Sacral Metastases
The sacrum plays a dynamic role in protecting the pelvic viscera, distributing load, and adjoining the spinal column to the pelvis and encompasses nerves with motor, sensory, and autonomic functions. Metastatic spine disease of the sacrum is more common than primary tumors. Although there is no unifying clinical presentation for sacral metastases, pain is most common initial symptom due largely to mass effect. Diagnosis of tumor etiology, dependent on imaging and biopsy, is imperative because it can significantly alter management. The treatment options for metastatic spine disease of the sacrum may include adjuvant therapy, radiation, surgery, and cement augmentation. Clinical presentation, primary tumor etiology, and prognosis are essential factors in determining the most appropriate treatment for these patients.
