006
- Development of a New Course: Design for Developing a World with BME/ECE Design Projects awarded by Lord Foundation of North Carolina 2005 - 2006
External Relationships
- Global Public Service Academies E10
- International Reserach Institute of NC
- Malkin Consulting
- Student Public Service Source
- Yacht Charter and Boat School of North Carolina
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Emmerling, D., P. W. Sholar, and R. A. Malkin. “A sustainability evaluation of a biomedical technician training program in Honduras.” Health and Technology 8, no. 4 (September 1, 2018): 291–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12553-018-0241-7.
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  - Emmerling, D., A. Dahinten, and R. A. Malkin. “Problems with systems of medical equipment provision: an evaluation in Honduras, Rwanda and Cambodia identifies opportunities to strengthen healthcare systems.” Health and Technology 8, no. 1–2 (May 1, 2018): 129–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12553-017-0210-6.
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  - Ploss, Brittany, Tania S. Douglas, Matthew Glucksberg, Elsie Effah Kaufmann, Robert A. Malkin, Janet McGrath, Theresa Mkandawire, et al. “Part II: U.S.-Sub-Saharan Africa Educational Partnerships for Medical Device Design.” Annals of Biomedical Engineering 45, no. 11 (November 2017): 2489–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-017-1898-1.
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  - Dahinten, Alexander P., Dorothy E. Dow, Coleen K. Cunningham, Levina J. Msuya, Blandina T. Mmbaga, and Robert A. Malkin. “Providing Safe and Effective Preventative Antiretroviral Prophylaxis to HIV-exposed Newborns via a Novel Drug Delivery System in Tanzania.” Pediatr Infect Dis J 35, no. 9 (September 2016): 987–91. https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000001224.
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  - Dahinten, Alexander P., and Robert A. Malkin. “The Pratt Pouch Provides a Three-Fold Access Increase to Antiretroviral Medication for Births outside Health Facilities in Southern Zambia.” The Open Biomedical Engineering Journal 10 (January 2016): 12–18. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874120701610010012.
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  - Choy, Alexa, Mercedes Ortiz, and Robert Malkin. “Accurate Dosing of Antiretrovirals at Home Using a Foilized, Polyethylene Pouch to Prevent the Transmission of HIV From Mother to Child.” Medicine 94, no. 25 (June 2015): e1030. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000001030.
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  - Malkin, R., and B. Teninty. “Medical imaging in the global public health: Donation, procurement, installation, and maintenance” 9781461406044 (October 1, 2014): 33–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0604-4_6.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and C. Whittle. “Biomedical equipment technician capacity building using a unique evidence-based curriculum improves healthcare.” Journal of Clinical Engineering 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 37–44. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCE.0000000000000008.
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  - Whittle, C., and R. Malkin. “Capacity building for medical equipment technicians improves healthcare.” Journal of Clinical Engineering 39, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 142–47. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCE.0000000000000047.
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  - Malkin, Robert, and Kim von Oldenburg Beer. “Diffusion of novel healthcare technologies to resource poor settings.” Annals of Biomedical Engineering 41, no. 9 (September 2013): 1841–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-013-0750-5.
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  - Malkin, R. A., L. Gu, and B. Teninty. “Provision of biomedical equipment reference texts and manuals on e-readers in resource-poor settings.” Iet Conference Publications 2012, no. 608 CP (December 1, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.1480.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and L. Perry. “Evaluation of the impact of a new biomedical equipment technician curriculum in Rwanda.” Iet Conference Publications 2012, no. 608 CP (December 1, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.1485.
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  - Howitt, Peter, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang, Hutan Ashrafian, Rifat Atun, James Barlow, Alex Blakemore, et al. “Technologies for global health.” Lancet (London, England) 380, no. 9840 (August 2012): 507–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61127-1.
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  - Davis, Ron, and Robert Malkin. “Simultaneous comparison of many triphasic defibrillation waveforms.” The Open Biomedical Engineering Journal 6 (January 2012): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874120701206010001.
