Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood.
Publication
, Journal Article
McFarland, MJ; Hauer, ME; Reuben, A
Published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
March 2022
SignificanceConsiderable effort is expended to protect today's children from lead exposure, but there is little evidence on the harms past lead exposures continue to hold for yesterday's children, who are victims of what we term legacy lead exposures. We estimate that over 170 million Americans alive today were exposed to high-lead levels in early childhood, several million of whom were exposed to five-plus times the current reference level. Our estimates allow future work to plan for the health needs of these Americans and to inform estimation of the true contributions of lead exposure to population health. We estimate population-level effects on IQ loss and find that lead is responsible for the loss of 824,097,690 IQ points as of 2015.
Duke Scholars
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Published In
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
DOI
EISSN
1091-6490
ISSN
0027-8424
Publication Date
March 2022
Volume
119
Issue
11
Start / End Page
e2118631119
Related Subject Headings
- United States
- Symptom Assessment
- Population Surveillance
- Lead Poisoning
- Lead
- Humans
- Health Impact Assessment
- Environmental Exposure
- Cognition
- Child, Preschool
Citation
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Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
McFarland, M. J., Hauer, M. E., & Reuben, A. (2022). Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(11), e2118631119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2118631119
McFarland, Michael J., Matt E. Hauer, and Aaron Reuben. “Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 119, no. 11 (March 2022): e2118631119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2118631119.
McFarland MJ, Hauer ME, Reuben A. Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2022 Mar;119(11):e2118631119.
McFarland, Michael J., et al. “Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 119, no. 11, Mar. 2022, p. e2118631119. Epmc, doi:10.1073/pnas.2118631119.
McFarland MJ, Hauer ME, Reuben A. Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2022 Mar;119(11):e2118631119.
Published In
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
DOI
EISSN
1091-6490
ISSN
0027-8424
Publication Date
March 2022
Volume
119
Issue
11
Start / End Page
e2118631119
Related Subject Headings
- United States
- Symptom Assessment
- Population Surveillance
- Lead Poisoning
- Lead
- Humans
- Health Impact Assessment
- Environmental Exposure
- Cognition
- Child, Preschool