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Symptomatic malaria enhances protection from reinfection with homologous Plasmodium falciparum parasites.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Markwalter, CF; Petersen, JEV; Zeno, EE; Sumner, KM; Freedman, E; Mangeni, JN; Abel, L; Obala, AA; Prudhomme-O'Meara, W; Taylor, SM
Published in: PLoS Pathog
June 2023

A signature remains elusive of naturally-acquired immunity against Plasmodium falciparum. We identified P. falciparum in a 14-month cohort of 239 people in Kenya, genotyped at immunogenic parasite targets expressed in the pre-erythrocytic (circumsporozoite protein, CSP) and blood (apical membrane antigen 1, AMA-1) stages, and classified into epitope type based on variants in the DV10, Th2R, and Th3R epitopes in CSP and the c1L region of AMA-1. Compared to asymptomatic index infections, symptomatic malaria was associated with reduced reinfection by parasites bearing homologous CSP-Th2R (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]:0.63; 95% CI:0.45-0.89; p = 0.008) CSP-Th3R (aHR:0.71; 95% CI:0.52-0.97; p = 0.033), and AMA-1 c1L (aHR:0.63; 95% CI:0.43-0.94; p = 0.022) epitope types. The association of symptomatic malaria with reduced hazard of homologous reinfection was strongest for rare epitope types. Symptomatic malaria provides more durable protection against reinfection with parasites bearing homologous epitope types. The phenotype represents a legible molecular epidemiologic signature of naturally-acquired immunity by which to identify new antigen targets.

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Published In

PLoS Pathog

DOI

EISSN

1553-7374

Publication Date

June 2023

Volume

19

Issue

6

Start / End Page

e1011442

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virology
  • Reinfection
  • Protozoan Proteins
  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Parasites
  • Malaria, Falciparum
  • Malaria Vaccines
  • Malaria
  • Epitopes
  • Antigens, Protozoan
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Markwalter, C. F., Petersen, J. E. V., Zeno, E. E., Sumner, K. M., Freedman, E., Mangeni, J. N., … Taylor, S. M. (2023). Symptomatic malaria enhances protection from reinfection with homologous Plasmodium falciparum parasites. PLoS Pathog, 19(6), e1011442. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011442

Published In

PLoS Pathog

DOI

EISSN

1553-7374

Publication Date

June 2023

Volume

19

Issue

6

Start / End Page

e1011442

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virology
  • Reinfection
  • Protozoan Proteins
  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Parasites
  • Malaria, Falciparum
  • Malaria Vaccines
  • Malaria
  • Epitopes
  • Antigens, Protozoan