Timothy Joseph McMahon | Scholars@Duke

Timothy Joseph McMahon
Professor of Medicine

The McMahon Lab at Duke University and Durham VA Medical Center is investigating novel roles of the red blood cell (RBC) in the circulation. The regulated release of the vasodilator SNO (a form of NO, nitric oxide) by RBCs within the respiratory cycle in mammals optimizes nutrient delivery at multiple levels, especially in the lung (gas exchange) and the peripheral microcirculation (O₂ transport to tissues). Deficiency of RBC SNO bioactivity (as in human RBCs banked for transfusion), for example, appears to contribute to the serious lung and circulatory problems associated with RBC transfusion in some settings. We have also demonstrated benefit in the use of treatments that exploit RBCs as a vehicle for delivery of SNOs, in both human patients and in model animals.

RBCs also release ATP in response to stimuli including deformation and hypoxia, and the exported ATP also participates in the maintenance of a healthy circulation, according to mechanisms that we are now unraveling.

We use basic and translational approaches to understand the molecular mechanisms by which these RBC-derived signals effect circulatory changes in human health and disease, particularly in the lung. Disease states driving this research include acute and chronic lung diseases such as sepsis (severe infection, such as COVID-19), transfusion-related respiratory problems, sickle cell disease, and pulmonary hypertension of adults and newborns.

Funding: VA and NIH.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Medicine 2021

Contact Information

DUMC 2650, 203 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710
Msrb1, Rm 275, DUMC 2650, 203 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710
tim.mcmahon@duke.edu (919) 668-7762

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Pulmonary Fellow, Medicine, Duke University 1996 - 1999
- Medical Resident, Medicine, Duke University 1993 - 1996
- M.D., Tulane University 1993
- Ph.D., Tulane University 1992
Duke Appointment History
- Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Medicine 2017 - 2020
- Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Medicine 2010 - 2017
- Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Medicine 2006 - 2010
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Medicine 1999 - 2006
Research
Selected Grants
- Duke CTSA (TL1) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- Role of S-nitrosothiols on Akt1 signaling and pneumonia resolution awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2021
- A portable multi-parametric optical spectroscopy device for key vascular and metabolic endpoints monitoring in small animals awarded by Zenalux Biomedical, Inc. 2019 - 2021
- Research Training in Allergy and Clinical Immunology awarded by National Institutes of Health 2000 - 2021
- Interdisciplinary Training Program in Lung Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2021
- Transfusion Medicine and Hematology awarded by National Institutes of Health 1975 - 2021
- Novel role for CD163 in ozone induced alterations of pulmonary immunity awarded by Ohio State University 2020 - 2021
- Influence of anaerobic RBC storage on RBC ATP export awarded by Hemanext 2020 - 2021
- IPA - Nisha Srivastava awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2020 - 2021
- Sepsis-induced Red Cell Dysfunction (SiRD) awarded by University of Maryland, Baltimore 2019 - 2021
- IPA- Hongmei Zhu awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2019 - 2020
- Novel role for CD163 in ozone induced alterations of pulmonary immunity awarded by East Carolina University 2019 - 2020
- S-nitrosothiols, NF-KappaB and Inflammation in Acute Lung Injury awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2019
- Sepsis-induced Red Cell Dysfunction (SiRD) awarded by Washington University 2015 - 2019
- IPA - Joseph Herbert awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2018 - 2019
- Hand-held advanced functional imager for assessing local tissue oxygenation awarded by Wasatch Photonics, Inc. 2017 - 2018
- Evaluation of endothelial function in single ventricle patients receiving Ambrisentan after surgery. awarded by Thrasher Research Fund 2015 - 2017
- Blood flow and tissue oxygenation using optical coherence tomography awarded by Wasatch Photonics, Inc. 2016
- The Duke Multidisciplinary Training Program in Pediatric Lung Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2010 - 2016
- Role of RBC NO and ATP in Sickle Vasculopathy awarded by National Institutes of Health 2012 - 2016
- Impaired release of antiadhesive ATP from stored RBCs: a novel transfusion lesion awarded by National Institutes of Health 2012 - 2014
- Pulmonary Hypertension in SCD awarded by National Institutes of Health 2005 - 2011
- Red Blood Cell S-nitrosothiols and Oxygenation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Kirby, Brett S., Matthew A. Sparks, Eduardo R. Lazarowski, Denise A. Lopez Domowicz, Hongmei Zhu, and Timothy J. McMahon. “Pannexin 1 channels control the hemodynamic response to hypoxia by regulating O2-sensitive extracellular ATP in blood.” Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 320, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): H1055–65. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00651.2020.
