Scholars@Duke
Flavia Penteado Kapos

Flavia Penteado Kapos

Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Orthopaedic Surgery
flavia.kapos@duke.edu
N/A, N/A, WA 98107

Selected Publications

Sex differences in pain in 2 large and diverse US databases.

Journal Article Pain Rep · February 2026 INTRODUCTION: Sex differences have been recognized as significant influences on disease suceptibility and progression. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess sex differences in pain prevalence using 2 large and diverse US data sources, All of Us and Epic C ... Full text Link to item Cite

The association of sleep-related issues with chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain incidence in U.S. adults: A 1-year representative cohort study.

Journal Article J Pain · November 2025 In this longitudinal cohort study, we used nationally representative data from the U.S. National Health Interview Survey (n = 7826 for chronic pain; n = 9195 for high-impact chronic pain [HICP]) to examine the association of trouble sleeping and tiredness ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disability Weights for Global Burden Estimation of Orofacial Pain.

Journal Article J Dent Res · September 15, 2025 The global burden of orofacial pain (OFP), including temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), has never been estimated due to lacking disability weights (DWs). This is a significant limitation in the World Health Organization's goals for oral health. The presen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal Racial and Ethnic Representation in US Dental Schools Between 2011 and 2023.

Journal Article J Dent Educ · September 2025 BACKGROUND: Diversity, inclusion, and representation within the dental care workforce are imperatives for equity in access to and quality of care. We determined longitudinal representation by race and ethnicity among first-year students and graduates in US ... Full text Link to item Cite

Examining sex representation shifts in orthodontic residency programs: A study of trends across U.S. dental specialties

Journal Article Seminars in Orthodontics · July 1, 2025 Objective: This study investigated sex representation among students enrolled in U.S. advanced dental education programs relative to the U.S. adult demographic composition over 8 years (from 2015-16 to 2022-23). Methods: Sex composition of advanced dental ... Full text Cite

Orofacial pain/headache interlaced to insomnia, sleep apnea and periodic limb movement during sleep/restless leg syndrome: a critical and comprehensive review with insights into social determinants.

Journal Article J Oral Facial Pain Headache · June 2025 This critical review explores the intricate interaction between orofacial pain and headache disorders and three prevalent sleep disorders: insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and periodic limb movements (PLMs) during sleep, while integrating the role o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Women are worse off in developing and recovering from temporomandibular disorder symptoms.

Journal Article Sci Rep · February 8, 2025 Decision-making for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is reported being a clinical challenge, partly due to uncertainities in assessment of long-term prognosis. Therefore, our aim was to explore variations over time in TMD symptoms and possible sex or age ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Transition from acute to chronic low back pain in a community-based cohort.

Journal Article J Pain · January 2025 The transition from acute to chronic low back pain (LBP) in community settings is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of recruitment and estimate the transition and continuation of chronic LBP. We also explored char ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social Determinants and Consequences of Pain: Toward Multilevel, Intersectional, and Life Course Perspectives.

Journal Article J Pain · October 2024 Despite wide endorsement of a biopsychosocial framework for pain, social aspects of pain remain rarely addressed in the context of pain prevention and management. In this review, we aim to 1) examine the broad scope of social determinants and consequences ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived Community Control in Adults with Acute Low Back Pain: A Community-Based Study.

Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health · September 30, 2024 BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability for individuals and societies globally. Prior investigations have predominantly centered around biological and psychological factors. Addressing social determinants is critical for enhancin ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Prescription Opioid Decision-making and Use Behaviors in Adolescents With Acute Pain: A Qualitative Study.

Journal Article Clin J Pain · June 1, 2024 OBJECTIVES: Understanding adolescent perspectives on prescribed opioids in the context of medical care for acute pain is needed to prevent opioid-related adverse outcomes. We explored factors that may influence opioid decision-making and use behaviors amon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Residential Density Is Associated With BMI Trajectories in Children and Adolescents: Findings From the Moving to Health Study.

Journal Article AJPM Focus · June 2024 INTRODUCTION: This study investigates the associations between built environment features and 3-year BMI trajectories in children and adolescents. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized electronic health records of individuals aged 5-18 years li ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Reply to Long-Mills and Tumin.

Journal Article Pain · June 1, 2024 Full text Link to item Cite

Seventeen-Year National Pain Prevalence Trends Among U.S. Military Veterans.

Journal Article J Pain · May 2024 U.S. military veterans experience higher pain prevalence than nonveterans. However, it is unclear how the disparities in pain prevalence have changed over time because previous trend studies are limited to veterans using the Veterans Health Administration. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Occupations associated with treatment seeking and biopsychosocial functioning at a tertiary orofacial pain clinic: A cross-sectional study.

Journal Article J Am Dent Assoc · May 2024 BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe whether certain occupations were over- or underrepresented and to compare biopsychosocial functioning by types of occupation and employment status among adults seeking orofacial pain (OFP) treatment. METHOD ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterizing Acute Low Back Pain in a Community-Based Cohort.

Journal Article medRxiv · March 23, 2024 Acute low back pain (LBP) is a common experience, however, the associated pain severity, pain frequency, and characteristics of individuals with acute LBP in community settings have yet to be well understood. In this manuscript, three acute LBP severity ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparing the prevalence of chronic pain in school-aged children in the United States from 2019 to 2020: a nationally representative study examining differences associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Journal Article Pain · January 1, 2024 The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic negatively affected children's health in the United States (US), with more severe disruption for marginalized groups. However, potential impact on pediatric chronic pain has not been assessed at the population ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterizing Acute Low Back Pain in a Community-Based Cohort: Results from a Feasibility Cohort Study.

Journal Article J Pain Res · 2024 INTRODUCTION: Acute low back pain (LBP) is a common experience; however, the associated pain severity, pain frequency, and characteristics of individuals with acute LBP in community settings have yet to be well understood. In this manuscript, two acute-LBP ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders-INfORM recommendations: Comprehensive and short-form adaptations for adolescents.

Journal Article J Oral Rehabil · November 2023 BACKGROUND: The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for use in adults is in use worldwide. Until now, no version of this instrument for use in adolescents has been proposed. OBJECTIVE: To present comprehensive and short-form adapta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of the PEG Scale in Spanish (PEG-S) Among Adults Receiving Care for Pain in US Primary Care.

Journal Article J Pain · November 2023 This study sought to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the PEG scale (PEG-S, whose items assess Pain intensity and pain interference with Enjoyment of life and General activity) in a sample of Spanish-speaking adults receiving ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimated Rates of Incident and Persistent Chronic Pain Among US Adults, 2019-2020.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · May 1, 2023 IMPORTANCE: Chronic pain risk and prognosis estimates are needed to inform effective interventions. OBJECTIVE: To estimate rates of chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain (HICP) incidence and persistence in US adults across demographic groups. DESIGN, S ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders-INfORM recommendations: Comprehensive and short-form adaptations for children.

Journal Article J Oral Rehabil · February 2023 BACKGROUND: The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) are used worldwide in adults. Until now, no adaptation for use in children has been proposed. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to present comprehensive and short-form adaptati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Household Food Insufficiency and Chronic Pain among Children in the US: A National Study.

Journal Article Children (Basel) · January 19, 2023 This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pediatric chronic pain by household food sufficiency status and examine whether food insufficiency would be associated with greater risk for chronic pain. We analyzed data from the 2019-2020 National Survey o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Building the foundation for a modern patient-partnered infrastructure to study temporomandibular disorders.

Journal Article Front Digit Health · 2023 BACKGROUND: Conflicting reports from varying stakeholders related to prognosis and outcomes following placement of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) implants gave rise to the development of the TMJ Patient-Led RoundTable initiative. Following an assessment of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Geospatial divide in real-world EHR data: Analytical workflow to assess regional biases and potential impact on health equity.

