Journal ArticleThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · May 2024
BackgroundPrevious meta-analyses of summary data from randomised controlled trials have shown that statin therapy increases the risk of diabetes, but less is known about the size or timing of this effect, or who is at greatest risk. We aimed to ad ...
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Journal ArticleCirc Heart Fail · February 2023
BACKGROUND: Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) improves clinical outcomes and quality of life. Optimizing GDMT in the hospital is associated with greater long-term use in HFrEF. This study aim ...
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Journal ArticleEur Heart J · January 21, 2023
AIMS: Levels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), a cytokine secreted in response to cellular stress and inflammation, have been associated with multiple types of cardiovascular (CV) events. However, its comparative prognostic performance across d ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA Cardiol · December 1, 2022
IMPORTANCE: Studies have demonstrated an association between single measures of high-sensitivity troponin (hsTn) and future cardiovascular events in patients with chronic coronary syndromes. However, limited data exist regarding the association between cha ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · September 10, 2022
BACKGROUND: Statin therapy is effective for the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and is widely prescribed, but there are persisting concerns that statin therapy might frequently cause muscle pain or weakness. We aimed to address these t ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA Cardiol · March 1, 2022
IMPORTANCE: Lipid management typically focuses on levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and, to a lesser extent, triglycerides (TG). However, animal models and genetic studies suggest that the atherogenic particle subpopulations (LDL and ve ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Heart Assoc · February 15, 2022
Background Unlike patients with low ejection fraction after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), little is known about the long-term incidence and influence of cardiovascular events before sudden death among stabilized patients after ACS. Methods and Results ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Coll Cardiol · October 12, 2021
BACKGROUND: The 2018 U.S. cholesterol management guideline recommends additional lipid-lowering therapy with ezetimibe for secondary prevention in very high-risk patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥70 mg/dL despite maximally tolerate ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA Netw Open · July 1, 2021
IMPORTANCE: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are critical in advancing patient care, yet conducting such large-scale trials requires tremendous resources and coordination. Clinical site start-up performance metrics can provide insight into opportunities f ...
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Journal ArticleJACC CardioOncol · September 2020
BACKGROUND: An increased risk of malignancy was reported with simvastatin/ezetimibe in 1,873 patients in the SEAS (Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis) trial. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to clarify this unexpected finding in a larger ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Cardiol · July 1, 2020
Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density, cholesterol-containing lipoprotein that differs from other low-density lipoproteins due to the presence of apolipoprotein(a) bound to its surface apolipoprotein B100. Multiple epidemiologic studies, including Mende ...
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Journal ArticleAm Heart J · July 2020
The infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, or COVID-19, can result in myocardial injury, heart failure, and arrhythmias. In addition to the viral infection itself, investigational therapies for the infection can interact with ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA Cardiol · September 1, 2019
IMPORTANCE: Limited evidence is available regarding the benefit and hazard of higher-intensity treatment to lower lipid levels among patients 75 years or older. As a result, guideline recommendations differ for this age group compared with younger patients ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Coll Cardiol · August 27, 2019
BACKGROUND: Addition of ezetimibe to statin therapy reduces the risk of recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with prior acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The role of biomarkers in identifying subsets of patients who may derive greater clinical ben ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Cardiol · April 15, 2019
Risk prediction following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains challenging. Data-driven machine-learning algorithms can potentially identify patients at high risk of clinical events. The Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · February 2, 2019
BACKGROUND: Statin therapy has been shown to reduce major vascular events and vascular mortality in a wide range of individuals, but there is uncertainty about its efficacy and safety among older people. We undertook a meta-analysis of data from all large ...
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Journal ArticleCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes · January 2019
BACKGROUND: Although cholesterol-lowering medications can reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events, premature discontinuation limits effectiveness. Discontinuation rates have not been systematically reported for lipid-lowering trials. METHODS AND ...
