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Peripheral refraction and refractive error in singapore chinese children.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Sng, CCA; Lin, X-Y; Gazzard, G; Chang, B; Dirani, M; Chia, A; Selvaraj, P; Ian, K; Drobe, B; Wong, T-Y; Saw, S-M
Published in: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
February 28, 2011

PURPOSE: Peripheral hyperopia was hypothesized to stimulate axial elongation. This study describes peripheral refraction and its associations with central refractive error in young Singapore Chinese children. METHODS: Two hundred fifty children aged 40 months or older recruited from the Strabismus, Amblyopia, and Refractive Error in Young Singapore Children study were included in this analysis. Peripheral refraction was measured after pupil dilation using an infrared autorefractor. A total of five measurements were captured: central visual axis and 15° and 30° eccentricities in the nasal and temporal visual fields. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants recruited was 83 ± 36 months. There were 37 children with high and moderate myopia (≤-3 D; 14.8%), 81 with low myopia (-2.99 to -0.5 D; 32.4%), 84 with emmetropia (-0.49 to 1.0 D; 33.6%), and 47 with hyperopia (>1.0 D; 18.8%). Compared with the central axis, children with high and moderate myopia had relative hyperopia at all peripheral eccentricities (P < 0.001), whereas children with low myopia had relative hyperopia only at the temporal and nasal 30° (P < 0.001), but not at the nasal and temporal 15°. Children with emmetropia and hyperopia had peripheral relative myopia at all eccentricities (P < 0.001). A significant correlation between the nasal and temporal refractive error at 30° was noted (Spearson's correlation coefficient = 0.85, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Young myopic Singapore Chinese children had relative hyperopia in the periphery. This study substantiates previous studies in older children and in Caucasian subjects.

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Published In

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

DOI

EISSN

1552-5783

Publication Date

February 28, 2011

Volume

52

Issue

2

Start / End Page

1181 / 1190

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Singapore
  • Refraction, Ocular
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry
  • Myopia
  • Male
  • Hyperopia
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Emmetropia
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Sng, C. C. A., Lin, X.-Y., Gazzard, G., Chang, B., Dirani, M., Chia, A., … Saw, S.-M. (2011). Peripheral refraction and refractive error in singapore chinese children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 52(2), 1181–1190. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.10-5601
Sng, Chelvin C. A., Xiao-Yu Lin, Gus Gazzard, Benjamin Chang, Mohamed Dirani, Audrey Chia, Prabakaran Selvaraj, et al. “Peripheral refraction and refractive error in singapore chinese children.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 52, no. 2 (February 28, 2011): 1181–90. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.10-5601.
Sng CCA, Lin X-Y, Gazzard G, Chang B, Dirani M, Chia A, et al. Peripheral refraction and refractive error in singapore chinese children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Feb 28;52(2):1181–90.
Sng, Chelvin C. A., et al. “Peripheral refraction and refractive error in singapore chinese children.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, vol. 52, no. 2, Feb. 2011, pp. 1181–90. Pubmed, doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5601.
Sng CCA, Lin X-Y, Gazzard G, Chang B, Dirani M, Chia A, Selvaraj P, Ian K, Drobe B, Wong T-Y, Saw S-M. Peripheral refraction and refractive error in singapore chinese children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Feb 28;52(2):1181–1190.

Published In

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

DOI

EISSN

1552-5783

Publication Date

February 28, 2011

Volume

52

Issue

2

Start / End Page

1181 / 1190

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Singapore
  • Refraction, Ocular
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry
  • Myopia
  • Male
  • Hyperopia
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Emmetropia
  • Cross-Sectional Studies