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  - Malkin, Robert, and Caroline Howard. “A Foilized Polyethylene Pouch for the Prevention of Transmission of HIV from Mother to Child.” The Open Biomedical Engineering Journal 6 (January 2012): 92–97. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874120701206010092.
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  - Sanders, W. E., R. A. Malkin, and R. E. Ideker. “To the editor.” Pace Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 34, no. 11 (November 1, 2011): 1582–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2011.03196.x.
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  - Gimm, J. A., R. Goldberg, K. Caves, and R. Malkin. “Use of simple hands-on design challenges for practicing engineering design principles.” Asee Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, August 25, 2011.
  - Perry, Lora, and Robert Malkin. “Effectiveness of medical equipment donations to improve health systems: how much medical equipment is broken in the developing world?” Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 49, no. 7 (July 2011): 719–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-011-0786-3.
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  - Criscuolo, J. A., M. J. Rust, and R. A. Malkin. “An affordable neonatal CPAP nasal interface for the developing world.” 2011 Ieee 37th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, Nebec 2011, June 16, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.2011.5778543.
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  - Sanders, William E., Robert A. Malkin, Mark W. Richey, Stephen C. Masson, Terrance J. Ransbury, Mark W. Urtz, and Raymond E. Ideker. “Implantable intravascular defibrillator: evaluation of defibrillation waveforms with inferior vena cava electrode system.” Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : Pace 34, no. 5 (May 2011): 577–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2010.03006.x.
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  - Sanders, William E., Mark W. Richey, Robert A. Malkin, Stephen C. Masson, T. J. Ransbury, Mark W. Urtz, and Raymond E. Ideker. “Novel intravascular defibrillator: defibrillation thresholds of intravascular cardioverter-defibrillator compared to conventional implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in a canine model.” Heart Rhythm 8, no. 2 (February 2011): 288–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.10.031.
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  - Malkin, Robert, and Allison Keane. “Evidence-based approach to the maintenance of laboratory and medical equipment in resource-poor settings.” Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 48, no. 7 (July 2010): 721–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-010-0630-1.
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  - Malkin, Robert, and Vijay Anand. “A novel phototherapy device: the design community approach for the developing world.” Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine : The Quarterly Magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society 29, no. 2 (March 2010): 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1109/memb.2010.936453.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and V. Anand. “Design and Testing of a Novel Phototherapy for the Developing World.” Ieee Emb Magazine 29, no. 2 (2010): 37–43.
  - Sanders, W. E., M. Richey, S. C. Masson, T. Ransbury, M. Urtz, R. E. Ideker, and R. A. Malkin. “Novel intravascular defibrillator (InnerPulse PICD): defibrillation thresholds of PICD compared to Medtronic ICD in a canine model.” European Heart Journal 30 (September 1, 2009): 276–276.
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  - Malkin, R. A. “Duke University-Engineering World Health CUREs program: Developing: Developing new medical equipment.” Iet Seminar Digest 2008, no. 12213 (December 1, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1049/ic:20080591.
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  - Malkin, R. “Engineering world health: Lessons learned from six years of undergraduate service-learning in the developing world.” Asee Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, December 1, 2008.
  - Olson, L. E., M. R. Glucksberg, R. A. Malkin, and M. Poluta. “Special session - Biomedical engineering ethics and standards in the developing world.” Proceedings Frontiers in Education Conference, Fie, December 1, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2007.4418227.
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  - Malkin, Robert A. “Barriers for medical devices for the developing world.” Expert Review of Medical Devices 4, no. 6 (November 2007): 759–63. https://doi.org/10.1586/17434440.4.6.759.
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  - Patel, Shivani Govind, and Robert A. Malkin. “Effect of electrode surface area on thresholds for AC stimulation and ventricular fibrillation.” Ieee Trans Biomed Eng 54, no. 10 (October 2007): 1829–36. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2007.904528.
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  - Malkin, Robert A. “Technologies for clinically relevant physiological measurements in developing countries.” Physiological Measurement 28, no. 8 (August 2007): R57–63. https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/28/8/r01.