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  - Swaminathan, Aparna C., Hongmei Zhu, Victor Tapson, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Abby Poms, Zach Kelleher, Elijah Gaspard, et al. “Treatment-related biomarkers in pulmonary hypertension patients on oral therapies.” Respir Res 21, no. 1 (November 19, 2020): 304. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-020-01566-y.
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  - Ianiri, Giuseppe, Marco A. Coelho, Fiorella Ruchti, Florian Sparber, Timothy J. McMahon, Ci Fu, Madison Bolejack, et al. “HGT in the human and skin commensal Malassezia: A bacterially derived flavohemoglobin is required for NO resistance and host interaction.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 117, no. 27 (July 7, 2020): 15884–94. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2003473117.
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  - Lopez Domowicz, Denise A., Ian Welsby, Charles R. Esther, Hongmei Zhu, Robert D. Marek, Grace Lee, Nirmish Shah, Jessica L. Poisson, and Tim J. McMahon. “Effects of repleting organic phosphates in banked erythrocytes on plasma metabolites and vasoactive mediators after red cell exchange transfusion in sickle cell disease.” Blood Transfus 18, no. 3 (May 2020): 200–207. https://doi.org/10.2450/2020.0237-19.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J., Siqing Shan, Daniel A. Riccio, Milena Batchvarova, Hongmei Zhu, Marilyn J. Telen, and Rahima Zennadi. “Nitric oxide loading reduces sickle red cell adhesion and vaso-occlusion in vivo.” Blood Adv 3, no. 17 (September 10, 2019): 2586–97. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2019031633.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J. “Red Blood Cell Deformability, Vasoactive Mediators, and Adhesion.” Front Physiol 10 (2019): 1417. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01417.
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  - Zhang, Lisheng, Jiao-Hui Wu, Tai-Qin Huang, Igor Nepliouev, Leigh Brian, Zhushan Zhang, Virginia Wertman, et al. “Drebrin regulates angiotensin II-induced aortic remodelling.” Cardiovasc Res 114, no. 13 (November 1, 2018): 1806–15. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvy151.
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  - Rogers, Stephen C., Laura B. Dosier, Timothy J. McMahon, Hongmei Zhu, David Timm, Hengtao Zhang, Joseph Herbert, et al. “Red blood cell phenotype fidelity following glycerol cryopreservation optimized for research purposes.” Plos One 13, no. 12 (2018): e0209201. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209201.
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  - Vostal, Jaroslav G., Paul W. Buehler, Monique P. Gelderman, Abdu I. Alayash, Alan Doctor, James C. Zimring, Simone A. Glynn, et al. “Proceedings of the Food and Drug Administration's public workshop on new red blood cell product regulatory science 2016.” Transfusion 58, no. 1 (January 2018): 255–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.14435.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J., and Nathan S. Bryan. “Biomarkers in Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Gauging Response to Therapy.” Am J Cardiol 120, no. 8S (October 15, 2017): S89–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.06.014.
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  - Dosier, Laura Beth Mann, Vikram J. Premkumar, Hongmei Zhu, Izzet Akosman, Michael F. Wempe, and Timothy J. McMahon. “Antagonists of the system L neutral amino acid transporter (LAT) promote endothelial adhesivity of human red blood cells.” Thromb Haemost 117, no. 7 (June 28, 2017): 1402–11. https://doi.org/10.1160/TH16-05-0373.
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  - Pastva, A. M., J. K. Walker, L. A. Maddox, S. Mukherjee, C. Giamberardino, B. Hsia, E. Potts, et al. “Nitric Oxide Mediates Relative Airway Hyporesponsiveness to Lipopolysaccharide in Surfactant Protein A-Deficient Mice (Retraction of vol 44, pg 175, 2011).” American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 55, no. 5 (November 1, 2016): 758–758.
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  - Riccio, Daniel A., Jonathan R. Malowitz, C Michael Cotten, Amy P. Murtha, and Timothy J. McMahon. “S-Nitrosylated fetal hemoglobin in neonatal human blood.” Biochem Biophys Res Commun 473, no. 4 (May 13, 2016): 1084–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.019.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J. “Platelets promote pulmonary pull of polys.” Blood 126, no. 19 (November 5, 2015): 2174–75. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-09-670455.
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  - Riccio, Daniel A., Hongmei Zhu, Matthew W. Foster, Brendan Huang, Christina L. Hofmann, Gregory M. Palmer, and Tim J. McMahon. “Renitrosylation of banked human red blood cells improves deformability and reduces adhesivity.” Transfusion 55, no. 10 (October 2015): 2452–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.13189.
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  - Kirby, Brett S., Pablo J. Schwarzbaum, Eduardo R. Lazarowski, Frank A. Dinenno, and Tim J. McMahon. “Liberation of ATP secondary to hemolysis is not mutually exclusive of regulated export.” Blood 125, no. 11 (March 12, 2015): 1844–45. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2014-11-609610.
