Walter Neal Simmons | Scholars@Duke

Walter Neal Simmons
Gendell Family Professor of the Practice

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Gendell Family Professor of the Practice, Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2017
Professor of the Practice in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2017
Faculty Network Member of The Energy Initiative, Nicholas Institute-Energy Initiative, Initiatives 2012

Contact Information

309 Hudson Hall, Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708
309 Hudson Hall, Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708-0302
wns@duke.edu (919) 660-5297

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Duke University 2001
- B.S.E., Bucknell University 1998
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Associate Professor of the Practice in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2012 - 2017
- Gendell Family Associate Professor of the Practice, Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2012 - 2017
- Assistant Research Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2011 - 2012
- Assistant Research Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2007 - 2011
Recognition
Awards & Honors
- Klein Family Distinguished Teaching Award. Pratt School of Engineering. 2012
Research
Selected Grants
- High Sensitivity Low Cost Solid State Neutron Detection awarded by US Department of Homeland Security 2014 - 2019
- DMREF: GOALI: Collaborative Research: High-Throughput Simulations and Experiments to Develop Metallic Glasses awarded by National Science Foundation 2014 - 2018
- An Assessment of Working Channel Damage by the FlexivaTracTipTM Holmium Laser Fiber awarded by Boston Scientific Corporation 2015 - 2017
- Innovations in Shock Wave Lithotripsy Technology awarded by National Institutes of Health 1997 - 2010
- Carbon Ionic Conductors for Use in Novel Carbon-ion Fuel Cells awarded by Department of Energy 2003 - 2005
External Relationships
- Eagle Creek Renewables
- GRIID
- OPG
- Terrasimco
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Tran, Sabrina, Junqin Chen, Gunnar Kozel, Eric T. Chang, Trina Phung, Yanxi Peng, Zachary Dionise, et al. “Development of an optically transparent kidney model for laser lithotripsy research.” Bju Int, March 29, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.16015.
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  - Dale, Joanne, Adam G. Kaplan, Daniela Radvak, Richard Shin, Anika Ackerman, Tony Chen, Charles D. Scales, et al. “Evaluation of a Novel Single-Use Flexible Ureteroscope.” J Endourol 35, no. 6 (June 2021): 903–7. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2016.0237.
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  - Wollin, Daniel A., Westin R. Tom, Ruiyang Jiang, W Neal Simmons, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “An in vitro evaluation of laser settings and location in the efficiency of the popcorn effect.” Urolithiasis 47, no. 4 (August 2019): 377–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-018-1066-6.
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  - Carlos, Evan C., Jingqiu Li, Brian J. Young, Daniela Radvak, Daniel A. Wollin, Brenton B. Winship, Walter Neal Simmons, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Let's Get to the Point: Comparing Insertion Characteristics and Scope Damage of Flat-Tip and Ball-Tip Holmium Laser Fibers.” J Endourol 33, no. 1 (January 2019): 22–26. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2018.0229.
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  - Winship, Brenton, Daniel Wollin, Evan Carlos, Jingqiu Li, Chloe Peters, W Neal Simmons, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael Lipkin. “Dusting Efficiency of the Moses Holmium Laser: An Automated In Vitro Assessment.” J Endourol 32, no. 12 (December 2018): 1131–35. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2018.0660.
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  - Carlos, Evan C., Daniel A. Wollin, Brenton B. Winship, Ruiyang Jiang, Daniela Radvak, Ben H. Chew, Michael R. Gustafson, et al. “In Vitro Comparison of a Novel Single Probe Dual-Energy Lithotripter to Current Devices.” J Endourol 32, no. 6 (June 2018): 534–40. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2018.0143.
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  - Wollin, Daniel A., Evan C. Carlos, Westin R. Tom, W Neal Simmons, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Effect of Laser Settings and Irrigation Rates on Ureteral Temperature During Holmium Laser Lithotripsy, an In Vitro Model.” J Endourol 32, no. 1 (January 2018): 59–63. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2017.0658.
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  - Tom, Westin R., Daniel A. Wollin, Ruiyang Jiang, Daniela Radvak, Walter Neal Simmons, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Next-Generation Single-Use Ureteroscopes: An In Vitro Comparison.” J Endourol 31, no. 12 (December 2017): 1301–6. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2017.0447.
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  - Xing, Yifei, Tony T. Chen, Walter N. Simmons, Georgy Sankin, Franklin H. Cocks, Michael E. Lipkin, Glenn M. Preminger, and Pei Zhong. “Comparison of Broad vs Narrow Focal Width Lithotripter Fields.” J Endourol 31, no. 5 (May 2017): 502–9. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2016.0560.