Journal Article AMIA Jt Summits Transl Sci Proc · 2023 Real-world data (RWD) like electronic health records (EHR) has great potential for secondary use by health systems and researchers. However, collected primarily for efficient health care, EHR data may not equitably represent local regions and populations, ... Link to item Cite

The Global Need for Easy and Valid Assessment Tools for Orofacial Pain.

Journal Article J Dent Res · December 2022 The World Health Organization recently adopted a historic resolution (WHA74.5) on the urgent need for global oral health improvement. This resolution is particularly relevant in the perspective of the high prevalence of untreated oral diseases. However, on ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Differences in Weight Gain Following Residential Relocation in the Moving to Health (M2H) Study.

Journal Article Epidemiology · September 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Neighborhoods may play an important role in shaping long-term weight trajectory and obesity risk. Studying the impact of moving to another neighborhood may be the most efficient way to determine the impact of the built environment on health. We ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders in children and adolescents: An international Delphi study-Part 2-Development of Axis II.

Journal Article J Oral Rehabil · May 2022 BACKGROUND: Unlike the psychosocial assessment established for adults in the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD), a standardised psychosocial assessment for children and adolescents with TMD complaints has not yet been established. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential associations of the built environment on weight gain by sex and race/ethnicity but not age.

Journal Article Int J Obes (Lond) · December 2021 OBJECTIVE: To explore the built environment (BE) and weight change relationship by age, sex, and racial/ethnic subgroups in adults. METHODS: Weight trajectories were estimated using electronic health records for 115,260 insured Kaiser Permanente Washington ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) for children and adolescents: An international Delphi study-Part 1-Development of Axis I.

Journal Article J Oral Rehabil · July 2021 BACKGROUND: Since in children and adolescence prevalence is assessed mainly on self-reported or proxy-reported signs and symptoms; there is a need to develop a more comprehensive standardised process for the collection of clinical information and the diagn ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Risk of non-syndromic orofacial clefts by maternal rural-urban residence and race/ethnicity: A population-based case-control study in Washington State 1989-2014.

Journal Article Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol · May 2021 BACKGROUND: Orofacial clefts (OFC) have multifactorial aetiology. Established risk factors explain a small proportion of cases. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate OFC risk by maternal rural residence and race/ethnicity, and test whether these associations changed aft ... Full text Link to item Cite

Orofacial pain education in dentistry: A path to improving patient care and reducing the population burden of chronic pain.

Journal Article J Dent Educ · March 2021 Dentists stand in an optimal position to prevent and manage patients suffering from chronic orofacial pain (OFP) disorders, such as temporomandibular disorders, burning mouth syndrome, trigeminal neuralgia, persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain, among o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temporomandibular disorders: a review of current concepts in aetiology, diagnosis and management.

Journal Article Oral Surg · November 2020 Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a collective term for a group of musculoskeletal conditions involving pain and/or dysfunction in the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints (TMJ) and associated structures. It is the most common type of non-odont ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multifactorial assessment of measurement errors affecting intraoral quantitative sensory testing reliability.

Journal Article Scand J Pain · July 2017 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE (AIMS): Measurement error of intraoral quantitative sensory testing (QST) has been assessed using traditional methods for reliability, such as intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Most studies reporting QST reliability focused ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intraoral administration of botulinum toxin for trigeminal neuropathic pain.

Journal Article Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol · June 2016 This article presents 2 cases of different neuropathic trigeminal pain conditions treated with intraoral botulinum toxin injections. There is a growing body of evidence to support the use of this substance when administered subcutaneously in the treatment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of Long-Term Temporomandibular Disorder Pain Intensity: An 8-Year Cohort Study.

Journal Article J Oral Facial Pain Headache AIMS: To investigate, in individuals with pain-related temporomandibular disorder (TMD), the association of long-term pain intensity with baseline health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and jaw functional limitation. METHODS: Of 513 cases with baseline pai ... Full text Link to item Cite