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  - Kirby, Brett S., Gabi Hanna, Hansford C. Hendargo, and Timothy J. McMahon. “Restoration of intracellular ATP production in banked red blood cells improves inducible ATP export and suppresses RBC-endothelial adhesion.” Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 307, no. 12 (December 15, 2014): H1737–44. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00542.2014.
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  - Bennett-Guerrero, Elliott, Brett S. Kirby, Hongmei Zhu, Annadele E. Herman, Nicholas Bandarenko, and Timothy J. McMahon. “Randomized study of washing 40- to 42-day-stored red blood cells.” Transfusion 54, no. 10 (October 2014): 2544–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.12660.
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  - Foster, Matthew W., J Will Thompson, Michael T. Forrester, Yonggang Sha, Timothy J. McMahon, Dawn E. Bowles, M Arthur Moseley, and Harvey E. Marshall. “Proteomic analysis of the NOS2 interactome in human airway epithelial cells.” Nitric Oxide 34 (November 1, 2013): 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2013.02.079.
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  - Lilly, Laura E., Sara K. Blinebry, Chelsea M. Viscardi, Luis Perez, Joseph Bonaventura, and Tim J. McMahon. “Parallel assay of oxygen equilibria of hemoglobin.” Anal Biochem 441, no. 1 (October 1, 2013): 63–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2013.06.010.
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  - Hanna, Gabi, Andrew Fontanella, Gregory Palmer, Siqing Shan, Daniel R. Radiloff, Yulin Zhao, David Irwin, et al. “Automated measurement of blood flow velocity and direction and hemoglobin oxygen saturation in the rat lung using intravital microscopy.” Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 304, no. 2 (January 15, 2013): L86–91. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00178.2012.
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  - Nossaman, B. D., E. A. Pankey, T. McMahon, and P. J. Kadowitz. “The clinical role of soluble guanylyl cyclase stimulators.” Current Topics in Pharmacology 17, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 1–12.
  - Roberson, Russell S., Evelyn Lockhart, Nathan I. Shapiro, Nicholas Bandarenko, Timothy J. McMahon, Michael J. Massey, William D. White, and Elliott Bennett-Guerrero. “Impact of transfusion of autologous 7- versus 42-day-old AS-3 red blood cells on tissue oxygenation and the microcirculation in healthy volunteers.” Transfusion 52, no. 11 (November 2012): 2459–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03615.x.
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  - Torok, Jordan A., Mulugu V. Brahmajothi, Hongmei Zhu, Brian T. Tinch, Richard L. Auten, and Timothy J. McMahon. “Transpulmonary flux of S-nitrosothiols and pulmonary vasodilation during nitric oxide inhalation: role of transport.” Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 47, no. 1 (July 2012): 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2011-0439OC.
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  - Piantadosi, Claude A., Raquel R. Bartz, Martha S. Carraway, Andrew J. Ghio, Timothy J. McMahon, David M. Murdoch, Victor L. Roggli, et al. “The opprobrium of Big Tobacco.” Am J Respir Crit Care Med 185, no. 9 (May 1, 2012): 1030. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.185.9.1030.
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  - Ibrahim, Yomna I., Janet R. Ninnis, Andrew O. Hopper, Douglas D. Deming, Amy X. Zhang, Jason L. Herring, Lawrence C. Sowers, Timothy J. McMahon, Gordon G. Power, and Arlin B. Blood. “Inhaled nitric oxide therapy increases blood nitrite, nitrate, and s-nitrosohemoglobin concentrations in infants with pulmonary hypertension.” J Pediatr 160, no. 2 (February 2012): 245–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.07.040.
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  - Zhu, Hongmei, Rahima Zennadi, Bruce X. Xu, Jerry P. Eu, Jordan A. Torok, Marilyn J. Telen, and Timothy J. McMahon. “Impaired adenosine-5'-triphosphate release from red blood cells promotes their adhesion to endothelial cells: a mechanism of hypoxemia after transfusion.” Crit Care Med 39, no. 11 (November 2011): 2478–86. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e318225754f.
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  - McMahon, T. J., and J. Bonaventura. “The Main Players: Hemoglobin and Myoglobin; Nitric Oxide and Oxygen,” July 4, 2011, 47–62. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119975427.ch4.
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  - Zhu, H., R. Zennadi, B. Xu, J. P. Eu, J. Torok, M. J. Telen, and T. J. McMahon. “Red Blood Cell Release Of ATP Prevents Endothelial Adhesion: Implications For Post-Transfusion Lung Dysfunction.” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 183 (January 1, 2011).
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  - Brahmajothi, Mulugu V., S Nicholas Mason, A Richard Whorton, Timothy J. McMahon, and Richard L. Auten. “Transport rather than diffusion-dependent route for nitric oxide gas activity in alveolar epithelium.” Free Radic Biol Med 49, no. 2 (July 15, 2010): 294–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.04.020.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J. “Functional and Biochemical Changes in Stored Human Red Blood Cells.” Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 1355–1355.
