Skip to main content
Journal cover image

Thromboinflammation in acute injury: infections, heatstroke, and trauma.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Iba, T; Helms, J; Levi, M; Levy, JH
Published in: J Thromb Haemost
January 2024

Tissue microcirculation is essential for the maintenance of organ homeostasis. Following acute infections, activation of coagulation and inflammation, which are critical interconnected responses, lead to thromboinflammation and microthrombosis, thereby contributing to multiorgan dysfunction. Sepsis is the most common underlying disease and has been extensively studied. However, the COVID-19 pandemic further illustrated the pathomechanisms of diseases in which thromboinflammation plays a critical role. During thromboinflammation, injury to monocytes, neutrophils, platelets, and endothelial cells, along with coagulation and complement activation, was further characterized. Thrombin is pivotal in orchestrating thrombosis and inflammation and has long been considered a potential therapeutic target in sepsis. Although thromboprophylaxis for venous thromboembolism with heparins is part of standard management for COVID-19, it also potentially attenuates organ dysfunction due to thrombotic sequela. In contrast, the effectiveness of anticoagulation with heparin, antithrombin, or thrombomodulin to reduce mortality has not conclusively been proven in sepsis. Nonetheless, thromboinflammation has also been reported as an important pathophysiologic mechanism in other critical illnesses, including heatstroke, trauma, and ischemia/reperfusion injury, and may provide a potential therapeutic target for future clinical studies.

Duke Scholars

Published In

J Thromb Haemost

DOI

EISSN

1538-7836

Publication Date

January 2024

Volume

22

Issue

1

Start / End Page

7 / 22

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Venous Thromboembolism
  • Thrombosis
  • Thromboinflammation
  • Sepsis
  • Pandemics
  • Inflammation
  • Humans
  • Heat Stroke
  • Endothelial Cells
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Iba, T., Helms, J., Levi, M., & Levy, J. H. (2024). Thromboinflammation in acute injury: infections, heatstroke, and trauma. J Thromb Haemost, 22(1), 7–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtha.2023.07.020
Journal cover image

Published In

J Thromb Haemost

DOI

EISSN

1538-7836

Publication Date

January 2024

Volume

22

Issue

1

Start / End Page

7 / 22

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Venous Thromboembolism
  • Thrombosis
  • Thromboinflammation
  • Sepsis
  • Pandemics
  • Inflammation
  • Humans
  • Heat Stroke
  • Endothelial Cells
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology