Cellulitis and Its Mimickers: an Approach to Diagnosis and Management

Purpose of Review: This article reviews the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, clinical mimickers, and management strategies for cellulitis in hospitalized patients. Recent Findings: Cellulitis is a common skin infection with increasing hospitalizations and healthcare costs. The clinical presentation of cellulitis is mimicked by a wide spectrum of diagnoses including other infectious, inflammatory, vascular, and neoplastic conditions. Evaluating for and optimizing modifiable risk factors is paramount to treating cellulitis and preventing recurrences. These include local factors such as edema, previous cellulitis, skin barrier disruption due to trauma or pre-existing infection, skin inflammation, obesity, and immunosuppression. Summary: Cellulitis is an infection of the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue presenting with expanding erythema, edema, and warmth. Misdiagnosis is common and adds a significant burden to healthcare costs. A thorough history and physical examination can help distinguish cellulitis from its clinical mimickers. In addition to antimicrobial therapy, predisposing dermatological conditions should be addressed to prevent recurrences.

Duke Scholars

Author Daniela Kroshinsky Dermatology