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  - Granillo, Olivia M., Mulugu V. Brahmajothi, Sheng Li, A Richard Whorton, S Nicholas Mason, Timothy J. McMahon, and Richard L. Auten. “Pulmonary alveolar epithelial uptake of S-nitrosothiols is regulated by L-type amino acid transporter.” Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 295, no. 1 (July 2008): L38–43. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00280.2007.
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  - Bennett-Guerrero, Elliott, Tim H. Veldman, Allan Doctor, Marilyn J. Telen, Thomas L. Ortel, T Scott Reid, Melissa A. Mulherin, et al. “Evolution of adverse changes in stored RBCs.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104, no. 43 (October 23, 2007): 17063–68. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0708160104.
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  - Sonveaux, Pierre, Irina I. Lobysheva, Olivier Feron, and Timothy J. McMahon. “Transport and peripheral bioactivities of nitrogen oxides carried by red blood cell hemoglobin: role in oxygen delivery.” Physiology (Bethesda) 22 (April 2007): 97–112. https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00042.2006.
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  - Du, Wanglei, Timothy J. McMahon, Zhu-Shan Zhang, Jonathan A. Stiber, Gerhard Meissner, and Jerry P. Eu. “Excitation-contraction coupling in airway smooth muscle.” J Biol Chem 281, no. 40 (October 6, 2006): 30143–51. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M606541200.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J., and Allan Doctor. “Extrapulmonary effects of inhaled nitric oxide: role of reversible S-nitrosylation of erythrocytic hemoglobin.” Proc Am Thorac Soc 3, no. 2 (April 2006): 153–60. https://doi.org/10.1513/pats.200507-066BG.
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  - Sonveaux, Pierre, Timothy J. McMahon, Jonathan S. Stamler, Olivier Feron, and Mark W. Dewhirst. “Oxygen regulation of tumor perfusion by S-nitrosohemoglobin: Implications for radiotherapy.” Acta Clinica Belgica 61, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 95–95.
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  - Roggli, Victor L., Claude A. Piantadosi, Neil R. MacIntyre, Stephen L. Young, Peter S. Kussin, Mark P. Steele, Martha Sue Carraway, et al. “Physician subsidies for tobacco advertising.” Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173, no. 2 (January 15, 2006): 246. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.173.2.246.
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  - Nozik-Grayck, Eva, Erin J. Whalen, Jonathan S. Stamler, Timothy J. McMahon, Pasquale Chitano, and Claude A. Piantadosi. “S-nitrosoglutathione inhibits alpha1-adrenergic receptor-mediated vasoconstriction and ligand binding in pulmonary artery.” Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 290, no. 1 (January 2006): L136–43. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00230.2005.
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  - Du, Wanglei, Melissa Frazier, Timothy J. McMahon, and Jerry P. Eu. “Redox activation of intracellular calcium release channels (ryanodine receptors) in the sustained phase of hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction.” Chest 128, no. 6 Suppl (December 2005): 556S-558S. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.128.6_suppl.556S.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J., Gregory S. Ahearn, Martin P. Moya, Andrew J. Gow, Yuh-Chin T. Huang, Benjamin P. Luchsinger, Raphael Nudelman, et al. “A nitric oxide processing defect of red blood cells created by hypoxia: deficiency of S-nitrosohemoglobin in pulmonary hypertension.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, no. 41 (October 11, 2005): 14801–6. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506957102.
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  - Brandler, Michael D., Steven C. Powell, Damian M. Craig, George Quick, Timothy J. McMahon, Ronald N. Goldberg, and Jonathan S. Stamler. “A novel inhaled organic nitrate that affects pulmonary vascular tone in a piglet model of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.” Pediatr Res 58, no. 3 (September 2005): 531–36. https://doi.org/10.1203/01.PDR.0000179399.64025.37.
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  - Sonveaux, Pierre, Andrew M. Kaz, Stacey A. Snyder, Rachel A. Richardson, L Isabel Cárdenas-Navia, Rodney D. Braun, John R. Pawloski, et al. “Oxygen regulation of tumor perfusion by S-nitrosohemoglobin reveals a pressor activity of nitric oxide.” Circ Res 96, no. 10 (May 27, 2005): 1119–26. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.0000168740.04986.a7.
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  - Doctor, Allan, Ruth Platt, Mary Lynn Sheram, Anne Eischeid, Timothy McMahon, Thomas Maxey, Joseph Doherty, et al. “Hemoglobin conformation couples erythrocyte S-nitrosothiol content to O2 gradients.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, no. 16 (April 19, 2005): 5709–14. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0407490102.
