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Herman Pontzer

Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology
Evolutionary Anthropology

Overview


How did the human body evolve, and how does our species' deep past shape our health and physiology today? Through lab and field research, I investigate the physiology of humans and apes to understand how ecology, lifestyle, diet, and evolutionary history affect metabolism and health. I'm also interested in how ecology and evolution influence musculoskeletal design and physical activity. Field projects focus on small-scale societies, including hunter-gatherers and subsistence farmers, in Africa and South America. Lab research focuses on energetics and metabolism, including respirometry and doubly labeled water methods.

Current Appointments & Affiliations


Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology · 2022 - Present Evolutionary Anthropology, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences
Director of Graduate Studies of Evolutionary Anthropology · 2023 - Present Evolutionary Anthropology, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences
Associate Research Professor of Global Health · 2019 - Present Duke Global Health Institute, University Institutes and Centers
Associate of the Duke Initiative for Science & Society · 2020 - Present Duke Science & Society, University Initiatives & Academic Support Units

In the News


Published April 24, 2026
Nine Faculty Named 2026 Bass Chairs
Published March 26, 2026
Two Duke Faculty Elected as AAAS Fellows
Published January 20, 2026
Why Exercise Doesn’t Burn More Calories — and Why That’s Not the Point

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Recent Publications


Real-time heart rate in the wild: remote collection of cardiac data in baboons using a low-power Bluetooth and LoRaWAN system.

Journal Article bioRxiv · April 21, 2026 Cardiac rate and rhythm reveal how animals adapt physiologically to day-to-day challenges, with consequences for health and fitness. However, these data remain difficult to collect in wild animals, despite their relevance for individual health and fitness. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Energy constraint on human health.

Journal Article Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · April 2026 Evolved constraints to human energy transformation force the body-brain system to operate an economy of energy. To survive and thrive, an organism's finite internal energy resources must be dynamically reallocated, forcing trade-offs from organelle to orga ... Full text Cite

Using insertable cardiac monitors to test determinants of heart rate and activity in captive baboons.

Journal Article bioRxiv · March 17, 2026 BACKGROUND: Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) provide fine-grained, continuous data on cardiac activity. These data have great potential to reveal individual physiology, energetics, and stress responses, with implications for animal health, cognition, wel ... Full text Link to item Cite
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Recent Grants


Drinking water salinity in a hot-dry environment: Hydration, kidney function, and blood pressure

ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by Pennsylvania State University · 2024 - 2029

Effects of Physical Activity on Human Pregnancy Energetics: Testing Maternal Metabolic Limits

ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by National Science Foundation · 2023 - 2027

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Education


Harvard University · 2006 Ph.D.