Journal ArticleAcademic pediatrics · November 2024
ObjectiveThe US has the highest incarceration rate in the world; incarceration's direct and indirect toll on the health and health care use of youth is rarely investigated. We sought to compare the health of youth with known personal or family jus ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Marriage and Family · August 1, 2024
Objective: To consider whether one sibling's criminal legal system contact influences another's material conditions, social support, and mental health and behavioral problems. Background: Sibling incarceration is both the most common form of familial incar ...
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Journal ArticleDemography · February 2024
Intergenerational transmission processes have long been of interest to demographers, but prior research on the intergenerational transmission of criminal justice contact is relatively sparse and limited by its lack of attention to the correlated "family tr ...
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Journal ArticleAnnual Review of Criminology · January 26, 2024
Nearly 35 years ago, Sampson and Laub popularized the concept of desistance from crime and isolated core factors that promote and inhibit this process. In this article, we introduce the concept of intergenerational desistance and provide guidance on measur ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Human Resources · January 1, 2024
Tens of millions of people in the world are incarcerated, which may negatively affect them and their families. Visitation may mitigate the negative consequences, but there is little causally identified evidence on its efficacy. To generate plausibly causal ...
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Journal ArticleSocius · January 1, 2024
Scholars have reached different conclusions about the relationship between carceral contact and community engagement and civic participation. We offer a theoretical account that aims to synthesize this work to argue that incarceration should depress trust ...
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Journal ArticleChild maltreatment · November 2023
Congregate care placement is among the most consequential forms of foster care placement that youth can experience, as it means a removal from both the family of origin and a family setting more broadly. Unfortunately, little research has estimated how com ...
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Journal ArticleChildren and Youth Services Review · September 1, 2023
The Rockwool–Duke Global Child Welfare Database (RDGCWD) is a cross-national aggregate longitudinal data resource created to facilitate comparative research on children's involvement with child welfare systems (CWS) and child protective services (CPS) acro ...
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Journal ArticleChildren and youth services review · April 2023
BackgroundPrior estimates of the cumulative risks of child welfare system contact illustrate the prominence of this system in the lives of children in the United States (U.S.). However, these estimates report national data on a system administered ...
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Journal ArticleScience advances · December 2022
How likely are U.S. males and females of different ethnoracial groups to be imprisoned over the course of their lives, and how have these risks changed in recent decades? Using survey and administrative data, we update 20th-century estimates of the cumulat ...
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Journal ArticleResearch on social work practice · July 2022
In their provocative article, Barth and colleagues interrogate existing research on a series of claims about the child welfare system. In this reply, we focus on just one of their conclusions: that foster care placement does little, on average, to cause th ...
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Journal ArticleSocial Forces · June 1, 2022
Stigma is often cited as a mechanism driving the consequences of incarceration for formerly incarcerated people and their families. Few studies, however, provide quantitative evidence of the nature and strength of stigma stemming from direct and indirect i ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2022
This chapter explores the common trope that people must “pay their debt to society” when individuals are convicted of crimes. What is generally meant by this trope is that an individual should suffer prison or jail incarceration, state supervision after re ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Family Issues · December 1, 2021
While qualitative evidence has highlighted psychological benefits of visitation during incarceration, and quantitative evidence has linked visitation to better post-release outcomes for inmates, we know little about heterogeneity in visitation patterns and ...
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Journal ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · October 19, 2021
The authors wish to note the following: "Shortly after the publication of our article we were contacted by another team of researchers (Emily Putnam-Hornstein, Eunhye Ahn, John Prindle, and DanielWebster) who have access to privately funded data from Calif ...
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Journal ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.) · October 2021
In this Review, we assess how mass incarceration, a monumental American policy experiment, has affected families over the past five decades. We reach four conclusions. First, family member incarceration is now common for American families. Second, individu ...
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Journal ArticleMaternal and child health journal · August 2021
ObjectivesTo examine population-level associations between paternal jail incarceration during pregnancy and infant birth outcomes using objective measures of health and incarceration.MethodsWe use multivariate logistic regression models a ...
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Journal ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · July 2021
This article provides county-level estimates of the cumulative prevalence of four levels of Child Protective Services (CPS) contact using administrative data from the 20 most populous counties in the United States. Rates of CPS investigation are extremely ...
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Book · July 2021
Dramatic increases in criminal justice contact in the United States have rendered prison and jail incarceration common for US men and their loved ones, with possible implications for women's health. This review provides the most expansive critical discussi ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of public health · June 2021
Objectives. To document the cumulative childhood risk of different levels of involvement with the child protection system (CPS), including terminations of parental rights (TPRs).Methods. We linked vital records for California's 1999 birth coh ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA network open · May 2021
ImportanceMore than half of the adult population in the United States has ever had a family member incarcerated, an experience more common among Black individuals. The impacts of family incarceration on well-being are not fully understood.Obje ...
