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A Practical and Time-Efficient High-Intensity Interval Training Program Modifies Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults with Risk Factors for Type II Diabetes.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Phillips, BE; Kelly, BM; Lilja, M; Ponce-González, JG; Brogan, RJ; Morris, DL; Gustafsson, T; Kraus, WE; Atherton, PJ; Vollaard, NBJ ...
Published in: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
2017

INTRODUCTION: Regular physical activity (PA) can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but adherence to time-orientated (150 min week-1 or more) PA guidelines is very poor. A practical and time-efficient PA regime that was equally efficacious at controlling risk factors for cardio-metabolic disease is one solution to this problem. Herein, we evaluate a new time-efficient and genuinely practical high-intensity interval training (HIT) protocol in men and women with pre-existing risk factors for type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred eighty-nine sedentary women (n = 101) and men (n = 88) with impaired glucose tolerance and/or a body mass index >27 kg m-2 [mean (range) age: 36 (18-53) years] participated in this multi-center study. Each completed a fully supervised 6-week HIT protocol at work-loads equivalent to ~100 or ~125% [Formula: see text]. Change in [Formula: see text] was used to monitor protocol efficacy, while Actiheart™ monitors were used to determine PA during four, weeklong, periods. Mean arterial (blood) pressure (MAP) and fasting insulin resistance [homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-IR] represent key health biomarker outcomes. RESULTS: The higher intensity bouts (~125% [Formula: see text]) used during a 5-by-1 min HIT protocol resulted in a robust increase in [Formula: see text] (136 participants, +10.0%, p < 0.001; large size effect). 5-by-1 HIT reduced MAP (~3%; p < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (~16%; p < 0.01). Physiological responses were similar in men and women while a sizeable proportion of the training-induced changes in [Formula: see text], MAP, and HOMA-IR was retained 3 weeks after cessation of training. The supervised HIT sessions accounted for the entire quantifiable increase in PA, and this equated to 400 metabolic equivalent (MET) min week-1. Meta-analysis indicated that 5-by-1 HIT matched the efficacy and variability of a time-consuming 30-week PA program on [Formula: see text], MAP, and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION: With a total time-commitment of <15 min per session and reliance on a practical ergometer protocol, 5-by-1 HIT offers a new solution to modulate cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with pre-existing risk factors for type 2 diabetes while approximately meeting the MET min week-1 PA guidelines. Long-term randomized controlled studies will be required to quantify the ability for 5-by-1 HIT to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes, while strategies are required to harmonize the adaptations to exercise across individuals.

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Published In

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)

DOI

ISSN

1664-2392

Publication Date

2017

Volume

8

Start / End Page

229

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • 3202 Clinical sciences
  • 1111 Nutrition and Dietetics
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences
 

Citation

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ICMJE
MLA
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Phillips, B. E., Kelly, B. M., Lilja, M., Ponce-González, J. G., Brogan, R. J., Morris, D. L., … Timmons, J. A. (2017). A Practical and Time-Efficient High-Intensity Interval Training Program Modifies Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults with Risk Factors for Type II Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 8, 229. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00229
Phillips, Bethan E., Benjamin M. Kelly, Mats Lilja, Jesús Gustavo Ponce-González, Robert J. Brogan, David L. Morris, Thomas Gustafsson, et al. “A Practical and Time-Efficient High-Intensity Interval Training Program Modifies Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults with Risk Factors for Type II Diabetes.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 8 (2017): 229. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00229.
Phillips BE, Kelly BM, Lilja M, Ponce-González JG, Brogan RJ, Morris DL, et al. A Practical and Time-Efficient High-Intensity Interval Training Program Modifies Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults with Risk Factors for Type II Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017;8:229.
Phillips, Bethan E., et al. “A Practical and Time-Efficient High-Intensity Interval Training Program Modifies Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults with Risk Factors for Type II Diabetes.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), vol. 8, 2017, p. 229. Pubmed, doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00229.
Phillips BE, Kelly BM, Lilja M, Ponce-González JG, Brogan RJ, Morris DL, Gustafsson T, Kraus WE, Atherton PJ, Vollaard NBJ, Rooyackers O, Timmons JA. A Practical and Time-Efficient High-Intensity Interval Training Program Modifies Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults with Risk Factors for Type II Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017;8:229.

Published In

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)

DOI

ISSN

1664-2392

Publication Date

2017

Volume

8

Start / End Page

229

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • 3202 Clinical sciences
  • 1111 Nutrition and Dietetics
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences