Carol Anne Colton
Professor in Neurology
Dr. Colton's research has centered on the study of chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. These diseases have a neuroinflammatory component involving the innate immune system in the CNS. Dr. Colton was among the first scientists to demonstrate that microglia are CNS macrophages and, like other tissue macrophages, respond to injury in the CNS by "killing" invading organisms. Microglia then help to orchestrate the "repair" process after injury. Recent research has focused on the regulation of microglial reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species production as well as other cytoactive macrophage products that are made during the classical and alternative activation states associated with chronic neurodegeneration. Knowledge gained from the basic research program has been translated to the development of novel and extremely useful mouse models of Alzheimer's disease that enable pre-clinical testing of basic mechanisms and of potential therapeutics.
Current Appointments & Affiliations
- Professor in Neurology, Neurology, Behavioral Neurology, Neurology 2021
- Professor in Pathology, Pathology, Clinical Science Departments 2020
- Faculty Network Member of the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, University Institutes and Centers 2011
Contact Information
- 201H Bryan Res Bldg, Durham, NC 27710
- Duke Box 2900, Durham, NC 27710
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carol.colton@duke.edu
(919) 668-2758
- Background
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Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Rutgers University 1973
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Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Professor in Neurology, Neurology, Behavioral Neurology, Neurology 2013 - 2020
- Professor in Medicine, Neurology, Clinical Science Departments 2006 - 2013
- Research Professor in Medicine, Neurology, Clinical Science Departments 2001 - 2006
- Instructor, Temporary in the Department of Medicine, Neurology, Clinical Science Departments 2000 - 2001
- Recognition
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In the News
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JUN 10, 2015 The Huffington Post -
APR 17, 2015 WNYC-PRI’s “The Takeaway" -
APR 16, 2015 CBS News -
APR 15, 2015 The Independent -
APR 15, 2015 TIME -
APR 14, 2015 -
AUG 11, 2014
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- Research
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Selected Grants
- Extracranial Brain Stimulation Reduces Metabolic Insufficiency Through Enhanced Cerebral Blood Flow in CVN-AD Alzheimer's Model awarded by National Institutes of Health 2022 - 2026
- Duke Creating ADRD Researchers for the Next Generation - Stimulating Access to Research in Residency Program (CARiNG-StARR)" awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2024
- Brain networks in mouse models of aging awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
- Gender and APOE genotype interact to alter immune regulated metabolism in AD awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
- Role of Rab10 in Alzheimer's disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2022 - 2024
- Cardiac photon counting CT and its application in studying interactions between Alzheimer's and heart disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2021 - 2024
- Bioelectronic regulation of CNS lymphatic drainage in delirium and AD. awarded by Alzheimer's Association 2019 - 2023
- Neurovascular dysfunction in delirium superimposed on dementia awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2023
- Interactions between the immune system, genetics and environmental mitochondrial toxicants in models of Parkinson's disease awarded by Department of Defense 2020 - 2022
- The Effect of Exercise Type, Dose, and Intensity on Plasma Amyloid Beta and Tau in Healthy Adults awarded by Dementia Alliance of North Carolina 2019 - 2021
- Novel Orally Available Prodrugs for Alzheimer's Disease awarded by RESILIO THERAPEUTICS, LLC 2017 - 2020
- Immune-based nutrient deprivation and neurodegenerative disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2020
- Onset of immune pathlogy in AD awarded by Alzheimer's Association 2016 - 2019
- Thermo Lumos Tribrid High-Resolution Accurate-Mass Tandem Mass Spectrometer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2019
- Gender and APOE genotype interact to alter immune regulated metabolism in AD awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2019
- Hippocampal Neurovascular Plasticity in CVN-AD Mouse: Fornix-Septal Stimulation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2019
- Quantitative MR Microscopy of Phenotypic Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2018
- Immune regulated amino acid pathways in Alzheimer's Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2018
- Immunosuppression in humans with AD awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2018
- UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS HARRINGTON DISCOVERY INSTITUTE ADDF HARRINGTON SCHOLAR GRANT AGREEMENT awarded by UH Harrington Discovery Institute 2015 - 2017
- Slowing arginine utilization by inhibiting arginase and ornithine decarboxylase with DFMO awarded by Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation 2014 - 2016
- Instrumentation for Quantitative Phosphoproteomics and Acetylomics awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2015
- A Mouse Model of Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2014
- The amyloid cascade in a novel mouse model of Alzheimer's disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2014
- Creating a mouse model for neurodegenerative disease by "humanizing" NOS2 awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2012
- Increasing sensitivity to enviromental stress by humanizing NOS2 in mouse awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2012
- Dysregulation of the neurovascular unit in Alzheimer's Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2010
- Immune Responsiveness, APOE/Gender in Neurodegeneration awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2009
- Regulation of neuronal NO by apolipoprotein E awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2007
- Regulation of microglial activation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2001 - 2005
- Regulation of microglial function by ApoE awarded by National Institutes of Health 1998 - 2003
- Publications & Artistic Works
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Selected Publications
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Academic Articles
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Velagapudi, R., W. J. Huffman, X. Zhang, C. A. Colton, and N. Terrando. “Percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation modulates glia activity and rescues acute Aβ deposition in a mouse model of delirium superimposed on dementia.” Alzheimer’S &Amp; Dementia : The Journal of the Alzheimer’S Association 17 (December 1, 2021): e056571. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.056571.Full Text
