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The roles of platelets in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Iba, T; Levy, JH
Published in: Trends Cardiovasc Med
January 2022

In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), multiple thromboinflammatory events contribute to the pathophysiology, including coagulation system activation, suppressed fibrinolysis, vascular endothelial cell injury, and prothrombotic alterations in immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils. Although thrombocytopenia is not an initial presentation as an infectious coagulopathy, recent studies have demonstrated the vital role of platelets in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy SARS-CoV-2 and its spike protein have been known to directly or indirectly promote release of prothrombotic and inflammatory mediators that lead to COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. Although clinical features of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia include uncommon locations of thrombosis, including cerebral venous sinus, we speculate coronavirus spike-protein-initiated prothrombotic pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia, as current evidence suggests that the spike protein is the promotor and other cofactors such as perturbed immune response and inflammatory reaction enhance the production of anti-platelet factor 4 antibody.

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Published In

Trends Cardiovasc Med

DOI

EISSN

1873-2615

Publication Date

January 2022

Volume

32

Issue

1

Start / End Page

1 / 9

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Vaccines
  • Thrombosis
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Humans
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
  • COVID-19
  • Blood Platelets
  • 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
  • 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
 

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Iba, T., & Levy, J. H. (2022). The roles of platelets in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Trends Cardiovasc Med, 32(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2021.08.012
Iba, Toshiaki, and Jerrold H. Levy. “The roles of platelets in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.Trends Cardiovasc Med 32, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2021.08.012.
Iba, Toshiaki, and Jerrold H. Levy. “The roles of platelets in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.Trends Cardiovasc Med, vol. 32, no. 1, Jan. 2022, pp. 1–9. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2021.08.012.
Journal cover image

Published In

Trends Cardiovasc Med

DOI

EISSN

1873-2615

Publication Date

January 2022

Volume

32

Issue

1

Start / End Page

1 / 9

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Vaccines
  • Thrombosis
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Humans
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
  • COVID-19
  • Blood Platelets
  • 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
  • 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology