High-fidelity optical reporting of neuronal electrical activity with an ultrafast fluorescent voltage sensor.
Accurate optical reporting of electrical activity in genetically defined neuronal populations is a long-standing goal in neuroscience. We developed Accelerated Sensor of Action Potentials 1 (ASAP1), a voltage sensor design in which a circularly permuted green fluorescent protein is inserted in an extracellular loop of a voltage-sensing domain, rendering fluorescence responsive to membrane potential. ASAP1 demonstrated on and off kinetics of ∼ 2 ms, reliably detected single action potentials and subthreshold potential changes, and tracked trains of action potential waveforms up to 200 Hz in single trials. With a favorable combination of brightness, dynamic range and speed, ASAP1 enables continuous monitoring of membrane potential in neurons at kilohertz frame rates using standard epifluorescence microscopy.
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- Zebrafish
- Xenopus laevis
- Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging
- Time Factors
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Rats
- Pregnancy
- Neurons
- Neurology & Neurosurgery
- Molecular Sequence Data
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- Zebrafish
- Xenopus laevis
- Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging
- Time Factors
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Rats
- Pregnancy
- Neurons
- Neurology & Neurosurgery
- Molecular Sequence Data