Scholars@Duke

• Background
• 

  Education, Training, & Certifications

  • Clinical Fellowship, Cardiovascular Disease, Duke University School of Medicine 2011 - 2013
  • Research Fellowship, Duke University School of Medicine 2008 - 2011
  • Resident, Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine 2006 - 2008
  • M.D., The University of Chicago 2006
  • Ph.D., The University of Chicago 2004
• 

  Medical Licensure

  • 134545. North Carolina. 2009
• 

  Duke Appointment History

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 2017 - 2019
  • Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 2013 - 2017
  • Assistant Research Professor in Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 2015 - 2017
• Research
• 

  Selected Grants

  • CXCL10/CXCR3 regulation of ozone-induced epithelial permeability awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2022
  • Right Ventricular Metabolic Dysregulation after Surgery for Heart Failure awarded by  International Anesthesia Research Society 2020 - 2022
  • Single Cell Profiling and Disease Modeling of CTEPH awarded by  American Heart Association 2019 - 2022
  • Biasing CXCR3 Signaling to Modulate the Inflammatory Response awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2022
  • Medical Scientist Training Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 1997 - 2022
  • CXCR3 in Atherosclerosis awarded by  American Heart Association 2020 - 2021
  • RVT-1201 A Phase 2a, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Study to Assess the Safety tolerability pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of RVT-1201 in Patients with PAH awarded by Altavant Sciences, Inc. 2019 - 2021
  • Analytics 4 Life PHDEV Secondary awarded by Analytics 4 Life 2020 - 2021
  • A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Inhaled Treprostinil in Subjects with Pulmonary Hypertension due to Parenchymal Lung Disease awarded by United Therapeutics Corporation 2017 - 2021
  • An Open-Label Extension study of Inhaled Treprostinil in Subjects with Pulmonary Hypertension due to Parenchymal Lung Disease awarded by United Therapeutics Corporation 2017 - 2021
  • Restrospective Study of Outcomes of Patients with WHO Groups 1 and 3 Pulmonary Hypertension Treated with High-Dose Inhaled Treprostinil awarded by United Therapeutics Corporation 2018 - 2021
  • US - Base, observational, drug registry of Opsumit (macitentan) new users in clinical practice (OPUS Registry) awarded by Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd. 2015 - 2020
  • TRACE: Selexipag ACT-293987, AC-065A404 A multicenter double-blind placebo controlled Phase 4 study in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension to assess the effect of selexipag awarded by Actelion Pharmaceutical US, Inc 2018 - 2020
  • Non-invasive Diagnosis of Pulmonary Vascular Disease Using Inhaled 129Xe MRI awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2020
  • A Pilot Study of Transitioning from Parenteral Prostacyclins to Selexipag awarded by Actelion Pharmaceutical US, Inc 2017 - 2020
  • Dissecting Receptor Signaling Pathways in Pulmonary Hypertension awarded by Burroughs Wellcome Fund 2014 - 2020
  • RADPH - Building a Repository of Phase Signals for Algorithm Development from Subjects with Pulmonary Hypertension. awarded by Analytics 4 Life 2019 - 2020
  • TDE-HF-302 Open-label extension study of oral Treprostinil in subjects with Pulmonary Hypertension associated wiht Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction- A long-term follow-up to TDE-HF-301 awarded by United Therapeutics Corporation 2017 - 2019
  • Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Treprostinil in Subjects with Pulmonary Hypertension in Heart FAilure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) awarded by United Therapeutics Corporation 2017 - 2019
  • Probing the Mechanism of VEGFR3 regulation by Beta-rrwatins in Vascular Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2019
  • RV STRAIN awarded by Gilead Sciences, Inc. 2015 - 2019
  • A phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of ubenimex in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO Group 1) (LIBERTY) awarded by Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Inc. 2016 - 2018
  • Opsummit Historical Users cohort study (OrPHeUS) awarded by Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd. 2018
  • A Phase 2, Open-Label, Extension Study to Evaluate the Long- Term Safety and Efficacy of Ubenimex in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (WHO Group 1) awarded by Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Inc. 2016 - 2018
  • Noncanonical Receptor Signaling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2018
  • CardioMEMS awarded by Pacesetter, Inc. 2016 - 2018
  • Investigation of the Effect of Expressing BMPr2, BMP10 or BMP9 in the monocrotaline rat model (MCT) and sugen-hypoxia model (SuHX) for PAH following the systemic delivery of genes using an AAV vector. awarded by StrideBio LLC 2017 - 2018
  • Targeting the Right Ventricle with Biased Agonists in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension awarded by Gilead Sciences, Inc. 2014 - 2016
• 