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Journal ArticleLancet Diabetes Endocrinol · December 2018
BACKGROUND: Polyvascular disease and type 2 diabetes are each associated with increased cardiovascular risk, but whether these risks are additive is unknown. In this exploratory analysis of a randomised trial, we explored the long-term cardiovascular risk ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Cardiol · November 1, 2018
OBJECTIVE: The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) is comprised of unique metabolic risk indicators that may accurately predict residual cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with established coronary disease and metabolic dysfunction. MET ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Cardiol · November 1, 2018
The natural history of patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with pre-existing versus (vs) de novo heart failure (HF) has not been previously reported over an extended duration of follow-up. The IMPROVE-IT trial enrolled 18,144 patients h ...
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Journal ArticleBiometrics · September 2018
We consider estimating the effect that discontinuing a beneficial treatment will have on the distribution of a time to event clinical outcome, and in particular assessing whether there is a period of time over which the beneficial effect may continue after ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · April 10, 2018
BACKGROUND: Ezetimibe, when added to simvastatin, reduces cardiovascular events after acute coronary syndrome. We explored outcomes stratified by diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: In IMPROVE-IT (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · December 19, 2017
BACKGROUND: Patients who experience an acute coronary syndrome are at heightened risk of recurrent ischemic events, including stroke. Ezetimibe improved cardiovascular outcomes when added to statin therapy in patients stabilized after acute coronary syndro ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Heart Assoc · November 18, 2017
BACKGROUND: IMPROVE-IT (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial) showed that adding the nonstatin ezetimibe to statin therapy further reduced cardiovascular events in patients after an acute coronary syndrome. In a prespecified ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Soc Nephrol · October 2017
Efficacy of statin-based therapies in reducing cardiovascular mortality in individuals with CKD seems to diminish as eGFR declines. The strongest evidence supporting the cardiovascular benefit of statins in individuals with CKD was shown with ezetimibe plu ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Heart Assoc · September 18, 2017
BACKGROUND: Understanding the relative risk of cardiovascular versus noncardiovascular death is important for designing clinical trials. These risks may differ depending on patient age, sex, and type of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS AND RESULTS: I ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA Cardiol · May 1, 2017
IMPORTANCE: In the Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial, intensive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-reducing therapy with ezetimibe/simvastatin compared with simvastatin alone was associated with a significant red ...
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Journal ArticleCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes · May 2017
BACKGROUND: Ezetimibe, when added to simvastatin therapy, reduces cardiovascular events after recent acute coronary syndrome. However, the impact of ezetimibe on cardiovascular-related hospitalizations and associated costs is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Coll Cardiol · February 28, 2017
BACKGROUND: Ezetimibe improves cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients stabilized after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) when added to statin therapy. After ACS, patients vary considerably in their risk for recurrent CV events. OBJECTIVES: This study tested ...
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Journal ArticleEur Heart J · December 21, 2016
AIMS: To examine the efficacy and safety of ezetimibe added to statin in patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) following hospitalization for an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS AND RESULTS: In the IMPROVE-IT trial, post-ACS ...
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Journal ArticleAm Heart J · December 2016
BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of adding ezetimibe (Ez) to simvastatin (S) in a post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) population in a prespecified on-treatment analysis. METHODS: We evaluated 17,706 post-ACS patients from the IMPROV ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · April 19, 2016
IMPORTANCE: Muscle-related statin intolerance is reported by 5% to 20% of patients. OBJECTIVE: To identify patients with muscle symptoms confirmed by statin rechallenge and compare lipid-lowering efficacy for 2 nonstatin therapies, ezetimibe and evolocumab ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Coll Cardiol · February 2, 2016
BACKGROUND: Intensive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol therapy with ezetimibe/simvastatin in IMPROVE-IT (IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial) significantly reduced the first primary endpoint (PEP) in patients post-acute ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · September 29, 2015
BACKGROUND: Statins lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP); addition of ezetimibe to statins further reduces LDL-C and hs-CRP. An analysis of the relationship between achieved LDL-C and hs-CRP tar ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Heart Assoc · August 25, 2015
BACKGROUND: CSL112 is a new formulation of human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) being developed to reduce cardiovascular events following acute coronary syndrome. This phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, dose-ranging trial represents the first cl ...
