Overview
Clinical Anesthesia
My principal clinical interest is the use of peripheral nerve blocks in primarily orthopedic joint replacement procedures. I am a member of the Regional Division with responsibilities to spine, trauma & plastic surgery.
I was the co-director of the Carolina Cadaver Course, which was run annually in conjunction with Wake Forest University School of Medicine. I have been involved in teaching the use of ultrasound for the placement of peripheral nerve blocks and have lectured on several national courses.
Human Pharmacology & Physiology Lab (HPPL)
I am the Director of the HPPL which is the the Department of Anesthesiology's clinical research lab designed to conduct studies in healthy volunteers. It is designed to collect comprehensive physiological data in a manner similar to the Operating Room (OR), using both non-invasive and invasive techniques. The key areas of interest are:
- Early human clinical drug trials (Phase 1 & 2) of drugs related to anesthesia
- Conduct of clinical equipment validation studies prior to FDA approval
Current Appointments & Affiliations
Recent Publications
Lactate accumulates in the cerebrospinal fluid after prolonged exercise.
Journal Article Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · December 2025 The resting brain is fuelled by glucose with a small release of lactate. During exercise, the brain switches to extracting lactate from blood and this increases brain carbohydrate uptake in great excess to that of oxygen. The fate of this excess carbohydra ... Full text CiteBrain glucose extraction is fixed at 10% despite twofold variability in resting cerebral blood flow in healthy humans.
Journal Article Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · December 2025 In the resting, non-stimulated brain, metabolic demands are met exclusively by the delivery and extraction of glucose and oxygen at an ~6:1 ratio. Amongst healthy people at rest, there is marked variability in resting global cerebral blood flow (CBF) yet r ... Full text CiteCerebral oxygen extraction across different exercise intensities: Role of arterial P C O 2 ${P_{{\mathrm{C}}{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$.
Journal Article Exp Physiol · December 1, 2025 Stability in cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is typically determined by alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF). At rest, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( P aC O 2 ${P_{{\mathrm{aC}}{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$ ) and OEF exhibit a strong ... Full text Link to item CiteRecent Grants
Applied Physiology of CNS Oxygen Toxicity: Mechanisms in Humans
ResearchCo Investigator · Awarded by Office of Naval Research · 2023 - 2026Validation Study of the Noninvasix Optoacoustic Saturation Monitor to Estimate the Left Innominate Vein Oxygen Saturation
Clinical TrialPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by Noninvasix, Inc · 2025 - 2026Accuracy performance verification of the INVOS¿ PM7100 System, with an investigational 4wl adult algorithm, comparing rSO2 values to reference blood oxygen saturation measurements in adult human volunteers.
Clinical TrialPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by Covidien LP · 2025 - 2026View All Grants