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  - Malkin, Robert A. “Design of health care technologies for the developing world.” Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 9 (January 2007): 567–87. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bioeng.9.060906.151913.
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  - Potts, A. R. J., D. M. Testa, and R. A. Malkin. “The design of a low cost scintillating detector for a radiation meter.” Proceedings of the Ieee Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, Nebec, January 1, 2007, 269–70. https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.2007.4413381.
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  - Malkin, Robert A., Dongxu Guan, and John P. Wikswo. “Experimental evidence of improved transthoracic defibrillation with electroporation-enhancing pulses.” Ieee Transactions on Bio Medical Engineering 53, no. 10 (October 2006): 1901–10. https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2006.881787.
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  - Malkin, R. A., S. R. Jackson, J. Nguyen, Z. Yang, and D. Guan. “Reply to "on the optimal defibrillation waveform - How to reconcile theory and experiment?".” Ieee Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 53, no. 8 (August 1, 2006): 1726–27. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2006.878554.
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  - Malkin, Robert A., Stephanie R. Jackson, Jennifer Nguyen, Zhao Yang, and Dongxu Guan. “Experimental verification of theoretical predictions concerning the optimum defibrillation waveform.” Ieee Transactions on Bio Medical Engineering 53, no. 8 (August 2006): 1492–98. https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2006.876643.
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  - Hoffmeister, B. K., A. R. Shores, S. Banerjee, and R. A. Malkin. “Effect of electrically insulating materials on magnetically induced electrical currents in a tissue-like medium.” American Journal of Physics 74, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 260–66. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.2151211.
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  - Dolan, J. M., D. M. Testa, and R. A. Malkin. “Design of a bilirubin light intensity tester for developing world hospitals.” Proceedings of the Ieee Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, Nebec 2006 (January 1, 2006): 47–48.
  - Malkin, R. “The humanitarian efforts of biomedical engineers: An overview from the guest editor.” Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2006). https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMB.2006.1636341.
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  - Malkin, Robert, Stephen D. Hudock, Charles Hayden, Thomas J. Lentz, Jennifer Topmiller, and Richard W. Niemeier. “An assessment of occupational safety and health hazards in selected small businesses manufacturing wood pallets--part 1. Noise and physical hazards.” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2, no. 4 (April 2005): D18–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/15459620590921499.
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  - Malkin, Robert A., Nicolle Kramer, Benjamin Schnitz, Meera Gopalakrishnan, and Amy L. Curry. “Advances in electrical and mechanical cardiac mapping.” Physiological Measurement 26, no. 1 (February 2005): R1-14. https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/26/1/r01.
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  - Guan, Dongxu, and Robert Malkin. “Analysis of the defibrillation efficacy for 5-ms waveforms.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 15, no. 4 (April 2004): 447–54. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2004.03253.x.
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  - Schnitz, Benjamin A., Dong Xu Guan, and Robert A. Malkin. “Design of an integrated sensor for in vivo simultaneous electrocontractile cardiac mapping.” Ieee Transactions on Bio Medical Engineering 51, no. 2 (February 2004): 355–61. https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2003.820388.
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  - Malkin, R. “Engineering world health: A novel approach to teaching a global viewpoint.” Asee Annual Conference Proceedings, December 1, 2003, 4095–98.
  - Raphisak, P., A. De Jongh Curry, R. A. Malkin, and S. A. C. Schuckers. “Heart Rate Variability in Rats with Aldosterone-Induced Chronic Heart Failure.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 1 (December 1, 2003): 228–31.
  - Malkin, R. A., and A. de Jongh Curry. “Frequency dependence of the cardiac threshold to alternating current between 10 Hz and 160 Hz.” Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 41, no. 6 (November 2003): 640–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02349971.
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  - Exil, Vernat J., Richard L. Roberts, Harold Sims, Jacquelin E. McLaughlin, Robert A. Malkin, Carla D. Gardner, Gemin Ni, Jeffrey N. Rottman, and Arnold W. Strauss. “Very-long-chain acyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase deficiency in mice.” Circulation Research 93, no. 5 (September 2003): 448–55. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.0000088786.19197.e4.