  External Relationships

  • APIE Therapeutics
  • Actelion
  • Altavant
  • Bayer
  • Insmed
  • Liquidia Technologies, Inc
  • Polarean
  • United Therapeutics Corp.
• Publications & Artistic Works
• 

  Selected Publications

  • Academic Articles

    • Eiger, Dylan Scott, Noelia Boldizsar, Christopher Cole Honeycutt, Julia Gardner, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Biased agonism at chemokine receptors.” Cell Signal 78 (February 2021): 109862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109862.
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    • Smith, Jeffrey S., Thomas F. Pack, Asuka Inoue, Claudia Lee, Kevin Zheng, Issac Choi, Dylan S. Eiger, et al. “Noncanonical scaffolding of Gαi and β-arrestin by G protein-coupled receptors.” Science, January 21, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay1833.
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    • Mamazhakypov, Argen, Gayathri Viswanathan, Allan Lawrie, Ralph Theo Schermuly, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “The role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in pulmonary arterial hypertension.” Br J Pharmacol 178, no. 1 (January 2021): 72–89. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.14826.
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    • Lee, Claudia, Gayathri Viswanathan, Issac Choi, Chanpreet Jassal, Taylor Kohlmann, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Beta-Arrestins and Receptor Signaling in the Vascular Endothelium.” Biomolecules 11, no. 1 (December 23, 2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11010009.
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    • Edmonston, D. L., S. Rajagopal, and M. Wolf. “Echocardiography to Screen for Pulmonary Hypertension in CKD.” Kidney International Reports 5, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 2275–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2020.09.033.
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    • Edmonston, Daniel L., Kishan S. Parikh, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Linda K. Shaw, Dennis Abraham, Alexander Grabner, Matthew A. Sparks, and Myles Wolf. “Pulmonary Hypertension Subtypes and Mortality in CKD.” Am J Kidney Dis 75, no. 5 (May 2020): 713–24. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.08.027.
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    • Virgincar, Rohan S., John C. Nouls, Ziyi Wang, Simone Degan, Yi Qi, Xinyu Xiong, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Bastiaan Driehuys. “Quantitative 129Xe MRI detects early impairment of gas-exchange in a rat model of pulmonary hypertension.” Sci Rep 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 7385. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64361-1.
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    • Parikh, Kishan S., Sean Doerfler, Nicholas Shelburne, Karla Kennedy, Jordan Whitson, Talal Dahhan, Terry Fortin, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Experience in Transitioning From Parenteral Prostacyclins to Selexipag in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.” J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 75, no. 4 (April 2020): 299–304. https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000000800.
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    • Narayanan, Sanju, Vineetha Vasukuttan, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Rangan Maitra, and Scott P. Runyon. “Identification of potent pyrazole based APELIN receptor (APJ) agonists.” Bioorg Med Chem 28, no. 4 (February 15, 2020): 115237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115237.
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    • Alenezi, Fawaz, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Shelby Kutty. “Assessing right atrial function in pulmonary hypertension: window to the soul of the right heart?” Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 318, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): H154–55. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00739.2019.
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    • Benza, Raymond L., Mark Doyle, David Lasorda, Kishan S. Parikh, Priscilla Correa-Jaque, Nima Badie, Greg Ginn, et al. “Monitoring Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Using an Implantable Hemodynamic Sensor.” Chest 156, no. 6 (December 2019): 1176–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2019.06.010.
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    • Wang, Ziyi, Elianna A. Bier, Aparna Swaminathan, Kishan Parikh, John Nouls, Mu He, Joseph G. Mammarappallil, Sheng Luo, Bastiaan Driehuys, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Diverse cardiopulmonary diseases are associated with distinct xenon magnetic resonance imaging signatures.” Eur Respir J 54, no. 6 (December 2019). https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00831-2019.
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    • Shelburne, Nicholas J., Kishan S. Parikh, Karen Chiswell, Linda K. Shaw, Joseph Sivak, Kristine Arges, Jennifer Tomfohr, et al. “Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Ventricular Function and Response to Therapy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.” Am J Cardiol 124, no. 8 (October 15, 2019): 1298–1304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.07.026.
