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The Immunology of Syncytialized Trophoblast.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Schust, DJ; Bonney, EA; Sugimoto, J; Ezashi, T; Roberts, RM; Choi, S; Zhou, J
Published in: Int J Mol Sci
February 10, 2021

Multinucleate syncytialized trophoblast is found in three forms in the human placenta. In the earliest stages of pregnancy, it is seen at the invasive leading edge of the implanting embryo and has been called primitive trophoblast. In later pregnancy, it is represented by the immense, multinucleated layer covering the surface of placental villi and by the trophoblast giant cells found deep within the uterine decidua and myometrium. These syncytia interact with local and/or systemic maternal immune effector cells in a fine balance that allows for invasion and persistence of allogeneic cells in a mother who must retain immunocompetence for 40 weeks of pregnancy. Maternal immune interactions with syncytialized trophoblast require tightly regulated mechanisms that may differ depending on the location of fetal cells and their invasiveness, the nature of the surrounding immune effector cells and the gestational age of the pregnancy. Some specifically reflect the unique mechanisms involved in trophoblast cell-cell fusion (aka syncytialization). Here we will review and summarize several of the mechanisms that support healthy maternal-fetal immune interactions specifically at syncytiotrophoblast interfaces.

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Published In

Int J Mol Sci

DOI

EISSN

1422-0067

Publication Date

February 10, 2021

Volume

22

Issue

4

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • Trophoblasts
  • Toll-Like Receptors
  • Pregnancy
  • Placentation
  • Placenta
  • Immunity
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Extracellular Vesicles
  • Chorionic Villi
 

Citation

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Schust, D. J., Bonney, E. A., Sugimoto, J., Ezashi, T., Roberts, R. M., Choi, S., & Zhou, J. (2021). The Immunology of Syncytialized Trophoblast. Int J Mol Sci, 22(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041767
Schust, Danny J., Elizabeth A. Bonney, Jun Sugimoto, Toshi Ezashi, R Michael Roberts, Sehee Choi, and Jie Zhou. “The Immunology of Syncytialized Trophoblast.Int J Mol Sci 22, no. 4 (February 10, 2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041767.
Schust DJ, Bonney EA, Sugimoto J, Ezashi T, Roberts RM, Choi S, et al. The Immunology of Syncytialized Trophoblast. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 10;22(4).
Schust, Danny J., et al. “The Immunology of Syncytialized Trophoblast.Int J Mol Sci, vol. 22, no. 4, Feb. 2021. Pubmed, doi:10.3390/ijms22041767.
Schust DJ, Bonney EA, Sugimoto J, Ezashi T, Roberts RM, Choi S, Zhou J. The Immunology of Syncytialized Trophoblast. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 10;22(4).

Published In

Int J Mol Sci

DOI

EISSN

1422-0067

Publication Date

February 10, 2021

Volume

22

Issue

4

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • Trophoblasts
  • Toll-Like Receptors
  • Pregnancy
  • Placentation
  • Placenta
  • Immunity
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Extracellular Vesicles
  • Chorionic Villi