Smita Kesavan Nair | Scholars@Duke

Smita Kesavan Nair
Professor in Surgery

I have 22 years of experience in the field of cancer vaccines and immunotherapy and I am an accomplished T cell immunologist. Laboratory website:
https://surgery.duke.edu/immunology-inflammation-immunotherapy-laboratory

Current projects in the Nair Laboratory:
1] Dendritic cell vaccines using tumor-antigen encoding RNA (mRNA, total tumor RNA, amplified tumor mRNA)
2] Local immune receptor modulation using mRNA that encodes for antibodies, receptor-ligands, cytokines, chemokines and toll-like receptors (current target list: CTLA4, GITR, PD1, TIM3, LAG3, OX40 and 41BB)
3] Combination therapies for cancer: cytotoxic therapy (radiation, chemo and oncolytic poliovirus therapy) with dendritic cell-based vaccines and immune checkpoint blockade
4] Adoptive T cell therapy using tumor RNA-transfected dendritic cells to expand tumor-specific T cells ex vivo
5] Adoptive T cell therapy using PSMA CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) RNA-transfected T cells
6] Direct injection of tumor antigen encoding RNA (targeting antigens to dendric cells in vivo using nanoparticles and aptamers)

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor in Surgery, Surgery, Surgical Sciences, Surgery 2016
Professor in Pathology, Pathology, Clinical Science Departments 2016
Professor in Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery 2017
Member of the Duke Cancer Institute, Duke Cancer Institute, Institutes and Centers 1993

Contact Information

Box 103035 Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
Room 1077, Msrb-2, 106 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710
smita.nair@duke.edu (919) 681-2180
Nair Lab
Nair Team

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., University of Tennessee at Knoxville 1993
Duke Appointment History
- Associate Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Surgical Sciences, Surgery 2011 - 2016
- Associate Professor in Pathology, Pathology, Clinical Science Departments 2014 - 2016
- Assistant Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Surgical Sciences, Surgery 2006 - 2011
- Assistant Research Professor of Experimental Surgery in the Department of Surgery, Surgery, Surgical Sciences, Surgery 1996 - 2006
Recognition
In the News
- SEP 20, 2017 Duke Health News
  
  Poliovirus Therapy Induces Immune Responses Against Cancer
- AUG 26, 2015 Duke Translational Medicine Institute
  
  Can a Modified Poliovirus Fight Advanced Prostate Cancer Too?
- AUG 8, 2014 Duke Research Blog
  
  Lab Develops Cheaper, Faster Cancer Vaccine
Research
Selected Grants
- Innate Antiviral Signals for Cancer Immunotherapy awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- Plasmonic nanoparticle-mediated immunotherapy to treat metastatic cancer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2023
- Oncolytic Polovirus, Immunotoxin, and Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy of Gliomas awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2022
- University Training Program in Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering awarded by National Institutes of Health 1994 - 2022
- University Training Program in Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering awarded by National Institutes of Health 1994 - 2022
- CCL3 as a Developmental Therapeutic to Enhance Brain Tumor Therapy awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2021
- Utilizing Nucleic-Acid Scavengers to Ameliorate Inflammation-driven Metastatic Progression in Breast Cancer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2021
- Translational Research in Surgical Oncology awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2021
- Regional Oncolytic Poliovirus Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer awarded by Department of Defense 2016 - 2021
- Cancer Immunotherapy Through Intratumoral Activation of Recall Responses awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2021
- Melanoma-mediated Dendritic Cell Tolerization and Immune Evasion awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2020
- Metabolic Reprogramming of Dendritic Cell-based Cancer Vaccines to Enhance Anti-Tumor Immunity awarded by Alliance for Cancer Gene Therapy 2016 - 2020
- Targeting DAMP-induced inflammation to prevent metastasis awarded by Department of Defense 2016 - 2019
- Therapeutic Targeting of B7-H3 to Reverse Prostate Cancer Treatment Resistance awarded by Department of Defense 2016 - 2019
- Therapeutic targeting of B7-H3 to reverse prostate cancer treatment resistance. awarded by Department of Defense 2016 - 2019
- 3D Biology Signatures defined by Nanostring Max System 2018 - 2019
- Brain Tumor Targeting Using Tumor-Specific Neuroimmunology awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2018
- A clinically-relevant anti-CD27 agonist antibody as a vaccine adjuvant for brain tumor immunotherapy awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2017
- Novel Immune Modulating Cellular Vaccine for Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy awarded by Department of Defense 2013 - 2017
- Enhancing dendritic cell migration to drive potent anti-tumor immune responses awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2017
- Using Aptamer Coated Nanoparticles Encapsulating Prostate Tumor Antigen Encoding mRNA to Target Dendritic Cells In Vivo awarded by Department of Defense 2012 - 2015
- RNA aptamers as cell surface receptor agonists and siRNA delivery agents awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2014
- Cancer Immunotherapy w/In-Situ Maturated Dendritic cells awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2007
- Cancer Immunotherapy Targeting Endothelial Antigens awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2006
- Tumor RNA Transfected Dendritic Cell Vaccines awarded by National Institutes of Health 2000 - 2005
- Immunotherapy With Peptide Pulsed Dendritic Cells awarded by National Institutes of Health 1996 - 1999
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Chandramohan, Vidyalakshmi, Xuhui Bao, Xin Yu, Scott Parker, Charlotte McDowall, Yen-Rei Yu, Patrick Healy, et al. “Improved efficacy against malignant brain tumors with EGFRwt/EGFRvIII targeting immunotoxin and checkpoint inhibitor combinations..” J Immunother Cancer 7, no. 1 (May 29, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0614-0.