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    • Tsai, Chia-Feng, Jeffrey S. Smith, Krzysztof Krajewski, Rui Zhao, Ahmed M. Moghieb, Carrie D. Nicora, Xinyu Xiong, et al. “Tandem Mass Tag Labeling Facilitates Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Hydrophilic Phosphopeptides.” Anal Chem 91, no. 18 (September 17, 2019): 11606–13. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01814.
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    • Ma, Zhiyuan, Yen-Rei Yu, Cristian T. Badea, Jeffrey J. Kovacs, Xinyu Xiong, Suzy Comhair, Claude A. Piantadosi, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3 Regulates Endothelial Function Through β-Arrestin 1.” Circulation 139, no. 13 (March 26, 2019): 1629–42. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034961.
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    • Parikh, Kishan S., Talal Dahhan, Leigh Nicholl, Nicole Ruopp, Gina-Maria Pomann, Terry Fortin, Victor F. Tapson, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients with Sarcoidosis-associated Pulmonary Hypertension.” Sci Rep 9, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 4061. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40030-w.
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    • Ghadimi, Kamrouz, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Nasally Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Sudden Right-Sided Heart Failure in the Intensive Care Unit: NO Time Like the Present.” J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 33, no. 3 (March 2019): 648–50. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2018.10.008.
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    • Antonia, Alejandro, Monica Alvarez, Esme Trahair, Kyle Gibbs, Kelly Pittman, Alyson Barnes, Jeffrey Smith, et al. “Pathogen-encoded evasion of CXCL10 and T cell responses,” February 22, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1101/557876.
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    • Rajarathnam, Krishna, Michael Schnoor, Ricardo M. Richardson, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “How do chemokines navigate neutrophils to the target site: Dissecting the structural mechanisms and signaling pathways.” Cell Signal 54 (February 2019): 69–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.11.004.
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    • Antonia, Alejandro L., Kyle D. Gibbs, Esme D. Trahair, Kelly J. Pittman, Amelia T. Martin, Benjamin H. Schott, Jeffrey S. Smith, et al. “Pathogen Evasion of Chemokine Response Through Suppression of CXCL10.” Front Cell Infect Microbiol 9 (2019): 280. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00280.
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    • Bier, Elianna A., Scott H. Robertson, Geoffry M. Schrank, Craig Rackley, Joseph G. Mammarappallil, Sudarshan Rajagopal, H Page McAdams, and Bastiaan Driehuys. “A protocol for quantifying cardiogenic oscillations in dynamic 129 Xe gas exchange spectroscopy: The effects of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.” Nmr Biomed 32, no. 1 (January 2019): e4029. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4029.
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    • Clapham, Katharine R., Inderjit Singh, Isabella S. Capuano, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Hyung J. Chun. “MEF2 and the Right Ventricle: From Development to Disease.” Front Cardiovasc Med 6 (2019): 29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2019.00029.
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    • Loyalka, Pranav, Muhammad Z. Ansari, Faisal H. Cheema, Charles C. Miller, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Keshava Rajagopal. “Surgical pulmonary embolectomy and catheter-based therapies for acute pulmonary embolism: A contemporary systematic review.” J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 156, no. 6 (December 2018): 2155–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.05.085.
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    • Wang, Ziyi, Mu He, Elianna Bier, Leith Rankine, Geoffry Schrank, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Yuh-Chin Huang, et al. “Hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas transfer MRI: the transition from 1.5T to 3T.” Magn Reson Med 80, no. 6 (December 2018): 2374–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.27377.
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    • Smith, Jeffrey S., Lowell T. Nicholson, Jutamas Suwanpradid, Rachel A. Glenn, Nicole M. Knape, Priya Alagesan, Jaimee N. Gundry, et al. “Biased agonists of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 differentially control chemotaxis and inflammation.” Sci Signal 11, no. 555 (November 6, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aaq1075.
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    • Alenezi, Fawaz, Aditya Mandawat, Zachary J. Il’Giovine, Linda K. Shaw, Irfan Siddiqui, Victor F. Tapson, Kristine Arges, et al. “Clinical Utility and Prognostic Value of Right Atrial Function in Pulmonary Hypertension.” Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 11, no. 11 (November 2018): e006984. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.117.006984.
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    • Luttrell, Louis M., Jialu Wang, Bianca Plouffe, Jeffrey S. Smith, Lama Yamani, Suneet Kaur, Pierre-Yves Jean-Charles, et al. “Manifold roles of β-arrestins in GPCR signaling elucidated with siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9.” Sci Signal 11, no. 549 (September 25, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aat7650.
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    • Siddiqui, Irfan, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Amanda Brucker, Karen Chiswell, Bridgette Christopher, Fawaz Alenezi, Aditya Mandawat, et al. “Clinical and Echocardiographic Predictors of Outcomes in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension.” Am J Cardiol 122, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 872–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.05.019.
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    • Il’Giovine, Zachary J., Hillary Mulder, Karen Chiswell, Kristine Arges, Jennifer Tomfohr, Abraham Hashmi, Eric J. Velazquez, Joseph A. Kisslo, Zainab Samad, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Right Ventricular Longitudinal Strain Reproducibility Using Vendor-Dependent and Vendor-Independent Software.” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 31, no. 6 (June 2018): 721-732.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2018.01.008.
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    • Prem Kumar, K. S., R. Sudarshan, G Sree Vijayabala, Samuel Raj Srinivasan, and Prajna V. Kini. “A Study on the Assessment of Haller Cells in Panoramic Radiograph.” Niger Med J 59, no. 3 (May 2018): 25–27. https://doi.org/10.4103/nmj.NMJ_166_18.
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    • Smith, Jeffrey S., Robert J. Lefkowitz, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Biased signalling: from simple switches to allosteric microprocessors.” Nat Rev Drug Discov 17, no. 4 (April 2018): 243–60. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd.2017.229.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, and Sudha K. Shenoy. “GPCR desensitization: Acute and prolonged phases.” Cell Signal 41 (January 2018): 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.01.024.
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    • Viswanathan, Gayathri, Argen Mamazhakypov, Ralph T. Schermuly, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “The Role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Right Ventricle in Pulmonary Hypertension.” Front Cardiovasc Med 5 (2018): 179. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2018.00179.
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    • Broderick-Forsgren, Kathleen, Clemontina A. Davenport, Joseph A. Sivak, Charles William Hargett, Michael C. Foster, Andrew Monteagudo, Alicia Armour, et al. “Improving on the diagnostic characteristics of echocardiography for pulmonary hypertension.” Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 33, no. 9 (September 2017): 1341–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-017-1114-2.
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    • Smith, Jeffrey S., Priya Alagesan, Nimit K. Desai, Thomas F. Pack, Jiao-Hui Wu, Asuka Inoue, Neil J. Freedman, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 3 Splice Variants Differentially Activate Beta-Arrestins to Regulate Downstream Signaling Pathways.” Mol Pharmacol 92, no. 2 (August 2017): 136–50. https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.117.108522.
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    • Wang, Ziyi, Scott Haile Robertson, Jennifer Wang, Mu He, Rohan S. Virgincar, Geoffry M. Schrank, Elianna A. Bier, et al. “Quantitative analysis of hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas transfer MRI.” Med Phys 44, no. 6 (June 2017): 2415–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.12264.
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    • Parikh, Kishan S., Youlan Rao, Tariq Ahmad, Kai Shen, G Michael Felker, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Novel approach to classifying patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension using cluster analysis.” Pulm Circ 7, no. 2 (April 2017): 486–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/2045893217705891.
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    • Onaran, H Ongun, Caterina Ambrosio, Özlem Uğur, Erzsebet Madaras Koncz, Maria Cristina Grò, Vanessa Vezzi, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Tommaso Costa. “Systematic errors in detecting biased agonism: Analysis of current methods and development of a new model-free approach.” Sci Rep 7 (March 14, 2017): 44247. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44247.
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    • Luo, Nancy, Damian Craig, Olga Ilkayeva, Michael Muehlbauer, William E. Kraus, Christopher B. Newgard, Svati H. Shah, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Plasma acylcarnitines are associated with pulmonary hypertension.” Pulm Circ 7, no. 1 (March 2017): 211–18. https://doi.org/10.1086/690554.
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    • Dahhan, Talal, Fawaz Alenezi, Zainab Samad, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Echocardiography in the Risk Assessment of Acute Pulmonary Embolism.” Semin Respir Crit Care Med 38, no. 1 (February 2017): 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1597563.
