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High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO. II. Primary spectra and composition

Publication ,  Journal Article
Ambrosio, M; Antolini, R; Auriemma, G; Baker, R; Baldini, A; Barbarino, GC; Barish, BC; Battistoni, G; Bellotti, R; Bemporad, C; Bernardini, P ...
Published in: Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology
January 1, 1997

Multimuon data from the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso have been analyzed using a new method, which allows one to estimate the primary cosmic ray fluxes. The estimated all-particle spectrum is higher and flatter than the one obtained from direct measurements but is consistent with EAS array measurements. The spectral indexes of the fitted energy spectrum are 2.56[Formula presented]0.05 for [Formula presented]500 TeV and 2.9[Formula presented]0.3 for [Formula presented]5000 TeV with a gradual change at intermediate energies. The average mass number shows little dependence on the primary energy below 1000 TeV, with a value of 10.1[Formula presented]2.5 at 100 TeV. At higher energies the best fit average mass shows a mild increase with energy, even though no definite conclusion can be reached taking into account errors. The fitted spectra cover a range from [Formula presented] 50 TeV up to several thousand TeV. © 1997 The American Physical Society.

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Published In

Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology

DOI

EISSN

1550-2368

ISSN

1550-7998

Publication Date

January 1, 1997

Volume

56

Issue

3

Start / End Page

1418 / 1436

Related Subject Headings

  • Nuclear & Particles Physics
  • 5107 Particle and high energy physics
  • 5101 Astronomical sciences
  • 4902 Mathematical physics
  • 0206 Quantum Physics
  • 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
  • 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences
 

Citation

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Ambrosio, M., Antolini, R., Auriemma, G., Baker, R., Baldini, A., Barbarino, G. C., … Satta, L. (1997). High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO. II. Primary spectra and composition. Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology, 56(3), 1418–1436. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.56.1418
Ambrosio, M., R. Antolini, G. Auriemma, R. Baker, A. Baldini, G. C. Barbarino, B. C. Barish, et al. “High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO. II. Primary spectra and composition.” Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology 56, no. 3 (January 1, 1997): 1418–36. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.56.1418.
Ambrosio M, Antolini R, Auriemma G, Baker R, Baldini A, Barbarino GC, et al. High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO. II. Primary spectra and composition. Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology. 1997 Jan 1;56(3):1418–36.
Ambrosio, M., et al. “High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO. II. Primary spectra and composition.” Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology, vol. 56, no. 3, Jan. 1997, pp. 1418–36. Scopus, doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.56.1418.
Ambrosio M, Antolini R, Auriemma G, Baker R, Baldini A, Barbarino GC, Barish BC, Battistoni G, Bellotti R, Bemporad C, Bernardini P, Bilokon H, Bisi V, Bloise C, Bosio T, Bower C, Bussino S, Cafagna F, Calicchio M, Campana D, Carboni M, Castellano M, Cecchini S, Cei F, Chiarella V, Corona A, Coutu S, De Cataldo G, Dekhissi H, De Marzo C, De Mitri I, De Vincenzi M, Di Credico A, Erriquez O, Fantini R, Favuzzi C, Forti C, Fusco P, Giacomelli G, Giannini G, Giglietto N, Goretti M, Grassi M, Grillo A, Guarino F, Guarnaccia P, Gustavino C, Habig A, Hanson K, Hawthorne A, Heinz R, Hong JT, Iarocci E, Katsavounidis E, Kearns E, Kyriazopoulou S, Lamanna E, Lane C, Levin DS, Lipari P, Longley NP, Longo MJ, Mancarella G, Mandrioli G, Margiotta-Neri A, Marini A, Martello D, Marzari-Chiesa A, Mazziotta MN, Michael DG, Mikheyev S, Miller L, Monacelli P, Montaruli T, Monteno M, Mufson S, Musser J, Nicoló D, Nolty R, Okada C, Orth C, Osteria G, Palamara O, Parlati S, Patera V, Patrizii L, Pazzi R, Peck CW, Petrera S, Pistilli P, Popa V, Rainó A, Reynoldson J, Ricciardi M, Ronga F, Rubizzo U, Sanzgiri A, Sartogo F, Satriano C, Satta L. High energy cosmic ray physics with underground muons in MACRO. II. Primary spectra and composition. Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology. 1997 Jan 1;56(3):1418–1436.

Published In

Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology

DOI

EISSN

1550-2368

ISSN

1550-7998

Publication Date

January 1, 1997

Volume

56

Issue

3

Start / End Page

1418 / 1436

Related Subject Headings

  • Nuclear & Particles Physics
  • 5107 Particle and high energy physics
  • 5101 Astronomical sciences
  • 4902 Mathematical physics
  • 0206 Quantum Physics
  • 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
  • 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences