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Myopia-related fundus changes in Singapore adults with high myopia.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Chang, L; Pan, C-W; Ohno-Matsui, K; Lin, X; Cheung, GCM; Gazzard, G; Koh, V; Hamzah, H; Tai, ES; Lim, SC; Mitchell, P; Young, TL; Aung, T ...
Published in: Am J Ophthalmol
June 2013

PURPOSE: To examine the pattern of myopia-related macular and optic disc changes in Singapore adults with high myopia (spherical equivalent ≤-6.00 diopters). DESIGN: Asian adults with high myopia from 3 population-based surveys. METHODS: Adults 40 years and older (n = 359) with high myopia were pooled from 3 population-based surveys in Singapore Asians: (1) the Singapore Prospective Study Program (SP2, n = 184); (2) the Singapore Malay Eye Study (SiMES, n = 98); and (3) the Singapore Indian Eye Study (SINDI, n = 77). All study participants underwent standardized refraction and fundus photography, and SiMES and SINDI subjects also completed ocular biometry measurements. Myopia-related macular (posterior staphyloma, lacquer cracks, Fuchs spot, myopic chorioretinal atrophy, and myopic choroidal neovascularization) and optic disc (optic nerve head tilt, optic disc dimensions, and peripapillary atrophy) changes were evaluated. RESULTS: The most common myopia-related macular finding in adults with high myopia was staphyloma (23%), followed by chorioretinal atrophy (19.3%). There were few cases of lacquer crack (n = 6, 1.8%), T-sign (n = 6, 1.8%), retinal hemorrhage (n = 3, 0.9%), active myopic choroidal neovascularization (n = 3, 0.9%), and no case of Fuchs spot. The most common disc finding associated with high myopia was peripapillary atrophy (81.2%), followed by disc tilt (57.4%). Staphyloma and chorioretinal atrophy increased in prevalence with increasing age, increasing myopic refractive error, and increasing axial length (all P < .001). Ethnicity comparisons demonstrated the highest proportion of staphyloma (P = .04) among Malays, the highest proportion of peripapillary atrophy (P = .01) and disc tilt (P < .001) among Chinese, and the largest cup-to-disc ratio (P < .001) among Indians. CONCLUSIONS: Staphyloma and chorioretinal atrophy lesions were the most common fundus findings among Asian adults with high myopia. In this population, tilted discs and peripapillary atrophy were also common, while choroidal neovascularization and Fuchs spot were rare. In contrast with Singapore teenagers, in whom tilted disc and peripapillary atrophy were common while staphyloma and chorioretinal atrophy were rare, pathologic myopia appears to be dependent on the duration of disease and, thus, age of the individual.

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Published In

Am J Ophthalmol

DOI

EISSN

1879-1891

Publication Date

June 2013

Volume

155

Issue

6

Start / End Page

991 / 999.e1

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Visual Acuity
  • Singapore
  • Retinal Diseases
  • Refraction, Ocular
  • Prospective Studies
  • Optic Disk
  • Optic Atrophy
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry
  • Myopia, Degenerative
  • Middle Aged
 

Citation

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Chicago
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MLA
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Chang, L., Pan, C.-W., Ohno-Matsui, K., Lin, X., Cheung, G. C. M., Gazzard, G., … Saw, S.-M. (2013). Myopia-related fundus changes in Singapore adults with high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol, 155(6), 991-999.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2013.01.016
Chang, Lan, Chen-Wei Pan, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Xiaoyu Lin, Gemmy C. M. Cheung, Gus Gazzard, Victor Koh, et al. “Myopia-related fundus changes in Singapore adults with high myopia.Am J Ophthalmol 155, no. 6 (June 2013): 991-999.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2013.01.016.
Chang L, Pan C-W, Ohno-Matsui K, Lin X, Cheung GCM, Gazzard G, et al. Myopia-related fundus changes in Singapore adults with high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013 Jun;155(6):991-999.e1.
Chang, Lan, et al. “Myopia-related fundus changes in Singapore adults with high myopia.Am J Ophthalmol, vol. 155, no. 6, June 2013, pp. 991-999.e1. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2013.01.016.
Chang L, Pan C-W, Ohno-Matsui K, Lin X, Cheung GCM, Gazzard G, Koh V, Hamzah H, Tai ES, Lim SC, Mitchell P, Young TL, Aung T, Wong T-Y, Saw S-M. Myopia-related fundus changes in Singapore adults with high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013 Jun;155(6):991-999.e1.
Journal cover image

Published In

Am J Ophthalmol

DOI

EISSN

1879-1891

Publication Date

June 2013

Volume

155

Issue

6

Start / End Page

991 / 999.e1

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Visual Acuity
  • Singapore
  • Retinal Diseases
  • Refraction, Ocular
  • Prospective Studies
  • Optic Disk
  • Optic Atrophy
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry
  • Myopia, Degenerative
  • Middle Aged