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  - Zhang, Xiaojie, Kathleen A. Ashcraft, Allison Betof Warner, Smita K. Nair, and Mark W. Dewhirst. “Can Exercise-Induced Modulation of the Tumor Physiologic Microenvironment Improve Antitumor Immunity?.” Cancer Res 79, no. 10 (May 15, 2019): 2447–56. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-2468.
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  - Holl, E. K., J. C. Routh, A. W. Johnston, V. Frazier, H. E. Rice, E. T. Tracy, and S. K. Nair. “Immune expression in children with Wilms tumor: a pilot study..” J Pediatr Urol, March 20, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.03.011.
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  - Force, Jeremy, Lynn J. Howie, Sara E. Abbott, Rex Bentley, P Kelly Marcom, Gretchen Kimmick, Kelly Westbrook, et al. “Early Stage HER2-Positive Breast Cancers Not Achieving a pCR From Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab- or Pertuzumab-Based Regimens Have an Immunosuppressive Phenotype..” Clin Breast Cancer 18, no. 5 (October 2018): 410–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clbc.2018.02.010.
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  - Desjardins, Annick, Matthias Gromeier, James E. Herndon, Nike Beaubier, Dani P. Bolognesi, Allan H. Friedman, Henry S. Friedman, et al. “Recurrent Glioblastoma Treated with Recombinant Poliovirus..” N Engl J Med 379, no. 2 (July 12, 2018): 150–61. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1716435.
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  - Gromeier, Matthias, and Smita K. Nair. “Recombinant Poliovirus for Cancer Immunotherapy..” Annu Rev Med 69 (January 29, 2018): 289–99. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-050715-104655.
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  - Zhao, Fei, Christine Xiao, Kathy S. Evans, Tbalamayooran Theivanthiran, Nicholas DeVito, Alisha Holtzhausen, Juan Liu, et al. “Paracrine Wnt5a-β-Catenin Signaling Triggers a Metabolic Program that Drives Dendritic Cell Tolerization..” Immunity 48, no. 1 (January 16, 2018): 147-160.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2017.12.004.
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  - Mastria, Eric M., Leon Y. Cai, Matthew J. Kan, Xinghai Li, Jeffrey L. Schaal, Steven Fiering, Michael D. Gunn, Mark W. Dewhirst, Smita K. Nair, and Ashutosh Chilkoti. “Nanoparticle formulation improves doxorubicin efficacy by enhancing host antitumor immunity..” J Control Release 269 (January 10, 2018): 364–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.021.
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  - Reap, Elizabeth A., Carter M. Suryadevara, Kristen A. Batich, Luis Sanchez-Perez, Gary E. Archer, Robert J. Schmittling, Pamela K. Norberg, et al. “Dendritic Cells Enhance Polyfunctionality of Adoptively Transferred T Cells That Target Cytomegalovirus in Glioblastoma..” Cancer Res 78, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 256–64. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-0469.
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  - Brown, Michael C., Eda K. Holl, David Boczkowski, Elena Dobrikova, Mubeen Mosaheb, Vidya Chandramohan, Darell D. Bigner, Matthias Gromeier, and Smita K. Nair. “Cancer immunotherapy with recombinant poliovirus induces IFN-dominant activation of dendritic cells and tumor antigen-specific CTLs..” Sci Transl Med 9, no. 408 (September 20, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aan4220.
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  - Batich, Kristen A., Elizabeth A. Reap, Gary E. Archer, Luis Sanchez-Perez, Smita K. Nair, Robert J. Schmittling, Pam Norberg, et al. “Long-term Survival in Glioblastoma with Cytomegalovirus pp65-Targeted Vaccination..” Clin Cancer Res 23, no. 8 (April 15, 2017): 1898–1909. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-2057.
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  - Holl, Eda K., Michael C. Brown, David Boczkowski, Megan A. McNamara, Daniel J. George, Darell D. Bigner, Matthias Gromeier, and Smita K. Nair. “Recombinant oncolytic poliovirus, PVSRIPO, has potent cytotoxic and innate inflammatory effects, mediating therapy in human breast and prostate cancer xenograft models..” Oncotarget 7, no. 48 (November 29, 2016): 79828–41. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.12975.
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  - Boczkowski, David, and Smita K. Nair. “The RNAissance period..” Discov Med 22, no. 119 (August 2016): 67–72.
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  - Sullenger, Bruce A., and Smita Nair. “From the RNA world to the clinic..” Science 352, no. 6292 (June 17, 2016): 1417–20. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad8709.
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  - Brown, Michael C., Eda K. Holl, David Boczkowski, Darell D. Bigner, Matthias Gromeier, and Smita K. Nair. “Abstract A157: Oncolytic poliovirus mediated immune events.” Other Topics, January 2016. https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.cricimteatiaacr15-a157.
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  - Dannull, Jens, and Smita K. Nair. “Transfecting Human Monocytes with RNA..” Methods Mol Biol 1428 (2016): 177–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3625-0_12.
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  - Kreiter, Sebastian, Mustafa Diken, Steve Pascolo, Smita K. Nair, Kris M. Thielemans, and Andrew Geall. “RNA Vaccination Therapy: Advances in an Emerging Field..” J Immunol Res 2016 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9703914.
