Charles Gersbach | Scholars@Duke

Charles Gersbach
Rooney Family Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering

Current Research Interests

Gene therapy, genomics and epigenomics, biomolecular and cellular engineering, regenerative medicine, and synthetic biology.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Rooney Family Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2016
Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2015
Associate Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Surgical Sciences, Surgery 2019
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics 2015
Member of the Duke Cancer Institute, Duke Cancer Institute, Institutes and Centers 2013
Affiliate of the Regeneration Next Initiative, Regeneration Next Initiative, Institutes and Centers 2016
Associate of the Duke Initiative for Science & Society, Duke Science & Society, Initiatives 2017
Core Faculty in Innovation & Entrepreneurship, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship, Initiatives 2019

Contact Information

2353C CIEMAS, Durham, NC 27708
Box 90281, 136 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708
charles.gersbach@duke.edu (919) 613-2147
Google Scholar
http://gersbach.bme.duke.edu/

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Georgia Institute of Technology 2006
- B.S., Georgia Institute of Technology 2001
Duke Appointment History
- Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics 2013 - 2015
- Assistant Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2009 - 2015
- Investigator in the Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Institutes and Centers, School of Medicine 2012 - 2014
- Assistant Research Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2009
Recognition
In the News
- APR 15, 2019 Pratt School of Engineering
  
  Engineering 'Hairpins' Increases Accuracy of CRISPR Genome Editing
- FEB 18, 2019 Pratt School of Engineering
  
  Single Genetic Editing Treatment Provides Long-Term Benefits in Mice
- DEC 17, 2018 Duke Research Blog
  
  A Chinese Scientist Gene-Edited a Human Embryo: What, How & Why
- OCT 3, 2018 Duke Med Alumni News
  
  From Innovation to Impact
- APR 27, 2018
  
  CRISPR/Cas9 Silences Gene Associated with High Cholesterol
- APR 26, 2018 Pratt School of Engineering
  
  Pratt Researchers Advance Treatment That Reduces Blood Cholesterol Levels in Adult Mice
- APR 9, 2018
  
  Faculty Startup Sold to Belgian Pharma for $30 Million
- NOV 29, 2017
  
  Two Postdocs Win Gene Therapy Fellowship
- APR 4, 2017 Pratt School of Engineering
  
  Screening the Human Genome's 'Dark Matter'
- APR 3, 2017 The Scientist
  
  CRISPR Screen Detects Functional Gene Regulation
- MAR 15, 2017 CNBC
  
  Betting on the first disease to be treated by gene editing
- MAY 5, 2016
  
  Duke Awards Distinguished Professorships, Inducts New Bass Society Members
- JAN 4, 2016 The New York Times
  
  Gene editing offers hope for treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy, studies find
- JAN 4, 2016 BBC News
  
  Gene editing treats disease in mice
- DEC 31, 2015
  
  CRISPR Treats Genetic Disorder in Adult Mammal
- OCT 27, 2015
  
  Pratt Research Brings Precise Control to Gene Expression
- MAY 26, 2015
  
  Studying the Harm and Healing Power of Steroids
- APR 6, 2015
  
  Engineers gain control of gene activity; new therapies may be ahead
- FEB 19, 2015
  
  Bacterial Defense Mechanism Targets Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- FEB 18, 2015
  
  Bacterial Defense Mechanism Targets Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- FEB 10, 2015
  