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    • Gundry, Jaimee, Rachel Glenn, Priya Alagesan, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “A Practical Guide to Approaching Biased Agonism at G Protein Coupled Receptors.” Front Neurosci 11 (2017): 17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00017.
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    • Dahhan, T., I. Siddiqui, V. F. Tapson, E. J. Velazquez, S. Sun, C. A. Davenport, Z. Samad, and S. Rajagopal. “Clinical and echocardiographic predictors of mortality in acute pulmonary embolism.” Cardiovascular Ultrasound 14, no. 1 (October 28, 2016).
    • Dahhan, Talal, Irfan Siddiqui, Victor F. Tapson, Eric J. Velazquez, Stephanie Sun, Clemontina A. Davenport, Zainab Samad, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Clinical and echocardiographic predictors of mortality in acute pulmonary embolism.” Cardiovasc Ultrasound 14, no. 1 (October 28, 2016): 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12947-016-0087-y.
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    • Smith, Jeffrey S., and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “The β-Arrestins: Multifunctional Regulators of G Protein-coupled Receptors.” J Biol Chem 291, no. 17 (April 22, 2016): 8969–77. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R115.713313.
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    • Ma, Zhiyuan, Lan Mao, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Hemodynamic Characterization of Rodent Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.” J Vis Exp, no. 110 (April 11, 2016). https://doi.org/10.3791/53335.
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    • Parikh, Kishan S., Sudarshan Rajagopal, Terry Fortin, Victor F. Tapson, and Abby D. Poms. “Safety and Tolerability of High-dose Inhaled Treprostinil in Pulmonary Hypertension.” J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 67, no. 4 (April 2016): 322–25. https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000000357.
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    • Dahhan, Talal, Shiv S. Kaushik, Mu He, Joseph G. Mammarappallil, Victor F. Tapson, Holman P. McAdams, Thomas A. Sporn, Bastiaan Driehuys, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Abnormalities in hyperpolarized (129)Xe magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in two patients with pulmonary vascular disease.” Pulm Circ 6, no. 1 (March 2016): 126–31. https://doi.org/10.1086/685110.
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    • Parikh, Kishan S., Sudarshan Rajagopal, Kristine Arges, Tariq Ahmad, Joseph Sivak, Prashant Kaul, Svati H. Shah, et al. “Use of outcome measures in pulmonary hypertension clinical trials.” Am Heart J 170, no. 3 (September 2015): 419-29.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2015.06.010.
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    • Forsha, Daniel, Niels Risum, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Stephen Dolgner, Christoph Hornik, Huiman Barnhart, Joseph Kisslo, and Piers Barker. “The influence of angle of insonation and target depth on speckle-tracking strain.” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 28, no. 5 (May 2015): 580–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2014.12.015.
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    • Onaran, H Ongun, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Tommaso Costa. “What is biased efficacy? Defining the relationship between intrinsic efficacy and free energy coupling.” Trends Pharmacol Sci 35, no. 12 (December 2014): 639–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2014.09.010.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Daniel E. Forsha, Niels Risum, Christoph P. Hornik, Abby D. Poms, Terry A. Fortin, Victor F. Tapson, Eric J. Velazquez, Joseph Kisslo, and Zainab Samad. “Comprehensive assessment of right ventricular function in patients with pulmonary hypertension with global longitudinal peak systolic strain derived from multiple right ventricular views.” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 27, no. 6 (June 2014): 657-665.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2014.02.001.
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    • Forsha, Daniel, Niels Risum, P Andrea Kropf, Sudarshan Rajagopal, P Brian Smith, Ronald J. Kanter, Zainab Samad, Peter Sogaard, Piers Barker, and Joseph Kisslo. “Right ventricular mechanics using a novel comprehensive three-view echocardiographic strain analysis in a normal population.” J Am Soc Echocardiogr 27, no. 4 (April 2014): 413–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2013.12.018.
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    • Kahsai, Alem W., Sudarshan Rajagopal, Jinpeng Sun, and Kunhong Xiao. “Monitoring protein conformational changes and dynamics using stable-isotope labeling and mass spectrometry.” Nature Protocols 9, no. 6 (January 2014): 1301–19. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2014.075.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Daniel L. Bassoni, James J. Campbell, Norma P. Gerard, Craig Gerard, and Tom S. Wehrman. “Biased agonism as a mechanism for differential signaling by chemokine receptors.” J Biol Chem 288, no. 49 (December 6, 2013): 35039–48. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.479113.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan. “Quantifying biased agonism: understanding the links between affinity and efficacy.” Nat Rev Drug Discov 12, no. 6 (June 2013): 483. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3954-c1.