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  - Pratico, Elizabeth D., Bryan J. Feger, Michael J. Watson, Bruce A. Sullenger, Dawn E. Bowles, Carmelo A. Milano, and Smita K. Nair. “RNA-Mediated Reprogramming of Primary Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts into c-kit(+) Cardiac Progenitor Cells..” Stem Cells Dev 24, no. 22 (November 15, 2015): 2622–33. https://doi.org/10.1089/scd.2015.0073.
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  - Nair, Smita K., Timothy Driscoll, David Boczkowski, Robert Schmittling, Renee Reynolds, Laura A. Johnson, Gerald Grant, et al. “Ex vivo generation of dendritic cells from cryopreserved, post-induction chemotherapy, mobilized leukapheresis from pediatric patients with medulloblastoma..” J Neurooncol 125, no. 1 (October 2015): 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-015-1890-2.
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  - Phua, Kyle K. L., Herman F. Staats, Smita K. Nair, and Kam W. Leong. “Intranasal mRNA nanoparticle vaccination induces prophylactic and therapeutic anti-tumor immunity..” J Control Release 213 (September 10, 2015): e66–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.05.110.
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  - Mitchell, Duane A., Kristen A. Batich, Michael D. Gunn, Min-Nung Huang, Luis Sanchez-Perez, Smita K. Nair, Kendra L. Congdon, et al. “Tetanus toxoid and CCL3 improve dendritic cell vaccines in mice and glioblastoma patients..” Nature 519, no. 7543 (March 19, 2015): 366–69. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14320.
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  - Dannull, Jens, Chunrui Tan, Christine Farrell, Cynthia Wang, Scott Pruitt, Smita K. Nair, and Walter T. Lee. “Gene Expression Profile of Dendritic Cell-Tumor Cell Hybrids Determined by Microarrays and Its Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy..” J Immunol Res 2015 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/789136.
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  - McNamara, Megan A., Smita K. Nair, and Eda K. Holl. “RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy..” J Immunol Res 2015 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/794528.
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  - Brown, Michael C., Elena Y. Dobrikova, Mikhail I. Dobrikov, Ross W. Walton, Sarah L. Gemberling, Smita K. Nair, Annick Desjardins, et al. “Oncolytic polio virotherapy of cancer..” Cancer 120, no. 21 (November 1, 2014): 3277–86. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.28862.
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  - Phua, Kyle K. L., Smita K. Nair, and Kam W. Leong. “Messenger RNA (mRNA) nanoparticle tumour vaccination..” Nanoscale 6, no. 14 (July 21, 2014): 7715–29. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4nr01346h.
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  - Phua, Kyle K. L., Herman F. Staats, Kam W. Leong, and Smita K. Nair. “Intranasal mRNA nanoparticle vaccination induces prophylactic and therapeutic anti-tumor immunity..” Sci Rep 4 (June 4, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05128.
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  - Phua, Kyle K. L., David Boczkowski, Jens Dannull, Scott Pruitt, Kam W. Leong, and Smita K. Nair. “Whole blood cells loaded with messenger RNA as an anti-tumor vaccine..” Adv Healthc Mater 3, no. 6 (June 2014): 837–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201300512.
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  - Nair, Smita K., Gabriel De Leon, David Boczkowski, Robert Schmittling, Weihua Xie, Janet Staats, Rebecca Liu, et al. “Recognition and killing of autologous, primary glioblastoma tumor cells by human cytomegalovirus pp65-specific cytotoxic T cells..” Clin Cancer Res 20, no. 10 (May 15, 2014): 2684–94. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-3268.
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  - Nair, Smita K., Georgia D. Tomaras, Ana Paula Sales, David Boczkowski, Cliburn Chan, Kelly Plonk, Yongting Cai, et al. “High-throughput identification and dendritic cell-based functional validation of MHC class I-restricted Mycobacterium tuberculosis epitopes..” Sci Rep 4 (April 23, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04632.
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  - Sampson, John H., Bryan D. Choi, Luis Sanchez-Perez, Carter M. Suryadevara, David J. Snyder, Catherine T. Flores, Robert J. Schmittling, et al. “EGFRvIII mCAR-modified T-cell therapy cures mice with established intracerebral glioma and generates host immunity against tumor-antigen loss..” Clin Cancer Res 20, no. 4 (February 15, 2014): 972–84. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-0709.
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  - Nair, Smita K., John H. Sampson, and Duane A. Mitchell. “Immunological targeting of cytomegalovirus for glioblastoma therapy..” Oncoimmunology 3 (2014). https://doi.org/10.4161/onci.29289.
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  - Tan, Chunrui, Jens Dannull, Smita K. Nair, Enyu Ding, Douglas S. Tyler, Scott K. Pruitt, and Walter T. Lee. “Local secretion of IL-12 augments the therapeutic impact of dendritic cell-tumor cell fusion vaccination..” J Surg Res 185, no. 2 (December 2013): 904–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2013.06.045.
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  - Dannull, Jens, N Rebecca Haley, Gary Archer, Smita Nair, David Boczkowski, Mark Harper, Nicole De Rosa, et al. “Melanoma immunotherapy using mature DCs expressing the constitutive proteasome..” J Clin Invest 123, no. 7 (July 2013): 3135–45. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI67544.
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  - Tan, Chunrui, Varun Reddy, Jens Dannull, Enyu Ding, Smita K. Nair, Douglas S. Tyler, Scott K. Pruitt, and Walter T. Lee. “Impact of anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody on dendritic cell-tumor fusion vaccine efficacy in a murine melanoma model..” J Transl Med 11 (June 17, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-11-148.
