Charles Muiruri | Scholars@Duke

Charles Muiruri
Assistant Professor of Population Health Sciences

Dr. Muiruri is a health services researcher, Assistant Professor in the Duke Department of Population Health Sciences, Assistant Research Professor in the Global Health Institute, and Adjunct lecturer at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi Tanzania.
Broadly, his research seeks to improve the quality of healthcare and reduce disparities for persons with multiple chronic conditions both in and outside the United States. His current work focuses on prevention of nonAIDS comorbidities among people living with HIV. His current projects funded by NIAID, NHLBI and NIMHD focus on improving the quality of cardiovascular disease prevention and care among people living with HIV in North Carolina and Tanzania.

Areas of Expertise: Mixed methods, Qualitative methods, Applied Econometrics in Health services Research, Preference research, Implementation Science, Global Health, Health Policy

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Assistant Professor of Population Health Sciences, Population Health Sciences, Basic Science Departments 2021
Assistant Research Professor of Global Health, Duke Global Health Institute, University Institutes and Centers 2021

Contact Information

215 Morris St. Suite 210, Imperial Building, Durham, NC 27705
Box 104023, Durham, NC 27705
charles.muiruri@duke.edu (919) 660-3212

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 2017
Duke Appointment History
- Medical Instructor in the Department of Population Health Sciences, Population Health Sciences, Basic Science Departments 2019 - 2021
- Medical Instructor of Global Health, Duke Global Health Institute, University Institutes and Centers 2019 - 2021
Leadership & Clinical Positions at Duke
- Co-Director CTSI Center for Pathway Programs
Academic Positions Outside Duke
- Adjunct lecturer, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College. 2018 - 2022
Recognition
In the News
- JAN 1, 2009 Global Health Matters
  