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Journal ArticleCriminology · August 1, 2020
Being placed in restrictive housing is considered one of the most devastating experiences a human can endure, yet a scant amount of research has been conducted to test how this experience affects core indicators of prisoner reentry such as employment and r ...
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Journal ArticleDemographic Research · July 1, 2020
BACKGROUND Paternal incarceration is a well-known risk factor for poor child outcomes. Although existing research documents the prevalence of paternal incarceration and racial/ethnic disparities in this risk, research in this area is still sorely limited i ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of public health · May 2020
Objectives. To estimate the cumulative prevalence of confirmed child maltreatment and foster care placement for US children and changes in prevalence between 2011 and 2016.Methods. We used synthetic cohort life tables and data from the Adopti ...
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Journal ArticleThe Lancet. Public health · February 2020
BackgroundWith more than 10 million people incarcerated worldwide, some of whom will have experienced solitary confinement, a better understanding of health and mortality after release is needed. The aim of this study was to assess the relationshi ...
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Journal ArticleChild maltreatment · February 2020
Recent research has used synthetic cohort life tables to show that having a Child Protective Services investigation, experiencing confirmed maltreatment, and being placed in foster care are more common for American children than would be expected based on ...
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Journal ArticleAnnual Review of Criminology · January 13, 2020
This article provides a critical overview in five stages of roughly 50 years of research on the intergenerational transmission of criminal justice contact. In the first stage, I document that research on the intergenerational transmission of crime and crim ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of public health · January 2020
Objectives. To assess the association between exposure to the US criminal legal system and well-being.Methods. We used data from the 2018 Family History of Incarceration Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional study of family inca ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · December 2019
Child maltreatment is both common1-4 and costly5,6 for children, communities, and society. Recent estimates suggest that roughly 1 in 8 American children will experience confirmed maltreatment,4 and the average lifetime cos ...
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Journal ArticlePublic health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · November 2019
ObjectivesThe number of adults in the United States being held on probation-persons convicted of crimes and serving their sentence in the community rather than in a correctional facility-approached 4 million at the end of 2016 and continues to gro ...
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Chapter · September 13, 2019
In this chapter, we consider how alternatives to parental incarceration such as probation and community service could influence child well-being. As an increasing number of studies document a variety of negative outcomes for children with incarcerated pare ...
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Journal ArticlePublic health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · July 2019
ObjectivesRates of childhood obesity and parental incarceration have been increasing in the United States since the 1970s. We examined whether parental incarceration was associated with child overweight at age 9 and whether that association differ ...
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Journal ArticleMedical care · June 2019
BackgroundElectronic health records (EHRs) are a rich source of health information; however social determinants of health, including incarceration, and how they impact health and health care disparities can be hard to extract.ObjectiveThe ...
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Journal ArticleSocius · January 1, 2019
What percentage of Americans have ever had a family member incarcerated? To answer this question, we designed the Family History of Incarceration Survey (FamHIS). The survey was administered in the summer of 2018 by NORC at the University of Chicago using ...
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Book · October 13, 2018
Research on the consequences of incarceration for inmates and ex-inmates, their families, and their communities has proliferated in just the last 20 years. Yet little of this research has documented variation across facilities in conditions of confinement ...
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Journal ArticleEpidemiologic reviews · June 2018
Mass incarceration has profoundly restructured the life courses of not only marginalized adult men for whom this event is now so prevalent but also their families. We examined research published from 2000 to 2017 on the consequences of parental incarcerati ...
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Journal ArticleChildren and Youth Services Review · June 1, 2018
In this study, we provide new national- and state-level estimates of workload and workforce instability among child welfare agencies using previously unavailable data that includes unique identifiers for US child welfare caseworkers in 46 states and superv ...
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Journal ArticleFuture of Children · March 1, 2018
Children who experience foster care, write Youngmin Yi and Christopher Wildeman, are considerably more likely than others to have contact with the criminal justice system, both during childhood and as adults. And because children of color disproportionatel ...
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Journal ArticleSocial Forces · March 1, 2018
Incarceration intensely alters the family lives of incarcerated men and the women and children connected to them. Yet women increasingly spend time behind bars and, accordingly, they absorb direct consequences of incarceration in addition to the more commo ...
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Journal ArticlePediatrics · November 2017
ObjectivesAdolescents with justice system involvement have high rates of physical and behavioral health disorders and are potentially high users of costly health care services. We examined emergency department (ED) and hospital use among a nationa ...