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Journal ArticleN Engl J Med · June 18, 2015
BACKGROUND: Statin therapy reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and the risk of cardiovascular events, but whether the addition of ezetimibe, a nonstatin drug that reduces intestinal cholesterol absorption, can reduce the rate of cardio ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · April 11, 2015
BACKGROUND: Whether statin therapy is as effective in women as in men is debated, especially for primary prevention. We undertook a meta-analysis of statin trials in the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration database to compare the effects o ...
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Journal ArticleAm Heart J · August 2014
BACKGROUND: The IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) is evaluating the potential benefit for reduction in major cardiovascular (CV) events from the addition of ezetimibe versus placebo to 40 mg/d of simvastatin ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med · December 2013
Advances in the mechanistic understanding of atheroma initiation, repair, progression, and rupture have solidified the pivotal role played by the immune system in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic vascular disease. These mechanistic findings have been ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · August 11, 2012
BACKGROUND: Statins reduce LDL cholesterol and prevent vascular events, but their net effects in people at low risk of vascular events remain uncertain. METHODS: This meta-analysis included individual participant data from 22 trials of statin versus contro ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2012
BACKGROUND: Statin therapy reduces the risk of occlusive vascular events, but uncertainty remains about potential effects on cancer. We sought to provide a detailed assessment of any effects on cancer of lowering LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) with a statin using ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · June 22, 2011
CONTEXT: A recent meta-analysis demonstrated that statin therapy is associated with excess risk of developing diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether intensive-dose statin therapy is associated with increased risk of new-onset diabetes compare ...
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Journal ArticlePain · April 2011
Non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) is a common and distressing condition. Prior studies suggest that psychotropic medication or pain coping skills training (CST) may benefit NCCP patients. To our knowledge, no clinical trials have examined the separate and comb ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · November 13, 2010
BACKGROUND: Lowering of LDL cholesterol with standard statin regimens reduces the risk of occlusive vascular events in a wide range of individuals. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol with statin therapy ...
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Journal ArticleAnn Noninvasive Electrocardiol · July 2010
BACKGROUND: Although no clinical trial data exist on the optimal management of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with diastolic heart failure, it has been hypothesized that rhythm-control is more advantageous than rate-control due to the dependence of t ...
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Journal ArticleCardiovasc Ther · April 2010
Despite over 20 years of clinical use and 15 years of clinical trial data, we still do not have a complete understanding of the mechanisms of action or full utility of statins as a class of drugs. The possibility of their use as a treatment for prevention ...
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Journal ArticleClin J Am Soc Nephrol · November 2009
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic kidney disease is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes. The prognostic significance of worsening renal function has also been shown in various cohorts of cardiac disease; however, the predictors of wor ...
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Journal ArticlePsychosom Med · October 2009
OBJECTIVE: To examine the contributions of chest pain, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing to disability in 97 patients with noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) and to test whether chest pain and anxiety were related indirectly to greater disability via pain catast ...
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Journal ArticleJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther · March 2009
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in men and women older than 65 years; therefore, its prevention is an important public health priority. Although cardiovascular risk is multifactorial, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels ...
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Journal ArticleAm Heart J · November 2008
BACKGROUND: Reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) improves clinical outcomes in patients with chronic coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes (ACSs). The combination of ezetimibe/simvastatin produces greater reductions in LD ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Cardiol · September 1, 2008
We examined the effects of intensive statin therapy in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) and previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) participating in the Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis In ...
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Journal ArticleAm Heart J · April 2008
UNLABELLED: Both renal dysfunction and elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. However, it remains to be established whether the prognostic value of impaired estimated ...