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Turner, Dennis A., Simone Degan, Ulrike Hoffmann, Francesca Galeffi, and Carol A. Colton. “CVN-AD Alzheimer's mice show premature reduction in neurovascular coupling in response to spreading depression and anoxia compared to aged controls.” Alzheimers Dement 17, no. 7 (July 2021): 1109–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12289.Full Text Link to Item
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Adams, Kendra J., Joan G. Wilson, David S. Millington, M Arthur Moseley, Carol A. Colton, J Will Thompson, and W Kirby Gottschalk. “Capillary Electrophoresis-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Measuring In Vivo Arginine Isotope Incorporation in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models.” J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 32, no. 6 (June 2, 2021): 1448–58. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.1c00055.Full Text Open Access Copy Link to Item
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Bryan, Jordan, Arpita Mandan, Gauri Kamat, W Kirby Gottschalk, Alexandra Badea, Kendra J. Adams, J Will Thompson, et al. “Likelihood ratio statistics for gene set enrichment in Alzheimer's disease pathways.” Alzheimers Dement 17, no. 4 (April 2021): 561–73. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12223.Full Text Link to Item
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York, Audra, Angela Everhart, Michael P. Vitek, Kirby W. Gottschalk, and Carol A. Colton. “Metabolism-Based Gene Differences in Neurons Expressing Hyperphosphorylated AT8- Positive (AT8+) Tau in Alzheimer's Disease.” Asn Neuro 13 (January 2021): 17590914211019444. https://doi.org/10.1177/17590914211019443.Full Text Link to Item
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Wang, Ping, Ravikanth Velagapudi, Cuicui Kong, Ramona M. Rodriguiz, William C. Wetsel, Ting Yang, Miles Berger, Harris A. Gelbard, Carol A. Colton, and Niccolò Terrando. “Neurovascular and immune mechanisms that regulate postoperative delirium superimposed on dementia.” Alzheimers Dement 16, no. 5 (May 2020): 734–49. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12064.Full Text Link to Item
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Adams, Kendra J., Brian Pratt, Neelanjan Bose, Laura G. Dubois, Lisa St John-Williams, Kevin M. Perrott, Karina Ky, et al. “Skyline for Small Molecules: A Unifying Software Package for Quantitative Metabolomics.” J Proteome Res 19, no. 4 (April 3, 2020): 1447–58. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00640.Full Text Link to Item
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Badea, Alexandra, Natalie A. Delpratt, R. J. Anderson, Russell Dibb, Yi Qi, Hongjiang Wei, Chunlei Liu, William C. Wetsel, Brian B. Avants, and Carol Colton. “Multivariate MR biomarkers better predict cognitive dysfunction in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.” Magn Reson Imaging 60 (July 2019): 52–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2019.03.022.Full Text Link to Item
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Badea, Alexandra, Wenlin Wu, Jordan Shuff, Michele Wang, Robert J. Anderson, Yi Qi, G Allan Johnson, et al. “Identifying Vulnerable Brain Networks in Mouse Models of Genetic Risk Factors for Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease.” Front Neuroinform 13 (2019): 72. https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2019.00072.Full Text Link to Item
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Klein, Robyn S., Rhonda Voskuhl, Benjamin M. Segal, Bonnie N. Dittel, Thomas E. Lane, John R. Bethea, Monica J. Carson, et al. “Speaking out about gender imbalance in invited speakers improves diversity.” Nat Immunol 18, no. 5 (April 18, 2017): 475–78. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.3707.Full Text Link to Item
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Badea, Alexandra, Lauren Kane, Robert J. Anderson, Yi Qi, Mark Foster, Gary P. Cofer, Neil Medvitz, et al. “The fornix provides multiple biomarkers to characterize circuit disruption in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.” Neuroimage 142 (November 15, 2016): 498–511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.014.Full Text Link to Item
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Maharshak, Idit, Shiran Salomon-Zimri, Ran Antes, Ori Liraz, Yael Nisgav, Tami Livnat, Dov Weinberger, Carol A. Colton, Arieh S. Solomon, and Daniel M. Michaelson. “The effects of the apoE4 genotype on the developing mouse retina.” Exp Eye Res 145 (April 2016): 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2015.11.001.Full Text Link to Item
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Brown, Candice M., Cheryl D. Bushnell, Gregory P. Samsa, Larry B. Goldstein, and Carol A. Colton. “Chronic Systemic Immune Dysfunction in African-Americans with Small Vessel-Type Ischemic Stroke.” Transl Stroke Res 6, no. 6 (December 2015): 430–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-015-0424-8.Full Text Link to Item
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Kan, Matthew J., Jennifer E. Lee, Joan G. Wilson, Angela L. Everhart, Candice M. Brown, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Marilyn Jansen, Michael P. Vitek, Michael D. Gunn, and Carol A. Colton. “Arginine deprivation and immune suppression in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.” J Neurosci 35, no. 15 (April 15, 2015): 5969–82. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4668-14.2015.Full Text Link to Item
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Hoos, Michael D., Michael P. Vitek, Lisa A. Ridnour, Joan Wilson, Marilyn Jansen, Angela Everhart, David A. Wink, and Carol A. Colton. “The impact of human and mouse differences in NOS2 gene expression on the brain's redox and immune environment.” Mol Neurodegener 9 (November 17, 2014): 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1326-9-50.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A., Joan G. Wilson, Angela Everhart, Donna M. Wilcock, Jukka Puoliväli, Taneli Heikkinen, Juho Oksman, et al. “mNos2 deletion and human NOS2 replacement in Alzheimer disease models.” J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 73, no. 8 (August 2014): 752–69. https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0000000000000094.Full Text Link to Item
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Hoos, Michael D., Brenna M. Richardson, Matthew W. Foster, Angela Everhart, J Will Thompson, M Arthur Moseley, and Carol A. Colton. “Longitudinal study of differential protein expression in an Alzheimer's mouse model lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase.” J Proteome Res 12, no. 10 (October 4, 2013): 4462–77. https://doi.org/10.1021/pr4005103.Full Text Link to Item
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Bourassa, Megan W., Andreana C. Leskovjan, Ryan V. Tappero, Erik R. Farquhar, Carol A. Colton, William E. Van Nostrand, and Lisa M. Miller. “Elevated copper in the amyloid plaques and iron in the cortex are observed in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease that exhibit neurodegeneration.” Biomed Spectrosc Imaging 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 129–39. https://doi.org/10.3233/BSI-130041.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A. “Immune heterogeneity in neuroinflammation: dendritic cells in the brain.” J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 8, no. 1 (March 2013): 145–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-012-9414-8.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A. “Microglial-neuronal interactions during neurodegenerative diseases.” J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 8, no. 1 (March 2013): 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-013-9437-9.Full Text Link to Item
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Ridnour, Lisa A., Sneha Dhanapal, Michael Hoos, Joan Wilson, Jennifer Lee, Robert Y. S. Cheng, Ernst E. Brueggemann, et al. “Nitric oxide-mediated regulation of β-amyloid clearance via alterations of MMP-9/TIMP-1.” J Neurochem 123, no. 5 (December 2012): 736–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.12028.Full Text Link to Item
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Sudduth, Tiffany L., Joan G. Wilson, Angela Everhart, Carol A. Colton, and Donna M. Wilcock. “Lithium treatment of APPSwDI/NOS2-/- mice leads to reduced hyperphosphorylated tau, increased amyloid deposition and altered inflammatory phenotype.” Plos One 7, no. 2 (2012): e31993. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031993.Full Text Link to Item
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Vitek, M. P., D. J. Christensen, D. Wilcock, J. Davis, W. E. Van Nostrand, F. Q. Li, and C. A. Colton. “APOE-mimetic peptides reduce behavioral deficits, plaques and tangles in Alzheimer's disease transgenics.” Neurodegener Dis 10, no. 1–4 (2012): 122–26. https://doi.org/10.1159/000334914.Full Text Link to Item
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Xu, Feng, Michael P. Vitek, Carol A. Colton, Mary Lou Previti, Judianne Davis, and William E. Van Nostrand. “Human apolipoprotein E2 promotes parenchymal amyloid deposition and neuronal loss in vasculotropic mutant amyloid-β protein Tg-SwDI mice.” J Alzheimers Dis 31, no. 2 (2012): 359–69. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2012-120421.Full Text Link to Item
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Wilcock, D. M., and C. A. Colton. “Anti-amyloid-β immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease: Relevance of transgenic mouse studies to clinical trials.” Advances in Alzheimer’S Disease 1 (December 1, 2011): 247–61. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-733-8-247.Full Text
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Wilcock, Donna M., Qun Zhao, Dave Morgan, Marcia N. Gordon, Angela Everhart, Joan G. Wilson, Jennifer E. Lee, and Carol A. Colton. “Diverse inflammatory responses in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and the effect of immunotherapy on these responses.” Asn Neuro 3, no. 5 (November 30, 2011): 249–58. https://doi.org/10.1042/AN20110018.Full Text Link to Item
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Shineman, Diana W., Guriqbal S. Basi, Jennifer L. Bizon, Carol A. Colton, Barry D. Greenberg, Beth A. Hollister, John Lincecum, et al. “Accelerating drug discovery for Alzheimer's disease: best practices for preclinical animal studies.” Alzheimers Res Ther 3, no. 5 (September 28, 2011): 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/alzrt90.Full Text Link to Item
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Wilcock, Donna M., Dave Morgan, Marcia N. Gordon, Tiffany L. Taylor, Lisa A. Ridnour, David A. Wink, and Carol A. Colton. “Activation of matrix metalloproteinases following anti-Aβ immunotherapy; implications for microhemorrhage occurrence.” J Neuroinflammation 8 (September 9, 2011): 115. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-8-115.Full Text Link to Item
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Wink, David A., Harry B. Hines, Robert Y. S. Cheng, Christopher H. Switzer, Wilmarie Flores-Santana, Michael P. Vitek, Lisa A. Ridnour, and Carol A. Colton. “Nitric oxide and redox mechanisms in the immune response.” J Leukoc Biol 89, no. 6 (June 2011): 873–91. https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1010550.Full Text Link to Item
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Christensen, Dale J., Nobutaka Ohkubo, Jessica Oddo, Michael J. Van Kanegan, Jessica Neil, Fengqiao Li, Carol A. Colton, and Michael P. Vitek. “Apolipoprotein E and peptide mimetics modulate inflammation by binding the SET protein and activating protein phosphatase 2A.” J Immunol 186, no. 4 (February 15, 2011): 2535–42. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1002847.Full Text Link to Item
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Van Nostrand, William E., Feng Xu, Annemieke J. M. Rozemuller, and Carol A. Colton. “Enhanced capillary amyloid angiopathy-associated pathology in Tg-SwDI mice with deleted nitric oxide synthase 2.” Stroke 41, no. 10 Suppl (October 2010): S135–38. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.595272.Full Text Link to Item
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Li, Feng-Qiao, Kenneth A. Fowler, Jessica E. Neil, Carol A. Colton, and Michael P. Vitek. “An apolipoprotein E-mimetic stimulates axonal regeneration and remyelination after peripheral nerve injury.” J Pharmacol Exp Ther 334, no. 1 (July 2010): 106–15. https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.110.167882.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A., and Donna M. Wilcock. “Assessing activation states in microglia.” Cns Neurol Disord Drug Targets 9, no. 2 (April 2010): 174–91. https://doi.org/10.2174/187152710791012053.Full Text Link to Item
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Wu, Junfang, Soonmoon Yoo, Donna Wilcock, Judith M. Lytle, Philberta Y. Leung, Carol A. Colton, and Jean R. Wrathall. “Interaction of NG2(+) glial progenitors and microglia/macrophages from the injured spinal cord.” Glia 58, no. 4 (March 2010): 410–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20932.Full Text Link to Item
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Wilcock, D. M., N. Gharkholonarehe, W. E. Van Nostrand, J. Davis, M. P. Vitek, and C. A. Colton. “Amyloid reduction by amyloid-β vaccination also reduces mouse tau pathology and protects from neuron loss in two mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (The Journal of Neuroscience (2009) (7957-7965)).” Journal of Neuroscience 30, no. 3 (January 20, 2010): 1197–98.
