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An-Kwok Ian Wong

An-Kwok Ian Wong

Assistant Professor of Medicine
Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
a.ian.wong@duke.edu
DUMC Box 103000, Durham, NC 27708-0271
2 Genome Ct, 2081 MSRB2, Durham, NC 27708

Selected Publications

Open Access Dataset and Common Data Model for Pulse Oximeter Performance Data.

Journal Article Scientific data · April 2025 The OpenOximetry Dataset stores clinical and lab pulse oximetry data. It supports measurements of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) by arterial blood gas co-oximetry and pulse oximetry (SpO2), alongside processed and unprocessed photoplethysmography (PPG) ... Full text Cite

Differences in Arterial Blood Gas Testing by Race and Sex Across 161 US Hospitals in 4 EHR Databases.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · March 24, 2025 RATIONALE: Pulse oximetry accuracy varies across races, underscoring the importance of routine arterial blood gas (ABG) testing, the gold standard for assessing oxygen saturation. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to assess disparities in ABG testing among criti ... Full text Link to item Cite

The high price of equity in pulse oximetry: A cost evaluation and need for interim solutions.

Journal Article PLOS Digit Health · September 2024 Disparities in pulse oximetry accuracy, disproportionately affecting patients of color, have been associated with serious clinical outcomes. Although many have called for pulse oximetry hardware replacement, the cost associated with this replacement is not ... Full text Link to item Cite

Open Access Data Repository and Common Data Model for Pulse Oximeter Performance Data.

Journal Article medRxiv · August 31, 2024 The OpenOximetry Repository is a structured database storing clinical and lab pulse oximetry data, serving as a centralized repository and data model for pulse oximetry initiatives. It supports measurements of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) by arterial ... Full text Link to item Cite

A survey of skin tone assessment in prospective research.

Journal Article NPJ Digit Med · July 17, 2024 Increasing evidence supports reduced accuracy of noninvasive assessment tools, such as pulse oximetry, temperature probes, and AI skin diagnosis benchmarks, in patients with darker skin tones. The FDA is exploring potential strategies for device regulation ... Full text Link to item Cite

BOLD: Blood-gas and Oximetry Linked Dataset - Open Source Research.

Journal Article medRxiv · October 3, 2023 Pulse oximeters measure peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) noninvasively, while the gold standard (SaO 2 ) involves arterial blood gas measurement. There are known racial and ethnic disparities in their performance. BOLD is a new comprehensive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Critical Bias in Critical Care Devices.

Journal Article Crit Care Clin · October 2023 Critical care data contain information about the most physiologically fragile patients in the hospital, who require a significant level of monitoring. However, medical devices used for patient monitoring suffer from measurement biases that have been largel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Going beyond the means: Exploring the role of bias from digital determinants of health in technologies.

Journal Article PLOS Digit Health · October 2023 BACKGROUND: In light of recent retrospective studies revealing evidence of disparities in access to medical technology and of bias in measurements, this narrative review assesses digital determinants of health (DDoH) in both technologies and medical formul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: What We Need to Know and How to Manage for Prolonged Casualty Care.

Journal Article J Spec Oper Med · June 23, 2023 Coagulopathy can occur in trauma, and it can affect septic patients as a host tries to respond to infection. Sometimes, it can lead to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) with a high potential for mortality. New research has delineated risk facto ... Full text Link to item Cite

NIH SenNet Consortium to map senescent cells throughout the human lifespan to understand physiological health.

Journal Article Nature aging · December 2022 Cells respond to many stressors by senescing, acquiring stable growth arrest, morphologic and metabolic changes, and a proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype. The heterogeneity of senescent cells (SnCs) and senescence-associated secretor ... Full text Cite

A Method to Explore Variations of Ventilator-Associated Event Surveillance Definitions in Large Critical Care Databases in the United States.

Journal Article Crit Care Explor · November 2022 UNLABELLED: The Centers for Disease Control has well-established surveillance programs to monitor preventable conditions in patients supported by mechanical ventilation (MV). The aim of the study was to develop a data-driven methodology to examine variatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Benchmarking emergency department prediction models with machine learning and public electronic health records.