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  - Sylvester, Erin, Eric Johnson, Paul Hess, and Robert Malkin. “Defibrillation causes immediate cardiac dilation in humans.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 14, no. 8 (August 2003): 832–36. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.02592.x.
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  - Gopalakrishnan, Meera, and Robert A. Malkin. “Two-dimensional analysis of ventricular fibrillation in the guinea pig.” Journal of Electrocardiology 36, no. 2 (April 2003): 147–53. https://doi.org/10.1054/jelc.2003.50012.
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  - De Jongh, Amy L., Vijaya Ramanathan, Brent K. Hoffmeister, and Robert A. Malkin. “Left ventricular geometry immediately following defibrillation: shock-induced relaxation.” American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology 284, no. 3 (March 2003): H815–19. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00093.2002.
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  - Roberts, Scott J., Dongxu Guan, and Robert Malkin. “The defibrillation efficacy of high frequency alternating current sinusoidal waveforms in guinea pigs.” Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : Pace 26, no. 2 Pt 1 (February 2003): 599–604. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00100.x.
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  - Harvey, Margaret, and Robert Malkin. “T wave alternans: a marker of myocardial instability.” Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing 18, no. 2 (January 2003): 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0889-7204.2006.01852.x.
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  - De Jongh, A. L., B. S. Sheals, D. K. Chau, B. K. Hoffmeister, and R. A. Malkin. “Left ventricular volume changes after defibrillation.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 2 (December 1, 2002): 1438.
  - Hoffmeister, B. K., B. S. Sheals, A. L. De Jongh, and R. A. Malkin. “Ventricular wall thickness and volume during hemodynamic collapse produced by AC leakage current.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 2 (December 1, 2002): 1461.
  - Hoffmeister, B. K., J. A. Sexton, B. S. Sheals, A. L. De Jongh, and R. A. Malkin. “Mechanical response of the left ventricle during AC induced hemodynamic collapse.” Computers in Cardiology 29 (December 1, 2002): 701–3.
  - Kramer, N. R., B. A. Schnitz, and R. A. Malkin. “Design of an integrated sensor for in-vivo simultaneous electrocontractile cardiac mapping.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 2 (December 1, 2002): 1724–25.
  - Malik, M., M. Gopalakrishnan, and R. A. Malkin. “Effect of 2,3 butanedione monoxime(BDM) on ventricular fibrillation.” Computers in Cardiology 29 (December 1, 2002): 733–34.
  - Patel, S., and R. A. Malkin. “The response of intact guinea pigs to AC leakage currents.” Computers in Cardiology 29 (December 1, 2002): 729–31.
  - Eason, James, Naomi M. Gades, and Robert A. Malkin. “A novel ultrasound technique to estimate right ventricular geometry during fibrillation.” Physiological Measurement 23, no. 2 (May 2002): 269–78. https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/23/2/303.
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  - Malkin, Robert A. “Large sample test of defibrillation waveform sensitivity.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 13, no. 4 (April 2002): 361–70. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00361.x.
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  - Malkin, R. A. “An unconditional exact test for small samples matched binary pairs.” Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 69–73. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1020255060.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and M. Kiani. “The engineering world health summer institute: A new educational opportunity.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 3 (January 1, 2002): 2636. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053465.
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  - Sieber, W. K., M. R. Petersen, L. T. Stayner, R. Malkin, M. J. Mendell, K. M. Wallingford, T. G. Wilcox, M. S. Crandall, and L. Reed. “HVAC characteristics and occupant health.” Ashrae Journal 44, no. 9 (January 1, 2002).
  - Malkin, R. A. “Can an RC membrane model predict the efficacy of a defibrillation waveform: An analysis of defibrillation mechanisms in 140 defibrillation waveforms.” Computers in Cardiology, December 1, 2001, 243–44.
  - Malkin, R. A., and B. K. Hoffmeister. “Mechanisms by which AC leakage currents cause complete hemodynamic collapse without inducing fibrillation.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 12, no. 10 (October 2001): 1154–61. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2001.01154.x.