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Colton, Carol A. “Heterogeneity of microglial activation in the innate immune response in the brain.” J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 4, no. 4 (December 2009): 399–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-009-9164-4.Full Text Link to Item
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Vitek, Michael P., Candice M. Brown, and Carol A. Colton. “APOE genotype-specific differences in the innate immune response.” Neurobiol Aging 30, no. 9 (September 2009): 1350–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.11.014.Full Text Link to Item
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Wilcock, Donna M., Nastaran Gharkholonarehe, William E. Van Nostrand, Judianne Davis, Michael P. Vitek, and Carol A. Colton. “Amyloid reduction by amyloid-beta vaccination also reduces mouse tau pathology and protects from neuron loss in two mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.” J Neurosci 29, no. 25 (June 24, 2009): 7957–65. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1339-09.2009.Full Text Link to Item
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Wilcock, D. M., M. P. Vitek, and C. A. Colton. “Vascular amyloid alters astrocytic water and potassium channels in mouse models and humans with Alzheimer's disease.” Neuroscience 159, no. 3 (March 31, 2009): 1055–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.01.023.Full Text Link to Item
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Wilcock, Donna M., and Carol A. Colton. “Immunotherapy, vascular pathology, and microhemorrhages in transgenic mice.” Cns Neurol Disord Drug Targets 8, no. 1 (March 2009): 50–64. https://doi.org/10.2174/187152709787601858.Full Text Link to Item
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Wilcock, Donna M., and Carol A. Colton. “Anti-amyloid-beta immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease: relevance of transgenic mouse studies to clinical trials.” J Alzheimers Dis 15, no. 4 (December 2008): 555–69. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2008-15404.Full Text Link to Item
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Brown, Candice M., Emily Choi, Qing Xu, Michael P. Vitek, and Carol A. Colton. “The APOE4 genotype alters the response of microglia and macrophages to 17beta-estradiol.” Neurobiol Aging 29, no. 12 (December 2008): 1783–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.04.018.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A., Donna M. Wilcock, David A. Wink, Judianne Davis, William E. Van Nostrand, and Michael P. Vitek. “The effects of NOS2 gene deletion on mice expressing mutated human AbetaPP.” J Alzheimers Dis 15, no. 4 (December 2008): 571–87. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2008-15405.Full Text Link to Item
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Thomas, Douglas D., Lisa A. Ridnour, Jeffrey S. Isenberg, Wilmarie Flores-Santana, Christopher H. Switzer, Sonia Donzelli, Perwez Hussain, et al. “The chemical biology of nitric oxide: implications in cellular signaling.” Free Radic Biol Med 45, no. 1 (July 1, 2008): 18–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.03.020.Full Text Link to Item
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Xu, Feng, Michael P. Vitek, Carol A. Colton, Mary Lou Previti, Nastaran Gharkholonarehe, Judianne Davis, and William E. Van Nostrand. “Human apolipoprotein E redistributes fibrillar amyloid deposition in Tg-SwDI mice.” J Neurosci 28, no. 20 (May 14, 2008): 5312–20. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1042-08.2008.Full Text Link to Item
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Wilcock, Donna M., Matthew R. Lewis, William E. Van Nostrand, Judianne Davis, Mary Lou Previti, Nastaran Gharkholonarehe, Michael P. Vitek, and Carol A. Colton. “Progression of amyloid pathology to Alzheimer's disease pathology in an amyloid precursor protein transgenic mouse model by removal of nitric oxide synthase 2.” J Neurosci 28, no. 7 (February 13, 2008): 1537–45. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5066-07.2008.Full Text Link to Item
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Hutchinson, D., V. Ho, M. Dodd, H. N. Dawson, A. C. Zumwalt, D. Schmitt, and C. A. Colton. “Quantitative measurement of postural sway in mouse models of human neurodegenerative disease.” Neuroscience 148, no. 4 (September 21, 2007): 825–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.07.025.Full Text Link to Item
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Brown, Candice M., Qing Xu, Nobutaka Okhubo, Michael P. Vitek, and Carol A. Colton. “Androgen-mediated immune function is altered by the apolipoprotein E gene.” Endocrinology 148, no. 7 (July 2007): 3383–90. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2006-1200.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., M. P. Vitek, D. A. Wink, Q. Xu, V. Cantillana, M. L. Previti, W. E. Van Nostrand, J. B. Weinberg, and H. Dawson. “Erratum: NO synthase 2 (NOS2) deletion promotes multiple pathologies in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (August 22, 2006) 103, 34 (12867-1872) DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0601075103).” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103, no. 41 (October 10, 2006): 15273. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0607808103.Full Text
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Colton, Carol A., Ryan T. Mott, Hayley Sharpe, Qing Xu, William E. Van Nostrand, and Michael P. Vitek. “Expression profiles for macrophage alternative activation genes in AD and in mouse models of AD.” J Neuroinflammation 3 (September 27, 2006): 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-3-27.Full Text Link to Item
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Bushnell, Cheryl D., Patricia Hurn, Carol Colton, Virginia M. Miller, Gregory del Zoppo, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Barney Stern, et al. “Advancing the study of stroke in women: summary and recommendations for future research from an NINDS-Sponsored Multidisciplinary Working Group.” Stroke 37, no. 9 (September 2006): 2387–99. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000236053.37695.15.Full Text Link to Item
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Li, Feng-Qiao, Gregory D. Sempowski, Suzanne E. McKenna, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Carol A. Colton, and Michael P. Vitek. “Apolipoprotein E-derived peptides ameliorate clinical disability and inflammatory infiltrates into the spinal cord in a murine model of multiple sclerosis.” J Pharmacol Exp Ther 318, no. 3 (September 2006): 956–65. https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.106.103671.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., M. P. Vitek, D. A. Wink, Q. Xu, V. Cantillana, M. L. Previti, W. E. Van Nostrand, J. B. Weinberg, and H. Dawson. “NO synthase 2 (NOS2) deletion promotes multiple pathologies in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103, no. 34 (August 22, 2006): 12867–72. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601075103.Full Text Link to Item