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  - Wollin, Daniel A., Anika Ackerman, Chen Yang, Tony Chen, Walter Neal Simmons, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Variable Pulse Duration From a New Holmium:YAG Laser: The Effect on Stone Comminution, Fiber Tip Degradation, and Retropulsion in a Dusting Model.” Urology 103 (May 2017): 47–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2017.01.007.
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  - Kaplan, Adam G., Tony T. Chen, Georgy Sankin, Chen Yang, Joanne A. Dale, W Neal Simmons, Pei Zhong, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael Eric Lipkin. “Comparison of the Nanopulse Lithotripter to the Holmium Laser: Stone Fragmentation Efficiency and Impact on Flexible Ureteroscope Deflection and Flow.” J Endourol 30, no. 11 (November 2016): 1150–54. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2016.0228.
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  - Perim, Eric, Dongwoo Lee, Yanhui Liu, Cormac Toher, Pan Gong, Yanglin Li, W Neal Simmons, et al. “Spectral descriptors for bulk metallic glasses based on the thermodynamics of competing crystalline phases.” Nature Communications 7 (August 2016): 12315. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12315.
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  - Shin, Richard H., Jaclyn M. Lautz, Fernando J. Cabrera, Constandi John Shami, Zachariah G. Goldsmith, Nicholas J. Kuntz, Adam G. Kaplan, et al. “Evaluation of Novel Ball-Tip Holmium Laser Fiber: Impact on Ureteroscope Performance and Fragmentation Efficiency.” J Endourol 30, no. 2 (February 2016): 189–94. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2015.0300.
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  - Neisius, Andreas, Nathan B. Smith, Georgy Sankin, Nicholas John Kuntz, John Francis Madden, Daniel E. Fovargue, Sorin Mitran, et al. “Improving the lens design and performance of a contemporary electromagnetic shock wave lithotripter.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111, no. 13 (April 1, 2014): E1167–75. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1319203111.
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  - Mancini, John G., Andreas Neisius, Nathan Smith, Georgy Sankin, Gaston M. Astroza, Michael E. Lipkin, W Neal Simmons, Glenn M. Preminger, and Pei Zhong. “Assessment of a modified acoustic lens for electromagnetic shock wave lithotripters in a swine model.” J Urol 190, no. 3 (September 2013): 1096–1101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.074.
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  - Fovargue, Daniel E., Sorin Mitran, Nathan B. Smith, Georgy N. Sankin, Walter N. Simmons, and Pei Zhong. “Experimentally validated multiphysics computational model of focusing and shock wave formation in an electromagnetic lithotripter.” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 134, no. 2 (August 2013): 1598–1609. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4812881.
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  - Wang, Agnes J., Zachariah G. Goldsmith, Andreas Neisius, Gaston M. Astroza, Olugbemisola Oredein-McCoy, Muhammad W. Iqbal, W Neal Simmons, et al. “Increasing dwell time of mitomycin C in the upper tract with a reverse thermosensitive polymer.” J Endourol 27, no. 3 (March 2013): 288–93. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2012.0211.
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  - Wang, Agnes J., Gregory T. Baldwin, James C. Gabriel, F Hadley Cocks, Zachariah G. Goldsmith, Muhammad W. Iqbal, Gaston M. Astroza, et al. “In-vitro assessment of a new portable ballistic lithotripter with percutaneous and ureteroscopic models.” J Endourol 26, no. 11 (November 2012): 1500–1505. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2012.0278.
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  - Goldsmith, Zachariah G., Gastón M. Astroza, Agnes J. Wang, W Neal Simmons, Muhammad W. Iqbal, Michael E. Lipkin, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael N. Ferrandino. “Optical performance comparison of deflectable laparoscopes for laparoendoscopic single-site surgery.” J Endourol 26, no. 10 (October 2012): 1340–45. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2012.0140.
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  - Lipkin, Michael E., John G. Mancini, Greta Toncheva, Agnes J. Wang, Colin Anderson-Evans, W Neal Simmons, Michael N. Ferrandino, Terry T. Yoshizumi, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Organ-specific radiation dose rates and effective dose rates during percutaneous nephrolithotomy.” J Endourol 26, no. 5 (May 2012): 439–43. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2011.0178.
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  - Neal Simmons, W., and F. H. Cocks. “Carbon diffusion in lanthanum erbium carbide stabilized in the cubic fluorite structure.” Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion 33, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 85–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-012-0003-6.