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  - Phua, Kyle K. L., Kam W. Leong, and Smita K. Nair. “Transfection efficiency and transgene expression kinetics of mRNA delivered in naked and nanoparticle format..” J Control Release 166, no. 3 (March 28, 2013): 227–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.12.029.
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  - Pratico, Elizabeth D., Bruce A. Sullenger, and Smita K. Nair. “Identification and characterization of an agonistic aptamer against the T cell costimulatory receptor, OX40..” Nucleic Acid Ther 23, no. 1 (February 2013): 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1089/nat.2012.0388.
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  - Lee, Jaewoo, David Boczkowski, and Smita Nair. “Programming human dendritic cells with mRNA..” Methods Mol Biol 969 (2013): 111–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-260-5_8.
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  - Lee, Jaewoo, David Boczkowski, and Smita Nair. “Engineering B cells with mRNA..” Methods Mol Biol 969 (2013): 101–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-260-5_7.
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  - Nair, Smita, Amy J. Aldrich, Eoin McDonnell, Qing Cheng, Anshu Aggarwal, Pujan Patel, Monique M. Williams, et al. “Immunologic targeting of FOXP3 in inflammatory breast cancer cells..” Plos One 8, no. 1 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053150.
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  - Nair, Smita, Gerald E. Archer, and Thomas F. Tedder. “Isolation and generation of human dendritic cells..” Curr Protoc Immunol Chapter 7 (November 2012). https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142735.im0732s99.
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  - Sampson, John H., Robert J. Schmittling, Gary E. Archer, Kendra L. Congdon, Smita K. Nair, Elizabeth A. Reap, Annick Desjardins, et al. “A pilot study of IL-2Rα blockade during lymphopenia depletes regulatory T-cells and correlates with enhanced immunity in patients with glioblastoma..” Plos One 7, no. 2 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031046.
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  - Pruitt, Scott K., David Boczkowski, Nicole de Rosa, N Rebecca Haley, Michael A. Morse, Douglas S. Tyler, Jens Dannull, and Smita Nair. “Enhancement of anti-tumor immunity through local modulation of CTLA-4 and GITR by dendritic cells..” Eur J Immunol 41, no. 12 (December 2011): 3553–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201141383.
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  - Boczkowski, David, and Smita Nair. “RNA as performance-enhancers for dendritic cells..” Expert Opin Biol Ther 10, no. 4 (April 2010): 563–74. https://doi.org/10.1517/14712591003614749.
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  - Boczkowski, D., J. Lee, S. Pruitt, and S. Nair. “Dendritic cells engineered to secrete anti-GITR antibodies are effective adjuvants to dendritic cell-based immunotherapy..” Cancer Gene Ther 16, no. 12 (December 2009): 900–911. https://doi.org/10.1038/cgt.2009.39.
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  - Lee, Jaewoo, Claudia M. Dollins, David Boczkowski, Bruce A. Sullenger, and Smita Nair. “Activated B cells modified by electroporation of multiple mRNAs encoding immune stimulatory molecules are comparable to mature dendritic cells in inducing in vitro antigen-specific T-cell responses..” Immunology 125, no. 2 (October 2008): 229–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2567.2008.02833.x.
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  - Dollins, Claudia M., Smita Nair, David Boczkowski, Jaewoo Lee, Juliana M. Layzer, Eli Gilboa, and Bruce A. Sullenger. “Assembling OX40 aptamers on a molecular scaffold to create a receptor-activating aptamer..” Chem Biol 15, no. 7 (July 21, 2008): 675–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2008.05.016.
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  - Dollins, Claudia M., Smita Nair, and Bruce A. Sullenger. “Aptamers in immunotherapy..” Hum Gene Ther 19, no. 5 (May 2008): 443–50. https://doi.org/10.1089/hum.2008.045.
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  - Nair, Smita, David Boczkowski, Martin Fassnacht, David Pisetsky, and Eli Gilboa. “Vaccination against the forkhead family transcription factor Foxp3 enhances tumor immunity..” Cancer Res 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 371–80. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-2903.
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  - Fecci, Peter E., Alison E. Sweeney, Peter M. Grossi, Smita K. Nair, Christopher A. Learn, Duane A. Mitchell, Xiuyu Cui, et al. “Systemic anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody administration safely enhances immunity in murine glioma without eliminating regulatory T cells..” Clin Cancer Res 12, no. 14 Pt 1 (July 15, 2006): 4294–4305. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0053.
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  - Hess, Paul R., David Boczkowski, Smita K. Nair, David Snyder, and Eli Gilboa. “Vaccination with mRNAs encoding tumor-associated antigens and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor efficiently primes CTL responses, but is insufficient to overcome tolerance to a model tumor/self antigen..” Cancer Immunol Immunother 55, no. 6 (June 2006): 672–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-005-0064-z.
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  - Lee, Jaewoo, Martin Fassnacht, Smita Nair, David Boczkowski, and Eli Gilboa. “Tumor immunotherapy targeting fibroblast activation protein, a product expressed in tumor-associated fibroblasts..” Cancer Res 65, no. 23 (December 1, 2005): 11156–63. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2805.
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  - Fassnacht, Martin, Jaewoo Lee, Caterina Milazzo, David Boczkowski, Zhen Su, Smita Nair, and Eli Gilboa. “Induction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses to the human stromal antigen, fibroblast activation protein: implication for cancer immunotherapy..” Clin Cancer Res 11, no. 15 (August 1, 2005): 5566–71. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-0699.