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Vitek, Michael P., Candice Brown, Qing Xu, Hana Dawson, Noriaki Mitsuda, and Carol A. Colton. “Characterization of NO and cytokine production in immune-activated microglia and peritoneal macrophages derived from a mouse model expressing the human NOS2 gene on a mouse NOS2 knockout background.” Antioxid Redox Signal 8, no. 5–6 (May 2006): 893–901. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2006.8.893.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A., and Michael P. Vitek. “NPY and chronic neurodegenerative disease.” Exs, no. 95 (2006): 223–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-7643-7417-9_17.Full Text Link to Item
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Bae, S. Y., Q. Xu, D. Hutchinson, and C. A. Colton. “Y+ and y+ L arginine transporters in neuronal cells expressing tyrosine hydroxylase.” Biochim Biophys Acta 1745, no. 1 (August 15, 2005): 65–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2004.12.006.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A., Candice M. Brown, and Michael P. Vitek. “Sex steroids, APOE genotype and the innate immune system.” Neurobiol Aging 26, no. 3 (March 2005): 363–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.08.001.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., Q. Xu, J. R. Burke, S. Y. Bae, J. K. Wakefield, A. Nair, W. J. Strittmatter, and M. P. Vitek. “Disrupted spermine homeostasis: a novel mechanism in polyglutamine-mediated aggregation and cell death.” J Neurosci 24, no. 32 (August 11, 2004): 7118–27. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1233-04.2004.Full Text Link to Item
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Xu, Qing, David A. Wink, and Carol A. Colton. “Nitric oxide production and regulation of neuronal NOS in tyrosine hydroxylase containing neurons.” Exp Neurol 188, no. 2 (August 2004): 341–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.04.016.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A., Leila K. Needham, Candice Brown, Danielle Cook, Karima Rasheed, James R. Burke, Warren J. Strittmatter, Donald E. Schmechel, and Michael P. Vitek. “APOE genotype-specific differences in human and mouse macrophage nitric oxide production.” J Neuroimmunol 147, no. 1–2 (February 2004): 62–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.10.015.Full Text Link to Item
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Wink, David A., Katrina M. Miranda, Tatsuo Katori, Daniele Mancardi, Douglas D. Thomas, Lisa Ridnour, Michael G. Espey, et al. “Orthogonal properties of the redox siblings nitroxyl and nitric oxide in the cardiovascular system: a novel redox paradigm.” Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 285, no. 6 (December 2003): H2264–76. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00531.2003.Full Text Link to Item
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Behar, Toby N., and Carol A. Colton. “Redox regulation of neuronal migration in a Down Syndrome model.” Free Radic Biol Med 35, no. 6 (September 15, 2003): 566–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5849(03)00329-0.Full Text Link to Item
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Ghafourifar, Pedram, and Carol A. Colton. “Compartmentalized nitrosation and nitration in mitochondria.” Antioxid Redox Signal 5, no. 3 (June 2003): 349–54. https://doi.org/10.1089/152308603322110913.Full Text Link to Item
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Ghafourifar, Pedram, and Carol A. Colton. “Mitochondria and nitric oxide.” Antioxid Redox Signal 5, no. 3 (June 2003): 249–50. https://doi.org/10.1089/152308603322110823.Full Text Link to Item
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Thomas, Douglas D., Katrina M. Miranda, Carol A. Colton, Deborah Citrin, Michael Graham Espey, and David A. Wink. “Heme proteins and nitric oxide (NO): the neglected, eloquent chemistry in NO redox signaling and regulation.” Antioxid Redox Signal 5, no. 3 (June 2003): 307–17. https://doi.org/10.1089/152308603322110887.Full Text Link to Item
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Czapiga, M., and C. A. Colton. “Microglial function in human APOE3 and APOE4 transgenic mice: altered arginine transport.” J Neuroimmunol 134, no. 1–2 (January 2003): 44–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00394-6.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carol A., Candice M. Brown, Danielle Cook, Leila K. Needham, Qing Xu, Meggan Czapiga, Ann M. Saunders, Donald E. Schmechel, Karima Rasheed, and Michael P. Vitek. “APOE and the regulation of microglial nitric oxide production: a link between genetic risk and oxidative stress.” Neurobiol Aging 23, no. 5 (September 2002): 777–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00016-7.Full Text Link to Item
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Brown, C. M., C. A. Colton, P. M. Sullivan, and M. P. Vitek. “Sexual dimorphism in apolipoprotein E isoform specific regulation of nitric oxide release in targeted replacement mice.” Neurobiology of Aging 23, no. 1 (July 1, 2002): S404–S404.Link to Item
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Brown, Candice M., Elizabeth Wright, Carol A. Colton, Patrick M. Sullivan, Daniel T. Laskowitz, and Michael P. Vitek. “Apolipoprotein E isoform mediated regulation of nitric oxide release.” Free Radic Biol Med 32, no. 11 (June 1, 2002): 1071–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5849(02)00803-1.Full Text Link to Item
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Miranda, Katrina M., Ken-ichi Yamada, Michael G. Espey, Douglas D. Thomas, William DeGraff, James B. Mitchell, Murali C. Krishna, Carol A. Colton, and David A. Wink. “Further evidence for distinct reactive intermediates from nitroxyl and peroxynitrite: effects of buffer composition on the chemistry of Angeli's salt and synthetic peroxynitrite.” Arch Biochem Biophys 401, no. 2 (May 15, 2002): 134–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9861(02)00031-0.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, Carola A., Candice M. Brown, Meggan Czapiga, and Michael P. Vitek. “Apolipoprotein-E allele-specific regulation of nitric oxide production.” Ann N Y Acad Sci 962 (May 2002): 212–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04070.x.Full Text Link to Item
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Thomas, Douglas D., Katrina M. Miranda, Michael Graham Espey, Deborah Citrin, David Jourd’heuil, Nazareno Paolocci, Sandra J. Hewett, et al. “Guide for the use of nitric oxide (NO) donors as probes of the chemistry of NO and related redox species in biological systems.” Methods Enzymol 359 (2002): 84–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(02)59174-6.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., M. Gbadegesin, D. A. Wink, K. M. Miranda, M. G. Espey, and S. Vicini. “Nitroxyl anion regulation of the NMDA receptor.” J Neurochem 78, no. 5 (September 2001): 1126–34. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00509.x.Full Text Link to Item
