Does experience preclude leaks in laparoscopic gastric bypass?

BACKGROUND: Improved outcomes of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) have been demonstrated once pratice has moved beyond the learning curve. However, there is no evidence that experience has a favorable impact on the incidence of leaks. This study evaluated the incidence of staple-line leaks as experience accrued in a university-based bariatric surgery program. METHODS: Prospectively collected data on our first 200 patients undergoing LRYGB since July 1998 were analyzed. Linear staplers were used to divide the stomach and to create a side-to-side jejunojejunostomy. A side-to-side cardiojejunostomy was created using a 21-mm circular stapler. Patient characteristics, operative data, and outcomes were evaluated chronologically with comparison of outcomes between quartiles. RESULTS: Staple-line leaks developed in 9 (4.5%) of the first 200 patients undergoing LRYGB. Among the 200 patients were 190 women (95%). The median age of the patients was 48 years (ranges, 24-62 years), and their body mass index was 43 kg/m(2) (ranges, 32-59 kg/m(2)). As surgeons' experience increased over time, there was a significant increase in the weight of patients and the percentage of patients with previous abdominal operations. There also was a significant decrease in conversion rates and operative times. Leaks occurred in six patients at the cardiojejunostomy (3%), in two patients jejunojejunostomy (1%), and in one patient at the excluded stomach (0.5%). Of the 50 leaks that occurred in each quartile, there were in the 3 in the 1st quartile, 1 in the 2nd quartile, 2 in the 3rd quartile, 3 in the 4th quartile. The differences were not significant. There was no correlation between the number of LRYGBs, and the occurrence of a leak (p = 0.59 confidence interval -0.13-0.22). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of staple-line leaks appears to be independent of the number of LRYGBs performed. These data suggest that surgeons' experience may not eliminate anastomotic complications experienced by patients undergoing LRYGB.

Duke Scholars

Author Krista Lynn Haines Trauma, Acute, and Critical Care Surgery

Author Scott Farrell Gallagher Trauma, Acute, and Critical Care Surgery