  The challenge of research management
Awards & Honors
Expertise
Subject Headings
Global Scholarship
- Expertise
- Research
Research
Selected Grants
- Addressing barriers to anti-hypertensive medication adherence among persons living who have achieved viral suppression awarded by National Institutes of Health 2021 - 2026
- Pathways to cardiovascular disease prevention and impact of specialty referral in under-represented racial/ethnic minorities with HIV awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- Sociobehavioral Sciences Research to Improve Care for HIV Infection in Tanzania awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2023
- Investigating Febrile Deaths in Tanzania (INDITe) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2021
- Strengthening of Research Capacity for Junior Faculty in Tanzania awarded by Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre 2015 - 2021
- Hypertension and hyperlipidemia medication adherence in EXTRA-CVD study: Diversity Supplement awarded by Case Western Reserve University 2019 - 2021
- KCM College-Duke Medical Educational Partnership (DUKE) awarded by Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre 2010 - 2016
- The Impact and Society Ecology of Bacterial Zoonoses in Northern Tanzania: Understanding Transmission Patterns Among Human, Livestock and Wildlife Hosts awarded by National Institutes of Health 2011 - 2016
- Developing Research Capacity in Africa for Studies on HIV-Associated Malignancies (D43) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2010 - 2015
- AIDS International Training and Research Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2014
- International Clinical Trials Unit awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2009
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Knettel, Brandon A., Lisa Wanda, Ismail Amiri, John Myers, Kimberly M. Fernandez, Charles Muiruri, Melissa H. Watt, Blandina T. Mmbaga, and Michael V. Relf. “Assessing the Influence of Community Health Worker Support on Early Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Anticipated Stigma, and Mental Health Among People Living with HIV in Tanzania.” Aids Patient Care Stds 35, no. 8 (August 2021): 308–17. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2021.0028.
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  - Schexnayder, Julie, Chris T. Longenecker, Charles Muiruri, Hayden B. Bosworth, Daniel Gebhardt, Sarah E. Gonzales, Jan E. Hanson, et al. “Understanding constraints on integrated care for people with HIV and multimorbid cardiovascular conditions: an application of the Theoretical Domains Framework.” Implement Sci Commun 2, no. 1 (February 12, 2021): 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-021-00114-z.
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  - Mkumba, Laura, Charles Muiruri, Keva Garg, Melissa H. Watt, and Nwora Lance Okeke. “Perspectives of Chronic Disease Management Among Persons with HIV: A Qualitative Study.” Patient Prefer Adherence 15 (2021): 49–55. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S287325.
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  - Munishi, Oresto Michael, Valerie McCormack, Bariki Mchome, Glory Mangi, Leah L. Zullig, John Bartlett, Oscar Mapunda, et al. “Awareness of Cancer Risk Factors and Its Signs and Symptoms in Northern Tanzania: a Cross-Sectional Survey in the General Population and in People Living with HIV.” J Cancer Educ 35, no. 4 (August 2020): 696–704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01513-6.
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  - Snavely, Michael E., Martha Oshosen, Elizabeth F. Msoka, Francis P. Karia, Michael J. Maze, Lauren S. Blum, Matthew P. Rubach, et al. “"If You Have No Money, You Might Die": A Qualitative Study of Sociocultural and Health System Barriers to Care for Decedent Febrile Inpatients in Northern Tanzania.” Am J Trop Med Hyg 103, no. 1 (July 2020): 494–500. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.19-0822.
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  - Vilme, Helene, Christopher J. Paul, Naomi N. Duke, Santiba D. Campbell, Derrick Sauls, Charles Muiruri, Asheley C. Skinner, Hayden Bosworth, Yussif M. Dokurugu, and John P. Fay. “Using geographic information systems to characterize food environments around historically black colleges and universities: Implications for nutrition interventions.” J Am Coll Health, June 22, 2020, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2020.1767113.
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  - Aifah, Angela, Nwora Lance Okeke, Cynthia R. Rentrope, Julie Schexnayder, Gerald S. Bloomfield, Hayden Bosworth, Kiran Grover, et al. “Use of a human-centered design approach to adapt a nurse-led cardiovascular disease prevention intervention in HIV clinics.” Prog Cardiovasc Dis 63, no. 2 (March 2020): 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.02.013.
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  - Kayange, Neema M., Nicholaus Mazuguni, Adolfine Hokororo, Charles Muiruri, Karl Reis, Benson R. Kidenya, and Humphrey D. Mazigo. “Renal abnormalities and its associated factors among school-aged children living in Schistosoma mansoni endemic communities in Northwestern Tanzania.” Trop Med Health 48 (2020): 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00243-6.