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  - Vigmond, E. J., N. A. Trayanova, and R. A. Malkin. “Excitation of a cardiac muscle fiber by extracellularly applied sinusoidal current.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 12, no. 10 (October 2001): 1145–53. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2001.01145.x.
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  - Malkin, R. A., S. R. Smith, and B. K. Hoffmeister. “Defibrillation and the geometry of the heart: a novel measurement with implications for defibrillation mechanisms.” Physiological Measurement 22, no. 2 (May 2001): 309–21. https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/22/2/304.
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  - Barros, A. K., J. E. McLaughlin, N. Ohnishi, and R. A. Malkin. “Analysis of mice heart rate variability obtained through plethysmograph power spectrum.” Computers in Cardiology, January 1, 2001, 661–62. https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977742.
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  - Guan, D., C. Powell, and R. Malkin. “Defibrillation impedance: including an inductive element.” Computers in Cardiology, December 1, 2000, 549–52.
  - Malkin, R., and B. Hoffmeister. “60 Hz leakage currents cause complete hemodynamic collapse below VF threshold.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 1 (December 1, 2000): 789–90.
  - Malkin, R. A., R. R. Guinn, and T. D. Mandrell. “Water Soluble Propofol Anesthesia: An Effective and Inexpensive Alternative.” Lab Animal 29, no. 9 (October 1, 2000): 45–47.
  - Eason, J. C., and R. A. Malkin. “A simulation study evaluating the performance of high-density electrode arrays on myocardial tissue.” Ieee Transactions on Bio Medical Engineering 47, no. 7 (July 2000): 893–901. https://doi.org/10.1109/10.846683.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and B. D. Pendley. “Construction of a very high-density extracellular electrode array.” Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 279, no. 1 (July 2000): H437–42.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and B. D. Pendley. “Construction of a very high-density extracellular electrode array.” American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology 279, no. 1 (July 2000): H437–42. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.1.h437.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and B. K. Hoffmeister. “Hemodynamic collapse, geometry, and the rapidly paced upper limit of ventricular vulnerability to fibrillation by T-wave stimulation.” Journal of Electrocardiology 33, no. 3 (July 2000): 279–86. https://doi.org/10.1054/jelc.2000.7663.
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  - Eynard, J. N., and R. A. Malkin. “Open-thorax guinea pig model for defibrillation.” Laboratory Animal Science 49, no. 6 (December 1999): 628–33.
  - Malkin, R. A., and B. K. Hoffmeister. “Mechanism by which pacing rate affects the upper limit of ventricular vulnerability to fibrillation by T-wave stimulation.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 1 (December 1, 1999): 284.
  - Malkin, R. A., and B. K. Hoffmeister. “AC leakage currents cause complete hemodynamic collapse below the ventricular fibrillation threshold.” Computers in Cardiology, December 1, 1999, 351–53.
  - Malkin, R. A., J. M. Herre, L. McGowen, M. M. Tenzer, J. R. Onufer, N. J. Stamato, M. Wood, and R. C. Bernstein. “A four-shock Bayesian up-down estimator of the 80% effective defibrillation dose.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 10, no. 7 (July 1999): 973–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb01268.x.
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  - Swerdlow, C. D., W. H. Olson, M. E. O’Connor, D. M. Gallik, R. A. Malkin, and M. Laks. “Cardiovascular collapse caused by electrocardiographically silent 60-Hz intracardiac leakage current. Implications for electrical safety.” Circulation 99, no. 19 (May 1999): 2559–64. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.99.19.2559.
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  - Li, H., and R. A. Malkin. “Defibrillation and the upper limit of vulnerability to fibrillation in a transthoracic guinea pig model.” Journal of Electrocardiology 32, no. 2 (April 1999): 159–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0736(99)90094-8.
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  - Decker, J. A., R. Malkin, and M. Kiefer. “Exposures to lead-based paint dust in an inner-city high school.” American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 60, no. 2 (March 1999): 191–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/00028899908984434.
