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Systematic Evidence Mapping of Potential Exposure Pathways for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Based on Measured Occurrence in Multiple Media.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Holder, C; DeLuca, N; Luh, J; Alexander, P; Minucci, JM; Vallero, DA; Thomas, K; Cohen Hubal, EA
Published in: Environmental science & technology
April 2023

Given that human biomonitoring surveys show per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to be ubiquitous, humans can be exposed to PFAS through various sources, including drinking water, food, and indoor environmental media. Data on the nature and level of PFAS in residential environments are required to identify important pathways for human exposure. This work investigated important pathways of exposure to PFAS by reviewing, curating, and mapping evidence for the measured occurrence of PFAS in exposure media. Real-world occurrence for 20 PFAS was targeted primarily in media commonly related to human exposure (outdoor and indoor air, indoor dust, drinking water, food, food packaging, articles, and products, and soil). A systematic-mapping process was implemented to conduct title-abstract and full-text screening and to extract PECO-relevant primary data into comprehensive evidence databases. Parameters of interest included the following: sampling dates and locations, numbers of collection sites and participants, detection frequencies, and occurrence statistics. Detailed data were extracted on PFAS occurrence in indoor and environmental media from 229 references and on PFAS occurrence in human matrices where available from those references. Studies of PFAS occurrence became numerous after 2005. Studies were most abundant for PFOA (80% of the references) and PFOS (77%). Many studies analyzed additional PFAS, particularly, PFNA and PFHxS (60% of references each). Food (38%) and drinking water (23%) were the commonly studied media. Most studies found detectable levels of PFAS, and detectable levels were reported in a majority of states in the United States. Half or more of the limited studies for indoor air and products detected PFAS in 50% or more of the collected samples. The resulting databases can inform problem formulation for systematic reviews to address specific PFAS exposure queries and questions, support prioritization of PFAS sampling, and inform PFAS exposure measurement studies. The search strategy should be extended and implemented to support living evidence review in this rapidly advancing area.

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Published In

Environmental science & technology

DOI

EISSN

1520-5851

ISSN

0013-936X

Publication Date

April 2023

Volume

57

Issue

13

Start / End Page

5107 / 5116

Related Subject Headings

  • United States
  • Systematic Reviews as Topic
  • Humans
  • Food
  • Fluorocarbons
  • Environmental Sciences
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Environmental Exposure
  • Dust
  • Drinking Water
 

Citation

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Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Holder, C., DeLuca, N., Luh, J., Alexander, P., Minucci, J. M., Vallero, D. A., … Cohen Hubal, E. A. (2023). Systematic Evidence Mapping of Potential Exposure Pathways for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Based on Measured Occurrence in Multiple Media. Environmental Science & Technology, 57(13), 5107–5116. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c07185
Holder, Chris, Nicole DeLuca, Jeanne Luh, Parnian Alexander, Jeffrey M. Minucci, Daniel A. Vallero, Kent Thomas, and Elaine A. Cohen Hubal. “Systematic Evidence Mapping of Potential Exposure Pathways for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Based on Measured Occurrence in Multiple Media.Environmental Science & Technology 57, no. 13 (April 2023): 5107–16. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c07185.
Holder C, DeLuca N, Luh J, Alexander P, Minucci JM, Vallero DA, et al. Systematic Evidence Mapping of Potential Exposure Pathways for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Based on Measured Occurrence in Multiple Media. Environmental science & technology. 2023 Apr;57(13):5107–16.
Holder, Chris, et al. “Systematic Evidence Mapping of Potential Exposure Pathways for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Based on Measured Occurrence in Multiple Media.Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 57, no. 13, Apr. 2023, pp. 5107–16. Epmc, doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c07185.
Holder C, DeLuca N, Luh J, Alexander P, Minucci JM, Vallero DA, Thomas K, Cohen Hubal EA. Systematic Evidence Mapping of Potential Exposure Pathways for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Based on Measured Occurrence in Multiple Media. Environmental science & technology. 2023 Apr;57(13):5107–5116.
Journal cover image

Published In

Environmental science & technology

DOI

EISSN

1520-5851

ISSN

0013-936X

Publication Date

April 2023

Volume

57

Issue

13

Start / End Page

5107 / 5116

Related Subject Headings

  • United States
  • Systematic Reviews as Topic
  • Humans
  • Food
  • Fluorocarbons
  • Environmental Sciences
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Environmental Exposure
  • Dust
  • Drinking Water