  Lighting Up the Duke 'D' With Genes
Awards & Honors
Research
Selected Grants
- Mechanotransduction in Meniscus Health and Repair awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2023
- Epigenomic Reprogramming in Patient Derived Models of Colorectal Cancer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- The Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Kinase-Phosphatase System as a New Regulatory Node in Myocardial Fuel Section awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- Engineering Technologies to Determine Causal Relationships Between Chromatin Structure and Gene Regulation awarded by National Science Foundation 2018 - 2022
- Summer Scholars Program in Genome Sciences and Medicine awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2022
- Medical Scientist Training Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 1997 - 2022
- University Training Program in Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering awarded by National Institutes of Health 1994 - 2022
- University Training Program in Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering awarded by National Institutes of Health 1994 - 2022
- Postdoctoral Training in Genomic Medicine Research awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2022
- IRES Track 1 IRTG Engaged in Dissecting and Reengineering the Regulatory Genome awarded by National Science Foundation 2019 - 2022
- Training Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology awarded by National Institutes of Health 2001 - 2022
- To support research on the development of CRISPR-based epigenome editing tools to refine genome wide association studies 2018 - 2021
- Evolving High Potency AAV Vectors for Neuromuscular Genome Editing awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2021
- Regulatory Mechanisms of CD4+ T Cell Differentiation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2021
- Regulatory Mechanisms of CD4+ T Cell Differentiation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2021
- CRISPR/Cas9-Based Gene Editing for the Correction of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2021
- In Vivo Epigenome Editing with CRISPR-Based Histone Acetyltransferase Transgenic Mice awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2021
- Designing a next generation vector for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy 2018 - 2020
- Genome Editing For Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy 2017 - 2020
- Epigenome Editing Technologies to Control Diverse Biological Functions 2017 - 2020
- Collaborative Research: Adapting Cas9 Protein from CRISPR as a Structural Unit for Molecular Assembly awarded by National Science Foundation 2017 - 2020
- Functional characterization of regulatory variants associated with maternal hyperglycemia awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2020
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Training Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2005 - 2020
- Genetics Training Grant awarded by National Institutes of Health 1979 - 2020
- Non-viral delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 for targeted gene replacement awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2020
- REU Site for Meeting the Grand Challenges in Engineering awarded by National Science Foundation 2017 - 2020
- Developing Brain-penetrant G9a/GLP Inhibitors for Treating Prader-Willi Syndrome 2018 - 2020
- Enhancing Neuronal Reprogramming with Epigenome Editing awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2020
- Enhancing Neuronal Reprogramming with Epigenome Editing awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2019
- Investigating Autophagy in GSD-Ia awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2019
- Development of AAV-Based Curative Therapies for Correcting Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy by Targeted Genomic Integration 2017 - 2019
- An organotypic model recapitulating colon cancer microenvironment and metastasis 2017 - 2019
- Treating Duchenne Cardiomyopathy in the Mouse Model by Gene Repair 2016 - 2019
- Combinatorial Biomimetic Systems for High-Throughput Manipulation of Genome-Edited Dystrophic Muscle Stem Cells awarded by Cornell University 2018 - 2019
- Systemic Inflammation in Microphysiological Models of Muscle and Vascular Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2019
- Novel Approaches for Correcting Respiratory Insufficiency in Pompe Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2019
- Reprogrammed autologous T cells to promote transplant tolerance 2018 - 2019
- Systemic EGFRvIII-targeted bispecific antibody as immunotherapy for glioblastoma awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2019
- Defining the Mechanisms of Gene Regulation and Drug Resistance in Cancer 2017 - 2019
- Decoding and Reprogramming the Corticosteroid Transcriptional Regulatory Network awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2018
- Trans-regulatory mechanisms of glucocorticoid-mediated transcriptional repression awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2018
- Genome engineering for Duchenne muscular dystrophy awarded by American Heart Association 2017 - 2018
- Engineering Novel Genome Engineering Systems 2016 - 2018
- Circulatory system and integrated muscle tissue for drug and tissue toxicity awarded by National Institutes of Health 2012 - 2018
- Engineering Targeted Epigenetic Modifiers for Precise Control of Gene Regulation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2018
- A Platform Technology for High-Throughput Screening of Gene Regulatory Elements 2016 - 2017
- Functional Tissue Engineering of Cartilage Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2017
- MD140071 Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-Based Genome Engineering for the Genetic Correction of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy 2015 - 2017
- CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing in mouse models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy 2015 - 2017
- Scaffold-Mediated Gene Delivery for Engineering of Osteochondral Tissues awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2017
- Gertude B. Elion Mentored Medical Research Award 2016 - 2017
- Genome Editing of Stem Cells for Analysis of Osteoarthritis Causal Variants awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2017
- CAREER: Photoregulated Gene Expression for Spatiotemporal Control of Morphogenesis awarded by National Science Foundation 2012 - 2017
- Engineering Morphogenetic Factors for Enhanced Genetic Reprogramming awarded by National Institutes of Health 2011 - 2016
- Engineering New Biological Therapies for Arthritis awarded by Arthritis Foundation 2014 - 2015
- Live-Animal Micro-CT System awarded by National Institutes of Health 2012 - 2014
- Spatially Controlled Gene Delivery of Morphogenetic Factors from Woven Scaffolds awarded by National Institutes of Health 2011 - 2014
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Books
  - Holtzman, Liad, and Charles A. Gersbach. Editing the Epigenome: Reshaping the Genomic Landscape.. Vol. 19, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genom-083117-021632.
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- Academic Articles
  - Kocak, D Dewran, Eric A. Josephs, Vidit Bhandarkar, Shaunak S. Adkar, Jennifer B. Kwon, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Increasing the specificity of CRISPR systems with engineered RNA secondary structures..” Nature Biotechnology 37, no. 6 (June 2019): 657–66. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-019-0095-1.
