Scholars@Duke
Jana Schaich Borg

Jana Schaich Borg

Associate Research Professor in the Social Science Research Institute
Social Science Research Institute

Selected Publications

The AI field needs translational Ethical AI research

Journal Article AI Magazine · September 1, 2022 Calls for Ethical AI have become urgent and pervasive, especially as ethical issues surrounding AI products at tech companies are increasingly scrutinized by the public. Yet even after a first wave of responses to these calls coalesced around Ethical AI pr ... Full text Cite

Computational ethics.

Journal Article Trends in cognitive sciences · May 2022 Technological advances are enabling roles for machines that present novel ethical challenges. The study of 'AI ethics' has emerged to confront these challenges, and connects perspectives from philosophy, computer science, law, and economics. Less represent ... Full text Cite

Which features of patients are morally relevant in ventilator triage? A survey of the UK public.

Journal Article BMC medical ethics · March 2022 BackgroundIn the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, many health systems, including those in the UK, developed triage guidelines to manage severe shortages of ventilators. At present, there is an insufficient understanding of how the public vie ... Full text Cite

Indecision Modeling

Journal Article 35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021 · January 1, 2021 AI systems are often used to make or contribute to important decisions in a growing range of applications, including criminal justice, hiring, and medicine. Since these decisions impact human lives, it is important that the AI systems act in ways which ali ... Cite

Four investment areas for ethical AI: Transdisciplinary opportunities to close the publication-to-practice gap

Journal Article Big Data and Society · January 1, 2021 Big Data and Artificial Intelligence have a symbiotic relationship. Artificial Intelligence needs to be trained on Big Data to be accurate, and Big Data's value is largely realized through its use by Artificial Intelligence. As a result, Big Data and Artif ... Full text Cite

Bayesian time-aligned factor analysis of paired multivariate time series.

Journal Article Journal of machine learning research : JMLR · January 2021 Many modern data sets require inference methods that can estimate the shared and individual-specific components of variability in collections of matrices that change over time. Promising methods have been developed to analyze these types of data in static ... Cite

Predicting Trust Using Automated Assessment of Multivariate Interactional Synchrony

Conference Proceedings - 2021 16th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, FG 2021 · January 1, 2021 Diverse disciplines are interested in how the coordination of interacting agents' movements, emotions, and physiology over time impacts social behavior. Here, we describe a new multivariate procedure for automating the investigation of this kind of behavio ... Full text Cite

Adapting a kidney exchange algorithm to align with human values

Journal Article Artificial Intelligence · June 1, 2020 The efficient and fair allocation of limited resources is a classical problem in economics and computer science. In kidney exchanges, a central market maker allocates living kidney donors to patients in need of an organ. Patients and donors in kidney excha ... Full text Cite

Artificial artificial intelligence: Measuring influence of AI 'Assessments' on moral decision-making

Journal Article AIES 2020 - Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society · February 7, 2020 Given AI's growing role in modeling and improving decision-making, how and when to present users with feedback is an urgent topic to address. We empirically examined the effect of feedback from false AI on moral decision-making about donor kidney allocatio ... Full text Cite

Disgust Theory Through the Lens of Psychiatric Medicine

Journal Article Clinical Psychological Science · January 1, 2020 The elicitors of disgust are heterogeneous, which makes attributing one function to disgust challenging. Theorists have proposed that disgust solves multiple adaptive problems and comprises multiple functional domains. However, theories conflict with regar ... Full text Cite

Computer vision analysis captures atypical attention in toddlers with autism.

Journal Article Autism · April 2019 To demonstrate the capability of computer vision analysis to detect atypical orienting and attention behaviors in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder. One hundered and four toddlers of 16-31 months old (mean = 22) participated in this study. Twenty-two ... Full text Link to item Cite

When Do People Want AI to Make Decisions?

Conference AIES 2018 - Proceedings of the 2018 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society · December 27, 2018 AI systems are now or will soon be sophisticated enough to make consequential decisions. Although this technology has flourished, we also need public appraisals of AI systems playing these more important roles. This article reports surveys of preferences f ... Full text Cite

Adapting a Kidney Exchange Algorithm to Align with Human Values

Conference Proceedings of the 2018 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society · December 27, 2018 Full text Cite

Moral decision making frameworks for artificial intelligence

Conference International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics, ISAIM 2018 · January 1, 2018 The generality of decision and game theory has enabled domain-independent progress in AI research. For example, a better algorithm for finding good policies in (PO)MDPs can be instantly used in a variety of applications. But such a general theory is lackin ... Cite

Adapting a kidney exchange algorithm to align with human values

Conference 32nd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2018 · January 1, 2018 The efficient allocation of limited resources is a classical problem in economics and computer science. In kidney exchanges, a central market maker allocates living kidney donors to patients in need of an organ. Patients and donors in kidney exchanges are ... Cite

Automatic emotion and attention analysis of young children at home: a ResearchKit autism feasibility study.

Journal Article NPJ Digit Med · 2018 Current tools for objectively measuring young children's observed behaviors are expensive, time-consuming, and require extensive training and professional administration. The lack of scalable, reliable, and validated tools impacts access to evidence-based ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Rat intersubjective decisions are encoded by frequency-specific oscillatory contexts.

Journal Article Brain Behav · June 2017 INTRODUCTION: It is unknown how the brain coordinates decisions to withstand personal costs in order to prevent other individuals' distress. Here we test whether local field potential (LFP) oscillations between brain regions create "neural contexts" that s ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Moral decision making frameworks for artificial intelligence

Conference AAAI Workshop - Technical Report · January 1, 2017 The generality of decision and game theory has enabled domain-independent progress in AI research. For example, a better algorithm for finding good policies in (PO)MDPs can be instantly used in a variety of applications. But such a general theory is lackin ... Cite

Distinct neuronal patterns of positive and negative moral processing in psychopathy.

Journal Article Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · December 2016 Psychopathy is a disorder characterized by severe and frequent moral violations in multiple domains of life. Numerous studies have shown psychopathy-related limbic brain abnormalities during moral processing; however, these studies only examined negatively ... Full text Cite

Abnormal fronto-limbic engagement in incarcerated stimulant users during moral processing.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology · September 2016 RationaleStimulant use is a significant and prevalent problem, particularly in criminal populations. Previous studies found that cocaine and methamphetamine use is related to impairment in identifying emotions and empathy. Stimulant users also hav ... Full text Cite

Localization of Metal Electrodes in the Intact Rat Brain Using Registration of 3D Microcomputed Tomography Images to a Magnetic Resonance Histology Atlas.

Journal Article eNeuro · 2015 Simultaneous neural recordings taken from multiple areas of the rodent brain are garnering growing interest due to the insight they can provide about spatially distributed neural circuitry. The promise of such recordings has inspired great progress in meth ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A scalable app for measuring autism risk behaviors in young children: A technical validity and feasibility study

Journal Article Proceedings of the 5th EAI International Conference on Wireless Mobile Communication and Healthcare · 2015 Link to item Cite

Analysis of Brain States from Multi-Region LFP Time-Series

Conference Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems · 2014 Cite

On the Relationship Between LFP & Spiking Data

Conference Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems · 2014 Cite

Subcomponents of psychopathy have opposing correlations with punishment judgments.

Journal Article Journal of personality and social psychology · October 2013 Psychopathy research is plagued by an enigma: Psychopaths reliably act immorally, but they also accurately report whether an action is morally wrong. The current study revealed that cooperative suppressor effects and conflicting subsets of personality trai ... Full text Cite

Neural basis of moral verdict and moral deliberation.

Journal Article Social neuroscience · January 2011 How people judge something to be morally right or wrong is a fundamental question of both the sciences and the humanities. Here we aim to identify the neural processes that underlie the specific conclusion that something is morally wrong. To do this, we in ... Full text Cite

Sleep and metabolism: role of hypothalamic neuronal circuitry.

Journal Article Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · October 2010 Sleep and metabolism are intertwined physiologically and behaviorally, but the neural systems underlying their coordination are still poorly understood. The hypothalamus is likely to play a major role in the regulation sleep, metabolism, and their interact ... Full text Cite

The brain hypocretins and their receptors: mediators of allostatic arousal.

Journal Article Current opinion in pharmacology · February 2009 The hypocretins (abbreviated 'Hcrts' - also called 'orexins') are two neuropeptides secreted exclusively by a small population of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. These peptides bind to two receptors located throughout the brain in nuclei associated wi ... Full text Cite

Infection, incest, and iniquity: investigating the neural correlates of disgust and morality.

Journal Article Journal of cognitive neuroscience · September 2008 Disgust, an emotion related to avoiding harmful substances, has been linked to moral judgments in many behavioral studies. However, the fact that participants report feelings of disgust when thinking about feces and a heinous crime does not necessarily ind ... Full text Cite

S.03.01 The neurobiology of hypocretins/orexins in narcolepsy and arousal

Conference European Neuropsychopharmacology · August 2008 Full text Cite

Motor experience with graspable objects reduces their implicit analysis in visual- and motor-related cortex.

Journal Article Brain research · June 2006 Motor-related regions of parietal and prefrontal cortices have been shown to selectively activate when observers passively view objects that afford manual grasping. Yet, it remains unknown whether these cortical responses depend on prior motor-related expe ... Full text Cite

Consequences, action, and intention as factors in moral judgments: an FMRI investigation.

Journal Article Journal of cognitive neuroscience · May 2006 The traditional philosophical doctrines of Consequentialism, Doing and Allowing, and Double Effect prescribe that moral judgments and decisions should be based on consequences, action (as opposed to inaction), and intention. This study uses functional magn ... Full text Cite

Placing a tool in the spotlight: spatial attention modulates visuomotor responses in cortex.

Journal Article NeuroImage · May 2005 Visual spatial attention has long been associated with facilitatory effects on visual perception. Here, we report that spatial attention can also modulate implicit visuomotor processing in dorsal regions of human cortex. Participants underwent fMRI scannin ... Full text Cite

On the relationship between LFP & spiking data

Conference One of the goals of neuroscience is to identify neural networks that correlate with important behaviors, environments, or genotypes. This work proposes a strategy for identifying neural networks characterized by time- and frequency-dependent connectivity p ... Cite

On the relationship between LFP & spiking data

Conference One of the goals of neuroscience is to identify neural networks that correlate with important behaviors, environments, or genotypes. This work proposes a strategy for identifying neural networks characterized by time- and frequency-dependent connectivity p ... Cite

Analysis of brain states from multi-region LFP time-series

Conference The local field potential (LFP) is a source of information about the broad patterns of brain activity, and the frequencies present in these time-series measurements are often highly correlated between regions. It is believed that these regions may jointly ... Cite

Moral Decision Making Frameworks for Artificial Intelligence

Conference The generality of decision and game theory has enabled domain-independent progress in AI research. For example, a better algorithm for finding good policies in (PO)MDPs can be instantly used in a variety of applications. But such a general theory is lackin ... Cite