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Journal ArticleAm Heart J · February 2008
BACKGROUND: Inflammation has been suggested as a factor in the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). Several observational studies have suggested that statins, presumably through their anti-inflammatory properties, decrease the risk of AF ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Coll Cardiol · November 27, 2007
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine whether the novel biomarker monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 adds prognostic value to standard risk assessment tools and biomarkers after acute coronary syndromes (ACS). BACKGROUND: Monocyte chemoattractan ...
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Journal ArticleCancer · October 15, 2007
BACKGROUND: Radiation therapy (RT) to the left breast/chest wall has been linked with cardiac dysfunction. Previously, the authors identified cardiac perfusion defects in approximately 50% to 60% of patients 0.5 to 2 years post-RT. In the current study, th ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Cardiol · October 1, 2007
Compared with moderate lipid lowering with standard-dose statin therapy, intensive lipid lowering with high-dose statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) significantly reduces cardiovascular events. However, the 2 trials of high-dose versus stan ...
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Journal ArticleChest · January 2007
A 56-year-old man presenting with a 6-month history of recurrent episodic hypotension and bradycardia was found to have limited-stage small cell lung cancer. During both quiescence and episodes of hemodynamic embarrassment, extensive evaluations were condu ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · November 15, 2006
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of patient-specific factors, left ventricle (LV) volume, and treatment set-up errors on the rate of perfusion defects 6 to 60 months post-radiation therapy (RT) in patients receiving tangential RT for ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Cardiol · September 15, 2006
The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III recommends an algorithm to integrate iterative risk-stratification information with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels to identify candidates for statin therapy. We used the ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · July 25, 2006
BACKGROUND: Elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are associated with higher risk of adverse outcomes in patients at risk for or with established coronary artery disease. Retrospective analyses suggest that this risk may be modifie ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · May 3, 2006
CONTEXT: The short-term effects of early treatment with statins in patients after the onset of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) for the outcomes of death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate relevant outcomes of patient ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · March 21, 2006
BACKGROUND: The Aggrastat to Zocor (A to Z) and Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy (PROVE IT) trials compared intensive and moderate statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes, with seemingly disparate results. We analyzed the ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2006
Purpose: To assess dose heterogeneity to subregions of the heart (e.g. four chambers), and its relationship to tumor location in patients irradiated for lung cancer. Methods and Materials: 236 patients receiving 3D‐planned radiotherapy for lung cancer from ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2006
Purpose: To assess whether body mass index (BMI) affects the rate of “deep” set‐up errors (i.e. those that increase the volume of heart irradiated), resulting in an increased risk of RT‐induced myocardial perfusion defects (PD) 6–60 months post‐RT. Materia ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · December 14, 2005
CONTEXT: Elevated concentrations of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) at presentation in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are associated with long-term mortality. Few data exist regarding serial assessment of BNP levels during follow-up. OBJECTIV ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · September 1, 2005
PURPOSE: Radiation therapy (RT) for left-sided breast cancer has been associated with cardiac dysfunction. We herein assess the temporal nature and volume dependence of RT-induced left ventricular perfusion defects and whether these perfusion defects are r ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · January 2005
The purpose of this work is to compare the efficacy of mathematical models in predicting the occurrence of radiotherapy-induced left ventricular perfusion defects assessed using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The basis of this study is ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Family Practice · December 1, 2004
Early initiation of statin therapy with high-dose atorvastatin following an acute coronary syndrome event reduces major cardiovascular events. It is uncertain whether this benefit extends to other statin drugs. The investigators randomized 4497 patients wi ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · November 30, 2004
BACKGROUND: Anxiety is often present with depression and may be one of its manifestations. Although the adverse effects of depression in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have been well studied, the relation between anxiety and CHF prognosis has no ...