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  - Pickar-Oliver, Adrian, and Charles A. Gersbach. “The next generation of CRISPR-Cas technologies and applications..” Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology, May 30, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-019-0131-5.
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  - Nelson, Christopher E., Yaoying Wu, Matthew P. Gemberling, Matthew L. Oliver, Matthew A. Waller, Joel D. Bohning, Jacqueline N. Robinson-Hamm, et al. “Long-term evaluation of AAV-CRISPR genome editing for Duchenne muscular dystrophy..” Nat Med 25, no. 3 (March 2019): 427–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-019-0344-3.
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  - Chen, Liang-Fu, Yen Ting Lin, David A. Gallegos, Mariah F. Hazlett, Mariana Gómez-Schiavon, Marty G. Yang, Breanna Kalmeta, et al. “Enhancer Histone Acetylation Modulates Transcriptional Bursting Dynamics of Neuronal Activity-Inducible Genes..” Cell Rep 26, no. 5 (January 29, 2019): 1174-1188.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.032.
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  - Adkar, Shaunak S., Chia-Lung Wu, Vincent P. Willard, Amanda Dicks, Adarsh Ettyreddy, Nancy Steward, Nidhi Bhutani, Charles A. Gersbach, and Farshid Guilak. “Step-Wise Chondrogenesis of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Purification Via a Reporter Allele Generated by CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing..” Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio) 37, no. 1 (January 2019): 65–76. https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.2931.
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  - Hakim, Chady H., Nalinda B. Wasala, Christopher E. Nelson, Lakmini P. Wasala, Yongping Yue, Jacqueline A. Louderman, Thais B. Lessa, et al. “AAV CRISPR editing rescues cardiac and muscle function for 18 months in dystrophic mice..” Jci Insight 3, no. 23 (December 6, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.124297.
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  - Black, Joshua B., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Synthetic transcription factors for cell fate reprogramming..” Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 52 (October 2018): 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2018.05.001.
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  - Huynh, Nguyen P. T., Jonathan M. Brunger, Catherine C. Gloss, Franklin T. Moutos, Charles A. Gersbach, and Farshid Guilak. “Genetic Engineering of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Differential Matrix Deposition on 3D Woven Scaffolds..” Tissue Engineering. Part A 24, no. 19–20 (October 2018): 1531–44. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0510.
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  - McDowell, Ian C., Alejandro Barrera, Anthony M. D’Ippolito, Christopher M. Vockley, Linda K. Hong, Sarah M. Leichter, Luke C. Bartelt, et al. “Glucocorticoid receptor recruits to enhancers and drives activation by motif-directed binding..” Genome Res 28, no. 9 (September 2018): 1272–84. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.233346.117.
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  - D’Ippolito, Anthony M., Ian C. McDowell, Alejandro Barrera, Linda K. Hong, Sarah M. Leichter, Luke C. Bartelt, Christopher M. Vockley, et al. “Pre-established Chromatin Interactions Mediate the Genomic Response to Glucocorticoids..” Cell Syst 7, no. 2 (August 22, 2018): 146-160.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cels.2018.06.007.
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  - Klann, Tyler S., Joshua B. Black, and Charles A. Gersbach. “CRISPR-based methods for high-throughput annotation of regulatory DNA..” Current Opinion in Biotechnology 52 (August 2018): 32–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2018.02.004.
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  - Kocak, D Dewran, and Charles A. Gersbach. “From CRISPR scissors to virus sensors..” Nature 557, no. 7704 (May 2018): 168–69. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-04975-8.
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  - Thakore, Pratiksha I., Jennifer B. Kwon, Christopher E. Nelson, Douglas C. Rouse, Matthew P. Gemberling, Matthew L. Oliver, and Charles A. Gersbach. “RNA-guided transcriptional silencing in vivo with S. aureus CRISPR-Cas9 repressors..” Nature Communications 9, no. 1 (April 26, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04048-4.
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  - Gersbach, C. A., and R. Barrangou. “Pulling the genome in opposite directions to dissect gene networks.” Genome Biology 19, no. 1 (March 26, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-018-1425-1.
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  - Gemberling, Matthew, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Boosting, Not Breaking: CRISPR Activators Treat Disease Models..” Molecular Therapy : The Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 26, no. 2 (February 2018): 334–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.01.004.
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  - Pickar, Adrian K., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Gene therapies for hemophilia hit the mark in clinical trials..” Nature Medicine 24, no. 2 (February 2018): 121–22. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.4492.
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  - Klann, Tyler S., Gregory E. Crawford, Timothy E. Reddy, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Screening Regulatory Element Function with CRISPR/Cas9-based Epigenome Editing..” Methods Mol Biol 1767 (2018): 447–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7774-1_25.
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  - Manandhar, Dinesh, Lingyun Song, Ami Kabadi, Jennifer B. Kwon, Lee E. Edsall, Melanie Ehrlich, Koji Tsumagari, Charles A. Gersbach, Gregory E. Crawford, and Raluca Gordân. “Incomplete MyoD-induced transdifferentiation is associated with chromatin remodeling deficiencies..” Nucleic Acids Res 45, no. 20 (November 16, 2017): 11684–99. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx773.
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  - Nelson, C. E., J. N. Robinson-Hamm, and C. A. Gersbach. “Genome engineering: A new approach to gene therapy for neuromuscular disorders.” Nature Reviews Neurology 13, no. 11 (November 1, 2017): 647–61. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2017.126.
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  - Pathak, Gopal P., Jessica I. Spiltoir, Camilla Höglund, Lauren R. Polstein, Sari Heine-Koskinen, Charles A. Gersbach, Jari Rossi, and Chandra L. Tucker. “Bidirectional approaches for optogenetic regulation of gene expression in mammalian cells using Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2..” Nucleic Acids Research 45, no. 20 (November 2017). https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx260.
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  - Polstein, Lauren R., Mark Juhas, Gabi Hanna, Nenad Bursac, and Charles A. Gersbach. “An Engineered Optogenetic Switch for Spatiotemporal Control of Gene Expression, Cell Differentiation, and Tissue Morphogenesis..” Acs Synthetic Biology 6, no. 11 (November 2017): 2003–13. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssynbio.7b00147.
