Scholars@Duke
Caroline Pinson Ozment

Caroline Pinson Ozment

Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Pediatrics, Critical Care Medicine
caroline.ozment@duke.edu
Box 3046 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
Dept of Pediatrics, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

An updated guide for clinicians: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for pediatric patients with refractory acute respiratory failure.

Journal Article Expert Rev Respir Med · July 24, 2025 INTRODUCTION: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains a mainstay for refractory respiratory failure in select pediatric patients. Clinical practice surrounding its use continues to evolve, reflecting advances in technology, management strategies ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet transfusion stated practices among neonatal and paediatric veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation providers: A survey.

Journal Article Vox Sang · June 2025 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides cardiopulmonary support to over 4000 neonates and children annually worldwide. Although potentially lifesaving, ECMO carries bleeding and thromboembolic risks, often managed wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Priorities for Clinical Research in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation From the Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · July 1, 2024 OBJECTIVES: To identify and prioritize research questions for anticoagulation and hemostasis management of neonates and children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) from the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE (PEACE) consens ... Full text Link to item Cite

Executive Summary: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE (PEACE) Consensus Conference.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · July 1, 2024 OBJECTIVES: To present recommendations and consensus statements with supporting literature for the clinical management of neonates and children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) from the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anticoagulation Monitoring and Targets: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · July 1, 2024 OBJECTIVES: To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding anticoagulation monitoring assays and target levels in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE. DATA SOU ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry International Report 2022: 100,000 Survivors

Journal Article ASAIO Journal · February 2024 The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) maintains the world’s largest extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) registry by volume, center participation, and international scope. This 2022 ELSO Registry Report describes the program cha ... Full text Cite

Quality improvement strategies in pediatric ECMO.

Journal Article Semin Pediatr Surg · August 2023 Pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an increasingly utilized, life-saving technology with high mortality and morbidity. A complex technology employed urgently or emergently for some of the sickest children in the hospital by a large multidisci ... Full text Link to item Cite

Case Report: Congenital tuberculosis in a premature infant requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Journal Article J Extra Corpor Technol · June 2023 Congenital tuberculosis is a rare infectious disease with less than 500 cases documented worldwide. Mortality is significant, ranging from 34 to 53%, and death without treatment is inevitable. Patients exhibit nonspecific symptoms such as fever, cough, res ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Perfect Storm: Rapid Progression of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Pediatric Diabetes in the Setting of COVID-19

Journal Article AACE Clinical Case Reports · November 1, 2021 Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has introduced countless challenges to the medical field. Although pediatric patients have been reported to have lower rates of COVID-19 mortality, the presence of pre-existing conditions can heig ... Full text Cite

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in critically ill neonatal and pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure: a guide for the clinician.

Journal Article Expert Rev Respir Med · October 2021 Intro: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for neonatal and pediatric respiratory failure continues to demonstrate improving outcomes, largely due to advances in technology along with refined management strategies despite mounting patient acuity and comple ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anticoagulation and Transfusion Management During Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Survey of Medical Directors in the United States.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · June 1, 2021 OBJECTIVES: To compare current practices within the United States of anticoagulation management and blood transfusion in neonatal and pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients with a 2013 international report. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of effect of scheduled fresh frozen plasma on ECMO circuit life: A randomized pilot trial.

Journal Article Transfusion · January 2021 BACKGROUND: Factor consumption is common during ECMO complicating the balance of pro and anticoagulation factors. This study sought to determine whether transfusion of coagulation factors using fresh frozen plasma (FFP) increased ECMO circuit life and decr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of platelet storage duration on clinical outcomes and incremental platelet change in critically ill children.

Journal Article Transfusion · December 2020 UNLABELLED: The safety of platelet (PLT) concentrates with longer storage duration has been questioned due to biochemical and functional changes that occur during blood collection and storage. Some studies have suggested that transfusion efficacy is decrea ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Correlation Among Antifactor Xa, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, and Heparin Dose and Association with Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Complications.