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  - Dannull, Jens, Smita Nair, Zhen Su, David Boczkowski, Christian DeBeck, Benjamin Yang, Eli Gilboa, and Johannes Vieweg. “Enhancing the immunostimulatory function of dendritic cells by transfection with mRNA encoding OX40 ligand..” Blood 105, no. 8 (April 15, 2005): 3206–13. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-10-3944.
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  - Cisco, Robin M., Zeinab Abdel-Wahab, Jens Dannull, Smita Nair, Douglas S. Tyler, Eli Gilboa, Johannes Vieweg, Yehia Daaka, and Scott K. Pruitt. “Induction of human dendritic cell maturation using transfection with RNA encoding a dominant positive toll-like receptor 4..” J Immunol 172, no. 11 (June 1, 2004): 7162–68. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.172.11.7162.
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  - Liao, Xinsheng, Yongqing Li, Chiara Bonini, Smita Nair, Eli Gilboa, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee. “Transfection of RNA encoding tumor antigens following maturation of dendritic cells leads to prolonged presentation of antigen and the generation of high-affinity tumor-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes..” Mol Ther 9, no. 5 (May 2004): 757–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.02.011.
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  - Nair, Smita, Catherine McLaughlin, Alon Weizer, Zhen Su, David Boczkowski, Jens Dannull, Johannes Vieweg, and Eli Gilboa. “Injection of immature dendritic cells into adjuvant-treated skin obviates the need for ex vivo maturation..” J Immunol 171, no. 11 (December 1, 2003): 6275–82. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.171.11.6275.
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  - Zhao, Yangbing, David Boczkowski, Smita K. Nair, and Eli Gilboa. “Inhibition of invariant chain expression in dendritic cells presenting endogenous antigens stimulates CD4+ T-cell responses and tumor immunity..” Blood 102, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 4137–42. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2003-06-1867.
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  - Santulli-Marotto, Sandra, Smita K. Nair, Chris Rusconi, Bruce Sullenger, and Eli Gilboa. “Multivalent RNA aptamers that inhibit CTLA-4 and enhance tumor immunity..” Cancer Res 63, no. 21 (November 1, 2003): 7483–89.
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  - Nair, Smita, David Boczkowski, Benjamin Moeller, Mark Dewhirst, Johannes Vieweg, and Eli Gilboa. “Synergy between tumor immunotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy..” Blood 102, no. 3 (August 1, 2003): 964–71. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-12-3738.
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  - Morse, Michael A., Smita K. Nair, Paul J. Mosca, Amy C. Hobeika, Timothy M. Clay, Yuping Deng, David Boczkowski, et al. “Immunotherapy with autologous, human dendritic cells transfected with carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA..” Cancer Invest 21, no. 3 (June 2003): 341–49.
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  - Nair, Smita, and David Boczkowski. “RNA-transfected dendritic cells..” Expert Rev Vaccines 1, no. 4 (December 2002): 507–13.
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  - Nair, Smita K., Michael Morse, David Boczkowski, R Ian Cumming, Ljiljana Vasovic, Eli Gilboa, and H Kim Lyerly. “Induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in cancer patients by autologous tumor RNA-transfected dendritic cells..” Ann Surg 235, no. 4 (April 2002): 540–49. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-200204000-00013.
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  - Faiola, Brenda, Carolyn Doyle, Eli Gilboa, and Smita Nair. “Influence of CD4 T cells and the source of major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted peptides on cytotoxic T-cell priming by dendritic cells..” Immunology 105, no. 1 (January 2002): 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0019-2805.2001.01343.x.
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  - Morse, Michael A., Smita K. Nair, David Boczkowski, Douglas Tyler, Herbert I. Hurwitz, Alan Proia, Timothy M. Clay, Jeffrey Schlom, Eli Gilboa, and H Kim Lyerly. “The feasibility and safety of immunotherapy with dendritic cells loaded with CEA mRNA following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and resection of pancreatic cancer..” Int J Gastrointest Cancer 32, no. 1 (2002): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1385/IJGC:32:1:1.
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  - Heiser, A., M. A. Maurice, D. R. Yancey, N. Z. Wu, P. Dahm, S. K. Pruitt, D. Boczkowski, et al. “Induction of polyclonal prostate cancer-specific CTL using dendritic cells transfected with amplified tumor RNA..” J Immunol 166, no. 5 (March 1, 2001): 2953–60. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.166.5.2953.
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  - Morse, M. A., S. Nair, M. Fernandez-Casal, Y. Deng, M. St Peter, R. Williams, A. Hobeika, et al. “Preoperative mobilization of circulating dendritic cells by Flt3 ligand administration to patients with metastatic colon cancer..” J Clin Oncol 18, no. 23 (December 1, 2000): 3883–93. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2000.18.23.3883.
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  - Mosca, P. J., A. C. Hobeika, T. M. Clay, S. K. Nair, E. K. Thomas, M. A. Morse, and H. K. Lyerly. “A subset of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells expresses high levels of interleukin-12 in response to combined CD40 ligand and interferon-gamma treatment..” Blood 96, no. 10 (November 15, 2000): 3499–3504.
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  - Mitchell, D. A., and S. K. Nair. “RNA-transfected dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy..” J Clin Invest 106, no. 9 (November 2000): 1065–69. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI11405.