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  - Decker, J. A., R. Malkin, and M. Kiefer. “Exposures to lead-based paint dust in an inner-city high school.” American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 60, no. 2 (March 1, 1999): 191–94.
  - Malkin, R. A. “Experimental cardiac tachyarrhythmias in guinea pigs.” Journal of Electrocardiology 32 Suppl (January 1999): 84–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0736(99)90047-x.
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  - LoSicco, T., and R. A. Malkin. “Optical measurement of transmembrane potential in intact cardiac tissues using fluorescent resonance energy transfer.” Computers in Cardiology 0, no. 0 (December 1, 1998): 573–76.
  - Rowan, C. A., R. A. Malkin, and E. G. Entcheve. “The effect of critical point location and membrane kinetics on VF induction by T-wave stimulation.” Computers in Cardiology 0, no. 0 (December 1, 1998): 189–92.
  - Entcheva, E., J. Eason, I. R. Efimov, Y. Cheng, R. Malkin, and F. Claydon. “Virtual electrode effects in transvenous defibrillation-modulation by structure and interface: evidence from bidomain simulations and optical mapping.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 9, no. 9 (September 1998): 949–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.1998.tb00135.x.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and E. E. Johnson. “The effect of inducing ventricular fibrillation with 50-Hz pacing versus T wave stimulation on the ability to defibrillate.” Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : Pace 21, no. 5 (May 1998): 1093–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00155.x.
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  - Malkin, R. A., J. N. Eynard, and N. F. Pergola. “Improved guinea pig model of cardiac tachyarrhythmias.” Laboratory Animal Science 48, no. 1 (February 1998): 55–60.
  - Malkin, R., K. Martinez, V. Marinkovich, T. Wilcox, D. Wall, and R. Biagini. “The relationship between symptoms and IgG and IgE antibodies in an office environment.” Environmental Research 76, no. 2 (February 1998): 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1006/enrs.1997.3800.
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  - Malkin, R. A. “Constructing a multichannel electrocardiography system from a few standardized, high-level components.” Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine : The Quarterly Magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society 17, no. 1 (January 1998): 34–38. https://doi.org/10.1109/51.646219.
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  - Aguel, F., N. A. Trayanova, J. C. Eason, G. Siekas, M. G. Fishler, and R. A. Malkin. “Impact of endocardial lead position on transvenous defibrillation efficacy: A simulation study.” Computers in Cardiology, December 1, 1997, 85–88.
  - Eason, J., R. Malkin, and B. Gerber. “In vivo measurement of ventricular geometry during fibrillation.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 1 (December 1, 1997): 129–32.
  - Entcheva, E., J. Eason, F. Claydon, and R. Malkin. “Spatial effects from bipolar current injection in 3D myocardium: Implications for conductivity measurements.” Computers in Cardiology, December 1, 1997, 717–20.
  - Li, H., and R. A. Malkin. “Scalable and shiftable Bayesian defibrillation efficacy estimator.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 1 (December 1, 1997): 371–73.
  - Malkin, R. A., J. N. Eynard, and N. F. Pergola. “Extended cardiac tachyarrhythmias in guinea pigs.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 1 (December 1, 1997): 387–88.
  - Malkin, R. A., and H. Li. “Bayesian estimator of the minimum stimulus strength to induce ventricular fibrillation.” Computers in Cardiology, December 1, 1997, 81–83.
  - Malkin, R. A., J. E. Penzotti, S. P. Juhlin, T. C. Pilkington, and R. Plonsey. “Statistical analysis of signals from an intracavitary probe in a diseased heart.” Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 35, no. 5 (September 1997): 462–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02525524.
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  - Malkin, R. A., J. J. Souza, and R. E. Ideker. “The ventricular defibrillation and upper limit of vulnerability dose-response curves.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 8, no. 8 (August 1997): 895–903. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.1997.tb00851.x.
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  - Compos, A. T., R. A. Malkin, and R. E. Ideker. “An up-down Bayesian, defibrillation efficacy estimator.” Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : Pace 20, no. 5 Pt 1 (May 1997): 1292–1300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1997.tb06782.x.