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Journal ArticleEur Heart J · October 2004
AIMS: In high risk patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS), enoxaparin is generally preferred to unfractionated heparin (UFH). However, less is known about the relative merits of these two forms of heparin in patients receiving concom ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · September 15, 2004
CONTEXT: Limited data are available evaluating how the timing and intensity of statin therapy following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event affect clinical outcome. OBJECTIVE: To compare early initiation of an intensive statin regimen with delayed initi ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Kidney Dis · August 2004
BACKGROUND: The point prevalence of depression and its relationship to poor outcomes among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been fully characterized. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of 374 patients admit ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · July 7, 2004
CONTEXT: Enoxaparin or the combination of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor tirofiban with unfractionated heparin independently have shown superior efficacy over unfractionated heparin alone in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS). I ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · July 7, 2004
CONTEXT: Antithrombin therapy has become a guidelines-recommended standard of care in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), but recent trials comparing use of enoxaparin and unfractionated heparin in ACS have yielded less robust efficacy and saf ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Cardiol · June 15, 2004
This study compared the efficacy and safety of co-administered ezetimibe + simvastatin with atorvastatin monotherapy in adults with hypercholesterolemia. Seven hundred eighty-eight patients were randomized 1:1:1 to 3 treatment groups; each group was force- ...
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Journal ArticleHeartDrug · December 8, 2003
The precise control of body water and solute concentrations is a function of several hormones acting on both the kidneys and circulatory system, with arginine vasopressin (AVP) playing a key role in this homeostatic process. Vasopressin, also known as anti ...
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Journal ArticleAm Heart J · November 2003
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that effects on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) may differ among statins. METHODS: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-dose study was conducted in 917 hypercholesterolemic patients to compa ...
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Journal ArticleClin Breast Cancer · August 2003
Our group has demonstrated that tangential radiation therapy (RT) to the left breast or chest wall can cause perfusion changes in the anterior myocardium. We assess if RT-induced perfusion changes are associated with the development of symptoms consistent ...
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Journal ArticleEuropean Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · January 1, 2002
Background Cardiovascular risk might be reduced by targeted changes in both low density and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C). This dual strategy will require a well tolerated, effective regimen, as well as a better understanding of ho ...
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Journal ArticleBreast Cancer Research and Treatment · December 1, 2001
Purpose: To determine the incidence/severity of regional cardiac perfusion abnormalities in patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) to the left breast/chest wall +/- chemotherapy (CTx). Methods: 80 patients with left-sided breast cancer underwent rest ...
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Journal ArticleArch Intern Med · October 8, 2001
BACKGROUND: To handle the increasing complexity of congestive heart failure (CHF) care, several new models for the care of patients with CHF have been developed to replace traditional strategies. We undertook this study to evaluate the potential benefit of ...
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Journal ArticleArch Intern Med · August 13, 2001
BACKGROUND: Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) may have a high prevalence of depression, which may increase the risk of adverse outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and relationship of depression to outcomes of patients hospitalized w ...
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Journal ArticleAm Heart J · August 2001
BACKGROUND: The A-to-Z Trial is an ongoing international, multicenter, randomized study designed to investigate 2 issues concerning contemporary care of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The first issue is whether the use of low-molecular-weigh ...
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Journal ArticleArch Intern Med · April 24, 2000
OBJECTIVE: To provide a direct comparison of agents that raise plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to help devise strategies for coronary risk reduction. METHODS: In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial, we compared the e ...
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Journal ArticleHosp Pract (1995) · April 15, 2000
Acute coronary syndromes is a new term that encompasses the many permutations of acute ischemic heart disease. Management guidelines can help steer clinicians through diagnosis and facilitate rational selection of therapy from the myriad of available treat ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Opin Cardiol · July 1999
Currently 14 million individuals in the United States have coronary disease. Within the next 2 decades, this number is expected to increase to 21 million persons. To minimize the excessive risk of recurrent cardiac events in these people, evidence-based, c ...
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Journal ArticleCardiol Clin · May 1999
Worldwide, UA represents a significant allocation of resources. UA represents a syndrome where not only do many therapies exist, but considerable clinical trial evidence has accumulated. Universal application of effective practice patterns is warranted if ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · November 3, 1998
BACKGROUND: The vascular endothelium is anatomically intact but functionally abnormal in preatherosclerotic states, and an early deficit in the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) or related molecules has been described in both humans and animal models. W ...