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Journal ArticleAnnals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · July 1, 2017
Academic work on crime and punishment has focused mostly on urban centers, leaving rural communities understudied, except for acknowledgement that rural communities warehouse a large number of prisoners and that rural prisons provide jobs and economic deve ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of men's health · July 2017
Previous studies provide insight into the mental health of jail and prison inmates, but this research does not compare the two groups of inmates. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, this article examines how the association betw ...
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Journal ArticleLancet (London, England) · April 2017
In this Series paper, we examine how mass incarceration shapes inequality in health. The USA is the world leader in incarceration, which disproportionately affects black populations. Nearly one in three black men will ever be imprisoned, and nearly half of ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of public health · February 2017
ObjectivesTo estimate the lifetime prevalence of official investigations for child maltreatment among children in the United States.MethodsWe used the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System Child Files (2003-2014) and Census data to ...
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Journal ArticleChild abuse & neglect · February 2017
Despite good reason to believe that children in foster care are disproportionately exposed to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), relatively little research considers exposure to ACEs among this group of vulnerable children. In this article, we use data ...
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Journal ArticleCriminology · February 1, 2017
In this article, we exploit a Danish criminal justice reform that dramatically decreased the risk of incarceration for individuals convicted of some types of crimes to isolate how having a father who was eligible for a noncustodial sentence under the refor ...
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Journal ArticleChildren and Youth Services Review · January 1, 2017
Although much research considers the relationship between family income and child maltreatment, contact with child protective services (CPS), and out-of-home placement, little research provides a strong causal test of these different relationships. And, as ...
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Journal ArticleSocius · January 1, 2017
Both conventional public beliefs and existing academic research on colorism presuppose that variation in skin color predicts social outcomes among minorities but is inconsequential among whites. The authors draw on social psychological research on stereoty ...
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Journal ArticleSocius · January 1, 2017
In the past 40 years, paternal imprisonment has been transformed from an event affecting only the most unfortunate children to one that one in four African American children experience. Although research speculates that the stigma, strain, and separation r ...
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Journal ArticleSSM - Population Health · December 1, 2016
Although much research considers the relationship between imprisonment and mortality, little existing research has tested whether the short-term mortality advantage enjoyed by prisoners extends to Hispanics. We compared the mortality rates of non-Hispanic ...
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Journal ArticlePediatrics · November 2016
Background and objectivesEach year, nearly 1% of US children spend time in foster care, with 6% of US children placed in foster care at least once between their birth and 18th birthday. Although a large literature considers the consequences of fos ...
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Journal ArticleDemography · October 2016
This article reports estimates of the cumulative risk of imprisonment and parental imprisonment for demographic groups in four regions and four states. Regional and state-level cumulative risks were markedly higher for African Americans and Latinos than fo ...
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Journal ArticleCriminology · May 1, 2016
Everywhere you look, incarceration seems to be doing harm. Research has implicated incarceration not only in worse outcomes for individuals, their families, and their communities but also in growing inequality. Yet incarceration may not always harm society ...
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Journal ArticleAnnals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · May 1, 2016
This article extends research on the association between paternal incarceration and family functioning by differentiating between families with fathers who have been incarcerated in local jails, state prisons, federal prisons, and unknown types of faciliti ...
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Journal ArticleDemographic Research · January 1, 2016
BACKGROUND Most research on the imprisonment-mortality relationship has focused exclusively on non-Hispanic black males and non-Hispanic white males at the national level in the United States. OBJECTIVE To document variation in this relationship across sta ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Quantitative Criminology · December 1, 2015
Objectives: Use a unique dataset to pair probation and parole officers and their clients in Denmark in 2002–2009 to identify causal effects of these officers on labor market outcomes and recidivism. Methods: To identify these effects, we rely on data from ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of public health · October 2015
ObjectivesWe examined self-reported health among formerly incarcerated mothers.MethodsWe used data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (n = 4096), a longitudinal survey of mostly unmarried parents in urban areas, to estima ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of health and social behavior · September 2015
Since the early 2000s, foster care caseloads have decreased in many wealthy democracies, yet the causes of these declines remain, for the most part, a mystery. This article uses administrative data on all Danish municipalities (N = 277) and a 10% randomly ...
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Journal ArticleSocial science research · September 2015
Over the last 40 years, imprisonment has become a common stage in the life-course for low-skilled and minority men, with implications not only for inequality among adult men but also for inequality more broadly. Unfortunately, all research documenting how ...
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Journal ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982) · August 2015
Lower mortality among inmates, compared to the general population, is typically ascribed to access to health care during incarceration and the low risk of death due to homicide, accidents, and drug overdose. In this study, we test an alternative explanatio ...