Journal Article Sci Data · October 27, 2022 The demand for emergency department (ED) services is increasing across the globe, particularly during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical triage and risk assessment have become increasingly challenging due to the shortage of medical resources and the s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of Transcendental Meditation to Reduce Stress Among Health Care Workers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · September 1, 2022 IMPORTANCE: Health care workers (HCWs) have been experiencing substantial stress and burnout, and evidence-based mitigation strategies are needed. Transcendental Meditation (TM) is a mantra meditation practice with potential efficacy in reducing stress. OB ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Future of Critical Care: Optimizing Technologies and a Learning Healthcare System to Potentiate a More Humanistic Approach to Critical Care.

Journal Article Crit Care Explor · March 2022 While technological innovations are the invariable crux of speculation about the future of critical care, they cannot replace the clinician at the bedside. This article summarizes the work of the Society of Critical Care Medicine-appointed multiprofessiona ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and Evaluation of a Small Airway Disease Index Derived From Modeling the Late-Expiratory Flattening of the Flow-Volume Loop.

Journal Article Front Physiol · 2022 Excessive decrease in the flow of the late expiratory portion of a flow volume loop (FVL) or "flattening", reflects small airway dysfunction. The assessment of the flattening is currently determined by visual inspection by the pulmonary function test (PFT) ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Analysis of Discrepancies Between Pulse Oximetry and Arterial Oxygen Saturation Measurements by Race and Ethnicity and Association With Organ Dysfunction and Mortality.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · November 1, 2021 IMPORTANCE: Discrepancies in oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (Spo2), when compared with arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) measured by arterial blood gas (ABG), may differentially affect patients according to race and ethnicity. However, the as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patch-and-Glue

Journal Article Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology · July 2021 Full text Cite

One-Stop Serum Assay Identifies COVID-19 Disease Severity and Vaccination Responses.

Journal Article Immunohorizons · May 17, 2021 SARS-CoV-2 has caused over 100,000,000 cases and almost 2,500,000 deaths globally. Comprehensive assessment of the multifaceted antiviral Ab response is critical for diagnosis, differentiation of severity, and characterization of long-term immunity, especi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prediction of Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Advanced Respiratory Support in Advance of Interventions and Treatment: A Multivariable Prediction Model From Electronic Medical Record Data.

Journal Article Crit Care Explor · May 2021 BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory failure occurs frequently in hospitalized patients and often begins outside the ICU, associated with increased length of stay, cost, and mortality. Delays in decompensation recognition are associated with worse outcomes. OBJEC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Communication Device Assessed During Noninvasive Ventilation Therapy.

Journal Article Chest · April 2021 BACKGROUND: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV), a form of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy, is the standard of care for various forms of acute respiratory failure (ARF). Communication impairment is a side effect of NIV, impedes patient care, contributes t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Classification of 12-lead ECGs: the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2020.

Journal Article Physiol Meas · January 1, 2021 OBJECTIVE: Vast 12-lead ECGs repositories provide opportunities to develop new machine learning approaches for creating accurate and automatic diagnostic systems for cardiac abnormalities. However, most 12-lead ECG classification studies are trained, teste ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experience With Cardiology-Oriented Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

Journal Article Critical Care Explorations · December 3, 2020 Objectives:Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with high mortality rates and multiple organ damage. There is increasing evidence that these patients are at risk for various cardiovascu ... Full text Cite

Machine Learning Methods to Predict Acute Respiratory Failure and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Journal Article Frontiers in Big Data · November 23, 2020 Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a common problem in medicine that utilizes significant healthcare resources and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Classification of acute respiratory failure is complicated, and it is often determined by th ... Full text Cite

Classification of 12-lead ECGs: the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2020

Journal Article · August 14, 2020 AbstractThe subject of the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2020 was the identification of cardiac abnormalities in 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. A total of 66,405 recordings were sourced from hospi ... Full text Cite

Consequences and Solutions for the Impact of Communication Impairment on Noninvasive Ventilation Therapy for Acute Respiratory Failure: A Focused Review

Journal Article Critical Care Explorations · June 2020 Objectives:With over 2 million cases of acute respiratory failure in the United States per year, noninvasive ventilation has become a leading treatment modality, often supplanting invasiv ... Full text Cite