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    • Forsha, Daniel E., Niels Risum, Phillip B. Smith, Andrea Kropf, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Zainab Samad, Ronald J. Kanter, Barker Piers, and Joseph Kisslo. “A Novel Comprehensive RV Strain Analysis: Echocardiographic Approach to Define a Normal Adult Population.” Circulation 126, no. 21 (November 20, 2012).
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    • Xiao, K., J. Sun, J. Kim, S. Rajagopal, B. Zhai, J. Villén, W. Haas, et al. “Erratum: Global phosphorylation analysis of ß-arrestin-mediated signaling downstream of a seven transmembrane receptor (7TMR) (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2010) 107, 34 (15299-15304) doi:10.1073/pnas.1008461107).” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109, no. 33 (August 14, 2012): 13464. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1211889109.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Seungkirl Ahn, David H. Rominger, William Gowen-MacDonald, Christopher M. Lam, Scott M. Dewire, Jonathan D. Violin, and Robert J. Lefkowitz. “Quantifying ligand bias at seven-transmembrane receptors.” Mol Pharmacol 80, no. 3 (September 2011): 367–77. https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.111.072801.
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    • Hara, Makoto R., Jeffrey J. Kovacs, Erin J. Whalen, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Ryan T. Strachan, Wayne Grant, Aaron J. Towers, et al. “A stress response pathway regulates DNA damage through β2-adrenoreceptors and β-arrestin-1.” Nature 477, no. 7364 (August 21, 2011): 349–53. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10368.
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    • Kahsai, Alem W., Kunhong Xiao, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Seungkirl Ahn, Arun K. Shukla, Jinpeng Sun, Terrence G. Oas, and Robert J. Lefkowitz. “Multiple ligand-specific conformations of the β2-adrenergic receptor.” Nat Chem Biol 7, no. 10 (August 21, 2011): 692–700. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.634.
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    • Nobles, Kelly N., Kunhong Xiao, Seungkirl Ahn, Arun K. Shukla, Christopher M. Lam, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Ryan T. Strachan, et al. “Distinct phosphorylation sites on the β(2)-adrenergic receptor establish a barcode that encodes differential functions of β-arrestin.” Sci Signal 4, no. 185 (August 9, 2011): ra51. https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.2001707.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Jeff Kovacs, Cristian Badea, G Allan Johnson, Howard A. Rockman, Claude A. Piantadosi, and Robert J. Lefkowitz. “BETA-ARRESTINS REGULATE SIGNALING BY BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN TYPE II RECEPTOR IN PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology 57, no. 14 (April 2011): E2046–E2046. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(11)62046-9.
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    • Whalen, Erin J., Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Robert J. Lefkowitz. “Therapeutic potential of β-arrestin- and G protein-biased agonists.” Trends Mol Med 17, no. 3 (March 2011): 126–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2010.11.004.
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    • Xiao, Kunhong, Jinpeng Sun, Jihee Kim, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Bo Zhai, Judit Villén, Wilhelm Haas, et al. “Global phosphorylation analysis of beta-arrestin-mediated signaling downstream of a seven transmembrane receptor (7TMR).” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, no. 34 (August 24, 2010): 15299–304. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1008461107.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Keshava Rajagopal, and Robert J. Lefkowitz. “Teaching old receptors new tricks: biasing seven-transmembrane receptors.” Nat Rev Drug Discov 9, no. 5 (May 2010): 373–86. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3024.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Jihee Kim, Seungkirl Ahn, Stewart Craig, Christopher M. Lam, Norma P. Gerard, Craig Gerard, and Robert J. Lefkowitz. “Beta-arrestin- but not G protein-mediated signaling by the "decoy" receptor CXCR7.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, no. 2 (January 12, 2010): 628–32. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0912852107.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, and Stephen B. H. Kent. “Total chemical synthesis and biophysical characterization of the minimal isoform of the KChIP2 potassium channel regulatory subunit.” Protein Science : A Publication of the Protein Society 16, no. 9 (September 2007): 2056–64. https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.072876107.