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  - Nair, S. K., A. Heiser, D. Boczkowski, A. Majumdar, M. Naoe, J. S. Lebkowski, J. Vieweg, and E. Gilboa. “Induction of cytotoxic T cell responses and tumor immunity against unrelated tumors using telomerase reverse transcriptase RNA transfected dendritic cells..” Nat Med 6, no. 9 (September 2000): 1011–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/79519.
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  - Kodaira, Y., S. K. Nair, L. E. Wrenshall, E. Gilboa, and J. L. Platt. “Phenotypic and functional maturation of dendritic cells mediated by heparan sulfate..” J Immunol 165, no. 3 (August 1, 2000): 1599–1604. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.165.3.1599.
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  - Kumaraguru, U., R. J. Rouse, S. K. Nair, B. D. Bruce, and B. T. Rouse. “Involvement of an ATP-dependent peptide chaperone in cross-presentation after DNA immunization..” J Immunol 165, no. 2 (July 15, 2000): 750–59. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.165.2.750.
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  - Larchian, W. A., Y. Horiguchi, S. K. Nair, W. R. Fair, W. D. Heston, and E. Gilboa. “Effectiveness of combined interleukin 2 and B7.1 vaccination strategy is dependent on the sequence and order: a liposome-mediated gene therapy treatment for bladder cancer..” Clin Cancer Res 6, no. 7 (July 2000): 2913–20.
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  - Thornburg, C., D. Boczkowski, E. Gilboa, and S. K. Nair. “Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with dendritic cells transfected with human papillomavirus E6 and E7 RNA: implications for cervical cancer immunotherapy..” J Immunother 23, no. 4 (July 2000): 412–18.
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  - Heiser, A., P. Dahm, D. R. Yancey, M. A. Maurice, D. Boczkowski, S. K. Nair, E. Gilboa, and J. Vieweg. “Human dendritic cells transfected with RNA encoding prostate-specific antigen stimulate prostate-specific CTL responses in vitro..” J Immunol 164, no. 10 (May 15, 2000): 5508–14. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.164.10.5508.
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  - Mitchell, D. A., and S. K. Nair. “RNA transfected dendritic cells as cancer vaccines..” Curr Opin Mol Ther 2, no. 2 (April 2000): 176–81.
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  - Boczkowski, D., S. K. Nair, J. H. Nam, H. K. Lyerly, and E. Gilboa. “Induction of tumor immunity and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses using dendritic cells transfected with messenger RNA amplified from tumor cells..” Cancer Res 60, no. 4 (February 15, 2000): 1028–34.
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  - Nair, S. K., S. Hull, D. Coleman, E. Gilboa, H. K. Lyerly, and M. A. Morse. “Induction of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in vitro using autologous dendritic cells loaded with CEA peptide or CEA RNA in patients with metastatic malignancies expressing CEA..” Int J Cancer 82, no. 1 (July 2, 1999): 121–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990702)82:1<121::aid-ijc20>3.0.co;2-x.
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  - Morse, M. A., Y. Deng, D. Coleman, S. Hull, E. Kitrell-Fisher, S. Nair, J. Schlom, M. E. Ryback, and H. K. Lyerly. “A Phase I study of active immunotherapy with carcinoembryonic antigen peptide (CAP-1)-pulsed, autologous human cultured dendritic cells in patients with metastatic malignancies expressing carcinoembryonic antigen..” Clin Cancer Res 5, no. 6 (June 1999): 1331–38.
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  - Nair, S., P. A. Wearsch, D. A. Mitchell, J. J. Wassenberg, E. Gilboa, and C. V. Nicchitta. “Calreticulin displays in vivo peptide-binding activity and can elicit CTL responses against bound peptides..” J Immunol 162, no. 11 (June 1, 1999): 6426–32.
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  - Nair, S. K. “Immunotherapy of cancer with dendritic cell-based vaccines..” Gene Ther 5, no. 11 (November 1998): 1445–46. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.gt.3300790.
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  - Morse, M. A., H. K. Lyerly, E. Gilboa, E. Thomas, and S. K. Nair. “Optimization of the sequence of antigen loading and CD40-ligand-induced maturation of dendritic cells..” Cancer Res 58, no. 14 (July 15, 1998): 2965–68.
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  - Mitchell, D. A., S. K. Nair, and E. Gilboa. “Dendritic cell/macrophage precursors capture exogenous antigen for MHC class I presentation by dendritic cells..” Eur J Immunol 28, no. 6 (June 1998): 1923–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199806)28:06<1923::AID-IMMU1923>3.0.CO;2-9.
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  - Gilboa, E., S. K. Nair, and H. K. Lyerly. “Immunotherapy of cancer with dendritic-cell-based vaccines..” Cancer Immunol Immunother 46, no. 2 (April 1998): 82–87.
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  - Nair, S. K., D. Boczkowski, M. Morse, R. I. Cumming, H. K. Lyerly, and E. Gilboa. “Induction of primary carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro using human dendritic cells transfected with RNA..” Nat Biotechnol 16, no. 4 (April 1998): 364–69. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0498-364.
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  - Rouse, B. T., S. Nair, R. J. Rouse, Z. Yu, N. Kuklin, K. Karem, and E. Manickan. “DNA vaccines and immunity to herpes simplex virus..” Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 226 (1998): 69–78.
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  - Wong, C., M. Morse, and S. K. Nair. “Induction of primary, human antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro using dendritic cells pulsed with peptides..” J Immunother 21, no. 1 (January 1998): 32–40.