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  - Liu, Limin, Yun Yan, Ming Zeng, Jian Zhang, Martha A. Hanes, Gregory Ahearn, Timothy J. McMahon, et al. “Essential roles of S-nitrosothiols in vascular homeostasis and endotoxic shock.” Cell 116, no. 4 (February 20, 2004): 617–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00131-x.
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  - McMahon, T. J. “Hemoglobin and nitric oxide.” New England Journal of Medicine 349, no. 4 (July 24, 2003): 403–403.
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  - Stamler, Jonathan S. “Hemoglobin and nitric oxide.” N Engl J Med 349, no. 4 (July 24, 2003): 402–5. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200307243490419.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J., John R. Pawloski, Douglas T. Hess, Claude A. Piantadosi, Benjamin P. Luchsinger, David J. Singel, and Jonathan S. Stamler. “S-nitrosohemoglobin is distinguished from other nitrosovasodilators by unique oxygen-dependent responses that support an allosteric mechanism of action.” Blood 102, no. 1 (July 1, 2003): 410–11. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2003-04-1058.
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  - Foster, Matthew W., Timothy J. McMahon, and Jonathan S. Stamler. “S-nitrosylation in health and disease.” Trends Mol Med 9, no. 4 (April 2003): 160–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1471-4914(03)00028-5.
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  - McMahon, Timothy J., Richard E. Moon, Ben P. Luschinger, Martha S. Carraway, Anne E. Stone, Bryant W. Stolp, Andrew J. Gow, et al. “Nitric oxide in the human respiratory cycle.” Nat Med 8, no. 7 (July 2002): 711–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm718.
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  - Nozik-Grayck, Eva, Timothy J. McMahon, Yuh-Chin T. Huang, Christine S. Dieterle, Jonathan S. Stamler, and Claude A. Piantadosi. “Pulmonary vasoconstriction by serotonin is inhibited by S-nitrosoglutathione.” Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 282, no. 5 (May 2002): L1057–65. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00081.2001.
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  - Archibald, J. D., H. J. Mummery, T. J. McMahon, C. A. Piantadosi, J. S. Stamler, H. El-Moalem, and R. E. Moon. “Time-related increase in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in humans.” Circulation 104, no. 17 (October 23, 2001): 249–249.
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  - McMahon, T. J., A. J. Gow, Y. C. T. Huang, J. R. Pawloski, and J. S. Stamler. “Modulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction by erythrocytic nitric oxide.” Circulation 104, no. 17 (October 23, 2001): 248–248.
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  - Moya, M. P., A. J. Gow, T. J. McMahon, E. J. Toone, I. M. Cheifetz, R. N. Goldberg, and J. S. Stamler. “S-nitrosothiol repletion by an inhaled gas regulates pulmonary function.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98, no. 10 (May 8, 2001): 5792–97. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.091109498.
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  - McMahon, T. J., A. J. Gow, M. P. Moya, R. E. Moon, V. F. Tapson, G. S. Ahearn, A. E. Stone, et al. “Nitric oxide in the respiratory cycle in human health and disease.” Free Radical Biology and Medicine 31 (January 1, 2001): S71–S71.
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  - Pawloski, J. R., D. T. Hess, T. J. McMahon, and J. S. Stamler. “Oxygen-dependent export of nitric oxide from red blood cells.” Blood 96, no. 11 (November 16, 2000): 596A-+.
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  - McMahon, T. J., A. E. Stone, J. Bonaventura, D. J. Singel, and J. S. Stamler. “Functional coupling of oxygen binding and vasoactivity in S-nitrosohemoglobin.” J Biol Chem 275, no. 22 (June 2, 2000): 16738–45. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M000532200.
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  - McMahon, T. J., A. E. Stone, J. Bonaventura, and J. S. Stamler. “S-nitrosylation of hemoglobin increases its oxygen affinity.” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 159, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): A352–A352.
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  - McMahon, T. J., A. E. Stone, J. Bonaventura, D. J. Singel, and J. S. Stamler. “Thermodynamic linkage relationships in S-nitrosohemoglobin: Oxygen binding and vasoactivity.” Free Radical Biology and Medicine 27 (January 1, 1999): S81–S81.
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  - McMahon, T. J., and J. S. Stamler. “Concerted nitric oxide/oxygen delivery by hemoglobin.” Methods Enzymol 301 (1999): 99–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(99)01073-3.
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  - Channon, K. M., H. Qian, V. Neplioueva, M. A. Blazing, E. Olmez, G. A. Shetty, S. A. Youngblood, et al. “In vivo gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase enhances vasomotor function in carotid arteries from normal and cholesterol-Fed rabbits.” Circulation 98, no. 18 (November 3, 1998): 1905–11. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.98.18.1905.