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    • Ihee, Hyotcherl, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Vukica Srajer, Reinhard Pahl, Spencer Anderson, Marius Schmidt, Friedrich Schotte, Philip A. Anfinrud, Michael Wulff, and Keith Moffat. “Visualizing reaction pathways in photoactive yellow protein from nanoseconds to seconds.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, no. 20 (May 17, 2005): 7145–50. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409035102.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Spencer Anderson, Vukica Srajer, Marius Schmidt, Reinhard Pahl, and Keith Moffat. “A structural pathway for signaling in the E46Q mutant of photoactive yellow protein.” Structure 13, no. 1 (January 2005): 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2004.10.016.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Jason M. Key, Erin B. Purcell, David J. Boerema, and Keith Moffat. “Purification and initial characterization of a putative blue light-regulated phosphodiesterase from Escherichia coli.” Photochem Photobiol 80, no. 3 (November 2004): 542–47. https://doi.org/10.1562/2004-06-16-RA-203.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Konstantin S. Kostov, and Keith Moffat. “Analytical trapping: extraction of time-independent structures from time-dependent crystallographic data.” J Struct Biol 147, no. 3 (September 2004): 211–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2004.04.007.
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    • Anderson, Spencer, Vukica Srajer, Reinhard Pahl, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Friedrich Schotte, Philip Anfinrud, Michael Wulff, and Keith Moffat. “Chromophore conformation and the evolution of tertiary structural changes in photoactive yellow protein.” Structure 12, no. 6 (June 2004): 1039–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2004.04.008.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Marius Schmidt, Spencer Anderson, Hyotcherl Ihee, and Keith Moffat. “Analysis of experimental time-resolved crystallographic data by singular value decomposition.” Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography 60, no. Pt 5 (May 2004): 860–71. https://doi.org/10.1107/s0907444904004160.
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    • Schmidt, Marius, Reinhard Pahl, Vukica Srajer, Spencer Anderson, Zhong Ren, Hyotcherl Ihee, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Keith Moffat. “Protein kinetics: structures of intermediates and reaction mechanism from time-resolved x-ray data.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101, no. 14 (April 6, 2004): 4799–4804. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0305983101.
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    • Rajagopal, S., J. M. Key, E. B. Purcell, D. J. Boerema, and K. Moffat. “Purification and initial characterization of a putative blue light-regulated phosphodiesterase from Escherichia coli.” Photochemistry and Photobiology 80, no. 3 (January 1, 2004): 542–47. https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2004)080<0542:PAICOA>2.0.CO;2.
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    • Rajagopal, S., and K. Moffat. “Erratum: Crystal structure of a photoactive yellow protein from a sensor histidine kinase: Conformational variability and signal transduction (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (February 18, 2003) 100:4 (1649-1654).” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100, no. 13 (June 24, 2003): 8037. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1432896100.
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    • Schmidt, Marius, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Zhong Ren, and Keith Moffat. “Application of singular value decomposition to the analysis of time-resolved macromolecular x-ray data.” Biophys J 84, no. 3 (March 2003): 2112–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(03)75018-8.
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    • Rajagopal, Sudarshan, and Keith Moffat. “Crystal structure of a photoactive yellow protein from a sensor histidine kinase: conformational variability and signal transduction.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100, no. 4 (February 18, 2003): 1649–54. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0336353100.
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    • Crosson, Sean, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Keith Moffat. “The LOV domain family: photoresponsive signaling modules coupled to diverse output domains.” Biochemistry 42, no. 1 (January 14, 2003): 2–10. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi026978l.
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    • Smith, Jeffrey S., Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Amber Reck Atwater. “Chemokine Signaling in Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Toward Targeted Therapies.” Dermatitis 29, no. 4 (n.d.): 179–86. https://doi.org/10.1097/DER.0000000000000391.
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    • Zheng, Kevin, Jeffrey S. Smith, Anmol Warman, Issac Choi, Jaimee N. Gundry, Thomas F. Pack, Asuka Inoue, Marc G. Caron, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Biased agonists of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 differentially drive formation of Gαi:β-arrestin complexes,” n.d. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.11.146605.
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  • Book Sections

