Scholars@Duke
John Tyler Simpson

John Tyler Simpson

Provisional Faculty in the Department of Surgery
Trauma, Acute, and Critical Care Surgery

Selected Publications

Reducing Missed Doses of VTE Prophylaxis.

Journal Article JAMA Surg · December 1, 2025 Full text Link to item Cite

A Retrospective Study of Ultramassive Transfusion in Trauma Patients: Is There a Value After Which Additional Transfusions Are Futile?

Journal Article Anesth Analg · November 1, 2025 BACKGROUND: Hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable mortality in trauma. During times of blood shortages, it may be prudent to consider a transfusion threshold during massive transfusion after which additional transfusions are futile due to nonsurviva ... Full text Link to item Cite

Time To Tighten Up on Prehospital Tourniquets: An EAST Multicenter Trial of Prehospital Procedures in Penetrating Trauma Shows No Benefit With Current Tourniquet Practices for Extremity Trauma in Urban Settings.

Journal Article Am Surg · October 17, 2025 BackgroundPrehospital tourniquet (PHT) use has become widespread. However, whether it improves outcomes after penetrating proximal extremity trauma in urban settings remains unknown. We hypothesized that PHT improves mortality in this setting.Materials and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Point-of-care Ultrasound to Screen for Gastrointestinal Dysfunction: Image Acquisition and Interpretation.

Journal Article J Vis Exp · July 3, 2025 A major cause of morbidity and healthcare resource utilization is gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. Although GI symptoms are frequently evaluated with computed tomography (CT), this modality subjects patients to ionizing radiation, high costs, and high re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stop the Bleed-Wait for the Ambulance or Get in the Car and Drive? A Post Hoc Analysis of an EAST Multicenter Trial.

Journal Article Am Surg · February 2025 Background: The Stop the Bleed campaign gives bystanders an active role in prehospital hemorrhage control. Whether extending bystanders' role to private vehicle transport (PVT) for urban penetrating trauma improves survival is unknown, but past research ha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Firearm Homicide Mortality is Linked to Food Insecurity in Major US Metropolitan Cities.

Journal Article Am Surg · February 2025 BACKGROUND: Gun violence disproportionately affects metropolitan areas of the United States (US). There is limited information regarding the influence of social determinants of health, such as food insecurity (FI) on firearm homicide mortality (FHM) in maj ... Full text Link to item Cite

To fix or let them flail: the who, what and when of rib fixation.

Journal Article Trauma Surg Acute Care Open · 2025 Rib fractures occur in 10% of traumatic injuries and are a common source of morbidity and mortality. Mortality rates for rib fractures remain alarmingly high. Despite increasing literature in support of surgical stabilization of rib fracture (SSRF), accept ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the patient with obesity.

Journal Article J Trauma Acute Care Surg · January 1, 2025 BACKGROUND: Palpation of anatomic landmarks is difficult in patients with obesity, which could increase difficulty of achieving femoral access and resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) placement. The primary aim of this study wa ... Full text Link to item Cite

PROSPECTIVE EXAMINATION OF THE K/ICA RATIO AS A PREDICTOR FOR MORTALITY IN SEVERE HEMORRHAGE.

Journal Article Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · January 2024 AbstractBackground: Patients receiving massive transfusion protocol (MTP) are at risk for posttransfusion hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia. Previous retrospective analysis has suggested the potassium/ionized calcium (K/iCa) ratio as a prognostic indi ... Full text Cite

Association Between Markers of Structural Racism and Mass Shooting Events in Major US Cities.

Journal Article JAMA Surg · October 1, 2023 IMPORTANCE: The root cause of mass shooting events (MSEs) and the populations most affected by them are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between structural racism and mass shootings in major metropolitan cities in the United States. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metabolic impact of high lipid low dextrose parenteral nutrition.

Journal Article Clin Nutr ESPEN · October 2023 BACKGROUND: Parenteral nutrition (PN) containing 100% soybean oil lipids and high amounts of dextrose may lead to liver dysfunction and hyperglycemia. Mixed lipids have less pro-inflammatory components, so higher doses may be given to decrease the amount o ... Full text Link to item Cite

High lipid, low dextrose parenteral nutrition allows patient to achieve nutritional autonomy: A case report.

