Journal ArticleLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) · January 1, 2015
Why is it that in an animal society, persistent selfishness is quite rare yet in human society, even strict laws and severe punishment do not eliminate selfish action against the interests of the whole? Stochastic learning agents called Pavlov strategies a ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of theoretical biology · April 2000
In the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, mutually cooperative behavior can become established through Darwinian natural selection. In simulated interactions of stochastic memory-one strategies for the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, Nowak and Sigmund discovered th ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Conflict Resolution · January 1, 1995
Pavlov denotes a family of stochastic learning strategies that achieves the mutually cooperative outcome in the iterated prisoner's dilemma against a wide variety of strategies, although it can be exploited to some extent by some. When restricted to an env ...
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Journal ArticleTheory and Decision · September 1, 1993
Conflict of interest may be modeled, heuristically, by the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game. Although several researchers have shown that the Tit-For-Tat strategy can encourage the evolution of cooperation, this strategy can never outscore any opponent and ...
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Journal ArticleTheory and Decision · January 1, 1989
Our Pavlov learns by conditioned response, through rewards and punishments, to cooperate or defect. We analyze the behavior of an extended play Prisoner's Dilemma with Pavlov against various opponents and compute the time and cost to train Pavlov to cooper ...
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