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  - Smith, N., G. N. Sankin, W. N. Simmons, R. Nanke, J. Fehre, and P. Zhong. “A comparison of light spot hydrophone and fiber optic probe hydrophone for lithotripter field characterization.” Rev Sci Instrum 83, no. 1 (January 2012): 014301. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3678638.
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  - Zhong, P., N. Smith, N. W. Simmons, and G. Sankin. “A new acoustic lens design for electromagnetic shock wave lithotripters.” Aip Conference Proceedings 1359 (October 13, 2011): 42–47. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3607880.
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  - Yong, Daniel Z., Michael E. Lipkin, W Neal Simmons, Georgy Sankin, David M. Albala, Pei Zhong, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Optimization of treatment strategy used during shockwave lithotripsy to maximize stone fragmentation efficiency.” J Endourol 25, no. 9 (September 2011): 1507–11. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2010.0732.
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  - Lipkin, Michael E., John G. Mancini, W Neal Simmons, Maria E. Raymundo, Daniel Z. Yong, Agnes J. Wang, Michael N. Ferrandino, David M. Albala, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Pathologic evaluation of hemostatic agents in percutaneous nephrolithotomy tracts in a porcine model.” J Endourol 25, no. 8 (August 2011): 1353–57. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2011.0041.
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  - Zilberman, D. E., M. E. Lipkin, M. N. Ferrandino, W. N. Simmons, J. G. Mancini, M. E. Raymundo, P. Zhong, and G. M. Preminger. “The digital flexible ureteroscope: In vitro assessment of optical characteristics.” International Braz J Urol 37, no. 3 (May 1, 2011): 398. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-55382011000300015.
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  - Zilberman, Dorit E., Michael E. Lipkin, Michael N. Ferrandino, Walter Neal Simmons, John G. Mancini, Maria E. Raymundo, Pei Zhong, and Glenn M. Preminger. “The digital flexible ureteroscope: in vitro assessment of optical characteristics.” J Endourol 25, no. 3 (March 2011): 519–22. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2010.0206.
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  - Esch, Eric, Walter Neal Simmons, Georgy Sankin, Hadley F. Cocks, Glenn M. Preminger, and Pei Zhong. “A simple method for fabricating artificial kidney stones of different physical properties.” Urol Res 38, no. 4 (August 2010): 315–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-010-0298-x.
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  - Qin, Jun, W Neal Simmons, Georgy Sankin, and Pei Zhong. “Effect of lithotripter focal width on stone comminution in shock wave lithotripsy.” J Acoust Soc Am 127, no. 4 (April 2010): 2635–45. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3308409.
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  - Ferrandino, Michael N., Sean A. Pierre, Walter Neal Simmons, Erik K. Paulson, David M. Albala, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Dual-energy computed tomography with advanced postimage acquisition data processing: improved determination of urinary stone composition.” J Endourol 24, no. 3 (March 2010): 347–54. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2009.0193.
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  - Simmons, W. N., F. H. Cocks, P. Zhong, and Glenn Preminger. “A composite kidney stone phantom with mechanical properties controllable over the range of human kidney stones.” J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 3, no. 1 (January 2010): 130–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2009.08.004.
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  - Gustafson, M., R. Simmons, W. N. Simmons, M. Ehrenfried, and T. Laursen. “A hands-on approach to computational methods in engineering.” Asee Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, September 1, 2009.
  - Qin, J., W. N. Simmons, G. Sankin, and P. Zhong. “Effect of beam size on stone comminution in shock wave lithotripsy.” Aip Conference Proceedings 1113 (July 21, 2009): 337–41. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3131443.
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  - Boll, Daniel T., Neil A. Patil, Erik K. Paulson, Elmar M. Merkle, W Neal Simmons, Sean A. Pierre, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Renal stone assessment with dual-energy multidetector CT and advanced postprocessing techniques: improved characterization of renal stone composition--pilot study.” Radiology 250, no. 3 (March 2009): 813–20. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2503080545.
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  - Pierre, Sean A., Michael N. Ferrandino, W Neal Simmons, Christina Fernandez, Pei Zhong, David M. Albala, and Glenn M. Preminger. “High definition laparoscopy: objective assessment of performance characteristics and comparison with standard laparoscopy.” J Endourol 23, no. 3 (March 2009): 523–28. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2008.0277.
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  - Fuh, Eric, George E. Haleblian, Regina D. Norris, W David M. Albala, Neal Simmons, Pei Zhong, and Glenn M. Preminger. “The effect of frequency doubled double pulse Nd:YAG laser fiber proximity to the target stone on transient cavitation and acoustic emission.” J Urol 177, no. 4 (April 2007): 1542–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.11.078.