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  - Moon, R. E., P. L. Watke, B. W. Stolp, W. L. Lawler, G. D. Dear, B. B. Hart, P. W. Robertson, T. J. McMahon, M. S. Carraway, and C. S. Piantadosi. “The effect of hyperbaric oxygen on pulmonary vascular tone.” Anesthesiology 89, no. 3A (September 1, 1998): U1045–U1045.
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  - Gaston, B., S. Sears, J. Woods, J. Hunt, M. Ponaman, T. McMahon, and J. S. Stamler. “Bronchodilator S-nitrosothiol deficiency in asthmatic respiratory failure.” Lancet 351, no. 9112 (May 2, 1998): 1317–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(97)07485-0.
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  - Channon, K. M., H. S. Qian, V. Neplioueva, M. A. Blazing, E. Olmez, G. A. Shetty, J. Pawloski, T. Mc Mahon, J. S. Stamler, and S. E. George. “Nitric oxide synthase gene transfer corrects deficient endothelial vasmotor function in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits.” Heart 79, no. SUPPL. 1 (May 1, 1998).
  - Stamler, J. S., L. Jia, J. P. Eu, T. J. McMahon, I. T. Demchenko, J. Bonaventura, K. Gernert, and C. A. Piantadosi. “Blood flow regulation by S-nitrosohemoglobin in the physiological oxygen gradient.” Science 276, no. 5321 (June 27, 1997): 2034–37. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.276.5321.2034.
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  - Channon, K. M., M. A. Blazing, J. Pawloski, T. McMahon, E. Olmez, G. A. Shetty, J. S. Stamler, and S. E. George. “In vivo adenoviral gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase augments or restores vascular no production.” Heart 77, no. SUPPL. 1 (May 1, 1997).
  - DeWitt, B. J., D. Y. Cheng, T. J. McMahon, J. R. Marrone, H. C. Champion, and P. J. Kandowitz. “Effects of U-37883A, a vascular selective KATP+ channel antagonist, in the pulmonary and hindlimb circulation.” Am J Physiol 271, no. 6 Pt 1 (December 1996): L924–31. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1996.271.6.L924.
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  - Dewitt, B. J., D. Y. Cheng, T. J. McMahon, J. R. Marrone, H. C. Champion, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Effects of U-37883A, a vascular selective K⁺ATP channel antagonist, in the pulmonary and hindlimb circulation.” American Journal of Physiology 271, no. 6 PART 1 (January 1, 1996). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1996.271.6.l924.
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  - Minkes, R. K., J. A. Santiago, T. J. McMahon, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Role of K+ATP channels and EDRF in reactive hyperemia in the hindquarters vascular bed of cats.” Am J Physiol 269, no. 5 Pt 2 (November 1995): H1704–12. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1995.269.5.H1704.
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  - Cheng, D. Y., B. J. DeWitt, T. J. McMahon, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Comparative effects of L-NNA and alkyl esters of L-NNA on pulmonary vasodilator responses to ACh, BK, and SP.” Am J Physiol 266, no. 6 Pt 2 (June 1994): H2416–22. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.6.H2416.
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  - Cheng, D. Y., B. J. DeWitt, T. J. McMahon, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Comparison of pressor responses to angiotensin I, II, and III in pulmonary vascular bed of cats.” Am J Physiol 266, no. 6 Pt 2 (June 1994): H2247–55. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.6.H2247.
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  - DeWitt, B. J., D. Y. Cheng, T. J. McMahon, B. D. Nossaman, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Analysis of responses to bradykinin in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” Am J Physiol 266, no. 6 Pt 2 (June 1994): H2256–67. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.6.H2256.
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  - Cheng, D. Y., T. J. McMahon, B. J. Dewitt, G. C. Carroll, S. S. Lee, W. A. Murphy, K. G. Bitar, D. H. Coy, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Comparison of responses to pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptides 38 and 27 in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” Eur J Pharmacol 243, no. 1 (October 12, 1993): 79–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(93)90170-m.
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  - McMahon, T. J., J. S. Hood, B. D. Nossaman, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Analysis of responses to serotonin in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 75, no. 1 (July 1993): 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.1.93.
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  - McMahon, T. J., L. J. Ignarro, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Influence of Zaprinast on vascular tone and vasodilator responses in the cat pulmonary vascular bed.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 74, no. 4 (April 1993): 1704–11. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.4.1704.
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  - McMahon, T. J., and P. J. Kadowitz. “Analysis of responses to substance P in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” Am J Physiol 264, no. 2 Pt 2 (February 1993): H394–402. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1993.264.2.H394.
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  - Minkes, R. K., T. J. McMahon, T. R. Higuera, W. A. Murphy, D. H. Coy, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Analysis of systemic and pulmonary vascular responses to PACAP and VIP: role of adrenal catecholamines.” Am J Physiol 263, no. 6 Pt 2 (December 1992): H1659–69. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.6.H1659.