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  - Adkar, Shaunak S., Jonathan M. Brunger, Vincent P. Willard, Chia-Lung Wu, Charles A. Gersbach, and Farshid Guilak. “Genome Engineering for Personalized Arthritis Therapeutics..” Trends in Molecular Medicine 23, no. 10 (October 2017): 917–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2017.08.002.
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  - Farhang, Niloofar, Jonathan M. Brunger, Joshua D. Stover, Pratiksha I. Thakore, Brandon Lawrence, Farshid Guilak, Charles A. Gersbach, Lori A. Setton, and Robby D. Bowles. “* CRISPR-Based Epigenome Editing of Cytokine Receptors for the Promotion of Cell Survival and Tissue Deposition in Inflammatory Environments..” Tissue Engineering. Part A 23, no. 15–16 (August 2017): 738–49. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0441.
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  - Huang, Jianguo, Mark Chen, Melodi Javid Whitley, Hsuan-Cheng Kuo, Eric S. Xu, Andrea Walens, Yvonne M. Mowery, et al. “Generation and comparison of CRISPR-Cas9 and Cre-mediated genetically engineered mouse models of sarcoma..” Nat Commun 8 (July 10, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15999.
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  - Black, Joshua B., Pablo Perez-Pinera, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Mammalian Synthetic Biology: Engineering Biological Systems..” Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 19 (June 2017): 249–77. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071516-044649.
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  - Klann, Tyler S., Joshua B. Black, Malathi Chellappan, Alexias Safi, Lingyun Song, Isaac B. Hilton, Gregory E. Crawford, Timothy E. Reddy, and Charles A. Gersbach. “CRISPR-Cas9 epigenome editing enables high-throughput screening for functional regulatory elements in the human genome..” Nat Biotechnol 35, no. 6 (June 2017): 561–68. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3853.
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  - Brunger, Jonathan M., Ananya Zutshi, Vincent P. Willard, Charles A. Gersbach, and Farshid Guilak. “CRISPR/Cas9 Editing of Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Engineering Inflammation-Resistant Tissues..” Arthritis & Rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) 69, no. 5 (May 2017): 1111–21. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.39982.
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  - Brunger, Jonathan M., Ananya Zutshi, Vincent P. Willard, Charles A. Gersbach, and Farshid Guilak. “Genome Engineering of Stem Cells for Autonomously Regulated, Closed-Loop Delivery of Biologic Drugs..” Stem Cell Reports 8, no. 5 (May 2017): 1202–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.03.022.
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  - Barrangou, Rodolphe, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Expanding the CRISPR Toolbox: Targeting RNA with Cas13b..” Molecular Cell 65, no. 4 (February 2017): 582–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2017.02.002.
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  - Hilton, Isaac B., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Genetic engineering: Chemical control for CRISPR editing..” Nature Chemical Biology 13, no. 1 (January 2017): 2–3. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.2243.
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  - Housden, Benjamin E., Matthias Muhar, Matthew Gemberling, Charles A. Gersbach, Didier Y. R. Stainier, Geraldine Seydoux, Stephanie E. Mohr, Johannes Zuber, and Norbert Perrimon. “Loss-of-function genetic tools for animal models: cross-species and cross-platform differences..” Nature Reviews. Genetics 18, no. 1 (January 2017): 24–40. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg.2016.118.
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  - Lee, Jaewoo, Li Xu, Tyler M. Gibson, Charles A. Gersbach, and Bruce A. Sullenger. “Differential effects of toll-like receptor stimulation on mRNA-driven myogenic conversion of human and mouse fibroblasts..” Biochem Biophys Res Commun 478, no. 3 (September 23, 2016): 1484–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.159.
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  - Black, Joshua B., Andrew F. Adler, Hong-Gang Wang, Anthony M. D’Ippolito, Hunter A. Hutchinson, Timothy E. Reddy, Geoffrey S. Pitt, Kam W. Leong, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Targeted Epigenetic Remodeling of Endogenous Loci by CRISPR/Cas9-Based Transcriptional Activators Directly Converts Fibroblasts to Neuronal Cells..” Cell Stem Cell 19, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 406–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2016.07.001.
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  - Robinson-Hamm, Jacqueline N., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Gene therapies that restore dystrophin expression for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy..” Human Genetics 135, no. 9 (September 2016): 1029–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-016-1725-z.
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  - Moutos, Franklin T., Katherine A. Glass, Sarah A. Compton, Alison K. Ross, Charles A. Gersbach, Farshid Guilak, and Bradley T. Estes. “Anatomically shaped tissue-engineered cartilage with tunable and inducible anticytokine delivery for biological joint resurfacing..” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113, no. 31 (August 2016): E4513–22. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1601639113.
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  - Hwang, Priscilla Y., Liufang Jing, Jun Chen, Foon-Lian Lim, Ruhang Tang, Hyowon Choi, Kenneth M. Cheung, et al. “N-cadherin is Key to Expression of the Nucleus Pulposus Cell Phenotype under Selective Substrate Culture Conditions..” Scientific Reports 6 (June 13, 2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28038.
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  - Nelson, Christopher E., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Engineering Delivery Vehicles for Genome Editing..” Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 7 (June 2016): 637–62. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-080615-034711.
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  - Landau, Dustin J., Elizabeth Drake Brooks, Pablo Perez-Pinera, Hiruni Amarasekara, Adam Mefferd, Songtao Li, Andrew Bird, Charles A. Gersbach, and Dwight D. Koeberl. “In Vivo Zinc Finger Nuclease-mediated Targeted Integration of a Glucose-6-phosphatase Transgene Promotes Survival in Mice With Glycogen Storage Disease Type IA..” Mol Ther 24, no. 4 (April 2016): 697–706. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2016.35.
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  - Josephs, Eric A., D Dewran Kocak, Christopher J. Fitzgibbon, Joshua McMenemy, Charles A. Gersbach, and Piotr E. Marszalek. “Structure and specificity of the RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 during DNA interrogation, target binding and cleavage..” Nucleic Acids Research 44, no. 5 (March 2016). https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv1293.
