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Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration on Visual Impairment and Functioning Among Adults in Singapore.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Wong, Y-L; Sabanayagam, C; Ding, Y; Wong, C-W; Yeo, AC-H; Cheung, Y-B; Cheung, G; Chia, A; Ohno-Matsui, K; Wong, T-Y; Wang, JJ; Cheng, C-Y ...
Published in: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
September 4, 2018

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence, risk factors, and impact of myopic macular degeneration (MMD) on visual impairment and functioning among adults in Singapore. METHODS: A comprehensive eye examination, including subjective refraction, axial length, and visual acuity (VA) measurements, was performed in adults aged ≥40 years in the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases (SEED) study. From fundus photographs, MMD was graded using the International META-PM classification. Vision-specific functioning (VSF) was assessed with a validated visual-functioning questionnaire (VF-11) using Rasch analysis. RESULTS: A total of 8716 phakic subjects were included in this analysis. The mean age (± SD) was 57.2 ± 9.5 years (33.5% Malays, 33.2% Indians, and 33.3% Chinese). The prevalence of myopia (spherical equivalent [SE] ≤ -0.5 diopters [D]) and high myopia (SE ≤ -5.0 D) was 35.7% and 6.0%, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence of MMD was 3.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4-4.3%). The prevalence of MMD was 7.7% among low to moderate myopes, and 28.7% among high myopes. The prevalence of MMD increased nonlinearly with SE and age. MMD was associated with older age, more myopic SE, and lower education. Subjects with Meta-PM categories 3 or 4 in the better-seeing eye had worse best-corrected VA (β, 0.19; 95%CI, 0.16-0.23) and poorer VSF (β, -9.7; 95%CI, -17.6 to -1.8) than those without MMD after multivariate adjustments. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 1 in 26 phakic adults in Singapore has MMD. Older age and myopic SE are major risk factors of MMD. Severe MMD has a substantial impact on visual impairment and functioning.

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Published In

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

DOI

EISSN

1552-5783

Publication Date

September 4, 2018

Volume

59

Issue

11

Start / End Page

4603 / 4613

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Visual Acuity
  • Vision Disorders
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Singapore
  • Risk Factors
  • Refraction, Ocular
  • Prevalence
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry
  • Myopia
  • Middle Aged
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Wong, Y.-L., Sabanayagam, C., Ding, Y., Wong, C.-W., Yeo, A.-H., Cheung, Y.-B., … Saw, S.-M. (2018). Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration on Visual Impairment and Functioning Among Adults in Singapore. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 59(11), 4603–4613. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24032
Wong, Yee-Ling, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Yang Ding, Chee-Wai Wong, Anna Chwee-Hong Yeo, Yin-Bun Cheung, Gemmy Cheung, et al. “Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration on Visual Impairment and Functioning Among Adults in Singapore.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 59, no. 11 (September 4, 2018): 4603–13. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24032.
Wong Y-L, Sabanayagam C, Ding Y, Wong C-W, Yeo AC-H, Cheung Y-B, et al. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration on Visual Impairment and Functioning Among Adults in Singapore. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018 Sep 4;59(11):4603–13.
Wong, Yee-Ling, et al. “Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration on Visual Impairment and Functioning Among Adults in Singapore.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, vol. 59, no. 11, Sept. 2018, pp. 4603–13. Pubmed, doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24032.
Wong Y-L, Sabanayagam C, Ding Y, Wong C-W, Yeo AC-H, Cheung Y-B, Cheung G, Chia A, Ohno-Matsui K, Wong T-Y, Wang JJ, Cheng C-Y, Hoang QV, Lamoureux E, Saw S-M. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration on Visual Impairment and Functioning Among Adults in Singapore. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018 Sep 4;59(11):4603–4613.

Published In

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

DOI

EISSN

1552-5783

Publication Date

September 4, 2018

Volume

59

Issue

11

Start / End Page

4603 / 4613

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Visual Acuity
  • Vision Disorders
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Singapore
  • Risk Factors
  • Refraction, Ocular
  • Prevalence
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry
  • Myopia
  • Middle Aged