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  - McMahon, T. J., A. D. Kaye, J. S. Hood, R. K. Minkes, B. D. Nossaman, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Inhibitory effects of DuP 753 and EXP3174 on responses to angiotensin II in pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 73, no. 5 (November 1992): 2054–61. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.73.5.2054.
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  - McMahon, T. J., and P. J. Kadowitz. “Methylene blue inhibits neurogenic cholinergic vasodilator responses in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” Am J Physiol 263, no. 5 Pt 1 (November 1992): L575–84. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1992.263.5.L575.
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  - Tamura, D. Y., R. K. Minkes, J. A. Bellan, T. J. McMahon, D. B. McNamara, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Analysis of responses to big endothelin in the hindquarters vascular bed of the cat.” Can J Cardiol 8, no. 9 (November 1992): 954–60.
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  - Bellan, J. A., R. K. Minkes, J. S. Hood, T. J. McMahon, T. R. Higuera, B. D. Nossaman, D. B. McNamara, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Analysis of pulmonary and systemic vascular responses to platelet-activating factor in the cat.” Am J Physiol 263, no. 1 Pt 2 (July 1992): H234–43. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.1.H234.
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  - Hood, J. S., B. D. Nossaman, I. N. Ibrahim, T. J. McMahon, C. R. Babycos, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Daltroban blocks thromboxane responses in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 72, no. 6 (June 1992): 2305–10. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.72.6.2305.
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  - Nossaman, B. D., T. J. McMahon, M. S. Ragheb, I. N. Ibrahim, C. R. Babycos, J. S. Hood, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Blockade of thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor-mediated responses in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat by sulotroban.” Eur J Pharmacol 213, no. 1 (March 17, 1992): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(92)90225-s.
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  - McMahon, T. J., J. S. Hood, B. D. Nossaman, A. L. Hyman, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Characterization of thromboxane receptor blocking effects of SQ 29548 in the feline pulmonary vascular bed.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 72, no. 3 (March 1992): 1194–1200. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.72.3.1194.
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  - Minkes, R. K., T. J. McMahon, J. S. Hood, W. A. Murphy, D. H. Coy, D. B. McNamara, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Differential effects of PACAP and VIP on the pulmonary and hindquarters vascular beds of the cat.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 72, no. 3 (March 1992): 1212–17. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.72.3.1212.
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  - McMahon, T. J., J. S. Hood, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Pulmonary vasodilator response to vagal stimulation is blocked by N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester in the cat.” Circ Res 70, no. 2 (February 1992): 364–69. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.70.2.364.
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  - Bellan, J. A., R. K. Minkes, J. S. Hood, T. J. McMahon, T. R. Higuera, B. D. Nossaman, D. B. McNamara, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Analysis of pulmonary and systemic vascular responses to platelet- activating factor in the cat.” American Journal of Physiology Heart and Circulatory Physiology 263, no. 1 32-1 (January 1, 1992). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.1.h234.
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  - McMahon, T. J., J. S. Hood, B. D. Nossaman, I. N. Ibrahim, C. J. Feng, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Influence of SQ 30741 on thromboxane receptor-mediated responses in the feline pulmonary vascular bed.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 71, no. 5 (November 1991): 2012–18. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.5.2012.
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  - McMahon, T. J., J. S. Hood, J. A. Bellan, and P. J. Kadowitz. “N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester selectively inhibits pulmonary vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and bradykinin.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 71, no. 5 (November 1991): 2026–31. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.5.2026.
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  - McMahon, T. J., J. S. Hood, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Analysis of responses to sarafotoxin 6a and sarafotoxin 6c in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” J Appl Physiol (1985) 71, no. 5 (November 1991): 2019–25. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.5.2019.
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  - Minkes, R. K., J. A. Bellan, T. J. McMahon, D. B. McNamara, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Influence of SQ 29,548 on vasoconstrictor responses in the hindquarters vascular bed of the cat.” Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 44, no. 2 (October 1991): 83–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/0952-3278(91)90187-a.
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  - Hood, J. S., T. J. McMahon, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Influence of lemakalim on the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.” Eur J Pharmacol 202, no. 1 (September 4, 1991): 101–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(91)90260-w.
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  - Hood, J. S., T. J. McMahon, and P. J. Kadowitz. “Pulmonary vasodilator responses to RP 52891 are mediated by activation of a glibenclamide-sensitive K+ATP channel.” Eur J Pharmacol 202, no. 1 (September 4, 1991): 121–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(91)90265-r.
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  - Kadowitz, P. J., T. J. McMahon, J. S. Hood, C. J. Feng, R. K. Minkes, and M. C. Dyson. “Pulmonary vascular and airway responses to endothelin-1 are mediated by different mechanisms in the cat.” J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 17 Suppl 7 (1991): S374–77. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005344-199100177-00106.