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  - Qin, J., W. N. Simmons, and P. Zhong. “Comparison of stone comminution produced by two different reflector configurations in an HM-3 lithotripter.” Asme International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (Imece) 2 (January 1, 2007): 281–84. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2007-43061.
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  - Smith, N., W. N. Simmons, G. N. Sankin, and P. Zhong. “Effects of tandem pulse on stone comminution in an electromagnetic shock wave lithotripter.” Asme International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (Imece) 2 (January 1, 2007): 303–5. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2007-43582.
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  - Sankin, G. N., W. N. Simmons, S. L. Zhu, and P. Zhong. “Shock wave interaction with laser-generated single bubbles.” Physical Review Letters 95, no. 3 (July 2005): 034501. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.95.034501.
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  - Cocks, F. H., C. M. Harman, P. A. Klenk, and W. N. Summons. “Hypervelocity launching and frozen fuels as a major contribution to spaceflight.” Jbis Journal British Interplanetary Society 58, no. 1–2 (January 1, 2005): 2–8.
  - Cocks, F. H., P. A. Klenk, S. A. Watkins, W. N. Simmons, J. C. Cocks, E. E. Cocks, and J. C. Sussingham. “Lunar ice: Adsorbed water on subsurface polar dust.” Icarus 160, no. 2 (January 1, 2002): 386–97. https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2002.6972.
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  - Virgin, L. N., J. M. Nichols, W. N. Simmons, and R. H. Plaut. “On the response of a shaken cable-suspended mass.” Proceedings of the Asme Design Engineering Technical Conference 6 B (December 1, 2001): 2109–13.
- Book Sections
  - Xing, Y., E. C. Pua, W. Neal Simmons, F. Hadley Cocks, M. Ferrandino, G. M. Preminger, and P. Zhong. “Biological effects produced by high-energy shock waves.” In Urinary Tract Stone Disease, 279–91, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-362-0_24.
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- Other Articles
  - Leitao, V. A., W. N. Simmons, A. Chandrashekar, J. Leonardy, S. A. Pierre, G. E. Haleblian, M. Ferradino, M. R. Robinson, P. Zhong, and G. M. Preminger. “Comparison of comminution and stone clearance between intracorporeal lithotripters.” Journal of Endourology. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, October 1, 2007.
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  - Leitao, V. A., W. N. Simmons, Y. Zhou, J. Qin, F. H. Cocks, J. Fehre, B. Granz, R. Nanke, G. M. Preminger, and P. Zhong. “In vitro comparison between HM-3 and MODULARIS lithotripters.” Aip Conference Proceedings, January 1, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2723599.
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  - Leitao, V. A., W. N. Simmons, Y. Zhou, J. Qin, G. Sankin, F. H. Cocks, J. Fehre, et al. “Comparison of Light Spot Hydrophone (LSHD) and Fiber Optic Probe Hydrophone (FOPH) for lithotripter field characterization.” Aip Conference Proceedings, January 1, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2723600.
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- Conference Papers
  - Sankin, G. N., J. M. Lautz, W. N. Simmons, P. Zhong, S. T. Frank, and A. J. Szeri. “Elimination of cavitation-related attenuation in shock wave lithotripsy.” In Aip Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1821, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4977638.
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  - Goldsmith, Z. G., S. Rai, A. Neisius, G. M. Astroza, A. J. Wang, M. W. Iqbal, W. N. Simmons, G. M. Preminger, and M. E. Lipkin. “Effects of holmium: YAG laser energy settings on fiber tip degradation.” In British Journal of Surgery, 100:69–69. WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2013.
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  - Goldsmith, Zachariah G., Gaston M. Astroza, Agnes J. Wang, W Neal Simmons, Muhammad W. Iqbal, Michael E. Lipkin, Glenn M. Preminger, Michael N. Ferrandino, and Andreas Neisius. “OPTICAL PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF DEFLECTABLE LAPAROSCOPES FOR LAPAROENDOSCOPIC SINGLE-SITE SURGERY.” In Journal of Endourology, 26:A37–38. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2012.
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  - Goldsmith, Zachariah G., Samarprit Rai, Andreas Neisius, Gaston M. Astroza, Agnes J. Wang, Muhammad W. Iqbal, W Neal Simmons, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “EFFECTS OF HOLMIUM: YAG LASER ENERGY SETTINGS ON FIBER TIP DEGRADATION.” In Journal of Endourology, 26:A25–A25. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2012.