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Journal ArticleCirc Res · June 29, 1998
Acute injury after adenoviral vascular gene transfer remains incompletely characterized. Here, we describe the early response (< or =days) in 52 New Zealand White rabbits undergoing gene transfer (beta-galactosidase or empty vector) or sham procedures to b ...
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Journal ArticleHeart · May 1, 1998
Background: The vascular endothelium is anatomically intact but functionally abnormal in preatherosclerotic states. In particular, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is reduced and may play a role in disease progression. We investigated whether targeted vas ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biol Chem · March 6, 1998
Calmodulin (CaM) binding activates neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS) catalytic functions and also up-regulates electron transfer into its flavin and heme centers. Here, we utilized seven tight binding CaM-troponin C chimeras, which variably activate nN ...
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Journal ArticleFASEB Journal · December 1, 1997
Calmodulin (CaM) activates neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) catalytic functions and upregulates electron transfer into its flavin and heme centers. We utilized CaM-troponin C chimeras which variably activate nNOS NO synthesis to examine the relationsh ...
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Journal ArticleCardiovasc Res · September 1997
OBJECTIVES: Gene therapy may provide new approaches to reduce vein graft failure following coronary or peripheral bypass surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative efficacy of intraoperative adenoviral gene transfer to vein grafts, comp ...
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Journal ArticleHeart · May 1, 1997
Recombinant adenoviruses are attractive vectors for in-vivo vascular gene therapy, although chronic inflammation and transgene loss results from host immunity to viral proteins. However, early acute effects of adenovirus may also have important implication ...
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Journal ArticleHeart · May 1, 1997
Nitric oxide (NO) has key regulatory roles in the cardiovascular system. NO production is defective in injured or diseased vessels and restoration of NO production inhibits the sequelae of vessel injury. The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms are therefo ...
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Journal ArticleHeart · May 1, 1997
Nitric oxide (NO), generated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), has key regulatory roles in the normal pulmonary circulation, and also inhibits pathological processes such as platelet aggregation, neutrophil adhesion and smooth muscle cell proliferation. NO p ...
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Journal ArticleVascular and Endovascular Surgery · January 1, 1997
Gene transfer technologies offer great potential both to investigate and alter the course of vessel wall pathophysiology. Replication-deficient adenovirus vectors appear particu larly useful for the transfection of blood vessels, because of their ability t ...
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Journal ArticleCardiovasc Res · November 1996
OBJECTIVES: Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) generate nitric oxide (NO), a second messenger with key regulatory roles. In the cardiovascular system, deficient endothelial NO production is an early, persistent feature of atherosclerosis and vascular injury. Acc ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Investigative Medicine · January 1, 1996
Recombinant adenovtruses have emerged as a promising vehicle for in-vlvo gene therapy. One major limitation of this method Is decreased recombinant gene expression due to host Immunity. To assess the relative Importance of host factors In reducing transgen ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Investigative Medicine · January 1, 1996
Adenoviral gene transfer to the arterial wall is a promising therapeutic strategy for gene therapy of various cardiovascular diseases. Because endothelial loss is an common feature of vascular Injury states, we quantitatively compared the relative efficien ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biol Chem · December 8, 1995
The neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) requires calmodulin for nitric oxide producing activity. Calmodulin functions as a molecular switch, allowing electron transport from the carboxyl-terminal reductase domain of nitric oxide synthase to it ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · January 17, 1995
Inhibition of cell growth by type beta transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) occurs in mid-G1 and is associated with decreased G1 cyclin-dependent kinase activity and maintenance of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein Rb in an underphosphorylated, ...
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Journal ArticleHeart Dis Stroke · 1992
For years the conventional approach to treatment of atrial fibrillation has centered around use of digoxin for rate control and type IA agents for conversion to normal sinus rhythm and has avoided use of anticoagulation therapy for most patients. Current d ...
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