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  - Li, H., and R. A. Malkin. “Estimating myocardial activation times by maximum likelihood estimation.” Computers in Cardiology 0, no. 0 (December 1, 1996): 729–32.
  - Malkin, R. A., and E. Entcheva. “The mechanism of the ULV dose-response curve: A model study.” Computers in Cardiology 0, no. 0 (December 1, 1996): 213–16.
  - Malkin, R., M. Kiefer, and W. Tolos. “1-Hydroxypyrene levels in coal-handling workers at a coke oven.” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 38, no. 11 (November 1996): 1141–44. https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199611000-00014.
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  - Burr, G., and R. Malkin. “Investigations into the indoor environmental quality of a school: A two-year educational experience.” Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 11, no. 6 (January 1, 1996): 513–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047322X.1996.10389365.
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  - Karl Sieber, W., L. T. Stayner, R. Malkin, M. R. Petersen, M. J. Mendell, K. M. Wallingford, M. S. Crandall, T. G. Wilcox, and L. Reed. “The national institute for occupational safety and health indoor environmental evaluation experience. Part three: Associations between environmental factors and self-reported health conditions.” Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 11, no. 12 (January 1, 1996): 1387–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047322X.1996.10389435.
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  - Malkin, R. A., T. C. Pilkington, and R. E. Ideker. “Estimating defibrillation efficacy using combined upper limit of vulnerability and defibrillation testing.” Ieee Transactions on Bio Medical Engineering 43, no. 1 (January 1996): 69–78. https://doi.org/10.1109/10.477702.
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  - Malkin, R., T. Wilcox, and W. K. Sieber. “The national institute for occupational safety and health indoor environmental evaluation experience. Part two: Symptom prevalence.” Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 11, no. 6 (January 1, 1996): 540–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047322X.1996.10389371.
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  - Malkin, R. A. “Integration of student presentations into advanced classes.” Proceedings Frontiers in Education Conference 2 (December 1, 1995): 713–15.
  - Malkin, R. A. “Matched-pairs defibrillation efficacy hypothesis test.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 17, no. 1 (December 1, 1995): 263–64.
  - Malkin, R. A., S. F. Idriss, R. G. Walker, and R. E. Ideker. “Effect of rapid pacing and T-wave scanning on the relation between the defibrillation and upper-limit-of-vulnerability dose-response curves.” Circulation 92, no. 5 (September 1, 1995): 1291–99. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.92.5.1291.
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  - Souza, J. J., R. A. Malkin, and R. E. Ideker. “Comparison of upper limit of vulnerability and defibrillation probability of success curves using a nonthoracotomy lead system.” Circulation 91, no. 4 (February 1995): 1247–52. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.91.4.1247.
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  - Malkin, R. “Occupational and environmental lead and PCB exposure at a scrap metal dealer.” Environmental Research 70, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 20–23. https://doi.org/10.1006/enrs.1995.1041.
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  - Malkin, R. A., A. T. Compos, L. J. Raymond, and R. C. Bernstein. “Bayesian up-down estimator of the 80% effective defibrillation dose.” Annual International Conference of the Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings 16, no. pt 1 (December 1, 1994): 23–24.
  - Malkin, R., and C. E. Moss. “Re: Breast cancer mortality among female electrical workers in the United States.” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 86, no. 23 (December 1994): 1801–2. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.23.1801.
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  - WALKER, R. G., S. F. IDRISS, R. A. MALKIN, and R. E. IDEKER. “RAPID PACING MOVES THE UPPER LIMIT OF VULNERABILITY HIGHER ON THE DEFIBRILLATION PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS CURVE.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, February 1, 1994, A293–A293.
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  - Juhlin, S. P., R. A. Malkin, J. E. Penzotti, T. C. Pilkington, and R. Plonsey. “Generalized electrocardiographic spherical shells model with emphasis on the paced infarcted heart.” Computers in Cardiology, December 1, 1993, 659–62.