Journal Article ASAIO J · March 2020 Anticoagulation is essential during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to prevent catastrophic circuit clotting. Several assays exist to monitor unfractionated heparin (UFH), the most commonly used anticoagulant during ECMO, but no single test or c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of Heparin Anti-Factor Xa Levels Following Antithrombin Supplementation in Pediatric Patients Supported With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Journal Article J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther · 2020 OBJECTIVE: Thrombotic events are potential complications in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) necessitating the use of systemic anticoagulation with heparin. Heparin works by potentiating the effects of antithrombin (AT), which ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-influenza immune plasma for the treatment of patients with severe influenza A: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Journal Article Lancet Respir Med · November 2019 BACKGROUND: Infection with influenza virus causes substantial morbidity and mortality globally, although antiviral treatments are available. Previous studies have suggested that anti-influenza immune plasma could be beneficial as treatment, but they were n ... Full text Link to item Cite

International Study of the Epidemiology of Platelet Transfusions in Critically Ill Children With an Underlying Oncologic Diagnosis.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · July 2019 OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology of platelet transfusions in critically ill children with an underlying oncologic diagnosis and to examine effects of prophylactic versus therapeutic transfusions. DESIGN: Subgroup analysis of a prospective, observat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of ABO Matching of Platelet Transfusions in Critically Ill Children.

Journal Article Pediatr Crit Care Med · February 2019 OBJECTIVES: To determine if transfusing ABO compatible platelets has a greater effect on incremental change in platelet count as compared to ABO incompatible platelets in critically ill children. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a prospective, observational s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet Transfusion Practices in Critically Ill Children.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · August 2018 OBJECTIVES: Little is known about platelet transfusions in pediatric critical illness. We sought to describe the epidemiology, indications, and outcomes of platelet transfusions among critically ill children. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Mult ... Full text Link to item Cite

Histoplasmosis Myocarditis in an Immunocompetent Host After a Recreational Mud Run.

Journal Article Pediatrics · April 2018 Mud runs are an increasingly popular recreational fitness activity across the United States, combining a running race through an obstacle course with submersion in mud. Recent reports estimate 4 million people have participated in these types of events ove ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coagulation disorders in congenital heart disease

Chapter · January 1, 2018 This chapter will review the process of normal coagulation in infants and children, examine the various tests of the clotting mechanism, review the alterations of hemostasis in congenital heart disease, consider the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass, extrac ... Full text Cite

Factors influencing plasma transfusion practices in paediatric intensive care units around the world.

Journal Article Vox Sang · February 2017 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Plasma transfusions are a frequent treatment worldwide, but many studies have reported a wide variation in the indications to transfuse. Recently, an international paediatric study also showed wide variation in frequency in the u ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance of the PEdiatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score in critically ill children requiring plasma transfusions

Journal Article Annals of Intensive Care · December 1, 2016 Background: Organ dysfunction scores, based on physiological parameters, have been created to describe organ failure. In a general pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) population, the PEdiatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score (PELOD-2) score had both a ... Full text Cite

Transfusion-related biologic effects and free hemoglobin, heme, and iron.

Journal Article Transfusion · April 2013 BACKGROUND: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is associated with complications that appear related to the duration of blood storage. We hypothesize that hemolysis of stored RBCs results in increases in the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe refractory respiratory failure secondary to 2009 H1N1 influenza A.

Journal Article Respir Care · July 2011 BACKGROUND: Respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to H1N1 influenza infection is a source of substantial morbidity and mortality, having caused over 265,000 hospitalizations in the United States in 2009. During the H1N1 pand ... Full text Link to item Cite

Iron overload following red blood cell transfusion and its impact on disease severity.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · July 2009 Transfusion of red blood cells can be a life-saving therapy both for patients with chronic anemias and for those who are critically ill with acute blood loss. However, transfusion has been associated with significant morbidity. Chronic transfusion results ... Full text Link to item Cite

Structural study of Escherichia coli NAD synthetase: Overexpression, purification, crystallization, and preliminary crystallographic analysis

Journal Article Journal of Structural Biology · 1999 Escherichia coli NAD synthetase was over-expressed and purified to homogeneity. The recombinant protein was active in an in vitro enzyme assay. The enzyme required approximately 1.5 mM magnesium for optimal activity. The pH optimum was found to be 8.0-8.5. ... Full text Cite

cDNA cloning, in vitro expression, and biochemical characterization of cholinesterase 1 and cholinesterase 2 from amphioxus - Comparison with cholinesterase 1 and cholinesterase 2 produced in vivo

Journal Article European Journal of Biochemistry · 1998 We have isolated cDNAs coding for the complete amino acid sequences of cholinesterase 1 (ChE1) and cholinesterase 2 (ChE2) from amphioxus. Both ChE transcripts have the characteristics of H-type catalytic subunits, which are inserted in the membrane via an ... Cite