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Distinct DNA methylation patterns characterize differentiated human embryonic stem cells and developing human fetal liver.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Brunner, AL; Johnson, DS; Kim, SW; Valouev, A; Reddy, TE; Neff, NF; Anton, E; Medina, C; Nguyen, L; Chiao, E; Oyolu, CB; Schroth, GP ...
Published in: Genome Res
June 2009

To investigate the role of DNA methylation during human development, we developed Methyl-seq, a method that assays DNA methylation at more than 90,000 regions throughout the genome. Performing Methyl-seq on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), their derivatives, and human tissues allowed us to identify several trends during hESC and in vivo liver differentiation. First, differentiation results in DNA methylation changes at a minimal number of assayed regions, both in vitro and in vivo (2%-11%). Second, in vitro hESC differentiation is characterized by both de novo methylation and demethylation, whereas in vivo fetal liver development is characterized predominantly by demethylation. Third, hESC differentiation is uniquely characterized by methylation changes specifically at H3K27me3-occupied regions, bivalent domains, and low density CpG promoters (LCPs), suggesting that these regions are more likely to be involved in transcriptional regulation during hESC differentiation. Although both H3K27me3-occupied domains and LCPs are also regions of high variability in DNA methylation state during human liver development, these regions become highly unmethylated, which is a distinct trend from that observed in hESCs. Taken together, our results indicate that hESC differentiation has a unique DNA methylation signature that may not be indicative of in vivo differentiation.

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Published In

Genome Res

DOI

ISSN

1088-9051

Publication Date

June 2009

Volume

19

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1044 / 1056

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Methylation
  • Lysine
  • Liver
  • Humans
  • Histones
  • Genome, Human
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Embryonic Stem Cells
 

Citation

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Brunner, A. L., Johnson, D. S., Kim, S. W., Valouev, A., Reddy, T. E., Neff, N. F., … Myers, R. M. (2009). Distinct DNA methylation patterns characterize differentiated human embryonic stem cells and developing human fetal liver. Genome Res, 19(6), 1044–1056. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.088773.108
Brunner, Alayne L., David S. Johnson, Si Wan Kim, Anton Valouev, Timothy E. Reddy, Norma F. Neff, Elizabeth Anton, et al. “Distinct DNA methylation patterns characterize differentiated human embryonic stem cells and developing human fetal liver.Genome Res 19, no. 6 (June 2009): 1044–56. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.088773.108.
Brunner AL, Johnson DS, Kim SW, Valouev A, Reddy TE, Neff NF, et al. Distinct DNA methylation patterns characterize differentiated human embryonic stem cells and developing human fetal liver. Genome Res. 2009 Jun;19(6):1044–56.
Brunner, Alayne L., et al. “Distinct DNA methylation patterns characterize differentiated human embryonic stem cells and developing human fetal liver.Genome Res, vol. 19, no. 6, June 2009, pp. 1044–56. Pubmed, doi:10.1101/gr.088773.108.
Brunner AL, Johnson DS, Kim SW, Valouev A, Reddy TE, Neff NF, Anton E, Medina C, Nguyen L, Chiao E, Oyolu CB, Schroth GP, Absher DM, Baker JC, Myers RM. Distinct DNA methylation patterns characterize differentiated human embryonic stem cells and developing human fetal liver. Genome Res. 2009 Jun;19(6):1044–1056.

Published In

Genome Res

DOI

ISSN

1088-9051

Publication Date

June 2009

Volume

19

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1044 / 1056

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Methylation
  • Lysine
  • Liver
  • Humans
  • Histones
  • Genome, Human
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Embryonic Stem Cells