Multi-body model of upper extremity interaction with deploying airbag

Three-dimensional simulation models of a driver's right upper extremity interacting with a deploying airbag have been set up and run with the Articulated Total Body program. The goal of this study is to examine the significance of various occupant and airbag parameters during deployment, such as grip strength, upper extremity position, shoulder compliance, flap position, flap aggressivity, and deployment speed. Given a range of 250 N to 650 N, the grip strength did not affect the resultant loads. Also, the contact force and torque at the e.g. of the forearm are not sensitive to shoulder joint compliance. The flap aggressivity and the position of the airbag module relative to the upper extremity are most important in affecting the interaction. This study is used to justify cadaveric experiments involving disarticulated upper extremities. Copyright © 1997 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.