Hereditary and breastfeeding factors are positively associated with the aetiology of mammary gland hyperplasia: a case-control study.
BACKGROUND: Hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) has become a common disorder in women. A family history of breast cancer and female reproductive factors may work together to increase the risk of HMG. However, this specific relationship has not been fully characterized. METHODS: A total of 1881 newly diagnosed HMG cases and 1900 controls were recruited from 2012 to 2017. Demographic characteristics including female reproductive factors and a family history of breast cancer were collected. A multi-analytic strategy combining unconditional logistic regression, multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) and crossover approaches were applied to systematically identify the interaction effect of family history of breast cancer and reproductive factors on HMG susceptibility. RESULTS: In MDR analysis, high-order interactions among higher-level education, shorter breastfeeding duration and family history of breast cancer were identified (odds ratio [OR] 7.07 [95% confidence interval {CI} 6.08 to 8.22]). Similarly, in crossover analysis, HMG risk increased significantly for those with higher-level education (OR 36.39 [95% CI 11.47 to 115.45]), shorter duration of breastfeeding (OR 27.70 [95% CI 3.73 to 205.70]) and a family history of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Higher-level education, shorter breastfeeding duration and a family history of breast cancer may synergistically increase the risk of HMG.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Risk Factors
- Mammary Glands, Human
- Hyperplasia
- Humans
- Female
- Case-Control Studies
- Breast Feeding
- 42 Health sciences
- 32 Biomedical and clinical sciences
- 11 Medical and Health Sciences
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Risk Factors
- Mammary Glands, Human
- Hyperplasia
- Humans
- Female
- Case-Control Studies
- Breast Feeding
- 42 Health sciences
- 32 Biomedical and clinical sciences
- 11 Medical and Health Sciences