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  - Maeder, Morgan L., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Genome-editing Technologies for Gene and Cell Therapy..” Molecular Therapy : The Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 24, no. 3 (March 2016): 430–46. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2016.10.
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  - Nelson, Christopher E., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Cas9 loosens its grip on off-target sites..” Nature Biotechnology 34, no. 3 (March 2016): 298–99. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3501.
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  - Thakore, Pratiksha I., Joshua B. Black, Isaac B. Hilton, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Editing the epigenome: technologies for programmable transcription and epigenetic modulation..” Nature Methods 13, no. 2 (February 2016): 127–37. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3733.
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  - Nelson, Christopher E., Chady H. Hakim, David G. Ousterout, Pratiksha I. Thakore, Eirik A. Moreb, Ruth M. Castellanos Rivera, Sarina Madhavan, et al. “In vivo genome editing improves muscle function in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy..” Science 351, no. 6271 (January 22, 2016): 403–7. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad5143.
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  - Ousterout, David G., and Charles A. Gersbach. “The Development of TALE Nucleases for Biotechnology..” Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.) 1338 (January 2016): 27–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2932-0_3.
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  - Thakore, Pratiksha I., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Design, Assembly, and Characterization of TALE-Based Transcriptional Activators and Repressors..” Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.) 1338 (January 2016): 71–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2932-0_7.
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  - Doudna, Jennifer A., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Genome editing: the end of the beginning..” Genome Biology 16 (December 23, 2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-015-0860-5.
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  - Thakore, Pratiksha I., Anthony M. D’Ippolito, Lingyun Song, Alexias Safi, Nishkala K. Shivakumar, Ami M. Kabadi, Timothy E. Reddy, Gregory E. Crawford, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Highly specific epigenome editing by CRISPR-Cas9 repressors for silencing of distal regulatory elements..” Nat Methods 12, no. 12 (December 2015): 1143–49. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3630.
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  - Hilton, Isaac B., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Enabling functional genomics with genome engineering..” Genome Research 25, no. 10 (October 2015): 1442–55. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.190124.115.
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  - Josephs, Eric A., D Dewran Kocak, Christopher J. Fitzgibbon, Joshua McMenemy, Charles A. Gersbach, and Piotr E. Marszalek. “Structure and specificity of the RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 during DNA interrogation, target binding and cleavage..” Nucleic Acids Research 43, no. 18 (October 2015): 8924–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv892.
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  - Polstein, Lauren R., Pablo Perez-Pinera, D Dewran Kocak, Christopher M. Vockley, Peggy Bledsoe, Lingyun Song, Alexias Safi, Gregory E. Crawford, Timothy E. Reddy, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Genome-wide specificity of DNA binding, gene regulation, and chromatin remodeling by TALE- and CRISPR/Cas9-based transcriptional activators..” Genome Res 25, no. 8 (August 2015): 1158–69. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.179044.114.
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  - Kabadi, Ami M., Pratiksha I. Thakore, Christopher M. Vockley, David G. Ousterout, Tyler M. Gibson, Farshid Guilak, Timothy E. Reddy, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Enhanced MyoD-induced transdifferentiation to a myogenic lineage by fusion to a potent transactivation domain..” Acs Synth Biol 4, no. 6 (June 19, 2015): 689–99. https://doi.org/10.1021/sb500322u.
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  - Gibson, Tyler M., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Single-molecule analysis of myocyte differentiation reveals bimodal lineage commitment..” Integrative Biology : Quantitative Biosciences From Nano to Macro 7, no. 6 (June 2015): 663–71. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ib00057b.
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  - Frank, Christopher L., Fang Liu, Ranjula Wijayatunge, Lingyun Song, Matthew T. Biegler, Marty G. Yang, Christopher M. Vockley, et al. “Regulation of chromatin accessibility and Zic binding at enhancers in the developing cerebellum..” Nat Neurosci 18, no. 5 (May 2015): 647–56. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3995.
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  - Hilton, Isaac B., Anthony M. D’Ippolito, Christopher M. Vockley, Pratiksha I. Thakore, Gregory E. Crawford, Timothy E. Reddy, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Epigenome editing by a CRISPR-Cas9-based acetyltransferase activates genes from promoters and enhancers..” Nat Biotechnol 33, no. 5 (May 2015): 510–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3199.
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  - Diekman, Brian O., Pratiksha I. Thakore, Shannon K. O’Connor, Vincent P. Willard, Jonathan M. Brunger, Nicolas Christoforou, Kam W. Leong, Charles A. Gersbach, and Farshid Guilak. “Knockdown of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 enhances cartilage formation by induced pluripotent stem cells..” Tissue Engineering. Part A 21, no. 7–8 (April 2015): 1261–74. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0240.
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  - Ousterout, D. G., A. M. Kabadi, P. I. Thakore, P. Perez-Pinera, M. T. Brown, W. H. Majoros, T. E. Reddy, and C. A. Gersbach. “Correction of dystrophin expression in cells from Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients through genomic excision of exon 51 by zinc finger nucleases.” Molecular Therapy 23, no. 3 (March 5, 2015): 523–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2014.234.
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  - Ousterout, David G., Ami M. Kabadi, Pratiksha I. Thakore, Pablo Perez-Pinera, Matthew T. Brown, William H. Majoros, Timothy E. Reddy, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Correction of dystrophin expression in cells from Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients through genomic excision of exon 51 by zinc finger nucleases..” Mol Ther 23, no. 3 (March 2015): 523–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2014.234.
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  - Ousterout, David G., Ami M. Kabadi, Pratiksha I. Thakore, Pablo Perez-Pinera, Matthew T. Brown, William H. Majoros, Timothy E. Reddy, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Correction of Dystrophin Expression in Cells From Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients Through Genomic Excision of Exon 51 by Zinc Finger Nucleases.” Molecular Therapy 23, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 523–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2074.234.