  - Malkin, R. A., S. P. Juhlin, J. E. Penzotti, T. C. Pilkington, and R. Plonsey. “Optimum detection of myocardial infarctions with an intracavitary probe.” Computers in Cardiology, December 1, 1993, 5–8.
  - WALKER, R. G., S. F. IDRISS, R. A. MALKIN, and R. E. IDEKER. “COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE UPPER LIMIT OF VULNERABILITY.” Circulation 88, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 593–593.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and D. Alexandrou. “Acoustic Classification of Abyssopelagic Animals.” Ieee Journal of Oceanic Engineering 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1109/48.211495.
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  - Malkin, R. A., and T. C. Pilkington. “Defibrillation efficacy estimation using Bayesian estimation theory.” Proceedings Icassp, Ieee International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing 1 (January 1, 1993).
  - Malkin, R. A., D. S. Burdick, E. E. Johnson, T. C. Pilkington, D. K. Swanson, and R. E. Ideker. “Estimating the 95% effective defibrillation dose.” Ieee Trans. Biomed. Eng. (Usa) 40, no. 3 (1993): 256–65. https://doi.org/10.1109/10.216409.
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  - Malkin, R., P. Brandt-Rauf, J. Graziano, and M. Parides. “Blood lead levels in incinerator workers.” Environmental Research 59, no. 1 (October 1992): 265–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0013-9351(05)80245-2.
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  - Malkin, R. A., T. C. Pilkington, E. E. Johnson, and R. E. Ideker. “Optimum estimation of the 95 percent effective defibrillation dose.” Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology 13, no. pt 2 (December 1, 1991): 758–59.
  - Schecter, A. J., R. Malkin, O. Papke, M. Ball, and P. W. Brandt-Rauf. “Dioxin levels in blood of municipal incinerator workers.” Medical Science Research 19, no. 11 (June 24, 1991): 331–32.
  - Malkin, R. A., T. C. Pilkington, and D. S. Burdick. “Optimizing existing defibrillation thresholding techniques.” Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology, no. pt 2 (December 1, 1990): 640–41.
- Book Sections
  - Malkin, R., and B. Teninty. “Medical imaging in global public health: Donation, procurement, installation, and maintenance.” In Radiology in Global Health: Strategies, Implementation, and Applications, 77–83, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98485-8_8.
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- Conference Papers
  - Bucholz, E. K., and R. A. Malkin. “Creating a biomedical engineering summer study abroad program in Costa Rica.” In Asee Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, 2019.
  - Emmerling, D. A., R. Sridhara, and R. A. Malkin. “An open-source BMET library: Results on access and value.” In Iet Conference Publications, Vol. 2014, 2014.
  - Gimm, J. A., R. Goldberg, K. Caves, and R. Malkin. “Use of simple hands-on design challenges for practicing engineering design principles.” In Asee Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, 2011.
  - Malkin, R. “Engineering world health: Lessons learned from six years of undergraduate service-learning in the developing world.” In Asee Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, 2008.
  - Huettel, L. G., J. Forbes, L. Franzoni, R. Malkin, J. Nadeau, K. Nightingale, and G. A. Ybarra. “Transcending the traditional: Using tablet PCs to enhance engineering and computer science instruction.” In Proceedings Frontiers in Education Conference, Fie, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2007.4417869.
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  - Malkin, Robert, Thomas J. Lentz, Jennifer Topmiller, Stephen D. Hudock, and Richard W. Niemeier. “The characterization of airborne occupational safety and health hazards in selected small businesses; manufacturing wood pallets.” In Industrial Health, 44:58–63, 2006. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.44.58.
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  - Penzotti, J. E., R. A. Malkin, and T. C. Pilkington. “A new high performance designer of optimal defibrillation experiments.” In Proceedings Computers in Cardiology, Cic 1992, 487–90, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.1992.269519.
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Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
- BME 271D: Signals and Systems 2021
Advising & Mentoring
- Dr. Malkin mentors undergraduates and occasional graduate students in the development, deployment and evaluation of medical interventions in resource-poor settings
Scholarly, Clinical, & Service Activities
Outreach & Engaged Scholarship

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