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  - Muiruri, Charles, Isabelle P. Sico, Julie Schexnayder, Allison R. Webel, Nwora Lance Okeke, Christopher T. Longenecker, Juan Marcos Gonzalez, Kelley A. Jones, Sarah E. Gonzales, and Hayden B. Bosworth. “Why Do People Living with HIV Adhere to Antiretroviral Therapy and Not Comorbid Cardiovascular Disease Medications? A Qualitative Inquiry.” Patient Prefer Adherence 14 (2020): 985–94. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S254882.
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  - Muiruri, Charles, Scholastica J. Swai, Habib O. Ramadhani, Brandon A. Knettel, Michael J. Mahande, Sia E. Msuya, and John A. Bartlett. “Individual and partner characteristics associated with HIV testing and counseling uptake among individuals 50 years or older in Tanzania.” Int J Std Aids 30, no. 14 (December 2019): 1425–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462419874990.
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  - Vilme, Helene, Naomi N. Duke, Charles Muiruri, LaShawn Wordlaw, and Asheley C. Skinner. “Using Telehealth to Disseminate Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary CVD Interventions to Rural Populations.” Current Hypertension Reports 21, no. 12 (November 7, 2019): 92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-019-0998-8.
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  - Okeke, Nwora Lance, Allison R. Webel, Hayden B. Bosworth, Angela Aifah, Gerald S. Bloomfield, Emily W. Choi, Sarah Gonzales, et al. “Rationale and design of a nurse-led intervention to extend the HIV treatment cascade for cardiovascular disease prevention trial (EXTRA-CVD).” Am Heart J 216 (October 2019): 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.07.005.
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  - Muiruri, Charles, Preeti Manavalan, Shelley A. Jazowski, Brandon A. Knettel, Helene Vilme, and Leah L. Zullig. “Opportunities to Leverage Telehealth Approaches Along the Hypertension Control Cascade in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Curr Hypertens Rep 21, no. 10 (August 26, 2019): 75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-019-0983-2.
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  - Maze, Michael J., Shama Cash-Goldwasser, Matthew P. Rubach, Holly M. Biggs, Renee L. Galloway, Katrina J. Sharples, Kathryn J. Allan, et al. “Risk factors for human acute leptospirosis in northern Tanzania.” Plos Negl Trop Dis 12, no. 6 (June 2018): e0006372. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006372.
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  - Ramadhani, Habib O., Charles Muiruri, Venance P. Maro, Balthazar Nyombi, Michael Omondi, Julian B. Mushi, Eileen S. Lirhunde, and John A. Bartlett. “Patient-Initiated Repackaging of Antiretroviral Therapy, Viral Suppression and Drug Resistance.” Aids and Behavior 22, no. 5 (May 2018): 1671–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1721-x.
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  - Tarimo, Chrispina N., Gibson E. Kapanda, Charles Muiruri, Ahaz T. Kulanga, Esther Lisasi, Kien A. Mteta, Egbert Kessi, et al. “Building Clinical Clerkships Capacity in a Resource-limited Setting: The Case of the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College in Tanzania.” Ann Glob Health 84, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 129–38. https://doi.org/10.29024/aogh.15.
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  - Snavely, Michael E., Michael J. Maze, Charles Muiruri, Lilian Ngowi, Flora Mboya, Julia Beamesderfer, Glory F. Makupa, et al. “Sociocultural and health system factors associated with mortality among febrile inpatients in Tanzania: a prospective social biopsy cohort study.” Bmj Glob Health 3, no. 1 (2018): e000507. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000507.
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  - Zullig, Leah L., Kristin Schroeder, Pilli Nyindo, Theresia Namwai, Elvis Silayo, Angelah Msomba, Michael Oresto Munishi, et al. “Validation and Quality Assessment of the Kilimanjaro Cancer Registry.” J Glob Oncol 2, no. 6 (December 2016): 381–86. https://doi.org/10.1200/JGO.2015.002873.
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  - Zhang, Helen L., Michael W. Omondi, Augustine M. Musyoka, Isaac A. Afwamba, Remigi P. Swai, Francis P. Karia, Charles Muiruri, Elizabeth A. Reddy, John A. Crump, and Matthew P. Rubach. “Challenges of Maintaining Good Clinical Laboratory Practices in Low-Resource Settings: A Health Program Evaluation Framework Case Study From East Africa.” Am J Clin Pathol 146, no. 2 (August 2016): 199–206. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqw083.
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  - Ramadhani, Habib O., Charles Muiruri, Venance P. Maro, Michael Omondi, Julian B. Mushi, Eileen S. Lirhunde, and John A. Bartlett. “Association of knowledge on ART line of treatment, scarcity of treatment options and adherence.” Bmc Health Serv Res 16 (July 15, 2016): 265. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-016-1483-6.
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  - Bakibinga, Pauline, Dennis J. Matanda, Rogers Ayiko, Joseph Rujumba, Charles Muiruri, Djesika Amendah, and Martin Atela. “Pregnancy history and current use of contraception among women of reproductive age in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda: analysis of demographic and health survey data.” Bmj Open 6, no. 3 (March 10, 2016): e009991. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009991.
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  - Kapanda, Gibson Erick, Charles Muiruri, Ahaz T. Kulanga, Chrispina N. Tarimo, Esther Lisasi, Lucy Mimano, Kien Mteta, and John A. Bartlett. “Enhancing future acceptance of rural placement in Tanzania through peripheral hospital rotations for medical students.” Bmc Med Educ 16 (February 9, 2016): 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0582-8.