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  - Polstein, Lauren R., and Charles A. Gersbach. “A light-inducible CRISPR-Cas9 system for control of endogenous gene activation..” Nature Chemical Biology 11, no. 3 (March 2015): 198–200. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.1753.
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  - Ousterout, David G., Ami M. Kabadi, Pratiksha I. Thakore, William H. Majoros, Timothy E. Reddy, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing for correction of dystrophin mutations that cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy..” Nat Commun 6 (February 18, 2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7244.
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  - Polstein, L. R., and C. A. Gersbach. “A light-inducible CRISPR-Cas9 system for control of endogenous gene activation.” Nature Chemical Biology 11, no. 3 (January 1, 2015): 198–200. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.1753.
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  - Chakraborty, Syandan, HaYeun Ji, Jack Chen, Charles A. Gersbach, and Kam W. Leong. “Vector modifications to eliminate transposase expression following piggyBac-mediated transgenesis..” Scientific Reports 4 (December 10, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep07403.
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  - Chakraborty, Syandan, HaYeun Ji, Ami M. Kabadi, Charles A. Gersbach, Nicolas Christoforou, and Kam W. Leong. “A CRISPR/Cas9-based system for reprogramming cell lineage specification..” Stem Cell Reports 3, no. 6 (December 2014): 940–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.09.013.
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  - Gersbach, Charles A. “Genome engineering: the next genomic revolution..” Nature Methods 11, no. 10 (October 2014): 1009–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3113.
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  - Kabadi, Ami M., David G. Ousterout, Isaac B. Hilton, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome engineering from a single lentiviral vector..” Nucleic Acids Research 42, no. 19 (October 2014). https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku749.
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  - Kabadi, Ami M., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Special issue on engineered DNA-binding proteins..” Acs Synthetic Biology 3, no. 10 (October 2014): 702–3. https://doi.org/10.1021/sb500325e.
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  - Kabadi, Ami M., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Engineering synthetic TALE and CRISPR/Cas9 transcription factors for regulating gene expression..” Methods (San Diego, Calif.) 69, no. 2 (September 2014): 188–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.06.014.
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  - Gersbach, Charles A., Thomas Gaj, and Carlos F. Barbas. “Synthetic zinc finger proteins: the advent of targeted gene regulation and genome modification technologies..” Accounts of Chemical Research 47, no. 8 (August 2014): 2309–18. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar500039w.
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  - Gersbach, Charles A., and Pablo Perez-Pinera. “Activating human genes with zinc finger proteins, transcription activator-like effectors and CRISPR/Cas9 for gene therapy and regenerative medicine..” Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets 18, no. 8 (August 2014): 835–39. https://doi.org/10.1517/14728222.2014.913572.
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  - Glass, Katherine A., Jarrett M. Link, Jonathan M. Brunger, Franklin T. Moutos, Charles A. Gersbach, and Farshid Guilak. “Tissue-engineered cartilage with inducible and tunable immunomodulatory properties..” Biomaterials 35, no. 22 (July 2014): 5921–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.073.
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  - High, Katherine, Philip D. Gregory, and Charles Gersbach. “CRISPR technology for gene therapy..” Nature Medicine 20, no. 5 (May 2014): 476–77. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3566.
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  - Brunger, Jonathan M., Nguyen P. T. Huynh, Caitlin M. Guenther, Pablo Perez-Pinera, Franklin T. Moutos, Johannah Sanchez-Adams, Charles A. Gersbach, and Farshid Guilak. “Scaffold-mediated lentiviral transduction for functional tissue engineering of cartilage..” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111, no. 9 (March 2014): E798–806. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1321744111.
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  - Gersbach, C. A., T. Gaj, and C. F. Barbas. “Comparing genome editing technologies.” Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News 34, no. 5 (March 1, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1089/gen.34.05.02.
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  - Polstein, Lauren R., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Light-inducible gene regulation with engineered zinc finger proteins..” Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.) 1148 (January 2014): 89–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0470-9_7.
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  - Duvall, C. L., A. Prokop, C. A. Gersbach, and J. M. Davidson. “Gene Delivery into Cells and Tissues,” November 1, 2013, 687–723. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-398358-9.00035-5.
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  - Ousterout, D. G., P. Perez-Pinera, P. I. Thakore, A. M. Kabadi, M. T. Brown, X. Qin, O. Fedrigo, V. Mouly, J. P. Tremblay, and C. A. Gersbach. “Erratum: Reading Frame correction by targeted genome editing restores dystrophin expression in cells from duchenne muscular dystrophy patients (Molecular Therapy (2013) 21 (1718-1726) DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.111).” Molecular Therapy 21, no. 11 (November 1, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2013.229.
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  - Perez-Pinera, Pablo, D Dewran Kocak, Christopher M. Vockley, Andrew F. Adler, Ami M. Kabadi, Lauren R. Polstein, Pratiksha I. Thakore, et al. “RNA-guided gene activation by CRISPR-Cas9-based transcription factors..” Nat Methods 10, no. 10 (October 2013): 973–76. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2600.
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  - Ousterout, David G., Pablo Perez-Pinera, Pratiksha I. Thakore, Ami M. Kabadi, Matthew T. Brown, Xiaoxia Qin, Olivier Fedrigo, Vincent Mouly, Jacques P. Tremblay, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Reading frame correction by targeted genome editing restores dystrophin expression in cells from Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients..” Molecular Therapy : The Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 21, no. 9 (September 2013): 1718–26. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2013.111.
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  - Gersbach, C. A. “Engineered Proteins for Controlling Gene Expression” 1 (August 27, 2013): 125–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385942-6.00013-5.
