Water Consumption and Utility Revenues at the Start of a Pandemic: Insights From 11 Utilities
Publication
, Journal Article
Smull, E; Eastman, L; Patterson, L; Doyle, M
Published in: Journal - American Water Works Association
November 1, 2021
Eleven utilities from across the United States were studied to understand the pandemic's effects on water consumption and utility revenues. Most utilities in the study saw an overall increase in water consumption with a rise in residential demand that offset declines in nonresidential demand. Most utilities in the study experienced increased revenues in 2020 compared with previous years, largely due to rate increases, inclining block rates, and an unusually warm summer. Water utilities’ ability to adjust to fluctuating demand and changing revenue patterns is a testament to their sound financial practices.
Duke Scholars
Published In
Journal - American Water Works Association
DOI
EISSN
1551-8833
ISSN
0003-150X
Publication Date
November 1, 2021
Volume
113
Issue
9
Start / End Page
32 / 39
Related Subject Headings
- Environmental Engineering
- 4104 Environmental management
- 4005 Civil engineering
- 4004 Chemical engineering
- 0905 Civil Engineering
- 0904 Chemical Engineering
Citation
APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Smull, E., Eastman, L., Patterson, L., & Doyle, M. (2021). Water Consumption and Utility Revenues at the Start of a Pandemic: Insights From 11 Utilities. Journal - American Water Works Association, 113(9), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.1804
Smull, E., L. Eastman, L. Patterson, and M. Doyle. “Water Consumption and Utility Revenues at the Start of a Pandemic: Insights From 11 Utilities.” Journal - American Water Works Association 113, no. 9 (November 1, 2021): 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.1804.
Smull E, Eastman L, Patterson L, Doyle M. Water Consumption and Utility Revenues at the Start of a Pandemic: Insights From 11 Utilities. Journal - American Water Works Association. 2021 Nov 1;113(9):32–9.
Smull, E., et al. “Water Consumption and Utility Revenues at the Start of a Pandemic: Insights From 11 Utilities.” Journal - American Water Works Association, vol. 113, no. 9, Nov. 2021, pp. 32–39. Scopus, doi:10.1002/awwa.1804.
Smull E, Eastman L, Patterson L, Doyle M. Water Consumption and Utility Revenues at the Start of a Pandemic: Insights From 11 Utilities. Journal - American Water Works Association. 2021 Nov 1;113(9):32–39.
Published In
Journal - American Water Works Association
DOI
EISSN
1551-8833
ISSN
0003-150X
Publication Date
November 1, 2021
Volume
113
Issue
9
Start / End Page
32 / 39
Related Subject Headings
- Environmental Engineering
- 4104 Environmental management
- 4005 Civil engineering
- 4004 Chemical engineering
- 0905 Civil Engineering
- 0904 Chemical Engineering