Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Patients with Cancer
Cancer diagnosis and treatment cause tremendous distress, but also can be an opportunity for growth. There has been increasing research on the application of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), which focus on training individuals in skills to be fully present in the moment, to reduce distress, and to improve positive adaptation among patients with cancer. In this chapter, we describe the philosophical underpinnings and key elements of mindfulness, review recent research on MBIs for cancer-related populations and outcomes, and discuss gaps in knowledge and future directions for research on mindfulness as it relates to cancer. Numerous studies have found that mindfulness can be helpful at reducing cancer-related symptoms and psychological distress and promoting positive adaptation. Recent advances and accessibility of technology also provide opportunities to decrease patient burden and increase dissemination of MBIs. However, additional high-quality research is needed to better understand the generalizability of MBIs’ effects, optimum dose and mode of delivery, and mechanisms of action. Overall, the considerable evidence to date indicate that MBIs should be offered to patients with cancer who are seeking effective methods for self-management of cancer-related symptoms and stressors.