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  - Gaj, Thomas, Charles A. Gersbach, and Carlos F. Barbas. “ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR/Cas-based methods for genome engineering..” Trends in Biotechnology 31, no. 7 (July 2013): 397–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.04.004.
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  - Dumbauld, David W., Ted T. Lee, Ankur Singh, Jan Scrimgeour, Charles A. Gersbach, Evan A. Zamir, Jianping Fu, et al. “How vinculin regulates force transmission..” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 110, no. 24 (June 2013): 9788–93. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1216209110.
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  - Gibson, Tyler M., and Charles A. Gersbach. “The role of single-cell analyses in understanding cell lineage commitment..” Biotechnology Journal 8, no. 4 (April 2013): 397–407. https://doi.org/10.1002/biot.201200201.
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  - Bhakta, Mital S., Isabelle M. Henry, David G. Ousterout, Kumitaa Theva Das, Sarah H. Lockwood, Joshua F. Meckler, Mark C. Wallen, et al. “Highly active zinc-finger nucleases by extended modular assembly..” Genome Research 23, no. 3 (March 2013): 530–38. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.143693.112.
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  - Perez-Pinera, Pablo, David G. Ousterout, Jonathan M. Brunger, Alicia M. Farin, Katherine A. Glass, Farshid Guilak, Gregory E. Crawford, Alexander J. Hartemink, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Synergistic and tunable human gene activation by combinations of synthetic transcription factors..” Nat Methods 10, no. 3 (March 2013): 239–42. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2361.
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  - Tremblay, Jacques P., Xiao Xiao, Annemieke Aartsma-Rus, Carlos Barbas, Helen M. Blau, Adam J. Bogdanove, Kym Boycott, et al. “Translating the genomics revolution: the need for an international gene therapy consortium for monogenic diseases..” Molecular Therapy : The Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 21, no. 2 (February 2013): 266–68. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2013.4.
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  - Gersbach, C. A., and C. F. Barbas. “Targeted plasmid integration into the Human Genome by engineered recombinases.” Topics in Current Genetics 23 (January 1, 2013): 267–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4531-5_10.
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  - Ousterout, D. G., P. Perez-Pinera, P. I. Thakore, A. M. Kabadi, M. T. Brown, X. Qin, O. Fedrigo, V. Mouly, J. P. Tremblay, and C. A. Gersbach. “Reading frame correction by targeted genome editing restores dystrophin expression in cells from duchenne muscular dystrophy patients.” Molecular Therapy 21, no. 9 (2013): 1718–26. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2013.111.
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  - Perez-Pinera, P., D. D. Kocak, C. M. Vockley, A. F. Adler, A. M. Kabadi, L. R. Polstein, P. I. Thakore, et al. “RNA-guided gene activation by CRISPR-Cas9-based transcription factors.” Nature Methods 10, no. 10 (2013): 973–76. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2600.
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  - Polstein, L. R., and C. A. Gersbach. “Photoregulated gene expression in human cells with light-inducible engineered transcription factors.” Asme 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Sbc 2012, December 1, 2012, 351–52. https://doi.org/10.1115/SBC2012-80573.
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  - Polstein, Lauren R., and Charles A. Gersbach. “Light-inducible spatiotemporal control of gene activation by customizable zinc finger transcription factors..” Journal of the American Chemical Society 134, no. 40 (October 2012): 16480–83. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja3065667.
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  - Perez-Pinera, Pablo, David G. Ousterout, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Advances in targeted genome editing..” Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 16, no. 3–4 (August 2012): 268–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.06.007.
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  - Perez-Pinera, Pablo, David G. Ousterout, Matthew T. Brown, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Gene targeting to the ROSA26 locus directed by engineered zinc finger nucleases..” Nucleic Acids Research 40, no. 8 (April 2012): 3741–52. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr1214.
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  - Gersbach, C. A. “Engineered Proteins for Controlling Gene Expression,” December 1, 2011, 159–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381422-7.10008-2.
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  - Gersbach, C. A. “Engineered bioactive molecules” 5 (October 1, 2011): 131–45.
  - Gersbach, Charles A., Thomas Gaj, Russell M. Gordley, Andrew C. Mercer, and Carlos F. Barbas. “Targeted plasmid integration into the human genome by an engineered zinc-finger recombinase..” Nucleic Acids Research 39, no. 17 (September 2011): 7868–78. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr421.
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  - Gaj, T., A. C. Mercer, C. A. Gersbach, R. M. Gordley, and C. F. Barbas. “Structure-guided reprogramming of serine recombinase DNA sequence specificity.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108, no. 2 (January 11, 2011): 510–15. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016462108.
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  - Gaj, Thomas, Andrew C. Mercer, Charles A. Gersbach, Russell M. Gordley, and Carlos F. Barbas. “Structure-guided reprogramming of serine recombinase DNA sequence specificity..” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108, no. 2 (January 2011): 498–503. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014214108.
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  - Gersbach, Charles A., Thomas Gaj, Russell M. Gordley, and Carlos F. Barbas. “Directed evolution of recombinase specificity by split gene reassembly..” Nucleic Acids Research 38, no. 12 (July 2010): 4198–4206. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkq125.
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  - Gordley, Russell M., Charles A. Gersbach, and Carlos F. Barbas. “Synthesis of programmable integrases..” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106, no. 13 (March 12, 2009): 5053–58. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812502106.
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  - Gersbach, Charles A., Sean R. Coyer, Joseph M. Le Doux, and Andrés J. García. “Biomaterial-mediated retroviral gene transfer using self-assembled monolayers..” Biomaterials 28, no. 34 (December 2007): 5121–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.07.047.
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  - Pregizer, Steven, Artem Barski, Charles A. Gersbach, Andrés J. García, and Baruch Frenkel. “Identification of novel Runx2 targets in osteoblasts: cell type-specific BMP-dependent regulation of Tram2..” Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 102, no. 6 (December 2007): 1458–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.21366.
