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Active bialkali photocathodes on free-standing graphene substrates

Publication ,  Journal Article
Yamaguchi, H; Liu, F; DeFazio, J; Narvaez Villarrubia, CW; Finkenstadt, D; Shabaev, A; Jensen, KL; Pavlenko, V; Mehl, M; Lambrakos, S; Gupta, G ...
Published in: npj 2D Materials and Applications
December 1, 2017

The hexagonal structure of graphene gives rise to the property of gas impermeability, motivating its investigation for a new application: protection of semiconductor photocathodes in electron accelerators. These materials are extremely susceptible to degradation in efficiency through multiple mechanisms related to contamination from the local imperfect vacuum environment of the host photoinjector. Few-layer graphene has been predicted to permit a modified photoemission response of protected photocathode surfaces, and recent experiments of single-layer graphene on copper have begun to confirm these predictions for single crystal metallic photocathodes. Unlike metallic photoemitters, the integration of an ultra-thin graphene barrier film with conventional semiconductor photocathode growth processes is not straightforward. A first step toward addressing this challenge is the growth and characterization of technologically relevant, high quantum efficiency bialkali photocathodes on ultra-thin free-standing graphene substrates. Photocathode growth on free-standing graphene provides the opportunity to integrate these two materials and study their interaction. Specifically, spectral response features and photoemission stability of cathodes grown on graphene substrates are compared to those deposited on established substrates. In addition, we observed an increase of work function for the graphene encapsulated bialkali photocathode surfaces, which is predicted by our calculations. The results provide a unique demonstration of bialkali photocathodes on free-standing substrates, and indicate promise towards our goal of fabricating high-performance graphene encapsulated photocathodes with enhanced lifetime for accelerator applications.

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Published In

npj 2D Materials and Applications

DOI

EISSN

2397-7132

Publication Date

December 1, 2017

Volume

1

Issue

1

Related Subject Headings

  • 4016 Materials engineering
  • 4009 Electronics, sensors and digital hardware
 

Citation

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Yamaguchi, H., Liu, F., DeFazio, J., Narvaez Villarrubia, C. W., Finkenstadt, D., Shabaev, A., … Moody, N. A. (2017). Active bialkali photocathodes on free-standing graphene substrates. Npj 2D Materials and Applications, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-017-0014-6
Yamaguchi, H., F. Liu, J. DeFazio, C. W. Narvaez Villarrubia, D. Finkenstadt, A. Shabaev, K. L. Jensen, et al. “Active bialkali photocathodes on free-standing graphene substrates.” Npj 2D Materials and Applications 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-017-0014-6.
Yamaguchi H, Liu F, DeFazio J, Narvaez Villarrubia CW, Finkenstadt D, Shabaev A, et al. Active bialkali photocathodes on free-standing graphene substrates. npj 2D Materials and Applications. 2017 Dec 1;1(1).
Yamaguchi, H., et al. “Active bialkali photocathodes on free-standing graphene substrates.” Npj 2D Materials and Applications, vol. 1, no. 1, Dec. 2017. Scopus, doi:10.1038/s41699-017-0014-6.
Yamaguchi H, Liu F, DeFazio J, Narvaez Villarrubia CW, Finkenstadt D, Shabaev A, Jensen KL, Pavlenko V, Mehl M, Lambrakos S, Gupta G, Mohite AD, Moody NA. Active bialkali photocathodes on free-standing graphene substrates. npj 2D Materials and Applications. 2017 Dec 1;1(1).

Published In

npj 2D Materials and Applications

DOI

EISSN

2397-7132

Publication Date

December 1, 2017

Volume

1

Issue

1

Related Subject Headings

  • 4016 Materials engineering
  • 4009 Electronics, sensors and digital hardware