Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in the diagnostic work-up of a broad spectrum of aortic diseases. In this chapter we will describe the MRI pulse sequences commonly used in the comprehensive assessment of the thoracic aorta, including assessment of the lumen and the wall, tissue characterization, and blood flow measurement. We will include a detailed description of clinical protocols aimed at providing ‘hands-on’ instructions for the image acquisition process as well as image data post-processing.