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  - Wang, Agnes J., Gaston Astroza, Mark Palmeri, W Neal Simmons, Michael N. Ferrandino, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “ACOUSTIC RADIATION FORCE IMPULSE ULTRASOUND IMAGING FOR THE EVALUATION OF DISTAL URETERAL STONES IN A PHANTOM MODEL.” In Journal of Endourology, 25:A18–19. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2011.
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  - Wang, Agnes J., Gregory T. Baldwin, Gavin McAlister, James C. Gabriel, F Hadley Cocks, W Neal Simmons, Michael E. Lipkin, Michael N. Ferrandino, Glenn M. Preminger, and Pei Zhong. “IN-VITRO ASSESSMENT OF A NEW PORTABLE BALLISTIC LITHOTRIPTER WITH PERCUTANEOUS AND URETEROSCOPIC MODELS.” In Journal of Endourology, 25:A101–A101. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2011.
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  - Wang, Agnes J., Nathan B. Smith, Gregory T. Baldwin, Gaston M. Astroza, Muhammad Iqbal, Zachariah G. Goldsmith, F Hadley Cocks, et al. “ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF RESPIRATORY MOTION ON STONE COMMINUTION DURING SWL IN AN IN VITRO MODEL.” In Journal of Endourology, 25:A290–A290. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2011.
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  - Lipkin, M. E., J. G. Mancini, D. E. Zilberman, M. E. M. Raymundo, D. Z. Yong, A. Wang, W. N. Simmons, M. N. Ferrandino, D. M. Albala, and G. M. Preminger. “USE OF HEMOSTATIC AGENTS IN PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY TRACTS REDUCES URINE LEAK RATE IN A PORCINE MODEL.” In Journal of Endourology, 24:A19–A19. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2010.
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  - Mancini, J. G., W. N. Simmons, M. E. M. Raymundo, D. Z. Yong, M. E. Lipkin, A. Wang, M. N. Ferrandino, P. Zhong, and G. M. Preminger. “IN VIVO STONE FRAGMENTATION AND TISSUE INJURY PRODUCED BY A NEW ACOUSTIC LENS FOR A SIEMENS LITHOTRIPTER.” In Journal of Endourology, 24:A20–A20. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2010.
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  - Raymundo, M. E. M., J. G. Mancini, W. N. Simmons, M. N. Ferrandino, M. E. Lipkin, D. Z. Yong, and G. M. Preminger. “IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF FRAGMENTATION AND RETROPULSION IN A NEW PNEUMATIC LITHOTRIPSY DEVICE.” In Journal of Endourology, 24:A7–A7. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2010.
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  - Yong, D. Z., J. G. Mancini, M. E. M. Raymundo, M. E. Lipkin, D. E. Zilberman, M. N. Ferrandino, A. Wang, W. N. Simmons, P. Zhong, and G. M. Preminger. “OPTIMIZATION OF TREATMENT STRATEGY EMPLOYED DURING SWL TO MAXIMIZE STONE FRAGMENTATION EFFICIENCY.” In Journal of Endourology, 24:A19–A19. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2010.
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  - Gustafson, M., R. Simmons, W. N. Simmons, M. Ehrenfried, and T. Laursen. “A hands-on approach to computational methods in engineering.” In Asee Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, 2009.
  - Leitao, V. A., W. N. Simmons, J. Qin, F. H. Cocks, G. M. Preminger, and P. Zhong. “The effect of beam size on stone comminution in SWL.” In Journal of Endourology, 21:A246–A246. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2007.
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  - Simmons, W. N., V. A. Leitao, J. Qin, G. E. Haleblian, S. A. Pierre, M. Ferradino, F. H. Cocks, G. M. Preminger, and P. Zhong. “New stone holders for in-vitro characterization of shock wave lithotripters.” In Journal of Endourology, 21:A247–48. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2007.
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  - Zhou, Yufeng, Jun Qin, W Neal Simmons, George E. Haleblian, Georgii N. Sankin, Franklin H. Cocks, Sean A. Pierre, Glenn M. Preminger, and Pei Zhong. “In vitro comparison of electrohydraulic and electromagnetic shock wave lithotripters.” In Journal of Endourology, 20:A83–A83. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2006.
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  - Cocks, F. H., P. A. Klenk, and W. N. Simmons. “Development of an X-ray transmitting catheter.” In Proceedings of the 7th Joint Conference on Information Sciences, edited by S. H. Chen, H. D. Cheng, D. K. Y. Chiu, S. Das, R. Duro, E. E. Kerre, H. V. Leong, et al., 1433–36. ASSOC INTELLIGENT MACHINERY, 2003.
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