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  - Ashley, D. M., B. Faiola, S. Nair, L. P. Hale, D. D. Bigner, and E. Gilboa. “Bone marrow-generated dendritic cells pulsed with tumor extracts or tumor RNA induce antitumor immunity against central nervous system tumors..” J Exp Med 186, no. 7 (October 6, 1997): 1177–82. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.186.7.1177.
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  - Nair, S. K., D. Snyder, B. T. Rouse, and E. Gilboa. “Regression of tumors in mice vaccinated with professional antigen-presenting cells pulsed with tumor extracts..” Int J Cancer 70, no. 6 (March 17, 1997): 706–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19970317)70:6<706::aid-ijc13>3.0.co;2-7.
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  - Nair, S. K., D. Boczkowski, D. Snyder, and E. Gilboa. “Antigen-presenting cells pulsed with unfractionated tumor-derived peptides are potent tumor vaccines..” Eur J Immunol 27, no. 3 (March 1997): 589–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.1830270304.
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  - Boczkowski, D., S. K. Nair, D. Snyder, and E. Gilboa. “Dendritic cells pulsed with RNA are potent antigen-presenting cells in vitro and in vivo..” J Exp Med 184, no. 2 (August 1, 1996): 465–72. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.184.2.465.
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  - Nair, S. K., D. Snyder, and E. Gilboa. “Cells treated with TAP-2 antisense oligonucleotides are potent antigen-presenting cells in vitro and in vivo..” J Immunol 156, no. 5 (March 1, 1996): 1772–80.
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  - Babu, J. S., S. Nair, P. Kanda, and B. T. Rouse. “Priming for virus-specific CD8+ but not CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes with synthetic lipopeptide is influenced by acylation units and liposome encapsulation..” Vaccine 13, no. 17 (December 1995): 1669–76.
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  - Nair, S., A. M. Buiting, R. J. Rouse, N. Van Rooijen, L. Huang, and B. T. Rouse. “Role of macrophages and dendritic cells in primary cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses..” Int Immunol 7, no. 4 (April 1995): 679–88. https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/7.4.679.
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  - Kanangat, S., S. Nair, J. S. Babu, and B. T. Rouse. “Expression of cytokine mRNA in murine splenic dendritic cells and better induction of T cell-derived cytokines by dendritic cells than by macrophages during in vitro costimulation assay using specific antigens..” J Leukoc Biol 57, no. 2 (February 1995): 310–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/jlb.57.2.310.
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  - Rouse, R. J., S. K. Nair, S. L. Lydy, J. C. Bowen, and B. T. Rouse. “Induction in vitro of primary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses with DNA encoding herpes simplex virus proteins..” J Virol 68, no. 9 (September 1994): 5685–89.
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  - Banks, T. A., F. J. Jenkins, S. Kanangat, S. Nair, S. Dasgupta, C. M. Foster, and B. T. Rouse. “Vaccination with the immediate-early protein ICP47 of herpes simplex virus-type 1 (HSV-1) induces virus-specific lymphoproliferation, but fails to protect against lethal challenge..” Virology 200, no. 1 (April 1994): 236–45. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1994.1181.
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  - Bowen, J. C., S. K. Nair, R. Reddy, and B. T. Rouse. “Cholera toxin acts as a potent adjuvant for the induction of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses with non-replicating antigens..” Immunology 81, no. 3 (March 1994): 338–42.
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  - Nair, S., J. S. Babu, R. G. Dunham, P. Kanda, R. L. Burke, and B. T. Rouse. “Induction of primary, antiviral cytotoxic, and proliferative responses with antigens administered via dendritic cells..” J Virol 67, no. 7 (July 1993): 4062–69.
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  - Banks, T. A., S. Nair, and B. T. Rouse. “Recognition by and in vitro induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes against predicted epitopes of the immediate-early protein ICP27 of herpes simplex virus..” J Virol 67, no. 1 (January 1993): 613–16.
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  - Nair, S., X. Zhou, L. Huang, and B. T. Rouse. “Class I restricted CTL recognition of a soluble protein delivered by liposomes containing lipophilic polylysines..” J Immunol Methods 152, no. 2 (August 10, 1992): 237–43.
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  - Reddy, R., S. Nair, K. Brynestad, and B. T. Rouse. “Liposomes as antigen delivery systems in viral immunity..” Semin Immunol 4, no. 2 (April 1992): 91–96.
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  - Reddy, R., F. Zhou, S. Nair, L. Huang, and B. T. Rouse. “In vivo cytotoxic T lymphocyte induction with soluble proteins administered in liposomes..” J Immunol 148, no. 5 (March 1, 1992): 1585–89.
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  - Huang, L., R. Reddy, S. K. Nair, F. Zhou, and B. T. Rouse. “Liposomal delivery of soluble protein antigens for class I MHC-mediated antigen presentation..” Res Immunol 143, no. 2 (February 1992): 192–96.
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  - Nair, S., F. Zhou, R. Reddy, L. Huang, and B. T. Rouse. “Soluble proteins delivered to dendritic cells via pH-sensitive liposomes induce primary cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in vitro..” J Exp Med 175, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 609–12. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.175.2.609.
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- Other Articles
  - Faiola, B., C. Doyle, E. Gilboa, and S. Nair. “Erratum: Influence of CD4 T cells and the source of major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted peptides on cytotoxic T-cell priming by dendritic cells (Immunology (2002) 105 (47-55)).” Immunology, May 6, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01439.x.