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Wink, D. A., K. M. Miranda, M. G. Espey, R. M. Pluta, S. J. Hewett, C. Colton, M. Vitek, M. Feelisch, and M. B. Grisham. “Mechanisms of the antioxidant effects of nitric oxide.” Antioxid Redox Signal 3, no. 2 (April 2001): 203–13. https://doi.org/10.1089/152308601300185179.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., M. Czapiga, J. Snell-Callanan, O. N. Chernyshev, and M. P. Vitek. “Apolipoprotein E acts to increase nitric oxide production in macrophages by stimulating arginine transport.” Biochim Biophys Acta 1535, no. 2 (February 14, 2001): 134–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4439(00)00092-2.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A. “In Memory of Daniel L. Gilbert – A Radical Spirit.” Antioxidants and Redox Signaling 3, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1089/152308601750100407.Full Text
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Colton, C. A., O. N. Chernyshev, D. L. Gilbert, and M. P. Vitek. “Microglial contribution to oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease.” Ann N Y Acad Sci 899 (2000): 292–307. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06195.x.Full Text Link to Item
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Gbadegesin, M., S. Vicini, S. J. Hewett, D. A. Wink, M. Espey, R. M. Pluta, and C. A. Colton. “Hypoxia modulates nitric oxide-induced regulation of NMDA receptor currents and neuronal cell death.” Am J Physiol 277, no. 4 (October 1999): C673–83. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1999.277.4.C673.Full Text Link to Item
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Czapiga, M., and C. A. Colton. “Function of microglia in organotypic slice cultures.” J Neurosci Res 56, no. 6 (June 15, 1999): 644–51. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990615)56:6<644::AID-JNR10>3.0.CO;2-9.Full Text Link to Item
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Behar, T. N., C. A. Scott, C. L. Greene, X. Wen, S. V. Smith, D. Maric, Q. Y. Liu, C. A. Colton, and J. L. Barker. “Glutamate acting at NMDA receptors stimulates embryonic cortical neuronal migration.” J Neurosci 19, no. 11 (June 1, 1999): 4449–61.Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., J. Snell-Callanan, and O. N. Chernyshev. “Ethanol induced changes in superoxide anion and nitric oxide in cultured microglia.” Alcohol Clin Exp Res 22, no. 3 (May 1998): 710–16.Link to Item
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Amini, T., and C. Colton. “Phagocytosis of rod outer membrane segments by human retinal pigment epithelial cells increases nitric oxide production.” Faseb Journal 12, no. 4 (1998): A81.
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Snell, J., O. Chernyshev, and C. Colton. “Apolipoprotein E enhances nitric oxide production in Poly I:Poly C-treated RAW (264.7) cells.” Faseb Journal 12, no. 4 (1998): A128.
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Vitek, M. P., J. Snell, H. Dawson, and C. A. Colton. “Modulation of nitric oxide production in human macrophages by apolipoprotein-E and amyloid-beta peptide.” Biochem Biophys Res Commun 240, no. 2 (November 17, 1997): 391–94. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1997.7408.Full Text Link to Item
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Snell, J. C., O. Chernyshev, D. L. Gilbert, and C. A. Colton. “Polyribonucleotides induce nitric oxide production by human monocyte-derived macrophages.” J Leukoc Biol 62, no. 3 (September 1997): 369–73. https://doi.org/10.1002/jlb.62.3.369.Full Text Link to Item
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Zocchia, C., G. Spiga, S. J. Rabin, M. Grekova, J. Richert, O. Chernyshev, C. Colton, and I. Mocchetti. “Biological activity of interleukin-10 in the central nervous system.” Neurochem Int 30, no. 4–5 (April 1997): 433–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00079-4.Full Text Link to Item
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Espey, M. G., O. N. Chernyshev, J. F. Reinhard, M. A. Namboodiri, and C. A. Colton. “Activated human microglia produce the excitotoxin quinolinic acid.” Neuroreport 8, no. 2 (January 20, 1997): 431–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199701200-00011.Full Text Link to Item
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Snell, J., O. Chemvshev, D. Gilbert, and C. Colton. “The induction of nitric oxide by polyribonucleotides in hamster and human glia.” Faseb Journal 10, no. 3 (December 1, 1996).
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Colton, C. A., and O. N. Chernyshev. “Inhibition of microglial superoxide anion production by isoproterenol and dexamethasone.” Neurochem Int 29, no. 1 (July 1996): 43–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/0197-0186(95)00139-5.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C., S. Wilt, D. Gilbert, O. Chernyshev, J. Snell, and M. Dubois-Dalcq. “Species differences in the generation of reactive oxygen species by microglia.” Mol Chem Neuropathol 28, no. 1–3 (May 1996): 15–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02815200.Full Text Link to Item
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Snell, J. C., C. A. Colton, O. N. Chernyshev, and D. L. Gilbert. “Location-dependent artifact for no measurement using multiwell plates.” Free Radic Biol Med 20, no. 3 (1996): 361–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(96)02083-7.Full Text Link to Item
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Streit, W. J., and C. A. Kincaid-Colton. “The brain's immune system.” Sci Am 273, no. 5 (November 1995): 54–61. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1195-54.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., F. Pagan, J. Snell, J. S. Colton, A. Cummins, and D. L. Gilbert. “Protection from oxidation enhances the survival of cultured mesencephalic neurons.” Exp Neurol 132, no. 1 (March 1995): 54–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4886(95)90058-6.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A. “Induction of nitric oxide in cultured microglia: evidence for a cytoprotective role.” Adv Neuroimmunol 5, no. 4 (1995): 491–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-5428(95)00031-3.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., J. Snell, O. Chernyshev, and D. L. Gilbert. “Induction of superoxide anion and nitric oxide production in cultured microglia.” Ann N Y Acad Sci 738 (November 17, 1994): 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21789.x.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., M. Jia, M. X. Li, and D. L. Gilbert. “K+ modulation of microglial superoxide production: involvement of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels.” Am J Physiol 266, no. 6 Pt 1 (June 1994): C1650–55. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.266.6.C1650.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A. “Microglial oxyradical production: causes and consequences.” Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 20, no. 2 (April 1994): 208–9.Link to Item
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Behar, T. N., A. E. Schaffner, C. A. Colton, R. Somogyi, Z. Olah, C. Lehel, and J. L. Barker. “GABA-induced chemokinesis and NGF-induced chemotaxis of embryonic spinal cord neurons.” J Neurosci 14, no. 1 (January 1994): 29–38.Link to Item
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Chiueh, C. C., D. L. Gilbert, and C. A. Colton. “Preface: Second International Symposium on Reactive Oxygen Species, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA, November 7, 1993. The Neurobiology of NO. and .OHa.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 738 (January 1, 1994).