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  - Gersbach, Charles A., Robert E. Guldberg, and Andrés J. García. “In vitro and in vivo osteoblastic differentiation of BMP-2- and Runx2-engineered skeletal myoblasts..” Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 100, no. 5 (April 2007): 1324–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.21118.
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  - Gersbach, Charles A., Jennifer E. Phillips, and Andrés J. García. “Genetic engineering for skeletal regenerative medicine..” Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 9 (January 2007): 87–119. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bioeng.9.060906.151949.
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  - Phillips, Jennifer E., Charles A. Gersbach, and Andrés J. García. “Virus-based gene therapy strategies for bone regeneration..” Biomaterials 28, no. 2 (January 2007): 211–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.07.032.
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  - Gersbach, C. A., J. M. Le Doux, R. E. Guldberg, and A. J. García. “Inducible regulation of Runx2-stimulated osteogenesis..” Gene Therapy 13, no. 11 (June 2006): 873–82. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.gt.3302725.
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  - Phillips, Jennifer E., Charles A. Gersbach, Abigail M. Wojtowicz, and Andrés J. García. “Glucocorticoid-induced osteogenesis is negatively regulated by Runx2/Cbfa1 serine phosphorylation..” Journal of Cell Science 119, no. Pt 3 (February 2006): 581–91. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.02758.
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  - Gersbach, C. A., J. E. Phillips, R. E. Guldberg, and A. J. García. “Runx2-genetically engineered cells for bone tissue engineering.” Proceedings of the 2005 Summer Bioengineering Conference 2005 (December 1, 2005): 603–4.
  - Lan, Michael A., Charles A. Gersbach, Kristin E. Michael, Benjamin G. Keselowsky, and Andrés J. García. “Myoblast proliferation and differentiation on fibronectin-coated self assembled monolayers presenting different surface chemistries..” Biomaterials 26, no. 22 (August 2005): 4523–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.11.028.
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  - Drevs, J., U. Zirrgiebel, C. I. M. Schmidt-Gersbach, K. Mross, M. Medinger, L. Lee, J. Pinheiro, et al. “Soluble markers for the assessment of biological activity with PTK787/ZK 222584 (PTK/ZK), a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer from two phase I trials..” Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology 16, no. 4 (April 2005): 558–65. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdi118.
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  - Gersbach, C. A., B. A. Byers, R. E. Guldberg, G. K. Pavlath, and A. J. Garcia. “Runx2-stimulated transdifferentiation of primary skeletal myoblasts into an osteoblastic mineralizing phenotype for bone tissue engineering.” Transactions 7th World Biomaterials Congress, December 1, 2004.
  - Gersbach, Charles A., Benjamin A. Byers, Grace K. Pavlath, Robert E. Guldberg, and Andrés J. García. “Runx2/Cbfa1-genetically engineered skeletal myoblasts mineralize collagen scaffolds in vitro..” Biotechnology and Bioengineering 88, no. 3 (November 2004): 369–78. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.20251.
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  - Gersbach, Charles A., Benjamin A. Byers, Grace K. Pavlath, and Andrés J. García. “Runx2/Cbfa1 stimulates transdifferentiation of primary skeletal myoblasts into a mineralizing osteoblastic phenotype..” Experimental Cell Research 300, no. 2 (November 2004): 406–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.07.031.
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  - GERSBACH, C. A. “Runx2/Cbfa1 stimulates transdifferentiation of primary skeletal myoblasts into a mineralizing osteoblastic phenotype.” Exp. Cell Res. 300 (2004): 406–17.
  - García, Andrés J., Robert E. Guldberg, Benjamin A. Byers, Charles A. Gersbach, and Jennifer E. Phillips. “Addressing cell-sourcing limitations with gene therapy..” Ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine : The Quarterly Magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society 22, no. 5 (September 2003): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1109/memb.2003.1256274.
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- Book Sections
  - Thakore, P. I., and C. A. Gersbach. “Genome Engineering for Therapeutic Applications.” In Translating Gene Therapy to the Clinic: Techniques and Approaches, 27–43, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800563-7.00003-8.
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  - Polstein, L. R., and C. A. Gersbach. “Spatiotemporal genetic control of cellular systems.” In Tissue and Organ Regeneration: Advances in Micro- and Nanotechnology, 156–97, 2014. https://doi.org/10.4032/9789814411684.
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- Conference Papers
  - Farhang, N., J. M. Brunger, J. D. Stover, P. I. Thakore, B. D. Lawrence, F. Guilak, C. A. Gersbach, L. A. Setton, and R. D. Bowles. “CRISPRi Immunomodulation for Tissue Engineering/Stem Cell Therapies Targeting Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.” In Tissue Engineering Part A, 21:S170–S170. MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC, 2015.
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  - Glass, K. A., A. K. Ross, S. A. Compton, C. A. Gersbach, F. T. Moutos, B. T. Estes, and F. Guilak. “Anatomically-Shaped Tissue-Engineered Cartilage with Tunable and Inducible Anti-Inflammatory Capabilities.” In Tissue Engineering Part A, 21:S330–S330. MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC, 2015.
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  - Black, Joshua, Andrew Adler, Hunter Hutchinson, Honggang Wang, Geoffrey Pitt, Kam Leong, and Charles Gersbach. “59. Multiplex Gene Activation by CRISPR/Cas9-Based Transcription Factors for the Direct Conversion of Fibroblasts to a Neuronal Phenotype.” In Molecular Therapy, 23:S26–S26. Elsevier BV, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33664-4.
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  - Schulz, Eric, Thorsten Bergmann, Maren Gebbing, Verena Schildgen, Oliver Schildgen, Charles Gersbach, and Anja Ehrhardt. “Mutation Detection Following Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ): A Comparison of Different Semi Quantitative and Quantitative Methods.” In Molecular Therapy, 22:S126–27. NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2014.
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  - Perez-Pinera, Pablo, David G. Ousterout, Jonathan M. Brunger, Alicia M. Farin, Katherine A. Glass, Farshid Guilak, Gregory E. Crawford, Alexander J. Hartemink, and Charles A. Gersbach. “Synergistic and Tunable Gene Activation by Combinations of Synthetic Transcription Factors.” In Molecular Therapy, 21:S93–S93. NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2013.
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  - Glass, K. A., J. M. Brunger, C. A. Gersbach, and F. Guilak. “Tunable expression of IL-1Ra in genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage tissue engineering.” In Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 21:S282–83. Elsevier BV, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2013.02.591.
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