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  - Mitchell, D. A., S. K. Nair, and E. Gilboa. “Correction: Dendritic cell/macrophage precursors capture exogenous antigen for MHC class I presentation by dendritic cells (European Journal of Immunology (1998) 28, 6 (1923-1933)).” European Journal of Immunology, January 1, 1998.
- Conference Papers
  - Brown, Michael C., Eda K. Holl, David Boczkowski, Elena Dobrikova, Mubeen Mosaheb, Vidya Chandramohan, Darell D. Bigner, Matthias Gromeier, and Smita K. Nair. “Abstract A79: Cancer immunotherapy with recombinant poliovirus induces IFN-dominant activation of antigen-presenting cells and tumor antigen-specific CTLs.” In Other Topics. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm17-a79.
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  - Holl, Eda K., Victoria Frazier, David Boczkowski, Bruce Sullenger, and Smita K. Nair. “Targeting inflammation to prevent breast cancer metastasis.” In Journal of Immunology, Vol. 200. AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS, 2018.
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  - Bao, Xuhui, Stephen T. Keir, Smita K. Nair, Ira Pastan, Darell D. Bigner, and Vidyalakshmi Chandramohan. “A combinatorial immunotherapy for malignant brain tumors: D2C7 immunotoxin and immune checkpoint inhibitors..” In Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol. 35. AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2017.
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  - Force, Jeremy Meyer, Lynn Jackson Howie, Sara Abbott, Rex C. Bentley, Paul K. Marcom, Gretchen Genevieve Kimmick, Kelly E. Westbrook, et al. “Increased FoxP3 and PD-L1 in non-pCR tissue from early stage HER2 positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab-pertuzumab based regimens..” In Journal of Clinical Oncology, 34:602–602. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), 2016. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.602.
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  - Pratico, Elizabeth D., Smita K. Nair, and Bruce A. Sullenger. “66. Identification and Characterization of a B Cell Aptamer That Targets Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML).” In Molecular Therapy, 23:S29–S29. Elsevier BV, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33671-1.
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  - Sampson, J., D. A. Mitchell, K. A. Batich, D. Snyder, W. Xie, E. Reap, X. Cui, et al. “RANDOMIZATION OF PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA TO VACCINE SITE PRE-CONDITIONING WITH TETANUS-DIPHTHERIA TOXOID SYSTEMICALLY ENHANCES MIGRATION AND THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS PP65-PULSED DENDRITIC CELL VACCINE IN A MIP-1α-DEPENDENT FASHION..” In Neuro Oncol, 16 Suppl 3:iii39–40, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nou208.63.
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  - Johnson, Laura A., Gary E. Archer, Smita K. Nair, Robert Schmittling, Elizabeth Reap, and John H. Sampson. “CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-SPECIFIC IMMUNE DEFICITS IN PATIENTS WITH GBM.” In Neuro Oncology, 13:39–39. OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, 2011.
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  - Gilboa, E., S. Santulli-Marotto, S. K. Nair, D. Boczkowski, and Y. B. Zhao. “A central role of RNA in developing therapeutic vaccines for cancer and infectious diseases.” In Molecular Therapy, 9:S222–S222. ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2004.
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  - Mosca, P. J., A. C. Hobeika, T. M. Clay, S. K. Nair, E. K. Thomas, D. A. Caron, H. K. Lyerly, and M. A. Morse. “Multiple signals are required for IL-12 production by Flt-3 ligand mobilized dendritic cells..” In Blood, 96:295A-295A. AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY, 2000.
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  - Gilboa, E., S. K. Nair, and D. Boczkowski. “Cancer immunotherapy with tumor RNA-transfected dendritic cells.” In Cancer Gene Therapy, 7:1203–1203. NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2000.
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  - Boczkowski, D., S. K. Nair, D. Synder, and E. Gilboa. “RNA transfected dendritic cell vaccines: Use of RNA amplified from tumor cells..” In Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 94–94. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL, 1998.
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  - Faiola, B., S. K. Nair, C. Doyle, and E. Gilboa. “Role of CD4(+) T cell help in priming in vivo CD8(+) CTL responses by dendritic cells.” In Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 37–37. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL, 1998.
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  - Gilboa, E., S. K. Nair, M. Morse, D. Boczkowski, Y. Deng, and H. K. Lyerly. “Immunotherapy of cancer with dendritic cell-based tumor vaccines.” In Annals of Oncology, 9:7–7. KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, 1998.
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  - Kodaira, Y., L. E. Wrenshall, S. Nair, E. Gilboa, and J. L. Platt. “Heparan sulfate modulate allogeneic T cell responses stimulated by dendritic cells.” In Faseb Journal, Vol. 12, 1998.
  - Mitchell, D. A., S. K. Nair, D. Snyder, and E. Gilboa. “Direct demonstration of "cross-priming": In situ transfer of tumor antigen to dendritic cells.” In Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 71–71. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL, 1998.
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  - Nair, S. K., M. Morse, D. Boczkowski, H. K. Lyerly, and E. Gilboa. “Cancer immunotherapy with tumor RNA transfected dendritic cell vaccines..” In Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 88–88. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL, 1998.
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  - Gilboa, E., S. K. Nair, D. Boczkowski, D. Mitchel, and B. Faiola. “Immunotherapy of cancer with dendritic cell-based tumor vaccines.” In Cancer Gene Therapy, 4:314–314. APPLETON & LANGE, 1997.
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