Journal Article Int J Surg Case Rep · August 2023 INTRODUCTION: Prolonged use of parenteral nutrition can eventually lead to liver abnormalities. Causative factors include decreased enteral stimulation, high intakes of intravenous dextrose, proinflammatory 100 % soybean oil-based lipids, and increased bur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) After Traumatic Brain Injury

Journal Article Journal of Endovascular Resuscitation and Trauma Management · July 11, 2023 Background: The effects of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) on progression of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are unclear. Two hypotheses prevail: increased mean arterial pressure may improve cerebral perfusion, or cause cereb ... Full text Cite

Traumatic Injury in Pregnancy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Journal Article J Surg Res · March 2023 INTRODUCTION: Trauma represents the leading cause of nonobstetrical maternal death. How in-hospital outcomes of acutely injured pregnant patients (PP) compares to that of similarly aged nonpregnant control groups (CGs) has not been described. We hypothesiz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cost-Effectiveness of Universal Screening for Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury: A Markov Analysis.

Journal Article Journal of the American College of Surgeons · March 2023 BackgroundBlunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after blunt trauma. Numerous screening strategies exist, although which is used is institution- and physician-dependent. We sought to identify the most ... Full text Cite

A CIRCULATION-FIRST APPROACH FOR RESUSCITATION OF TRAUMA PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.

Journal Article Shock · January 1, 2023 The original guidelines of cardiopulmonary resuscitation focused on the establishment of an airway and rescue breathing before restoration of circulation through cardiopulmonary resuscitation. As a result, the airway-breathing-circulation approach became t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends and Burden of Firearm-Related Injuries Among Children and Adolescents: A National Perspective.

Journal Article J Surg Res · December 2022 INTRODUCTION: Firearm-related injuries in America have been under increasing scrutiny over the last several years. Few studies have examined the burden of these injuries in the pediatric population. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence ... Full text Link to item Cite

IMPACT OF TIME TO EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT RESUSCITATIVE AORTIC OCCLUSION AFTER NONCOMPRESSIBLE TORSO HEMORRHAGE.

Journal Article Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · October 2022 AbstractIntroduction: Time is an essential element in outcomes of trauma patients. The relationship of time to treatment in management of noncompressible torso hemorrhage (NCTH) with resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA ... Full text Cite

Tulane STAR (Sending Texts, Advancing Results): impact of text messaging on bariatric post-operative protocol compliance.

Journal Article Surgical endoscopy · October 2022 BackgroundText messaging is frequently employed in the outpatient setting to communicate with or send reminders to patients. However, there is a paucity of literature on the impact of text messaging on inpatient care. In this study, the use of tex ... Full text Cite

State Gun Law Grades and Impact on Mass Shooting Event Incidence: An 8-Year Analysis.

Journal Article J Am Coll Surg · April 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Gun violence, particularly in the form of mass shooting events (MSE), is a growing, significant public health crisis in the US. Whether stricter gun laws decrease MSE is not known. We hypothesized that stronger state gun laws would be associate ... Full text Link to item Cite

I text for I COUGH: A clinical pilot study to evaluate the impact of text messaging upon postoperative ambulation in the hospital.

Journal Article Am J Surg · February 2022 BACKGROUND: The "I COUGH" protocol is associated with improved postoperative pulmonary outcomes, and ambulation is an essential component. I COUGH is an acronym for Incentive spirometry, Coughing, Oral care, Understanding (patient and staff education), Get ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unstable Without a Source: The Non-Diagnostic Triad in Hypotensive Blunt Trauma Victims

Journal Article Journal of Endovascular Resuscitation and Trauma Management · February 16, 2019 Background: Current algorithms for resuscitation of blunt trauma patients rely on chest x-ray (CXR), pelvic x-ray (PXR), and focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST), to quickly elicit a source of major bleeding in the trauma bay. The n ... Full text Cite