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Colton, C. A., C. A. Jia Min, X. Li Min, and D. L. Gilbert. “K+ modulation of microglial superoxide production: Involvement of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels.” Am.J.Physiol. 266, no. 6 part 1 (January 1, 1994).
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CHIUEH, C. C., D. L. GILBERT, and C. A. COLTON. “Preface.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 738, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): xi–xii. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21782.x.Full Text
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Colton, C. A., M. Jia, M. X. Li, and D. L. Gilbert. “K+ modulation of microglial superoxide production: Involvement of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels.” American Journal of Physiology Cell Physiology 266, no. 6 35-6 (1994): C1650–55.
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Colton, C. A., J. E. Keri, W. T. Chen, and W. L. Monsky. “Protease production by cultured microglia: substrate gel analysis and immobilized matrix degradation.” J Neurosci Res 35, no. 3 (June 15, 1993): 297–304. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490350309.Full Text Link to Item
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Zukowska-Grojec, Z., P. Pruszczyk, C. Colton, J. Yao, G. H. Shen, A. K. Myers, and C. Wahlestedt. “Mitogenic effect of neuropeptide Y in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.” Peptides 14, no. 2 (March 1993): 263–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0196-9781(93)90040-n.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and D. L. Gilbert. “Microglia, an in vivo source of reactive oxygen species in the brain.” Adv Neurol 59 (1993): 321–26.Link to Item
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Yao, J., J. E. Keri, R. E. Taffs, and C. A. Colton. “Characterization of interleukin-1 production by microglia in culture.” Brain Res 591, no. 1 (September 18, 1992): 88–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(92)90981-e.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., J. Yao, J. E. Keri, and D. Gilbert. “Regulation of microglial function by interferons.” J Neuroimmunol 40, no. 1 (September 1992): 89–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-5728(92)90216-8.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., J. S. Colton, and D. L. Gilbert. “Oxygen dependency of synaptic transmission at the squid Loligo pealei giant synapse.” Comp Biochem Physiol Comp Physiol 102, no. 2 (June 1992): 279–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(92)90135-d.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., C. Abel, J. Patchett, J. Keri, and J. Yao. “Lectin staining of cultured CNS microglia.” J Histochem Cytochem 40, no. 4 (April 1992): 505–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/40.4.1372634.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., J. Yao, R. E. Taffs, J. E. Keri, and M. L. Oster-Granite. “Abnormal production of interleukin-1 by microglia from trisomy 16 mice.” Neurosci Lett 132, no. 2 (November 11, 1991): 270–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(91)90318-n.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C., J. Yao, Y. Grossman, and D. Gilbert. “The effect of xanthine/xanthine oxidase generated reactive oxygen species on synaptic transmission.” Free Radic Res Commun 14, no. 5–6 (1991): 385–93. https://doi.org/10.3109/10715769109093427.Full Text Link to Item
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Yao, J., L. Harvath, D. L. Gilbert, and C. A. Colton. “Chemotaxis by a CNS macrophage, the microglia.” J Neurosci Res 27, no. 1 (September 1990): 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490270106.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, J. S., S. C. Gilman, P. Chang, and C. A. Colton. “Effect of helium and heliox on glutamate decarboxylase activity.” Undersea Biomed Res 17, no. 4 (July 1990): 297–303.Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., J. B. Yao, D. Gilbert, and M. L. Oster-Granite. “Enhanced production of superoxide anion by microglia from trisomy 16 mice.” Brain Res 519, no. 1–2 (June 11, 1990): 236–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(90)90083-n.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., L. Fagni, and D. Gilbert. “The action of hydrogen peroxide on paired pulse and long-term potentiation in the hippocampus.” Free Radic Biol Med 7, no. 1 (1989): 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(89)90093-2.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and D. L. Gilbert. “An endogenous source of the superoxide anion in the central nervous system.” Basic Life Sci 49 (1988): 1005–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5568-7_165.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and D. L. Gilbert. “Production of superoxide anions by a CNS macrophage, the microglia.” Febs Lett 223, no. 2 (November 2, 1987): 284–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(87)80305-8.Full Text Link to Item
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Dickman, J. D., J. S. Colton, D. Chiszar, and C. A. Colton. “Trigeminal responses to thermal stimulation of the oral cavity in rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis) before and after bilateral anesthetization of the facial pit organs.” Brain Res 400, no. 2 (January 6, 1987): 365–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(87)90636-6.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and J. S. Colton. “The action of oxygen and oxygen at high pressure on inhibitory transmission.” Brain Res 364, no. 1 (January 29, 1986): 151–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(86)90995-9.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., J. S. Colton, and D. L. Gilbert. “Changes in synaptic transmission produced by hydrogen peroxide.” J Free Radic Biol Med 2, no. 2 (1986): 141–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0748-5514(86)80063-0.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and J. S. Colton. “Blockade of hyperbaric oxygen induced seizures by excitatory amino acid antagonists.” Can J Physiol Pharmacol 63, no. 5 (May 1985): 519–21. https://doi.org/10.1139/y85-090.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C., and D. Gilbert. “Effect of H2O2 on excitatory transmission in the lobster neuromuscular junction.” Federation Proceedings 44, no. 4 (January 1, 1985).
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Colton, C. A., and J. S. Colton. “An electrophysiological analysis of oxygen and pressure on synaptic transmission.” Brain Res 251, no. 2 (November 18, 1982): 221–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(82)90740-5.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and J. S. Colton. “Effects of a thioreactive agent, diamide, on neuromuscular transmission in lobster.” Am J Physiol 242, no. 1 (January 1982): C59–64. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1982.242.1.C59.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, J. S., D. E. Pickering, and C. A. Colton. “Evaluation of a life support module used for air transport of critically ill infants.” Aviat Space Environ Med 50, no. 2 (February 1979): 177–81.Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and J. S. Colton. “The action of dantrolene sodium on the lobster neuromuscular junction.” Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part C, Comparative 64, no. 1 (1979): 153–56.