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Journal ArticleDu Bois Review · May 20, 2015
In just the last forty years, imprisonment has been transformed from an event experienced by only the most marginalized to a common stage in the life course of American men - especially Black men with low levels of educational attainment. Although much res ...
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Journal ArticleCriminology and Public Policy · February 1, 2015
Research Summary: We use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3,197) to consider the heterogeneous effects of maternal incarceration on 9-year-old children. We find that maternal incarceration has no average effects on child wellbe ...
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Journal ArticleDemographic Research · January 1, 2015
Background No research has estimated the cumulative risk of paternal or maternal incarceration in any country other than the U.S., so it remains unclear how much more likely U.S. children are to be exposed to parental incarceration than children living in ...
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Journal ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982) · January 2015
This study investigates the concentration of nonfatal gunshot injuries within risky social networks. Using six years of data on gunshot victimization and arrests in Chicago, we reconstruct patterns of co-offending for the city and locate gunshot victims wi ...
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Journal ArticleMaternal and child health journal · November 2014
Parental incarceration is associated with mental and physical health problems in children, yet little research directly tests mechanisms through which parental incarceration could imperil child health. We hypothesized that the incarceration of a woman or h ...
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Journal ArticleSocial Forces · September 1, 2014
Research on the relationship between parental incarceration and foster care placement is limited in three ways: (1) it focuses solely on maternal imprisonment and provides neither (2) strong causal tests nor (3) tests of mediation. In this article, we addr ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA pediatrics · August 2014
ImportanceChild maltreatment is a risk factor for poor health throughout the life course. Existing estimates of the proportion of the US population maltreated during childhood are based on retrospective self-reports. Records of officially confirme ...
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Journal ArticleDemography · June 2014
We use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study to consider the effects of maternal incarceration on 21 caregiver- and teacher-reported behavioral problems among 9-year-old children. The results suggest three primary conclusions. First, chi ...
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Journal ArticleHealth affairs (Project Hope) · May 2014
In 1978 the federal government restricted research on prison and jail inmates in medical studies, the result of decades of unethical research in correctional institutions. We evaluated the impact this policy has had on studies of health outcomes in minorit ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of public health · March 2014
ObjectivesWe examined the association of family member incarceration with cardiovascular risk factors and disease by gender.MethodsWe used a sample of 5470 adults aged 18 years and older in the National Survey of American Life, a 2001-200 ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of public health · March 2014
ObjectivesWe used Danish registry data to examine the association between parental incarceration and child mortality risk.MethodsWe used a sample of all Danish children born in 1991 linked with parental information. We conducted discrete- ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Criminal Law and Criminology · February 12, 2014
In recent years, legal scholars have become acutely concerned with the hedonic consequences of incarceration. Despite this interest, no research has simultaneously tested (1) whether current incarceration and recent incarceration lead to declines in happin ...
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Journal ArticlePloS one · January 2014
Although recent research suggests that the cumulative risk of foster care placement is far higher for American children than originally suspected, little is known about the cumulative risk of foster care placement in other countries, which makes it difficu ...
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Book · January 1, 2014
Social scientists have long been concerned about how the fortunes of parents affect their children, with acute interest in the most marginalized children. Yet little sociological research considers children in foster care. In this review, we take a three-p ...
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Journal ArticlePloS one · January 2014
Foster care placement is among the most tragic events a child can experience because it more often than not implies that a child has experienced or is at very high risk of experiencing abuse or neglect serious enough to warrant state intervention. Yet it i ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of public health · January 2014
ObjectivesWe estimated the association of an individual's exposure to homicide in a social network and the risk of individual homicide victimization across a high-crime African American community.MethodsCombining 5 years of homicide and p ...
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Journal ArticleAnnals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · January 1, 2014
This article presents research on the consequences of mass imprisonment for childhood inequality. I investigate average and race-specific effects of paternal and maternal incarceration on the risk of child homelessness, using data from the Fragile Families ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican Sociological Review · December 1, 2013
In response to dramatic increases in imprisonment, a burgeoning literature considers the consequences of incarceration for family life, almost always documenting negative outcomes. But effects of incarceration may be more complicated and nuanced. In this a ...
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Journal ArticleWomen's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health · November 2013
BackgroundDespite a growing literature on the consequences of having a romantic partner incarcerated on women's risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections, little research considers the broader health profile of the female partners of eve ...
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Journal ArticleReview of Black Political Economy · January 1, 2013
In this article, we examine the possible impact of mass imprisonment on the physical health of African American women. Specifically, we focus on a variety of mechanisms through which mass imprisonment may increase the risk of having three major chronic hea ...
