The Pantheon+ Analysis: Cosmological Constraints

We present constraints on cosmological parameters from the Pantheon+ analysis of 1701 light curves of 1550 distinct Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) ranging in redshift from z = 0.001 to 2.26. This work features an increased sample size from the addition of multiple cross-calibrated photometric systems of SNe covering an increased redshift span, and improved treatments of systematic uncertainties in comparison to the original Pantheon analysis, which together result in a factor of 2 improvement in cosmological constraining power. For a flat ΛCDM model, we find ΩM = 0.334 ± 0.018 from SNe Ia alone. For a flat w0CDM model, we measure w0 = −0.90 ± 0.14 from SNe Ia alone, H0 = 73.5 ± 1.1 km s⁻¹ Mpc⁻¹ when including the Cepheid host distances and covariance (SH0ES), and w0 = -0.978-⁺0.031^0.024 when combining the SN likelihood with Planck constraints from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO); both w0 values are consistent with a cosmological constant. We also present the most precise measurements to date on the evolution of dark energy in a flat w0waCDM universe, and measure wa = -0.1-⁺2.0^0.9 from Pantheon+ SNe Ia alone, H0 = 73.3 ± 1.1 km s⁻¹ Mpc⁻¹ when including SH0ES Cepheid distances, and wa = -0.65-⁺0.32^0.28 when combining Pantheon+ SNe Ia with CMB and BAO data. Finally, we find that systematic uncertainties in the use of SNe Ia along the distance ladder comprise less than one-third of the total uncertainty in the measurement of H0. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further and cannot explain the present “Hubble tension” between local measurements and early universe predictions from the cosmological model.

Duke Scholars

Author Daniel M. Scolnic Physics