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  - McMahon, T. J., J. S. Hood, J. A. Bellan, and P. J. Kadowitz. “N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester selectively inhibits pulmonary vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and bradykinin.” Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 5 (January 1, 1991): 2026–31.
- Conference Papers
  - Domowicz, D Lopez, J. A. Herbert, and T. J. McMahon. “Decreased ATP Export from Erythrocytes in Murine Sepsis.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 199. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2019.
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  - Zhu, H., I. Akosman, and T. J. McMahon. “Transfusion of Red Blood Cells in Mice with Endothelial Deletion of the S-Nitrosothiol Transporter LAT1.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 199. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2019.
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  - Gowdy, K. M., S. W. Reece, K. L. Cuddapah, B. Kilburg-Basnyat, C. Psaltis, A. Hondros, T. J. McMahon, T. Zeczycki, and R. M. Tighe. “CD163 Protects Against Ozone Increased Susceptibility to Bacterial Pneumonia.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 197. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2018.
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  - Swaminathan, A., Y. Lokhnygina, H. Zhu, K. Kennedy, S. N. Mason, Z. Kelleher, B. Fee, A. Poms, V. F. Tapson, and T. J. McMahon. “Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Symmetric Dimethylarginine as Novel Biomarkers in Patients with Pulmonary (Arterial) Hypertension.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 197. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2018.
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  - Dosier, L. B. M., H. Zhu, H. Zhang, G. Palmer, and T. J. McMahon. “The Role Of L-Amino Acid Transporter (lat-1) In The Hypoxia-Induced Export Of Anti-Adhesive S-Nitrosothiols (snos).” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 195. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2017.
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  - Zhu, H., S. E. Hill, J. Caswell, and T. J. McMahon. “Red Blood Cell Hemoglobin-Bound Nitric Oxide In Human Blood Stored For Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution (anh).” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 195. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2017.
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  - Dosier, L. B. M., H. Zhu, and T. J. McMahon. “Inhibition Of L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (lat-1) Export Of S-Nitrosothiols (sno) Promotes Red Blood Cell Adhesion To Endothelial Cells.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 193. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2016.
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  - Swaminathan, A. C., A. Poms, K. Kennedy, H. Zhu, E. Gaspard, T. A. Fortin, J. Senick, et al. “Toward Theranostic Biomarkers In Pulmonary Hypertension.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 193. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2016.
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  - Zhu, H., D. Riccio, B. Kirby, and T. J. McMahon. “Effect Of Red Blood Cell Atp Augmentation On Post-Transfusion Rbc Extravasation And Changes In Oxygenation In LPS-Exposed Mice.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 187. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2013.
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  - Riccio, Daniel A., and Timothy J. McMahon. “Reversing a red blood cell storage (RBCS) lesion: S-Nitrosothiol replenishment in aged RBCS.” In Nitric Oxide, 27:S30–S30. Elsevier BV, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2012.04.106.
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  - Sonveaux, P., O. Feron, T. J. McMahon, J. S. Stamler, and M. W. Dewhirst. “C34. Oxygen regulation of tumor perfusion unravels the central pressor activity of cell-free human S-nitrosohemoglobin.” In Nitric Oxide, 17:28–28. Elsevier BV, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2007.09.079.
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  - Pawloski, John R., Timothy J. McMahon, Greg Ahearne, Claude A. Piantadosi, David J. Singel, and Jonathan S. Stamler. “Hypoxic Vasodilation by Red Blood Cells and Impairment in Vascular Disorders.” In Blood, 104:1585–1585. American Society of Hematology, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1585.1585.
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  - Pawloski, John R., Timothy J. McMahon, Martin P. Moya, Andrew J. Gow, Yuh-Chin T. Huang, Benjamin J. Luchsinger, Abigail D. Krichman, et al. “Red Blood Cell S-Nitrosohemoglobin Deficiency in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.” In Blood, 104:1583–1583. American Society of Hematology, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1583.1583.
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  - Liu, L. M., Y. Yan, M. Zeng, J. Zhang, M. A. Hanes, G. Ahearn, T. J. McMahon, et al. “Essential roles of S-nitrosothiols in vascular homeostasis and endotoxic shock.” In Nitric Oxide Biology and Chemistry, 11:39–39. ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2004.
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Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
- MEDICINE 406C: Intensive Care Medicine Sub-Internship (Durham VA Hospital) 2020
- MEDICINE 406C: Intensive Care Medicine Sub-Internship (Durham VA Hospital) 2019
Advising & Mentoring
Available to mentor:
- Fellow
- PhD
- Professional
Teaching Activities
- Medical Physiology, Respiratory Section. Duke SOM.

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Advising & Mentoring

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Teaching Activities