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  - Lisasi, Esther, Ahaz Kulanga, Charles Muiruri, Lucy Killewo, Ndimangwa Fadhili, Lucy Mimano, Gibson Kapanda, et al. “Modernizing and transforming medical education at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College.” Acad Med 89, no. 8 Suppl (August 2014): S60–64. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000327.
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  - Zullig, Leah L., Sky B. Vanderburg, Charles Muiruri, Amy Abernethy, Bryan J. Weiner, and John Bartlett. “Sustainability of cancer registration in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania--a qualitative assessment.” World Health Popul 15, no. 1 (2014): 21–30. https://doi.org/10.12927/whp.2014.23721.
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  - Crump, John A., Anne B. Morrissey, William L. Nicholson, Robert F. Massung, Robyn A. Stoddard, Renee L. Galloway, Eng Eong Ooi, et al. “Etiology of severe non-malaria febrile illness in Northern Tanzania: a prospective cohort study.” Plos Negl Trop Dis 7, no. 7 (2013): e2324. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002324.
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  - Zullig, Leah L., Charles Muiruri, Amy Abernethy, Bryan J. Weiner, John Bartlett, Olola Oneko, and S Yousuf Zafar. “Cancer registration needs assessment at a tertiary medical centre in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.” World Health Popul 14, no. 2 (2013): 12–23. https://doi.org/10.12927/whp.2013.23271.
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  - Ostermann, Jan, Elizabeth A. Reddy, Meghan M. Shorter, Charles Muiruri, Antipas Mtalo, Dafrosa K. Itemba, Bernard Njau, John A. Bartlett, John A. Crump, and Nathan M. Thielman. “Who tests, who doesn't, and why? Uptake of mobile HIV counseling and testing in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania.” Plos One 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2011): e16488. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016488.
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  - Muiruri, Charles, Shelley A. Jazowski, Seleman K. Semvua, Francis P. Karia, Brandon A. Knettel, Leah L. Zullig, Habib O. Ramadhani, Blandina T. Mmbaga, John A. Bartlett, and Hayden B. Bosworth. “Does antiretroviral therapy packaging matter? Perceptions and preferences of antiretroviral therapy packaging for people living with HIV in Northern Tanzania.,” n.d. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.14371/v1.
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- Conference Papers
  - Cash-Goldwasser, Shama, Michael J. Maze, Matthew P. Rubach, Holly M. Biggs, Robyn A. Stoddard, Katrina J. Sharples, Jo E. B. Halliday, et al. “Risk Factors for Human Brucellosis in Northern Tanzania.” In Am J Trop Med Hyg, 98:598–606, 2018. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0125.
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  - Snavely, Michael, Michael J. Maze, Charles Muiruri, Lilian Ngowi, Flora Mboya, Julia Beamesderfer, Glory Makupa, et al. “ASSESSING THE NON-BIOLOGIC CONTRIBUTORS TO MORTALITY AMONG INPATIENTS WITH FEBRILE ILLNESS IN TANZANIA: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT SOCIAL BIOPSY STUDY.” In American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 97:30–30. AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE, 2017.
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  - Zullig, Leah L., Charles Muiruri, Pili Nyindo, Theresia Namwai, Francis Karia, Michael Oresto, Elvis Silayo, Angelah Msomba, John Bartlett, and Yousuf Zafar. “Validation and quality assessment of the Kilimanjaro Cancer Registry.” In Journal of Clinical Oncology, 34:266–266. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), 2016. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.266.
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  - Zhang, Helen L., Michael W. Omondi, Augustine M. Musyoka, Isaac A. Afwamba, Remigi P. Swai, Francis P. Karia, Charles Muiruri, Elizabeth A. Reddy, John A. Crump, and Matthew P. Rubach. “THE CHALLENGES OF MAINTAINING GOOD CLINICAL LABORATORY PRACTICES IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS: A HEALTH PROGRAM EVALUATION FRAMEWORK CASE STUDY FROM EAST AFRICA.” In American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 93:406–406. AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE, 2015.
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  - Zullig, Leah L., Sky Vanderburg, Doug Johnson, Olola Oneko, Charles Muiruri, Moshi Ntabaye, Amy Pickar Abernethy, John Bartlett, and Yousuf Zafar. “Assessment of cancer registries (CR) in low- and middle-income countries (LMCs).” In Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol. 30. AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2012.
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Scholarly, Clinical, & Service Activities
Outreach & Engaged Scholarship
- Board Member. Board Member Affordable Community Residence Association (ACRA) (Durham). 2017 2017

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Education, Training, & Certifications

Duke Appointment History

Leadership & Clinical Positions at Duke

Academic Positions Outside Duke

In the News

Awards & Honors

Subject Headings

Global Scholarship

Expertise

Research

Selected Grants

Selected Publications

Academic Articles

Conference Papers

Outreach & Engaged Scholarship