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Book · December 1, 2012
In response to drastic increases and enduring disparities in American imprisonment, researchers have produced an expansive literature on the effects of mass imprisonment on inequality in America. We discuss this literature in three parts. First, we conside ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Marriage and Family · October 1, 2012
As the American imprisonment rate has risen, researchers have become increasingly concerned about the implications of mass imprisonment for family life. The authors extend this research by examining how paternal incarceration is linked to perceived instrum ...
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Journal Article · September 19, 2012
This study estimates the association of an individual’s position in a social network with their risk of homicide victimization across a high crime African American community in Chicago. Data are drawn from five years of arrest and victimization incidents f ...
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Journal ArticleSocial Problems · May 1, 2012
This article extends research on the consequences of parental incarceration for child well-being, the effects ofmass imprisonment on black-white inequalities in child well-being, and the factors shaping black-white inequalities in infant mortality by consi ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican Sociological Review · April 1, 2012
A burgeoning literature considers the consequences of mass imprisonment for the well-being of adult men and-albeit to a lesser degree-their children. Yet virtually no quantitative research considers the consequences of mass imprisonment for the well-being ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of health and social behavior · January 2012
Dramatic increases in the American imprisonment rate since the mid-1970s have important implications for the life chances of minority men with low educational attainment, including for their health. Although a large literature has considered the collateral ...
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Journal ArticleSocial Science Research · January 1, 2012
This article extends research on the consequences of mass imprisonment and the factors shaping population health and health inequalities by considering the associations between imprisonment and population health-measured as life expectancy at birth and the ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology · March 2011
The US imprisonment rate has increased dramatically since the mid-1970s, precipitating tremendous interest in the consequences of having ever been imprisoned for the marginal men for whom contact with prisons and jails has become commonplace. The article b ...
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Journal ArticleSocial Forces · September 1, 2010
This study extends research on the consequences of mass imprisonment and the causes of children's behavioral problems by considering the effects of paternal incarceration on children's physical aggression at age 5 using data from the Fragile Families and C ...
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Journal ArticleThe Future of children · January 2010
Since the mid-1970s the U.S. imprisonment rate has increased roughly fivefold. As Christopher Wildeman and Bruce Western explain, the effects of this sea change in the imprisonment rate--commonly called mass imprisonment or the prison boom--have been conce ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Marriage and Family · December 1, 2009
This article considers associations among childhood family structure, childhood religious service attendance, and the probability of having a nonmarital first birth before age 30 for non-Hispanic White women born 1944 to 1964 using data from the 1988 and 1 ...
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Journal ArticleDemography · May 2009
Although much research has focused on how imprisonment transforms the life course of disadvantaged black men, researchers have paid little attention to how parental imprisonment alters the social experience of childhood. This article estimates the risk of ...
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Journal ArticleAnnals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · January 1, 2009
Released in 1965, the Moynihan Report traced the severe social and economic distress of poor urban African Americans to high rates of single-parenthood. Against Moynihan's calls for social investment in poor inner-city communities, politics moved in a puni ...
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Journal ArticlePoetics · October 1, 2008
This article uses novel data - online prayer requests for incarcerated and deployed individuals - to investigate how individuals evaluate the social worth of absent loved ones. Results from overdispersed Poisson regression models show that describing incar ...
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Journal ArticleSociological Perspectives · September 25, 2008
This article analyzes how thirty mainline Protestant clergy who addressed homosexuality in their local congregations positioned themselves within their congregations on the issue. Regardless of their positions, all of the pastors first situated the root ca ...
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Journal ArticleSociological Forum · September 1, 2008
Research consistently shows that married conservative Protestant fathers are more engaged with their children than otherwise comparable married fathers. Unfortunately, no research examines the relationship between conservative Protestantism and paternal en ...
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Journal ArticleSociology of Religion: A Quarterly Review · January 1, 2008
A growing body of research examines national conflicts over homosexuality in mainline Protestant denominations, but few studies have explored the concrete ways individual congregations are responding. We focus on thirty mainline Protestant congregations (i ...
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Journal ArticleSocial Science Quarterly · January 1, 2008
Objectives. This article considers how becoming a father affects men's employment levels and tests whether the effects of fatherhood differ by the relationship of the father to the child's mother at the time of the birth. Methods. We use data from the Frag ...
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Journal ArticleReview of Religious Research · March 1, 2007
A growing body of research examines conflicts over homosexuality in national religious organizations, but little research explores variation in how local congregations are responding to the issue. We focus on twenty-one congregations in the northeastern an ...
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