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Colton, C. A., and J. S. Colton. “The action of dantrolene sodium on the lobster neuromuscular junction.” Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol 64, no. 1 (1979): 153–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4492(79)90041-8.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, J. S., and C. A. Colton. “Effect of oxygen at high pressure on spontaneous transmitter release.” American Journal of Physiology Cell Physiology 4, no. 3 (December 1, 1978).
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Colton, J. S., and C. A. Colton. “Effect of oxygen at high pressure on spontaneous transmitter release.” Am J Physiol 235, no. 5 (November 1978): C233–37. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1978.235.5.C233.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and J. S. Colton. “Depression of glutamate-mediated synaptic transmission by benzyl alcohol.” Can J Physiol Pharmacol 55, no. 4 (August 1977): 917–22. https://doi.org/10.1139/y77-122.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, J. S., J. A. Michael, and C. A. Colton. “Oxygen microelectrode response to oxygen pressures up to 15 ATA.” Aviat Space Environ Med 47, no. 8 (August 1976): 831–33.Link to Item
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Schauf, C. L., C. A. Colton, J. S. Colton, and F. A. Davis. “Aminopyridines and sparteine as inhibitors of membrane potassium conductance: effects on Myxicola giant axons and the lobster neuromuscular junction.” J Pharmacol Exp Ther 197, no. 2 (May 1976): 414–25.Link to Item
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Colton, C. A. “Postsynaptic effect of La3+ at the frog neuromuscular junction.” J Neurobiol 7, no. 1 (January 1976): 87–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/neu.480070109.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, J. S., C. L. Schauf, and C. A. Colton. “Effects of the aminopyridines and sparteine on Myxicola axons and the lobster neuromuscular junction.” Biophysical Journal 16, no. 2 II (January 1, 1976).
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Colton, C. K., and A. R. Freeman. “Dual response of lobster muscle fibers to L-glutamate.” Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol 51, no. 2 (August 1, 1975): 275–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4492(75)90074-x.Full Text Link to Item
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Colton, C. K., and A. R. Freeman. “La3+ blockage of glutamate action at the lobster neuromuscular junction.” Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol 51, no. 2 (August 1, 1975): 285–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4492(75)90075-1.Full Text Link to Item
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Book Sections
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Colton, C., and S. Zakhari. “Role of free radicals in alcohol-induced tissue injury.” In Oxidants, Antioxidants, and Free Radicals, 259–72, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203744673.Full Text
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Conference Papers
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Goodson, S. D., C. A. Colton, and L. H. Sanders. “Novel LRRK2 Transgenic Mouse Model to Understand Gene x Environment Interactions.” In Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61:89–89, 2020.Link to Item
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Colton, C. A., and M. P. Vitek. “NOS2 in chronic neurodegeneration: Protection not damage.” In Journal of Neurochemistry, 102:12–12. BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, 2007.Link to Item
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Plant, Sheila Renee, and Carol A. Colton. “Oxidation and CBS in neural derived cells.” In Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 41:S167–S167. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2006.Link to Item
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Mott, R. T., C. M. Hulette, M. P. Vitek, and C. A. Colton. “A beta 42 suppresses the anti-inflammatory alternative activation state in microglia: A potential role for Alzheimer's disease.” In Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 64:442–442. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.Link to Item
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Brown, C. M., C. A. Colton, and M. P. Vitek. “Apolipoprotein E isoforms differentially regulate iNOS activity in male targeted replacement mice.” In Faseb Journal, 17:A1257–A1257. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL, 2003.Link to Item
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Brown, C. M., C. A. Colton, and M. P. Vitek. “17 beta-estradiol modulates apolipoprotein E allele-specific regulation of microglial nitric oxide release.” In Faseb Journal, 17:A456–A456. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL, 2003.Link to Item
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Brown, C. M., N. Mitsuda, H. N. Dawson, C. A. Colton, and M. P. Vitek. “A humanized NOS2 transgenic mouse.” In Faseb Journal, 17:A495–A495. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL, 2003.Link to Item
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Brown, C. M., C. A. Colton, and M. P. Vitek. “Sex steroids differentially regulate apolipoprotein E4 isoform specific increases in nitric oxide production observed in targeted replacement mice.” In Neurobiology of Aging, 23:S404–S404. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2002.Link to Item
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Miranda, K. M., M. G. Espey, N. Paolocci, M. D. Bartberger, C. A. Colton, and D. A. Wink. “The chemistry of nitroxyl (HNO) and implications in various therapeutic applications.” In Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 31:S72–S72. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2001.Link to Item
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Czapiga, M., M. P. Vitek, and C. A. Colton. “ApoE isoform specific modulation of arginine transport.” In Faseb Journal, 14:A636–A636. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL, 2000.Link to Item
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Preprints
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Badea, Alexandra, Didong Li, Andrei R. Niculescu, Robert J. Anderson, Jacques A. Stout, Christina L. Williams, Carol A. Colton, Nobuyo Maeda, and David B. Dunson. “Absolute Winding Number Differentiates Spatial Navigation Strategies with Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease.” Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, n.d. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.04.479128.Full Text
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- Teaching & Mentoring
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Recent Courses
- Scholarly, Clinical, & Service Activities
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Outreach & Engaged Scholarship
- Bass Connections Faculty Team Leader. Summer Neuroscience Program Mentor. 2018 2018
- Bass Connections Faculty Team Member . Exercise as a Therapy for Cognitive Aging and Alzheimer's Disease . August 2017 - May 2018 2017 - 2018
- Bass Connections Faculty Team Member . Brain-immune Interactions in Neurodegenerative Disease. August 2016 - May 2017 2016 - 2017
- Bass Connections Faculty Team Member. Aging and Heuristics: Do Older Adults Use Different Cues to Evaluate Information?. July 2015 - May 2016 2015 - 2016
- Bass Connections Faculty Team Member . Brain-immune Interactions in Neurodegenerative Disease. August 2014 - May 2015 2014 - 2015
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