    • Zheng, K., A. Kibrom, G. Viswanathan, and S. Rajagopal. “Arrestin-mediated signaling at GPCRs.” In GPCRs: Structure, Function, and Drug Discovery, 243–55, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816228-6.00012-X.
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  • Conference Papers

    • Suwanpradid, J., P. Hoang, J. Kwock, L. Floyd, J. Smith, R. Kedl, A. Atwater, S. Rajagopal, D. Corcoran, and A. S. MacLeod. “IL-27 in macrophages mediates T cell survival and dermal cluster formation in allergic contact hypersensitivity.” In Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 139:S2–S2. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2019.
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    • Bier, E., Z. Wang, A. Swaminathan, J. Nouls, M. He, J. Mammarappallil, S. Luo, B. Driehuys, and S. Rajagopal. “129Xenon MR Imaging and Spectroscopic Signatures to Differentiate Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension from Other Heart and Lung Disease.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 199. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2019.
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    • Smith, J. S., L. Nicholson, J. Suwanpradid, R. Glenn, J. Gundry, P. Alagesan, N. Knape, et al. “678 Biased CXCR3 ligands differentially alter allergic contact hypersensitivity and chemotaxis.” In Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 137:S117–S117. Elsevier BV, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.701.
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    • Dahhan, T., K. Parikh, N. F. Ruopp, V. Poon, G. -. M. Pomann, T. Fortin, V. F. Tapson, and S. Rajagopal. “Clinical Features And Outcomes Of Patients With Sarcoidosis Associated Pulmonary Hypertension At A Tertiary Care Center, Using Pulmonary Vasodilator Medications.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 195. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2017.
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    • Alenezi, Fawaz, Aditya Mandawat, Irfan Siddiqui, Kristine Arges, Danny Rivera, Eric Velazquez, Pamela Douglas, Sudarshan Rajagopal, and Zainab Samad. “Right Atrial Dysfunction From Speckle Tracking Strain Echocardiography Associated With Mortality in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension.” In Circulation, Vol. 134. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2016.
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    • Siddiqui, Irfan, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Amanda Brucker, Karen Chiswell, Fawaz Al Enezi, Danny Rivera, Aditya Mandawat, et al. “Clinical and Echocardiographic Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.” In Circulation, Vol. 134. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2016.
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    • Parikh, K. S., Y. Rao, K. Shen, and S. Rajagopal. “Patient Characteristic Cluster Analysis Predicts Response To Therapy To Oral Treprostinil In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 193. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2016.
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    • Swaminathan, A. C., A. Poms, K. Kennedy, H. Zhu, E. Gaspard, T. A. Fortin, J. Senick, et al. “Toward Theranostic Biomarkers In Pulmonary Hypertension.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 193. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2016.
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    • Luo, Nancy, Damian M. Craig, Olga Ilkayeva, James Bain, Michael Muehlbauer, William E. Kraus, Christopher B. Newgard, Svati H. Shah, and Sudarshan Rajagopal. “Plasma Metabolomic Profiles Differentiate Hemodynamic Subtypes of Pulmonary Hypertension.” In Circulation, Vol. 132. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2015.
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    • Dahhan, T., I. Siddiqui, Z. Samad, V. Tapson, E. Velazquez, and S. Rajagopal. “Predictors Of 30-Day Survival In Acute Pulmonary Embolism.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 191. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2015.
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    • Krishnamoorthy, Arun, Sneha Vakamudi, Mara H. Watson, Jennifer S. Byrns, Sudarshan Rajagopal, G Michael Felker, Joseph G. Rogers, and Chetan B. Patel. “Hemodynamic Response to Continuous Outpatient Milrinone Infusion in Advanced Heart Failure Patients with Mixed Pulmonary Hypertension.” In Journal of Cardiac Failure, 20:S41–S41. Elsevier BV, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2014.06.118.
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    • Moffat, K., S. Anderson, S. Rajagopal, V. Srajer, R. Pahl, H. Ihee, M. Schmidt, and J. Key. “How do signaling photoreceptors respond to light?” In Acta Crystallographica Section a Foundations of Crystallography, 61:c72–c72. International Union of Crystallography (IUCr), 2005. https://doi.org/10.1107/s0108767305096947.
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    • Schmidt, M., S. Rajagopal, S. Anderson, and K. Moffat. “Protein kinetics: relaxations on atomic length scales.” In Acta Crystallographica Section a Foundations of Crystallography, 60:s19–s19. International Union of Crystallography (IUCr), 2004. https://doi.org/10.1107/s0108767304099647.
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    • Rajagopal, S., S. Anderson, H. Ihee, V. Srajer, M. Schmidt, R. Pahl, and K. Moffat. “A structural pathway for signaling in photoactive yellow protein.” In Biophysical Journal, 86:83A-83A. BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY, 2004.
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    • Moffat, K., V. Srajer, R. Pahl, Z. Ren, M. Schmidt, S. Anderson, S. Crosson, et al. “Time-resolved macromolecular crystallography: molecular movies?” In Acta Crystallographica Section a Foundations of Crystallography, 58:c27–c27. International Union of Crystallography (IUCr), 2002. https://doi.org/10.1107/s0108767302086166.
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    • Schmidt, M., R. Pahl, V. Srajer, S. Anderson, K. Brister, S. Ruan, S. Rajagopal, Z. Ren, and K. Moffat. “Application of singular value decomposition to time-resolved X-ray data; simulations and experiments.” In Acta Crystallographica Section a Foundations of Crystallography, 58:c374–c374. International Union of Crystallography (IUCr), 2002. https://doi.org/10.1107/s0108767302099956.
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    • Dwyer, J. J., M. A. Dwyer, S. Rajagopal, and A. A. Kossiakoff. “Probing the dielectric environment of RNase S using a fluorescent, non-natural amino acid.” In Biophysical Journal, 78:294A-294A. BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY, 2000.
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    • Dwyer, J. J., M. A. Dwyer, S. Rajagopal, and A. A. Kossiakoff. “Investigation of structure and stability in a model protein system: A synthetic variant of the C-terminal fragment of ovomucoid third domain.” In Biophysical Journal, 78:294A-294A. BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY, 2000.
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• Teaching & Mentoring
• 

  Recent Courses

  • BIOCHEM 393: Research Independent Study 2021
  • BIOCHEM 593: Research Independent Study 2021
  • PHARM 494: Research Independent Study 2021
  • BIOCHEM 393: Research Independent Study 2020
  • BIOCHEM 593: Research Independent Study 2020
  • PHARM 494: Research Independent Study 2020
  • BIOCHEM 393: Research Independent Study 2019
  • BIOCHEM 593: Research Independent Study 2019
  • PHARM 494: Research Independent Study 2019

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