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Systemic medical management of diabetic retinopathy

Publication ,  Journal Article
Lingam, G; Wong, TY
Published in: Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology
October 1, 2013

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has assumed epidemic proportions and as a consequence, diabetic retinopathy is expected to be a major societal problem across the world. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) affects the vision by way of proliferative disease that results in vitreous hemorrhage and traction retinal detachment or by way of diabetic maculopathy (DME). The present-day management of diabetic retinopathy revolves around screening the diabetics for evidence of retinopathy and treating the retinopathy with laser photocoagulation. DME is treated with laser photocoagulation and/or intra- vitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents or steroids. Laser remains the mainstay of treatment and is potentially destructive. Systemic management aims at preventing or delaying the onset of retinopathy; reversing the early retinopathy; or delaying the progression of established retinopathy. Evidence from multiple studies has confirmed the protective role of rigid control of blood glucose and blood pressure. The evidence for lipid control versus maculopathy was less definitive. However, the use of fenofibrates (originally used for lowering serum lipids) has shown a benefit on both proliferative disease and maculopathy outside their lipid-lowering effect. Other drugs being tried are the Protein Kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, other peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) agonists, Forsoklin (which binds GLUT 1 receptor), minocycline (for its anti inflammatory effect), and Celecoxib (Cox-2 inhibitor).

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Published In

Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology

DOI

EISSN

0975-1599

ISSN

0974-9233

Publication Date

October 1, 2013

Volume

20

Issue

4

Start / End Page

301 / 308

Related Subject Headings

  • 3212 Ophthalmology and optometry
  • 1113 Opthalmology and Optometry
 

Citation

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Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Lingam, G., & Wong, T. Y. (2013). Systemic medical management of diabetic retinopathy. Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology, 20(4), 301–308. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-9233.120010
Lingam, G., and T. Y. Wong. “Systemic medical management of diabetic retinopathy.” Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology 20, no. 4 (October 1, 2013): 301–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-9233.120010.
Lingam G, Wong TY. Systemic medical management of diabetic retinopathy. Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology. 2013 Oct 1;20(4):301–8.
Lingam, G., and T. Y. Wong. “Systemic medical management of diabetic retinopathy.” Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 20, no. 4, Oct. 2013, pp. 301–08. Scopus, doi:10.4103/0974-9233.120010.
Lingam G, Wong TY. Systemic medical management of diabetic retinopathy. Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology. 2013 Oct 1;20(4):301–308.

Published In

Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology

DOI

EISSN

0975-1599

ISSN

0974-9233

Publication Date

October 1, 2013

Volume

20

Issue

4

Start / End Page

301 / 308

Related Subject Headings

  • 3212 Ophthalmology and optometry
  • 1113 Opthalmology and Optometry